HISTORICAL RESEARCH REPORTResearch Report TM/77/19

1977

Pneumoconiosis Field Research: Environmental conditions at Oakdale Colliery, 1975/76 Howells GT, Annis R

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Pneumoconiosis Field Research: Environmental conditions at Oakdale Colliery, 1975/76

Howells GT, Annis R This document is a facsimile of an original copy of the report, which has been scanned as an image, with searchable text. Because the quality of this scanned image is determined by the clarity of the original text pages, there may be variations in the overall appearance of pages within the report. The scanning of this and the other historical reports in the Research Reports series was funded by a grant from the Wellcome Trust. The IOM’s research reports are freely available for download as PDF files from our web site: http://www.iom-world.org/research/libraryentry.php

HISTORICAL RESEARCH REPORTResearch Report TM/77/19

1977

ii Research Report TM/77/19

Report No. TM/77/19

UDC 622. 872 Not for Publication

Pneumoconiosis Field

Research: Environmental

Conditions at Oakdale

Colliery, 1975/76

G. T. Howells and

R. Annis

December, 1977

Environmental Branch,Institute of Occupational Medicine,Roxburgh Place,EDINBURGHEH8 9SU(Tel. 031-667 5131)

Report No. TM/77/19

I N S T I T U T E O F O C C U P A T I O N A L M E D I C I N E

PNEUMOCONIOSIS FIELD RESEARCH

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AT OAKDALE COLLIERY, 1975/76

by

G. T. Howells and R. Annis

CONTENTS

SUMMARY

1. INTRODUCTION

2. OAKDALE COLLIERY

2. 1 Colliery details

2. 2 Ventilation and dust suppression

2. 3 Manpower and occupational groups

3. SAMPLING AND EVALUATION

3. 1 Sampling programme

3. 2 Sampling methods

3. 3 Compositional analysis

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4. 1 Fsceworkers

4.2 Non-faceworkers

4. 3 Environmental summary

4. 4 Relationship between control point and face concentrations

4. 5 Total dust measurements

REFERENCES

TABLE 10

Report No. TM/77/19

I N S T I T U T E O F O C C U P A T I O N A L M E D I C I N E

PNEUMOCONIOSIS FIELD RESEARCH

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AT OAKDALE COLLIERY, 1975/76

by

G. T. Howells and R. Annis

SUMMARY

Respirable dust concentrations and compositions at Oakdale Collieryare tabulated for the period April 1975 to March 1976. Informationregarding seams worked, outputs, method of working, dust suppressionand manpower, together with the associated dust concentrations ispresented in a series of face charts.

At Oakdale Colliery the mean coalface respirable dust concentra-tion was 2. 8mg/m3. The mean ash content of the respirable dustsamples was 25.4 per cent and the mean quartz content was 2. 6 percent (representing a quartz concentration of 0. 07mg/m3).

Total dust concentrations are also given and on average were eleventimes as high as the respirable dust concentrations.

PNEUMOCONIOSIS FIELD RESEARCH

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AT OAKDALE COLLIERY, 1975/76

by

G. T. Howells and R. Annis

1. INTRODUCTION

This report lists and examines environmental measurements made atOakdale Colliery during the period April 1975 to March 1976. It alsogives general information about seams worked, method of workingand outputs. As in previous years, routine dust measurements weremade with the MRE Gravimetric Sampler, Type 113A.

The stratification of manpower and method sampling, mainly byvolunteer carriers, was as described previously (Miles, 1972).

Dust concentrations are presented in a series of charts with relevantcomments in footnotes together with average travelling times andcompositional data for the sites and occupations in each face area.

The relationship between dust concentrations at control sampling pointsin the return roadway and faces is examined. 'Total1 dust concentrationsmeasured by M.R. E. Gravimetric Sampler are noted for occupationalgroups and face control points.

The results of analysis for quartz by infra-red spectroscopy directlyon Gelman VM-1 filters are discussed.

2. OAKDALE COLLIERY

2. 1 Colliery details

2. 1. 1 Location Gakuale Colliery is situated at Blackwood, in theSirhowy Valley of Gwent, towards the eastern limit of the S. WalesCoalfield.

2. 1. 2 Seams worked The Big Vein (21:520)*, Meadow Vein (26:651)and the Old Coal (21:684) seams were worked.

2. 1. 3 Quarterly outputs Details of outputs are shown in Table 1below.

* National Seam Correlation Code

2.

TABLE 1

Quarterly Seam Outputs (tons)

Period

April - June 1975

July - Sept. 1975

Oct. - Dec. 1975

Jan. - Mar. 1976

Total

'fo Output

BigVein

30 116

14 646

20 747

30 069

95 578

14.9

MeadowVein

94 747

93 691

109 766

113 197

411 401

64.1

OldCoal

19 304

13 288

34 208

47 01 9

113 819

17.7

Development

2 451

6 060

7 024

5 786

21 321

3.3

Total

146 618

127 685

171 745

196 071

642 119

100

2. 1, 4 nF.aces_ Five power loaded faces, four at any one time, wereworked, two in the Old Coal, two in the Meadow Vein and one in theBig Vein.

