History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet
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Transcript of History and Evolution of Bangladesh Internet
History & Evolution of Bangladesh Internet
Sumon Ahmed Sabir [email protected]
Technology evolution & Growth
User experience & Usage Trend
Policy Impact
Time Line • 1993-1996 Off line Email Era
(UUCP) • 1996 VSAT Based Internet
Service • 1996-2002 Dial Up Internet • 2000 First HFC Deployed in
Dhaka • 2001-2005 xDSL Service • 2005 SANOG IV • 2002-2008 Cybercafé and
Ethernet based local provider mushroomed
• 2004 BDIX starts • 2005-Optical Fiber based
Connectivity starts for Metro • 2005 GPRS/Edge started
• 2006 SMW-4 starts • 2008 ILDTS Policy (IIG/IGW/
ICX) • 2008 Formation of BDCERT
(Bangladesh Computer Emergency Response Team
• 2008 IPTSP(IP Telephony Service launched by ISPs)
• 2009 WiMAX starts • 2009 NTTN appears in value
chain • 2009 FTTH Deployment starts • 2013 3G Roll out begins
Old Days(UUCP Mail) # /usr/sbin/uucico –DSuunet –x3 & Sendmail as UUCP Mail Exchanger PPPD and SLIP to accept User Connection Typical connection time: Less than a minute
UUNET and Singnet were the default destination
Eudora was the most popular Email Client
Old Days(1993-‐‑1996) • Drik • Prodeshta • BDMAIL(now BracNet) • Agni • BDNET • BDCOM • Kaifnet • Proshika
Email Charge: 2Taka/Kilo Byte Typical Email Size: less than 2KB
First Internet in Bangladesh
• June 6, 1996 Information Services Network Limited (ISN) first launched Internet Service using VSAT
• Followed by Grameen Cybernet in next month.
• Gradually all followed and a mushroom growth in the number of ISPs observed between 1996 to 2002
Dial up Internet • Charge: 3Tk/Min • 64 kbps VSAT rent: 8000$/Month Primary Application was Email
Routing: Default Static Route
ISP POP in Dialup Era • Popular Hardware:
o Router: Cisco 2501 o VSAT Modem: Comtech o Access Server: Lucent Portmaster, Cisco
3600
o Modem: US Robotics Sportstar
Telephone Lines for ISPs were precious resources ISPs spent avg BDT 40k/Telephone Line
BTTB comes in the Picture • BTTB(now BTCL) started Dialup Internet Service in
1999 • Being the only telephone operator gained a major
market share • ISPs considered it as a major threat for there
business • Total number of subscribers in BTTB were around 25k
.bd ccTLD 2000 • .bd ccTLD starts serving around 2000 • Country got its own identity in the domain name,
maintained by incumbent BTTB(Now BTCL) • Unfortunately become one of the most poorly
maintained ccTLD • Does not support IPv6 • Not signed yet • One of the server still running bind version 4 • No mirror in any second co-location • Does not maintain at least 5 basic
recommendations by IANA
HFC/xDSL/Radio 2001 • Unbundling copper didn’t happened in Bangladesh
nor the incumbent offered ADSL. • Due to growing demand of high speed connectivity
ISPs started deploying their own copper wire over the electric poles. Some deployed Hybrid Fiber Coax(HFC)
• Links went upto 4 to 6 km with a speed of 2 to 8 mbps
• Within 2/3 years electric poles become jungles of color full copper wires.
• Ethernet Radio’s came to picture that time to connect remote offices and ISP POP’s.
Cybercafés 2002-‐‑ • Cybercafé's started to be visible in the every corner
of the city • Gradually extended their Ethernet to the
neighboring areas and started operating like local ISPs
• Before proliferation of mobile Internet they played a major role for Internet access for many people
Motivation for an IX • All ISPs were using VSAT for IP Transit • Each ISP was like an island. • Latency to Singapore was around 550ms whereas
having broadband, latency to next door ISPs were above 1000ms
• Need for an Internet Exchange Point felt badly • Many initiative taken but didn’t worked out
Why IX?
ISP1 ISP2 ISP3 ISP4 IPS5
IPS6
IX
BDIX 2004 • Started in August 2004 • BDIX reduced the latency to
5ms for local traffic • People started to experience
what broadband is……
BDIX Traffic
August 13 , 2008 March 10, 2010
November 2, 2010 May 22, 2014
SANOG IV 2004 • SANOG first time came to Bangladesh in 2004 • First time Internet engineers in Bangladesh got
exposure to the peoples who have great contribution building todays Internet
• Boys and Girls learned the Industry Best Practices • Created a bridge between APNIC and local
industry
SANOG IV 2004 • After SANOG IV it came back to Bangladesh Again
o 2008 o 2010 o 2013
Metro Ethernet/FTTx 2005 • xDSL services didn’t sustained for long. As overhead
cables are prone to electric surge and Thunderstorm. Many ISP’s lost there whole setup or a part in a stormy night.
• Stealing ISPs copper cable become a side business for few people
Metro Ethernet/FTTx 2005 • ISPs had no options but going for Fiber to the
building • Leaving Japanese and Korean cities apart
probably Dhaka has the largest number of houses connected with fiber
• Initially Fiber terminated to Ethernet Switch/Media Converter, now gradually migrating to GPON and GEPON
Copper => Fiber
Mobile Internet 2005 • ISPs were mostly concentrated in Dhaka City and few
other Big Cities. Rest of the country was out of Internet reach.
• In 2005 Mobile network was covering almost every part of the country.
