History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet

41
History & Evolution of Bangladesh Internet Sumon Ahmed Sabir [email protected]

Transcript of History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet

Page 1: History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet

History  &  Evolution  of  Bangladesh  Internet

Sumon Ahmed Sabir [email protected]

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Technology evolution & Growth

User experience & Usage Trend

Policy Impact

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Time  Line •  1993-1996 Off line Email Era

(UUCP) •  1996 VSAT Based Internet

Service •  1996-2002 Dial Up Internet •  2000 First HFC Deployed in

Dhaka •  2001-2005 xDSL Service •  2005 SANOG IV •  2002-2008 Cybercafé and

Ethernet based local provider mushroomed

•  2004 BDIX starts •  2005-Optical Fiber based

Connectivity starts for Metro •  2005 GPRS/Edge started

•  2006 SMW-4 starts •  2008 ILDTS Policy (IIG/IGW/

ICX) •  2008 Formation of BDCERT

(Bangladesh Computer Emergency Response Team

•  2008 IPTSP(IP Telephony Service launched by ISPs)

•  2009 WiMAX starts •  2009 NTTN appears in value

chain •  2009 FTTH Deployment starts •  2013 3G Roll out begins

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Old  Days(UUCP  Mail) #  /usr/sbin/uucico  –DSuunet  –x3  & Sendmail  as  UUCP  Mail  Exchanger PPPD  and  SLIP  to  accept  User  Connection Typical  connection  time:  Less  than  a  minute

UUNET  and  Singnet  were  the  default  destination

Eudora  was  the  most  popular  Email  Client

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Old  Days(1993-­‐‑1996) •  Drik •  Prodeshta •  BDMAIL(now BracNet) •  Agni •  BDNET •  BDCOM •  Kaifnet •  Proshika

Email  Charge:  2Taka/Kilo  Byte Typical  Email  Size:  less  than  2KB

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First  Internet  in  Bangladesh

•  June 6, 1996 Information Services Network Limited (ISN) first launched Internet Service using VSAT

•  Followed by Grameen Cybernet in next month.

•  Gradually all followed and a mushroom growth in the number of ISPs observed between 1996 to 2002

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Dial  up  Internet •  Charge: 3Tk/Min •  64 kbps VSAT rent: 8000$/Month Primary  Application  was  Email

Routing:  Default  Static  Route

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ISP  POP  in  Dialup  Era •  Popular Hardware:

o  Router: Cisco 2501 o  VSAT Modem: Comtech o  Access Server: Lucent Portmaster, Cisco

3600

o  Modem: US Robotics Sportstar

Telephone  Lines  for  ISPs  were  precious  resources ISPs  spent  avg  BDT  40k/Telephone  Line

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BTTB  comes  in  the  Picture •  BTTB(now BTCL) started Dialup Internet Service in

1999 •  Being the only telephone operator gained a major

market share •  ISPs considered it as a major threat for there

business •  Total number of subscribers in BTTB were around 25k

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.bd  ccTLD  2000 •  .bd ccTLD starts serving around 2000 •  Country got its own identity in the domain name,

maintained by incumbent BTTB(Now BTCL) •  Unfortunately become one of the most poorly

maintained ccTLD •  Does not support IPv6 •  Not signed yet •  One of the server still running bind version 4 •  No mirror in any second co-location •  Does not maintain at least 5 basic

recommendations by IANA

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HFC/xDSL/Radio  2001   •  Unbundling copper didn’t happened in Bangladesh

nor the incumbent offered ADSL. •  Due to growing demand of high speed connectivity

ISPs started deploying their own copper wire over the electric poles. Some deployed Hybrid Fiber Coax(HFC)

•  Links went upto 4 to 6 km with a speed of 2 to 8 mbps

•  Within 2/3 years electric poles become jungles of color full copper wires.

•  Ethernet Radio’s came to picture that time to connect remote offices and ISP POP’s.