2. 2 Ventilation and dust suppression

Average air quantities taken from colliery records and temperaturesand humidities measured by the investigators are shown in Tables 3 - 7 .

Dust suppression measures were applied on all faces and conveyorsystems. Full face pre-infusion was in operation on the ME19, Ol5and B15, while the ME20 was only partially pre-infused. The shearerson the ME20 were fitted with pick face flushing, the ME19 with barrelrelease, and the Ol5 and B15 with vane release.

Dust respirators were changed from Siebe Gorman to MartindaleType X in Sept. 1975 and approximately 70 men made regular use ofa respirator. At the end of each shift the men deposited their respiratorsin the Medical Centre, where they were cleaned and serviced. A recordwas kept*(Form RD2) indicating the date and,type of service given..The serviced respirator was then put into a paper bag with the man'sname and lamp number ready for collection.

2. 3 Manpower and occupational groups

The total ..colliery population at the end of the dust year was 1060of whom 28 percent were classed as faceworkers, 56 per cent as non-faceworkers and 16 per cent as surface workers. The decrease in theproportion of faceworkers and the corresponding increase in non-faceworkers was due to the introduction of stable elimination on faceswhich followed the closure of the B. 15 face.

3.

The number of occupational groups at Oakdale in 1975/76 were asfollows:

Face Groups 29

Elsewhere Underground 4

Surface 4

3. SAMPLING AND EVALUATION.

3. 1 Sampling programme

Sampling was carried out by means of volunteer instrument carriers.The 'random , collier' technique (Ashford & Smith, 1956) was usedfor sampling occupational groups for y/hich there v/ere no volunteersand for surface groups. Samples were obtained for all occupationalgroups. The volunteers carried as and when requested by theinvestigators, with a target of twenty times per year, 80 pe.r .cent.ofthe sampling was supervised.

The allocation of sampling effort is summarised in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Allocation of Sampling Effort

Sampling Methods

Volunteer Carriers

Random Collier

Total

No. of Samples in Each Environment

Faces

30311

514

ControlPoint

49

49

ElsewhereUnderground

194

194

Surface

.__J54

54

Total

546

_6.5 .611

3. 2 Sampling methods

The method of sampling was as described by Miles (1972) and wasfor the whole shift time, portal to portal, except where other-wisenoted.

/

Control point sampling was for time at face only, 49 samples beingtaken during the year.

On a proportion of the samples taken in each occupational group, theelutriator dust was recovered and weighed, and the combined weights ofthe filter deposit and elutriator dust used to estimate the 'total dust1

concentration.

4.

3. 3 Compositional analysis

3. 3. 1 Respirable dust Compositional analysis of respirable dustwas carried out at the Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh,and consisted of determination for each occupational group of mineralash, quartz, kaolin, mica and calcium, magnesium and iron carbonatecontents of samples (Harrison, 1977).

3. 3. 2 Elutriator dust The elutriator dust for samples taken withfour occupational groups was analysed and compared with correspondingrespirable dust samples. (Harrison, 1977).

3. 3. 3 Direct determination of quartz Gelman VM-1 filters wereused for the monthly samples taken at face control points to allowdirect evaluation of quartz in the respirable dust to be made by infra-red spectrophotometry. While this method is known to be less accuratethan the standard method (Dodgson & Whittaker, 1973) particularly atlow concentration, it does allow monthly monitoring of the facequartz levels.

DTPCTTT mO A UTT-i T\TI-<'.—IrCiii.jwa-i x o .TX.I.X.LS

4. 1 Faceworkers

4. 1. 1 Respirable dust Tables 3-7 show the mean concentrationsof the respirable dust for the face occupational groups in each quarterof the year. Face mean concentrations are weighted to take accountof the number of men at each site. Annual mean ash and quartz siteconcentrations are also given.

3The mean respirable dustgConcentrations for coalfaces was 3.0 mg/mcompared with 3. 3 mg/m in 1974 and 3. 8 mg/m in 1973, thuscontinuing the downward trend. However the ME20 where, there weretwo ranging drum shearers operating, shows a slight increase from4. 3 mg/mM1974) to 4.5 mg/m3 (1975).

4. 1. 2 Quartz concentrations The quartz concentrations are shownin Tables 3 - 7 by site and are generally low. The values reported forSite 8 are from the direct method of analysis, taken to give monthlychecks on the quartz levels prevailing at the faces.

4. 2 Non-face worker s

Details of mean concentrations and compositions relating to non-faceworkers1 group are summarised in Table 8.

TABLE 8

Mean Respirable Dust Concentration for Non-faceworkers

5.

Occupational Groupand O.G.S.N.

Pit Bottom (Transport) E31

Outbye Officials E35

Outbye Tradesmen E37

Transport and OutbyeRepairers E38

Surface (>ugty)PickersScreens S1

Rubbish FlightTumblers S8

i Electric Welders 59

'Surface (Non-dusty)Surface Others SO

Sample Mean Concentration

Respirable Dust

0,5 (20)0.3 - 0.7*

1.3 (6)0.5 - 2 6

008 (9)0.2 - 1.5 .

