History of Arizona’s Basin and Range and Related Landforms GCU 221.
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Transcript of History of Arizona’s Basin and Range and Related Landforms GCU 221.
![Page 1: History of Arizona’s Basin and Range and Related Landforms GCU 221.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649d755503460f94a567f4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
History of Arizona’s History of Arizona’s Basin and RangeBasin and Range
and Related Landforms and Related Landforms
GCU 221GCU 221
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Game Plan:Game Plan:
Cenozoic history of the Basin and RangeCenozoic history of the Basin and Range- Time step 1 – Compression - Time step 1 – Compression (Thrust Faults)(Thrust Faults)
- Time step 2 – Extension - Time step 2 – Extension (Fault Block / Metamorphic Core (Fault Block / Metamorphic Core Complexes)Complexes)
- Time step 3 – Basin filling - Time step 3 – Basin filling (Playas)(Playas)
- Time step 4 – Drainage integration- Time step 4 – Drainage integration
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Cenozoic Cenozoic History of History of the Basin the Basin
RangeRange
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step Time Step 11 - 70 to 20 million years ago - 70 to 20 million years ago
Arizona COMPRESSED from North Arizona COMPRESSED from North America overriding the Pacific PlateAmerica overriding the Pacific Plate
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 1Time Step 1 - 70 to 20 million years ago - 70 to 20 million years ago
How compression works…
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 1Time Step 1 - 70 to 20 million years ago - 70 to 20 million years ago
“Keystone Thrust Fault”
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 1Time Step 1 - 70 to 20 million years ago - 70 to 20 million years ago
“Arizona Thrust Faults”
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step Time Step 22 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Arizona EXTENDED because North Arizona EXTENDED because North America overrode a “spreading center”America overrode a “spreading center”
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
“San Andreas Fault”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxPTLmg0ZCw
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
“Compressionto extension”
Two major features:1. Fault Block
Mountains2. Metamorphic Core
Complexes
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Fault Block Mountains
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
“Little More Complicated”
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Arizona Fault Block Mountains
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
“Sierra Estrella Mountains”
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
“Camelback Mountain” – Red Tertiary deposits and very old granite, typical Fault Block
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Death Valley Normal Fault
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Metamorphic Core Complexes
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
South Mountain
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Tempe Butte – A fault block that rotated away from South Mountain
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Catalina Mountains
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Catalina Mountains
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Can you find a fault block mountain and a metamorphic core complex? How can you tell?
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 2Time Step 2 - 20 to 10 million years ago - 20 to 10 million years ago
Bonus, Bear Claw Mountains or a detachment fault.
Harcuvar Mountains.
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step Time Step 33 – 10 to ~5 million years ago – 10 to ~5 million years ago
Extension shuts down, Arizona dominated Extension shuts down, Arizona dominated by interior drainageby interior drainage
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 3Time Step 3 – 10 to ~5 million years ago – 10 to ~5 million years ago
Arizona kinda looked like numerous Death Valleyshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEOYyjYVkR0
Interior drainage in arid locations forms playas or dry lakes
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 3Time Step 3 – 10 to ~5 million years ago – 10 to ~5 million years ago
Death Valley… again
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 3Time Step 3 – 10 to ~5 million years ago – 10 to ~5 million years ago
Arizona’s old Death Valleys
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step 3Time Step 3 – 10 to ~5 million years ago – 10 to ~5 million years ago
Wilcox Playa
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Cenozoic History of the Basin RangeCenozoic History of the Basin Range Time Step Time Step 44 – ~5 to the present – ~5 to the present
Arizona’s drainages become mostly Arizona’s drainages become mostly integratedintegrated
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Development and integration of the Salt, Verde, and Gila Rivers
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Things to know:Things to know: Basin and Range History Basin and Range History
- Time step 1 – Compression (Thrust Faults)- Time step 1 – Compression (Thrust Faults)- Time step 2 – Extension (Fault Block / - Time step 2 – Extension (Fault Block /
Metamorphic Core Complexes)Metamorphic Core Complexes)- Time step 3 – Basin filling (Playas)- Time step 3 – Basin filling (Playas)- Time step 4 – Drainage integration (basin - Time step 4 – Drainage integration (basin
spillover)spillover)
If you have questions, ask Dr. Douglass