• Introduction of Mobile Internet in the form of GPRS/EDGE/CDMA-1x brings most of the population under Internet coverage.
• Introduces mobility • Soon become the most popular means of Internet
access • Still more than 75% of Internet users depend on this • Interestingly till now most of the mobile operators
avoiding the IX.
SMW-‐‑4 2006 • Preparing to connect
with SMW-4
Inception of SMW-‐‑4 • Cable inaugurated in Bangladesh in
October 2005 • Internet Service Activated on May 20,
2006 • Initially with a STM-‐‑1 link from MCI • Improvements
• Latency comes down from 900ms to 200ms(US)
• Second STM1 to Singapore brought down the latency to 60ms up to Singapore
• Significantly improved the quality of services
• But frequent Fiber cut in land and wet segment force everyone to have their costly VSAT as it is.
SANOG BGP Workshop came to use when most of the ISPs become Multi-‐‑Homed APNIC noticed sudden jump in the membership numbers
ILTDS Policy 2007 • In 2006 BTRC was in a process of issuing VoIP license,
But government change in 2007 reversed everything
• International Long Distance Telecommunication Services Policy 2007 appears
• Resulted three new artificial entity IIG, IGW and ICX • It also created IPTSP, Call Center and NIX licensing • Caused a permanent damage in Telecom and ICT
environment • Resulted amendment in 2010 and made the
damage irrecoverable, created a new entity VSP
ILDTS Policy 2007
IPTSP License 2008/9 • ILTDS Policy bared ISPs from doing International VoIP
but issues a license to operate domestic voice over IP network
• Now many corporates, Banks, Call Centers are dependent on IP Telephony for there regular voice communication and leveraging the Smart features offered by the IP Telephony providers.
• Though it didn’t picked up as home phone mostly due to power unavailibility
Cyber Incidents and Cyber Security
• SMW-4 make higher bandwidth affordable • It also opens the door for more and more cyber
incidents, security risks • ISPs started to get complains regularly on
o Phishing sites o Spamming o BOTS o DDOS attacks
• There were no organized group to help • Bangladesh Computer Emergency Team(BDCERT)
evolved to coordinate and support local and International community
BDCERT 2008 BDCERT is formed by few motivated individuals from all the sectors
• Since inception BDCERT is doing incident response
• Conducting Security workshops almost every year which includes all the stake holders including Law enforcing agencies
WiMAX License 2009 • One of the Most High valued license issued issued in
2009 to three WiMAX operators. Two goes online • It was a major value addition for the Mobile Internet
Users • But they are now almost forced to move to LTE as
WiMAX becoming a legacy
NTTN appears in the value chain: 2009
• In absence of underground fiber, streets become jungle of fiber replacing the xDSL copper wire.
• Long haul capacity were over priced by telco’s. • Creates opportunity for common backbone
provider
NTTN appears in the value chain: 2009
• Presently two NTTN operators has more than 6000km of long haul fiber connecting all the major cities
• Covering important areas of major metro’s • Proving Dark Fiber, MPLS, SDH, GPON, 3G/2G Back
haul for the ISPs and Telco’s
ISOC Dhaka Chapter 2011 • ISOC Dhaka Chapter rejuvenated in 2011 • Since then ISOC Dhaka Chapter contributing by
doing workshops, seminars, round tables and other activities
Terrestrial Connectivity
Delhi
Kolkata
Hyderabad
Bangalore
Cochin
Chennai
IMEWE TGN Eurasia
SEA-ME-WE3 Mumbai SEA-ME-WE4
SMW3
SAFE
SMW4 TIC
I2I
Cox’s Bazar
SMW4
ITC Operators Enter Market 2012
• Long awaited redundancy for SMW-4 cable become available in 2012 in the form of ITC.
• Six International Terrestrial Cable (ITC) Licenses issued by BTRC
• All Six operators are connected with Indian ILD operators at (Bharti Airtel & Tata Communications) Benapole border
• Along with SMW-4 cable we have got access to I2I, TIC, IMEWE, SMW-3 and few other cables
• Uptime sensitive business like call center and others first time got opportunity to flourish
• At present half of the total Internet Traffic (75GBPS) passes via ITC(40 GBPS)
3G/LTE Roll out 2013 • 3G takes off in Bangladesh in October 2013 after a
3 years long debate on license fees • Just passed the teething period • Now available in all the district towns • People leaving in the small towns eagerly waiting
for 3G to be deployed as FTTH there is a long way to go
2nd Submarine Cable 2013 • BSCCL signed for SMW-5 submarine cable System • Probable activation on 2016 • Will reduce dependency to terrestrial cables in India
Broadband now A leaflet from small area based ISP
Policy and Regulatory Impacts
• Illegal Call Termination via Internet begins in 1998 o Since then it has a huge impact in the Internet industry in Bangladesh o One of the root cause of mushroom growth of ISPs o Corrupted the whole Internet and telecom value chain o People from every discipline got involved in it o Still more than 40% of International Voice Call comes via illegal call
termination
• Bangladesh Telecom Regulatory Commission formed in 2002 o Illegal Call Termination still a major challenge for BTRC o Policies taken by BTRC heavily impacted the growth of Internet. Some
times in the positive direction, some times otherwise
Capacity Building & Peering
• Apart from SANOG o APNIC with collaboration from ISPAB and ISOC Dhaka conducting Series
of training workshop
o ISPAB Has its own training and awareness programs o BDCERT doing regular security workshop and awareness campaign
• And now its BDNOG o Starting its journey with this BDNOG1 conference o Seeks collaboration from everyone to make contribution to build a better
Internet in Bangladesh