1.2 (H4)0.1 - 5.1

1.1 (7)0.7 - 1.8

1.8 (6)0.7 - 2.3

2.2 (8)0.8 - 5.2

0.4 (33)0.1 - 1.2

Ash

0.15

0.44

0.25

0.39

0.13

0.89

mg/DK

Quartz

0.01

0.03

0.02

0.04

0.01

0.09

Not available,held for furtheranalyses

0.14 0.01

( ) Number of observations•3

* Range of re suits, mg/m"

4. 2. 1 Development workers As the majority of the development wascarried out by outside contractors, only five samples were obtainedwith Coal Developers (F29) and 15 with Stone Developers (E34) (see oTable 10). In coal development, the mean concentration was 2.0 mg/m

and in stone development 2. 8 mg/m3 compared with 2. 8 and 2. 1 mg/m3

respectively for 1974/75.

4. 2. 2 Elsewhere underground workers Respirable dust concentrationsas shown in Table 8 were generally lower than 1974/75 (Howells &Annis, 1976).

4. 2. 3 Surface workers With three of the four surface occupationalgroups the mean respirable dust concentrations were similar to thoseof last year. Electric Welders however have a mean respirable dustconcentration of 2. 2 mg/m3 compared with 1. 6 mg/m3 for 1974/75(Howells & Annis, 1976).

TABlf 3• °' • •""*• ' FACE SUMMARY

Seem N'.O. i. F.ico F;co Typ^ of F.xo | LtnrSearn ' Corr. Co.-.! u--.:< % S^.rlin;> Hr.Lhine •

Code: Cod*; Carban D.ito UitoL . . , , -, — r - — - — Single unit

longv/all !82fOld Coal 21:684 204/301 Sept., 1975 advancing

_Situ

rfethod of Working

Macfiine Details

Oust Suppression

Supports'

i Sito

Occuf.ot.on(Pilllnc Shifts)

O.G.S.N.

! Nunit-er c.f i-U-n In O.'.ctij.cli-j'v.il Gtoup

Mcsn lltsplrablo liiOujrlcr

Du$t 2nd Quvtcr

Conctntr.Mion 3r'! °'J1'!cr

forOriup.Mlon W- QujrCcr

ing/m" Year

Me.in Sampla Concentration

for Sito mp./rii'

Aih Concentration inp/tn*I

Quorti Coticcritration mg/m1

Site

Occupation(IVepsrotlon Shifts)

O.G.S.v

N'umlif.T of l-'itn In Occupations! Group

t-ICAn Rcspirsbi: Dust Concentration

for Occupation tn^/m'

Mean Sample Concentration

for Sita fiip/m*

Ash Concentration m^/rn'

Qy.-.rtz Concentration mj/m*

. INTAKE ROAD

u, »;!chri

2.04m

Bored, fired hand got with Pneumatic Pick.

Bean Stage Loader.

Het drilling.

A_?7 Stool irrhoo finurfv 4imnol r»na^hca^ ^nnr^i-4-•»-• - - - - - - — -/ -—...- . . ---:.,,-« «-rr*-. .»

1Rippers

F624

6

•

1.9 (2)

1.2 (3)

1.5 (5)0.71*

1.5 (5)0.71*

0.470.03

fippers

: F624

3. 0.5 (1)

•0.5 (1)

•

0.15

0.01

Not&s:1. Average sampling time for face samples 6.89 h; 5.51 h at Site 8.

2.

3.

4.

. . .

( ) Number of Sjmplc-s

CHART . ' 015 PACK - 7

SWfiCyclJ Asvr.";"3 Hoof SAVI> Pioor Av,>r..;;o

Fi Uing I*"' £''lt Mudstone . Coal 83 en <&,.+..-«, QuantityFilling Clift Fireclay 25. oa . /r^^Preparation 250ton Coal 91 at uireciay; ,

FADE

Power loaded.

F.I. DD 93KH A.B. Ranging Drua Shearer (2)1.37 x 0.61 Drum.

Right hand Machine Pick Face FlushingLeft hand Machine Vane release.

Dwty 6- leg 40 ton chocks.

- - . - - . - . - -4

Face Officials Hater Infusers

F313 F354

7 3

<

4.0 (1)

2.9 (1) 2.2 (2)

3.4(2) 2,2(2) .

0.75 1.08

Face Tear, Other Face Labour

F6S FOX.

19 20

i 4.3 (7) 4.7 (2)

3.1(13) 4.2 (4)

3.5(20) 4.4 (6)

2.17 ' 1.04

3.6(30)

1.89

0.63

0.08

Hater Infusers

F354

3

0.8 (4)

0.36*0.8(0

0.36*

0.23

0.02

'

PETURH ROADWAYBored, fired, hand got;PneuBatic Pfsks.

Elnco 625 Loader.

Wet Drilling.

4.27. Steel Arches

..„._ _-..,_,_.,, „

7Rippors

F62?

6

4.9 (3)

4.0 (2)

4.5 (5)

0.51

4.5 (5)

0.51

0.80

0.07

Rippers

F627

3

1.8 (1)

.

1.8 (1)

.

0.32.