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Cybercafés  2002-­‐‑ •  Cybercafé's started to be visible in the every corner

of the city •  Gradually extended their Ethernet to the

neighboring areas and started operating like local ISPs

•  Before proliferation of mobile Internet they played a major role for Internet access for many people

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Motivation  for  an  IX •  All ISPs were using VSAT for IP Transit •  Each ISP was like an island. •  Latency to Singapore was around 550ms whereas

having broadband, latency to next door ISPs were above 1000ms

•  Need for an Internet Exchange Point felt badly •  Many initiative taken but didn’t worked out

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Why  IX?

ISP1 ISP2 ISP3 ISP4 IPS5

IPS6

IX

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BDIX  2004 •  Started in August 2004 •  BDIX reduced the latency to

5ms for local traffic •  People started to experience

what broadband is……

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BDIX  Traffic

August  13  ,  2008 March  10,  2010

November  2,  2010 May  22,  2014

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SANOG  IV  2004 •  SANOG first time came to Bangladesh in 2004 •  First time Internet engineers in Bangladesh got

exposure to the peoples who have great contribution building todays Internet

•  Boys and Girls learned the Industry Best Practices •  Created a bridge between APNIC and local

industry

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SANOG  IV  2004 •  After SANOG IV it came back to Bangladesh Again

o  2008 o  2010 o  2013

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Metro  Ethernet/FTTx  2005 •  xDSL services didn’t sustained for long. As overhead

cables are prone to electric surge and Thunderstorm. Many ISP’s lost there whole setup or a part in a stormy night.

•  Stealing ISPs copper cable become a side business for few people

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Metro  Ethernet/FTTx  2005 •  ISPs had no options but going for Fiber to the

building •  Leaving Japanese and Korean cities apart

probably Dhaka has the largest number of houses connected with fiber

•  Initially Fiber terminated to Ethernet Switch/Media Converter, now gradually migrating to GPON and GEPON

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Copper  =>  Fiber

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Mobile  Internet  2005 •  ISPs were mostly concentrated in Dhaka City and few

other Big Cities. Rest of the country was out of Internet reach.

•  In 2005 Mobile network was covering almost every part of the country.

•  Introduction of Mobile Internet in the form of GPRS/EDGE/CDMA-1x brings most of the population under Internet coverage.

•  Introduces mobility •  Soon become the most popular means of Internet

access •  Still more than 75% of Internet users depend on this •  Interestingly till now most of the mobile operators

avoiding the IX.

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SMW-­‐‑4  2006 •  Preparing to connect

with SMW-4

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Inception  of  SMW-­‐‑4 •  Cable  inaugurated  in  Bangladesh  in  

October  2005 •  Internet  Service  Activated  on  May  20,  

2006   •  Initially  with  a  STM-­‐‑1  link  from  MCI   •  Improvements

•  Latency  comes  down  from  900ms  to  200ms(US)

•  Second  STM1  to  Singapore  brought  down  the  latency  to  60ms  up  to  Singapore  

•  Significantly  improved  the  quality  of  services

•  But  frequent  Fiber  cut  in  land  and  wet  segment  force  everyone  to  have  their  costly  VSAT  as  it  is.

SANOG  BGP  Workshop  came  to  use  when  most  of  the  ISPs  become  Multi-­‐‑Homed APNIC  noticed  sudden  jump  in  the  membership  numbers

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ILTDS  Policy  2007 •  In 2006 BTRC was in a process of issuing VoIP license,

But government change in 2007 reversed everything

•  International Long Distance Telecommunication Services Policy 2007 appears

•  Resulted three new artificial entity IIG, IGW and ICX •  It also created IPTSP, Call Center and NIX licensing •  Caused a permanent damage in Telecom and ICT

environment •  Resulted amendment in 2010 and made the

damage irrecoverable, created a new entity VSP

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ILDTS  Policy  2007

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IPTSP  License  2008/9 •  ILTDS Policy bared ISPs from doing International VoIP

but issues a license to operate domestic voice over IP network

•  Now many corporates, Banks, Call Centers are dependent on IP Telephony for there regular voice communication and leveraging the Smart features offered by the IP Telephony providers.

