Historical News Rock

1958 Year-IN-Review: National News

American troops and vehicles enter Beruit in July.

By Kena Robele

Political and religious tensions

in Lebanon, caused the United

States military intervention,

lasting for three months, until

President Camille Chamoun

completed his term.

Lebanon was threatened by a

civil war between the largest

Christian denomination in the

country and Muslims in July.

This started from the tensions

with Egypt that escalated during

1956, when pro-western

Christian President Camille

Chamoun did not break

diplomatic relation with the

western powers that attacked

Egypt during the Suez crisis.

The tensions were further

increased when Chamoun

showed closeness to the

Baghdad Pact. As a response to

that, Egypt and Syria united into

the United Arab Republic.

Lebanese Muslims pushed the

government to join the newly

created UAR, while Christians

wanted to keep Lebanon aligned

with Western powers. The UAR

supplied the Muslim rebellion

with arms.

President Chamoun complained

about Syria to the United

Nations Security Council. The

U.N. inspectors reported it did

not find any evidence of

intervention from the UAR.

The crisis came to a head on

July 14 when an Arab nationalist

coup in Iraq overthrew King

Faisal and similar attempts in

Jordan and Lebanon were likely.

This caused President Chamoun

to call for American assistance.

U.S. President Dwight

Eisenhower ordered Operation

Blue Bat on July 15. This was

the first application of the

Eisenhower Doctrine which the

U.S. announced it would

intervene to protect regimes

from Communist threats.

The goal was to strengthen the

pro-Western Lebanese

government of President

Camille Chamoun against

internal opposition and threats

from Syria and Egypt.

The plan was to occupy and

secure the Beirut International

Airport, then secure the port of

Beirut.

The first Marine battalion in the

Mediterranean landed to take

control of Beirut airport on July

5. The other two landed July 18.

An U.S. Army airborne battle

group from Germany landed at

Beirut airport on July 19. An

orderly Presidential Election

was held in Lebanon on July

31.

The Operation involved more

than 14,000 men, After the U.S.

withdrew its forces on October

25, Eisenhower sent diplomat

Robert D. Murphy to Lebanon

as his personal representative.

Murphy played a significant

role in convincing both sides to

reach an agreement by electing

moderate Christian General

Fuad Chehab President, while

allowing Chamoun to continue

in power until the end of his

term on September 22.

Prime Minister Rashid Karami

formed a reconciliation

government after the 1958 crisis

ended.

American

Launches its

First Satellite

Joshua Lee-Reid

On January 31, 10:46:16 PM

EST, a Juno I rocket launched

from Cape Canaveral with a

historic cargo on board; the

first ever satellite launched by

the United States.

Explorer 1 was equipped with

the new Iowa Cosmic Ray

Instrument, which was able to

send real-time measurements

and observations to Earth.

The data received was very

puzzling on the ground, as

often the signals would

become unreliable, then stop.

This was thought to be because

of the rushed manner in which

the equipment was modified to

fit into the spacecraft, but was

later confirmed to be correct

by Explorer 3, launched just

five months later in June.

After the confirmation by

Explorer 3, scientists began to

look more closely at the data,

and noticed a pattern.

It was discovered that these

interruptions came from a belt

of highly charged particles in

space that are trapped in orbit

around Earth because of

Earth’s magnetic field, called

the Van Allen Belt. This belt

overwhelmed the satellite's

Geiger counter, blocking the

transmission.

The discovery of the Van

Allen Belt is considered to be

one of the most valuable of the

International Geophysical

Year, a time dedicated for

nations all around the world to

work together towards

scientific discoveries that will

benefit the whole world.

Explorer 1 stopped

communicating with NASA on

May 23 after both its

transmitter batteries died. It is

expected to remain in orbit for

another two years, after which

it will succumb to orbital

decay.

Nixon’s

Motorcade

Attacked

In South

America!

Vice President Richard Nixon

By Fletcher Anderson

Vice President Richard Nixon

survived being attacked while

on a goodwill tour of South

America. When he was in

Venezuela, his motorcade was

attacked. This attack was

considered to be the most

vicious attack on any

American Officer not in

America.

Venezuelan police were not

there as to, “not provoke the

communists.” However, it did

not work and Nixon was

almost killed. Three of his

aides were injured.

Nixon managed to reach the

United States Embassy and

was given a hero’s welcome

upon returning to the United

States.

The attack helped America

realize that many countries in

the Western Hemisphere had

an Anti-American agenda.

The attack also permanently

destroyed Nixon’s perception

of South America because of

the people being, “violent and

irrational.”

U.S. Intervenes in Lebanon Crisis

Mega-tsunami hits Alaska

Picture depicting Lituya Bay before the mega tsunami

By Kiran Powers

A mega-tsunami hit Lituya Bay Alaska on July 9 at 10:15. This

occurred following a 7.8 magnitude earthquake that took place at

Fairweather Fault.

A 7.8 strike earthquake at Fairweather Fault created a huge rock

slide of 90 million tons. The rockslide tumbled down into Lituya

Bay causing the water to surge up to over 500 meters in height.

The mega-tsunami is the largest of its kind ever recorded in modern

times. It was heard over 50 miles away and the earthquake that

caused it is the largest for the region in over 50 years.

According to an eyewitness account, “The glacier had risen in the

air and moved forward so it was in sight. It must have risen several

hundred feet.”

The exact devastation this tsunami had is still unknown. For now all

that can be done is hope nobody was hurt by the massive waves.

Historical News Rock

1958 Year-IN-Review: National News

Recession Slows

American Economy

By Jasmine Williams

The worst economic downfall since the Great Depression hit the

United States. Twenty percent of all Detroit workers were

unemployed. Nationally, this recession forced 5,000,000 people

out of work.