0.03

Tc.n,p;r,,V;r, C )

Dry 21.2Wet 19.0R.H. 81J

Two Machines on face.!Cutting approx. 90oeach way. Cuttingtops froo roads toCentre of Face.Penobel explosive usedused 3.0Kg per roundof 3 holes.

_.8

++Control

Point

6.9 (2)

6.1 (3)

6.4 (5)

1.67

-0.13

j

1

Wholo

r^c i

1

L6t_

1

WholoP.I'.O

1.0

Notes:5. .

6. • •

7. . '-

D. . ; :

0 Stsndsrd D:vi;;llon •]-

+^ampled for time at face only TAOI.G 3

8. TABt£ FACC SUMMARY

Scam N.C.U. P.tco Fcco Typa of Face | Unjlli Hi/if;M. Scam Corr. . Cc/.l U.ir.k "A Stoning Hr.lisiinc " -—--«-•——- — - - - - -

Ccxls • Co-Jo Cirbor, D.ita Dato Single unit' . longnall l6fcn 1 45m

': advancingOld Coal 21:684 204/301 March 1968 Aug. 1975

. Sito

Method of Working

Machine Detal Is" ' ' '

Oust Suppression

Supports

i Sito

OccuistVm • > " • • •(Filling Shifts)

O.G.S.N.

\\ 'liiiribcr of M'.-n In Or.ciTpf.iiorol Group

Mean Ucsplrablo IstQuorur

! Dust 2nd 0«>-««r

Concentration " 3rd Ou-irtcr

(v '' Qwrtsr

mg/m" , Yeari . ..

Plan Samplo Conccntrjtbn

for Silo mp./rn*

i Ash Concentration inp,/tn*

Ouorti Conccntrjtlon tf' lm*

Site

Occupation(Preparation Shifts)

O.G.S X.

Num'jcr of Mtn In OccupMionitl Groii()

Mean (Vcspirabio Dust Conccntrsticn

for Occupation * msfrn*

Mean Sample Concentration

for Sito mc/m'

Ash Conccn'ir.ition mg/m*

• Quartz Conccntfation mj/m*

"" 'INTAKE ROADWAY ~l

Bored, fired, handfl lied.Supporting.

Heco S.L.40 Stage Loader.

Net drt lling, hand spraying.

4.27m Steel Arches.

1fii peers

F565

6

2.1 (2)

2.1 (2)

2.1 (2)V

0.61

0.05

INTAE STABLE

Bored, fired, Filling,Supporting.

A.F.C. 45KW Drive.

Pre-lnfused, hand spraying. "

Dobson props.Baldw1n Grpetchel Bars.

3Stablemen

. - , , ,. .

F562

6

'2.3(2)

1.7 0)

2.1 (3)0.37*2.1 (3)

0.37*0.62

0,05

.

Notes:1. Average time for face samples 6.83 h; 5.25 h at Site 8.

2.

3.

4.

( ) Number of Sample*

CHART 09 FACU

SMu Cydo Ayoiv^o Roof S.rvm floor Av^rv-o-.._„- „—,-.,-. H-J-^-.. 0'Jl" «1 ~ '~ T - •' - Jin- — i-r-— _, l - -1L - - . M. L u— - j-.fw-nn-.T.r.-.-r— i- .T-i Vtt1' ''".i" il

Filling pvr&iift Mudstone Coal 1. Qualityrating Coal 0.18a Fireclay Seatearth —Preparation 200 ton C°al Fireclay ^

FACE

Power loaded.

93KW Ranging Drum Shearer1.3Cta x 0.610 drua.

Wet cutting, Pre-infuslon.

Oobson 6-leg Roofraasters.

4Water Infusers Fate Labourers Prop Erectors

F354 F567 F5C-3

4 12 14— — -• — — r ' ~ Ll - — -1 -••-- •-.!-• _-•-

1.9(2) • 1.5(3) 2.6(1)

1.9(2) 1.5(3) • 2.6(1)6.90 0.57

1.8 (6)

0.690.48

0.04

4

Prop Erectors

F568

2

0.93 *

5.0 (2)

0.98*

1.18

0.10

RETURN STABIE

Bored, fired, handfilled,supporting.

A.F.C. 37KW tall drive. .

Pre-infused, hand spraying.

Oobsnn props.Baldoin and Groetchel Bars.

• 5Stablemen

««

_ •. L J. 1 . ___ J ._! ._ . . 1 1

5.0 (E)-

RETURN ROADWAY

Bored, fired, filled,supporting.

Wet dri lling.

4.27 on Steel Arches.

7Rippers

F566

_______

3.5 (E)

-

:

Tempsr,il>rre 0. ', j - -_ _ - .-

DO- 20.7^ '!v/ct 19.3°Tv.H. 91?

i;CMAtlKShe H/c cuts on the:op of the seam and:hen returns to thentake end, cutting

the bottoa.

Penobel explosive usei2.7Kg per 3 holes.

0

+4

Control

Point

4.9 (2)

4.9 (2)

m

0.13

\Vhoto

r«0

1

• -.

2.1*

(

Faco

5.0

Notes:S.

6. .