•  Though it didn’t picked up as home phone mostly due to power unavailibility

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Cyber  Incidents  and  Cyber  Security

•  SMW-4 make higher bandwidth affordable •  It also opens the door for more and more cyber

incidents, security risks •  ISPs started to get complains regularly on

o  Phishing sites o  Spamming o  BOTS o  DDOS attacks

•  There were no organized group to help •  Bangladesh Computer Emergency Team(BDCERT)

evolved to coordinate and support local and International community

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BDCERT  2008 BDCERT  is  formed  by  few  motivated  individuals  from  all  the  sectors

•  Since  inception  BDCERT  is  doing  incident  response

•  Conducting  Security  workshops  almost  every  year  which  includes  all  the  stake  holders  including  Law  enforcing  agencies

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WiMAX  License  2009 •  One of the Most High valued license issued issued in

2009 to three WiMAX operators. Two goes online •  It was a major value addition for the Mobile Internet

Users •  But they are now almost forced to move to LTE as

WiMAX becoming a legacy

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NTTN  appears  in  the  value  chain:  2009

•  In absence of underground fiber, streets become jungle of fiber replacing the xDSL copper wire.

•  Long haul capacity were over priced by telco’s. •  Creates opportunity for common backbone

provider

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NTTN  appears  in  the  value  chain:  2009

•  Presently two NTTN operators has more than 6000km of long haul fiber connecting all the major cities

•  Covering important areas of major metro’s •  Proving Dark Fiber, MPLS, SDH, GPON, 3G/2G Back

haul for the ISPs and Telco’s

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ISOC  Dhaka  Chapter  2011 •  ISOC Dhaka Chapter rejuvenated in 2011 •  Since then ISOC Dhaka Chapter contributing by

doing workshops, seminars, round tables and other activities

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Terrestrial  Connectivity  

Delhi

Kolkata

Hyderabad

Bangalore

Cochin

Chennai

IMEWE TGN Eurasia

SEA-ME-WE3 Mumbai SEA-ME-WE4

SMW3

SAFE

SMW4 TIC

I2I

Cox’s Bazar

SMW4

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ITC  Operators  Enter  Market  2012

•  Long awaited redundancy for SMW-4 cable become available in 2012 in the form of ITC.

•  Six International Terrestrial Cable (ITC) Licenses issued by BTRC

•  All Six operators are connected with Indian ILD operators at (Bharti Airtel & Tata Communications) Benapole border

•  Along with SMW-4 cable we have got access to I2I, TIC, IMEWE, SMW-3 and few other cables

•  Uptime sensitive business like call center and others first time got opportunity to flourish

•  At present half of the total Internet Traffic (75GBPS) passes via ITC(40 GBPS)

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3G/LTE  Roll  out  2013 •  3G takes off in Bangladesh in October 2013 after a

3 years long debate on license fees •  Just passed the teething period •  Now available in all the district towns •  People leaving in the small towns eagerly waiting

for 3G to be deployed as FTTH there is a long way to go

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2nd  Submarine  Cable  2013 •  BSCCL signed for SMW-5 submarine cable System •  Probable activation on 2016 •  Will reduce dependency to terrestrial cables in India

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Broadband  now A  leaflet  from  small  area  based  ISP

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Policy  and  Regulatory  Impacts

•  Illegal Call Termination via Internet begins in 1998 o  Since then it has a huge impact in the Internet industry in Bangladesh o  One of the root cause of mushroom growth of ISPs o  Corrupted the whole Internet and telecom value chain o  People from every discipline got involved in it o  Still more than 40% of International Voice Call comes via illegal call

termination

•  Bangladesh Telecom Regulatory Commission formed in 2002 o  Illegal Call Termination still a major challenge for BTRC o  Policies taken by BTRC heavily impacted the growth of Internet. Some

times in the positive direction, some times otherwise

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Capacity  Building  &  Peering

•  Apart from SANOG o  APNIC with collaboration from ISPAB and ISOC Dhaka conducting Series

of training workshop

o  ISPAB Has its own training and awareness programs o  BDCERT doing regular security workshop and awareness campaign

•  And now its BDNOG o  Starting its journey with this BDNOG1 conference o  Seeks collaboration from everyone to make contribution to build a better

Internet in Bangladesh

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