04/12/2023 1

Dental materials

Dr mumtaz ul islam

04/12/2023 2

What are dental materials

• Materials• Dental materials (prevention and treatment)• Why we study dental materials (to provide

above mentioned benefits)• What is its importance (better you know better

you serve)

04/12/2023 3

Types of dental materials

1 preventive or therapeutic

2 restorative

a. Primary (to slow down the process of dental ailments)

b. Secondary (to restore the diseased structure) overlap may occur in preventive and restorative

3 auxiliary ( helper)

04/12/2023 4

Why to study dental materials

1 behavior of the material

2 handling of material

3 evaluation of the problem and its treatment

4 patient education

04/12/2023 5

Behavior

• Sealants prevent caries• Periodontal problems can be initiated by an over hanged

filling• Instruments storage in a wet condition can leads to rust

and corrosion • Sterilization will not be achieved if debris is present over

instruments• Properties– Physical properties– Chemical properties

04/12/2023 6

Handling of materials

• Liquid to powder ratio • Proper mixing• Proper placement of material

04/12/2023 7

evaluation of the problem and its treatment

• Patients complaint• Recognition of Material present in oral cavity • Treatment protocol

04/12/2023 8

Education of the patient

• Why composite filling • Why amalgam • Why glass ionomer• Crown or filling

04/12/2023 9

Replacement material

• For enamel and dentine different types of cements ,amalgam and composite filling materials

• For pulp gutta percha and sealers• For missing teeth and gingival tissues crowns

bridges and dentures

04/12/2023 10

History of dental materialsFrom ancient times to 1700s

• Replacement of teeth• Gold • Dentistry mean esthetics not function• (a) Ivory, which was carved• (b) Porcelain, which was fired into tooth shapes• (c) Wax and gypsum, which were used for impressions and

models• (d) Zinc oxide–eugenol and zinc phosphate,which evolved as

fillings and cements to“glue” the restoration to the tooth

04/12/2023 11

Dental materials in 1800s

• Amalgam, a silver filling material, was widely accepted and frequently used.

• Porcelain was also used for inlays and crowns.

Source: clinical aspects of dental materials by Marcia Gladwin Michael Bagby.

04/12/2023 12

Dental materials in 20th century

• Casting techniques were esteblished • Alloys of gold, titanium, chromium with

cobalt and with nickle were made• Cast metals were used for crowns bridges and

partial dentures• Polymers and composites were also introduced

04/12/2023 13

Dental materials and 21st century

• New ceramic materials and technologies are coming day by day

• Basic concepts and uses are same, unchanged

04/12/2023 14

Selection of dental materials

• Manufacturers or suppliers provide informations

• How much reliable ? Standards which will be discussed

• Personel prefrence and experience• Experiences of seniors and collegues

04/12/2023 15

Thank you