7. . • ' •

0- ' :

8 Standard D;viatlon •!- Min-v/alolilc-d Mcsn

t^Sanplcd for tioe at face only' TAOLG 4

10. UBII5 FACE SUMMARY

. . ' Seam K'.C.l). Faro F:m 1 '1 rP^ of fxo \ Lenp.lli l-K'i:;!itSi-arn Corr. CoM It.-..-.!; 7, SLirtln;' Fmlohln;; " ; ~

Coda Co Jo Corbr, D.ita • Cato Single unit, . , . , . ,,. Inntjwall 178n 1.43n

i BlgVein 21:250 301a Jan. 1973 • ^^

. Sill!

Method of Working

Machine Details

Dust Suppression

Supports

i Sito

1' Occupation

(Filling Shifts)O.G.S.N.

i - , , i - -! Number of Hin In O-'CupMiivnl Groi'p

I Mean ll'.-spir.->blo IstQvartcr

1 Dust JndQuvtcr

j ConccntrntlM _±i ::l

forO.cur.Mlor, 1th Qwrtcr

rnp/m* Yeari

: Mcoo Sumpla Conctntntlon

{ for Sito rnr,/|rt*

I Ash Concentration inf,/in*

j Qojrtz Concentration rnfj/m"

1 Site

1 Occupation

!(Preparation Shifts)

o.c.r- .vNumlxir of l-'itri In Occupations! Group

M»n Kcspirab.'c D-jit Concentration

for Occupation , . . mj/m4

1 Mean Sample Concentration

j for Silo fiiC/m1

Ash Concentration mg/m*

Qusrtt ConccntiMtion mo/m*^ . i.

"' INTAKE ROADWAY

Bored, fired, hand-gotPneimdtc picks.

Beam stage loader.

(fet drilling.

LJlm StRfil irrhps...

1

Rippers

F614

6

1.9 (2)

1.4 (2)

1.7 (4)0.48

1.7 (4)

0.48*

0.68

0.06*

Rippers •

F614

30.9 (2)

0.520.9 (2)

0.52*

0.34

0.03

iRTAfc STABLE

Bored, fired, handfilled.

A.F.C. 48KH Drive.

Pre-lnfused, hand sprayed.

Dobson props. Baldwin and Groetchel Bars.

3Stablcncn

. . . . ....

F615

, , 6

3.7 (4)

2.9 (4)

2.5 M

3.0(12)0.89

3.0(12)

0.89

0.90

0,08

•

•

Notes:1. Average sampling time for face samples was 6.95 h; 4.93 h at Site 8.

2.

3.

-}.

( ) Number of Samp

CHAW 815 PACE

SliiriCyt'o Ay>:-..~.-M'.o RooJ 1 S.rim

Filling ixrbiilft Kudstone Coal 91.4cnFilling :~- (dift) ' Rashing 12.5caPreparation 159 lon Coal 48.5on

FACE

Poner loafed.

93KW Ranging Drun Shearer. 1.37n x 0.61ra Drum.

Pre.fnfuslon, Vane release, Cowl Sprays.

Dbvtfy Roofciasters.

4

Pl/c tips. 4 Proppers Face 'Labourers

F616 F617

10 12-"- ";J ' " " 11 - • . i.

3.1(5) •

4.3 (4) 1.8 (1)

3.2 (4) 2.7 (3)3.7(13) ' . . 2 . 5 (4)

1.35 1.123.4(17)

1.39

0.69

0.06

Floor As'nr;-:;n

Qu'i'ilty1

Seatearth- —(Fireclay) j

RETlRN STABIE

Bored, fired, handfilled.

A.F.C-. 48KHTail

Pre-infused(hanc

Drive.-

spraying.

Dobson Props, Baldain andGroctchel Bars.

5Face Labourers

F617 .

2

3.3 (2)3.3 (2)

2.16

Stab lemen

F618

6

i 3.5(4)

..3 (4)

yjn2.1 (3)3.6(14)

1.573.6(16)

1.57

0.74

0.07

RE TIM ROADWAY

Bored, fired, hand gotPneumatic Ptek.

Wet drilling.

4.27 Steel Arches.

7Rippers

F619

6

2.3 (2)

2.5 (1)

JL3J2)

3.6 (2)2.7 (7)

0^872.7(7)

P.87

0.56

0.07

: .

'

Notes:S.

6.

7.

0.

. : •;-. ^rr =rr : — :u--irrTT-rr

Ttmp;.r..v.TC C

Dry 21 3 ' !\Vct 19.4TX.H. as

rawiu;* iPenobel explosiveused 2.7Kg per roundof 3 holes.

0

Control

Point

f'-9iJL_

3.2 (4)

JA.!?1_

4.3 (3)

3.9(13)

1,08

-0.14

- - - - - - -

\Vho!o

_. I

i

1

2.9+

t

0.9

.T"=r—

» Standard D;vlalloh

++ Sampled for time at face only TADLG 5

12. TABLE 6 FACE SUMMARY

1 • •»•-"•••i Scarn

Meadow Vein

, Site

Method of Horking

Seam N.C.ll. ' r-'aw - F.'coCorr. Cc/,1 K.v.l; % Starting f-inlihlnsCoda Co:)u Carton Date Dato

•

21:651 301 a June, 1973

Machine Details

Dust Suppression

Supports

i Sito

• 0- U-.3 '•

(Filling Shifts)O.G.S.N.

! Ninnb-T (,( Kiin In Ottvp,":1

Mean !U:spirib!o

! Dust

{ Concentration

for Occupation

tng/m"

tionM Croup

IstOwrtcr

2nd Quji'tcr

3rJ QvMttcr

1th Quarter

Year

i '1 Mean Samplo Concentration

for Sito

i Ash Concentrationi

Quorti Concentration

mp/rn*

ing/rn'

mR/m«

Silc

Occupation(Preparation Shifts)

O.C.S .v

Number of i-'i&n In Occupation:;! Group"

Mc.in ftcspirsb.': Dust Concentration

for Occupation mn/m«

Mean Sample Concentration

for Sita

Asli Concentration

Quartz Concentration

Notes:

WG/m*

mg/m'

msfm*

miKET50A0!-RY' .

Bored, fired, handfi 1 Ifid.

Beau Stage Loacfer.

Wet dri lling.

4.27 Steel Arches. Oowty Tunnel Roadheadouppo r i •

iRippers Face Laborers

Ff09 F611

6 1

1.0 (3) 1.0 (1)

.1.0 (4) 1.2 (D

1.3 (3)

1.1(10) 1.1 (2)0.44* 0.14

1.1(12)

0.40*

0.35

0.04

Typa of Pcco Lcn

Single unitlongwall 168fadvancing

FACE

P.UI n«y.t

i i.98o

Poner loaded.

F.I. DO. 93KH Ranging drum shearer1.37m x 0.1 60 drum.

Pre-1 nf used,Barrel release.

Gullick 6-leg Chocks.

4

Hater Infusers M/c Ops. 8Cogger's

•F354 F610

4 19

1.8 (D 1.7 (7)

1.8 (2) 2.1 (61...

2.4 (1) 1.9 (5)

1.9 (4) 1.9(18)0.47 0.78

1.8(33)

1.10

0.560.08

Face Labourers

" . 'F611

15

1.0 (3)

. 0,8. (2)

U (3).

3.1 (3)

1.6(11)1.65

Hater Infusers

F354

2

1.0 (2)

-

1.0 (2)

•

0.30

0.03

1. Face subject to faulted ground. .

2- Average sampling time for face samples Has 7.23h; 5.66h at Site 8.

3.

•5.

( ) Number of Samptci

..s

'13.CHART FACE

S!,!.\cxc:o AV^O Roof '

Filling pci-iiii'i MudstoneFilling (clift}

.Frep. 150 ton

RETURN STABLE

Bored, fired, handfilled, Supporting.

A.F.C. 48KW Tall Drive.

Pre-infused, hand spraying.

Dobson props.; Groetchel Bars.

5Stablemen

F612

8_ n ,, ..»_ .,. • r,jt . .,1.1 ..... ,i, L,-j_i_. i. 1,1 _ . . , . , . - - . . - - --

. 2.6 (3) .

2.1 (5}

2.2 (3)

2.2(11} •1.042.2(11)

1.04

0.69

0.13

S.nm Floor

loal 95. en.

hreclay • ( (fireclay!?r|clay ^ • J

Avori-;;nXc£S"

9.2Qa3/s

RETURN ROADWAY

Bored, fired, mechanically filled.

Eimco 625 Loader.

Wet drilling, hand "spraying.

4.27 Steel Arches.

7

Rippers

FA13

6i i . . . . .

2.9 (3)

2.8 (2)

2.9 (5)1.20

2.9 (6)

1.20

0.79

0.14

Rippers

F6133

1.5 (3)

0.20*

1.3 (3)

0.20*0.35

0.06

Note;:5-

6. .

7.

o. . .

TcS:«r..f:ra C '

D.-y U.6Vv'ct ^5«2IX.H. ^

HCMAIXKSPenobel explosiveused 2.7kgs per 3holes.

the top of Ihe seaai 'Intake to return ut ;bottoa return tointake.

0

+t

Control Wholo

Point f;-.cI __„!

_J.2j^.j

2.8 (1)

3.2 (3)

4.0 (3)

3'«11) 2.0,0.62

-

0.17.

f

P.V.O

t

4 A

*

0 Standard Deviation •!•

+£arapled for time at face only •

14. TABU 7TACC SUMMAIIY

Siv-m t-J.CIl. F.ICO F.-ca Typa of row len->,lli HtintitSi-nrn Core. CoM (i-..-,k •'/, Startlnji - Flnlihlng 7

t Ccxio Codo Carbon D.ite Dato Single unitL . 1 longwall 168m 2.03m

Headow Vein 21:651 301a Serf., 1974 advancing

. Sitfi

Method of Working

Machine Details

Dust Suppression

i Supoorts

i Siloi

OccufolVin.(Filling Shifts)

O.G.S.N.

! Numlwr c.f M;n In O:cup;liCiD3l Groupj1 Mt-sn flcspiiMblo UtQuirtcr

! Dust 2nd Quvtcr

Coftcontnuian 3rd Q,urtc.r

1th Carrierfor Occupation

*

mg/m* Ycsri . _ . _i . i l l , . .

Hc.-in S:irnp!o Concontntlon

for Silo m,-/m»

i Ash Concentration mc/rn*

Quartz Concentration rnp,/(n»

Situ

Occupation(IVcpsratlon Slilfts)

O.G.S .s.

Numb!:r of l-ic-n In Occupational Group

Mean ftcspircblo Dust Concentration

. (or Occupation . tnj/m*

Kican Sornplc Concentration

for Site rnrjm*

Ash Conccnir.ition mg/m*

• Qu.vtz Conccntr.ition mg/m*

iRTAffiTBAMY

Bored, fired, hand gotwith Pneuraatic Pick.

Beam Stage Loader.

Ket Drilling.

4.27 Steel Arches. Dontytunnel roaonead support.

1 '

fiippers

F620

6

2.8 (9)

4.0 (4)

3.0 (4)

3.3 (3)

3.2(20)1.09*3.2(20)

1.09*

U3

0.09

FACE

Power loaded.

F.I. DO. 93KW AB Ranging Drus Shearer (2)1.37n x 0.61 ai Drum.

Pick Face Flushing.

GulCick 6 leg 40 Ton Chocks.

4

Hater Inf users H/c Operators

F354 F621

6 20

2.3 (5) 5.1 (22)

....7.5(2)..

2.7 (5) 6.2 (22)

1.8 (2) 4.4 (15)

2.4(12) 5.4 (61)

0.46 0.81

Face Labourers FaceOfficials

F622 F313

15 6

6.6 (4)

7,6(1)

3.2 (5)

. 4.0 (3) 3.5 (3)

4.8(13) 3.5 (3)

2.20 0.93

4.8(89)

1.401.14 .

0.11

Hater Infusers

F354

32.0 (3)

0.50*

Face Officials

F313

30.8 (1)

-1.7 (4)

0.74

0.50

' "0.05

Notes:1. High individual concentrations recorded on this face for all groups.

2. Average sampling time for face samples 7.23h; 5.40h at Site 8.

3.

'( ) Number of Samples

CHART HE2015.

Shift Cyc'a Av;:r.<;-o R«/ S.-im floor Avnr;-:;n

Filling p<rii.!!t Mudstone r?~,iau 1? '°i Seatearth QualityFilling — j (clift) Coal 10 « (Fireclay)Prep. 460 ion Fireclay 7 . J 11.16m /s

RETURN ROADWAY

Bored, fired, hand got with Pneunatic Pick.

Einco 625 Loader. . . :

Wet drilling.

ii.27n Steel Arches.

7

Face Laboirers Rippers

F622 «23

1 6

5.5(1)

9.2(2)

6.6(1) 7.2(3)

' 6.0(2)6.6 (1) • 7.2 (8)

1.69

7.1 (9)

.

1.28 - - -

0.1A

Ri ppers

F623

3; 2.0(3)

0.76

2.0 (3)

0.76

0.35

0.04

T,mp,M,rc C '

D.y 21.6 iWet 19.8K.H. 8$ ' •

REMAHICS 1

Two machines on face !cutting approx. 84oeach. Cirtiirs tops to|centre of facOjbottoi^}towards roads.Pcnobel explosiveused 3.0kg per roundof 3 holes.

0

Control

Point

1.7 (6)

6.5 U)

.llli3!-

6.2 (5)

5.8(18)

1.73

-

0.18

1Who!o

Pico 1

i

4;5+

Vrtwls

r.v.o

1.8

Notts:S. .

6. . • .

7.

0. .

0 Standard Osviallon

for tine at face onlyTAD1.E 7

16.

4. 3 Environmental summary

Table 10 (at end of report) gives the mean respirable dust concentrationsfor faces, elsewhere underground and surface, together with corres-ponding concentrations for the preceding two years. Mineral analysesare also given.

3The mean coalface concentration was 2. 8 mg/m , less than for thetwo previous years. The ash and quartz contents were 25. 2 and 2. 6per cent respectively.

The respirable dust concentrations for the elsewhere underground(1. 2 mg/m 3) were generally lower than those reported for the previous

4. 4 Relationship between control point and face concentrations

The mean respirable dust concentrations obtained at the controlpoints (70 metres from the face in the return road, time at workplace only) are given in the face charts, Tables 3 - 7 . From Table 10it can be seen that the ratio of control point to face (man weighted) mean ,concentrations for coal getting shifts ranged from 2. 33 (Oil) to1. 29 (ME 20). The mean value of the ratio for the colliery i. e. meancontrol point concentration against mean coalface concentration for coalgetting operations excluding development and preparation was 1. 37,showing an increase above the value 1. 29, for 1974-75 (Howells & Annis,1975). The value used by Jacobsen, Rae and Walton (1969) in theInterim Standard Study was 1. 4.

4. 5 Total dust concentrations

Table 9, below, summarises the 'total' dust measurements (derivedfrom elutriator and filter weights of dust) taken on the coalface, else-where underground and surface and shows the mean total dust concen-tration and the ratio of 'total1 to respirable dust. This ratio continuesto show that it tends to be lower at the return end than elsewhere alongthe face. On average the "total1 dust concentration was about eleventimes as high as the respirable dust.

Elutriator dust,with their corresponding respirable dust samples and analysed forcomposition. As found in the previous year (Howells & Annis, 1976)e'lutriator samples contained, in general, more ash but less quartz andkaolin than corresponding filter samples. (Harrison, 1977).

17.

TABLE 9

Total Dust Concentrations

Site

1

3

A.

5

1

8

Prep.

E.W.-U.

Surface

Seam

Old Cbal

12.3 (2)15.64*

2 0 . ( I ) 1

12.18

•53. -5 (6)12.37

56.2 (11)13.41

39.9 (3)6.12

Big Vein

11, (D11.40

32.1 (3)10.01

46.6 (7}14.22

30.6 (?)7.98

24.3 ' ( 2 )9.04

14.8 (7)4.08

MeadowVein

31.0 (4)10.36

"51.Q (19)12.19

19.5 (2)12.24

46.2 (7)9.95

28.T (12)6.53

15J (2)16.30

'.

AllSeams

20.6 (15)17.49

17.0 do)13.69

( ) Denotes number of samples

* Ratio of total to respirable concentrations

18.

REFERENCES

Ashford, J. R. and Smith, P. H. (1956) The allocation of sampling

effort in environmental surveys. N. C. B. Report No. SC 370/ER/28

Dodgson, J. and Whittaker, W. (1974) Determination of quartz in

respirable dust samples by infra-red spectrophotometry II.

Ann. Occ. Hyg. Vol. 16. 389- 395.

Harrison, G. E. (1977) Analysis of gravimetric filters taken at Oakdale

Colliery, 1975/76. Institute of Occupational Medicine File No. BP 31011

Howells, G. T. and Annis, R. (1976) Pneumoconiosis field research:

environmental conditions at Oakdale Colliery, 1974/7t>. Institute of

Occupational Medicine Report No. TM/76/7

Jacobsen, M. , Rae, S. and Walton, W.H. (1969) The relationship

between dust and pneumoconiosis as a basis of gravimetric standard

for airborne dust underground. N. C. B. Report ISM/P(69) 11

Miles, G. J. (1972) Pneumoconiosis field research: environmental

conditions at Oakdale Colliery, 1969. Institute of Occupational Medicine

Report No. TM/72/16

I

TABLE 10

SULiMARY OP DUST COICENTRATIONS "A1ID COiSPOSITION EY FACE AID GENERAL ENVIRONMENT FOR :l975/6

Class of Environment

tlechanised filling

I'reparation

Levelopment in coal

I.2AN COALFACE

Gtone drifting

Llse^here underground

Surface

Seam Pace

Old Coal 09

015

Seam Mean

Big Vein B1 5

Seam Mean

Meadow HE1 9Vein

ME20

Seam Mean

All Seams;

All Seam?

All Seams.

All Seams;.

All Seams

All Seams

Mean Resp. DustConcentrations

ng/Q"^

1973

3.6

-

3.5

4.3

4.0

2.8

-

2.8

3.8

1.4

2.2

3.0

2.9

1.3

1.2

. 1 974

3.2

-

3.4

3.7

3.7

2.5

4.3

3.5

3.3

1.5

2.8

3.1

2.1

1.6

0.9

19752.1(11)3.6(40)

2.9

2.9(56)

2.9

2.0(62)

4.5(118)

3.3

3.0

l . f a(22)2.U

(5)

2.8

2.8(15)1.2

(179)0.9(54)

ControlPace

Ratio

2.33

1.78

1.35

1.20

1.29

1.60

Compositional Data for 1975/6

Mean Cone.

Ashmg/nr

0.57

0.78

0.65

0.64

0.64

0.84

1.12

0.67

0.75

0.41

0.51

0.710.76+

1.43

0.37

0.24

Quartzmg/nr

0.04

. 0.06

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.12

0.10

0.10

0.07

0.04

0.05

0.070.09+

0.20

0.04

0.01

Ashin

Sample/a

20.5

21.6

23.7

22.4

22.4

29.1

25.0

26.4

25.2

27.5

26.0

25.424.4+

51.5

32.4

32.0

Composition of Ash

Quart%

8.5

7.8

8.1

9.2

9.2

14.4

9.2

11.0

10.3

10.4

9.1

10.311.4+

14.1

9.7

4.2

iKaolin%

20.7

20.4

21.2

21.0

22.8

23.7

21.227.3+

17.7

20.3

10.9

Mica%

22.1

28.8

25.9

26.2

22.9

21.8

25.920.3+

30.5

20.3

4.5

pa..Mg

^ *

9.7

8.7

8.2

8.5

9.5

2.9

8.55.3+

4.5

4.2

11.5

Iron% '

2.6

2.0

2.5

2.4

3.2

3.1

2.43.2+

3.1

2.5

2.6 CO

( ) Number of samples + Values for 1974/5

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