The Recession of 1958 lasted eight months, the recovery start

beginning in May. This recession started in Detroit, Michigan, but

the grand effect spread itself all the way to Canada and Europe,

affecting all the countries in between.

Unemployment was highest in the Midwest and Northeast. They

also took a big unemployment hit in mining areas, such as

Pennsylvania and West Virginia.

Mining areas have bad conditions for their employees, and they

are often treated unfairly. One Hundred thirty out of 321 miners

stated that they were made redundant, 143 others resigned to

achieve career progression.

Michigan suffered the most, hitting unemployment rates at 11%.

Housing construction declined overtime, due to rising interest

rates. There was also a decrease in business of capital goods,

affecting the way producers made and sold their products.

To help this exceeding rate of unemployment, the federal

government decided constructions that were ongoing at the time

were accelerated, forcing more people to help contribute, and

forcing more jobs into place.

They also encouraged home building by ending restrictions on no-

down-payment mortgage loans.

The government also lowered the discount rates, and authorized

federal assistance to certain states so that unemployment benefits

were much more appropriate for that time.

As the Recession of 1958 came to an end, most businesses and

land were retaken. As the year came to an end, those affected by

the event were anticipating the high levels of employment and

production.

A recession is a period of time where economic downfall is taking

place. The recession of 1958 was the biggest recession since

World War I.

By Kavita Thakurdial

The Hope Diamond, also

known as Le Bijou Du Roi

(The King’s Jewel), Le Bleu

de France (The Blue of

France), and Tavernier Blue

was donated to the

Smithsonian Institute. It is

described as the most famous

diamond in the world.

Jean Baptiste Tavernier first

had the Hope Diamond

because he purchased it in

from the Kollur Mine in

Golconda, India. He described

it as a “beautiful violet.”

He later sold the diamond to

King Louis XIV of France in

1668 with 14 other large

diamonds and several smaller

ones. In 1673, the stone was

recut by Sieur Pitau, the court

jeweler. Its color was

described as an intense blue

and the stone became known

as the “Blue Diamond of the

Crown” or the “French Blue.”

In 1749, King Louis XIV had

the stone reset by court jeweler

Andre Jacquemin. In 1791,

King Louis XIV and Marie

Antoinette made an attempt to

flee France.

In September of 1792, the

French Blue Diamond was

stolen. In 1812, a deep blue

diamond described by John

Franchillion was documented

as being in the possession of

London diamond merchant,

Daniel Eliason.

Strong evidence indicates the

stone was the recut French

Blue and the same stone

known today as the Hope

Diamond. Several references

suggest that it was acquired by

King George IV of the United

Kingdom.

Hope Diamond Donated

to Smithsonian

At his death in 1830, the

King’s debts were so big that

the blue diamond was likely

sold through private channels.

The next owner was Henry

Philip Hope, in 1839. He did

not reveal where or from he

acquired the diamond or how

much he paid for it.

After his death in 1839, the

diamond was passed down to

his nephew, Henry Thomas

Hope and his grandson Lord

Francis Hope. In 1901, he

obtained permission from the

court of Chancery and his

sisters to sell the stone to help

pay off his debts.

It was sold to London dealer

who quickly sold it to Joseph

Frankels and Sons of New

York City, who kept the stone

in New York until they needed

cash.

The diamond was next sold to

Selim Habib who put it up for

auction in Paris 1909. It was

not sold in the auction but was

later sold to C.H Rosenau and

the resold to Pierre Cartier

same year. He had to diamond

reset and took it to the U.S

where he left it with Mrs.

McLean for a weekend.

The sale was made in 1911

with the diamond mounted as a

headpiece on a three tiered

circlet of large white

diamonds.

Sometime later it became the

pendant on a diamond

necklace as we know today.

Her ownership of the stone

lasted until her death in 1947.

Harry Winston Inc. of New

York City purchased Mrs.

McLean’s entire jewelry

collection including the Hope

diamond from her estate in

1949. The next 10 years, the

Hope diamond was shown at

many exhibits and charitable

events worldwide by Harry

Winston Inc.

On November 10, 1958,

Winston donated the Hope

diamond to the Smithsonian

Institution and almost

immediately the great blue

stone became its premier

attraction.

A firefighter carrying out one

of the victims

By Liban Warsame

A total of 92 students and

three nuns died when a fire

broke out at Our Lady of the

Angels School in Chicago.

Many more were injured when

they jumped out of the second

floor windows.

On December 1, 1958, a fire

broke out at Our Lady of the

Pope John XXIII

Angels in Chicago. The fire

started in the basement near

the main stairway and

happened right before the

classes were dismissed.

The school is run by the

Roman Catholic Archdiocese,

and 1,600 students attended.

The fire blocked the exits and

carried toxic gases.

Pope John XXIII sent his

condolences from Rome.

School Fire kills 92

Aerial Shot of Our Lady of the Angels School fire.

Nuclear Sub First Vessel to Cross

North Pole Under Water.

By Tea Roepke

At 11:15 p.m. on August 3, 116 men aboard submarine, USS

Nautilus, had done the “impossible” and reached the geographic

North Pole. The geographic North Pole is the point where the

Earth’s axis of rotation meets its surface.

On July 23, 1958, Nautilus was set on “Operation Sunshine” and left

Pearl Harbor, Hawaii to cross North Pole by ship for the first time.

The construction of the world’s first nuclear powered submarine

began in July, 1951, and launched on January 21, 1954. The Navy

announced that she is the sixth ship of the fleet to have the name

Nautilus.

Historical News Rock

1958 Year-IN-Review: National News

U.S. Drops

A-Bomb on

S. Carolina!

By Jay Manolis

An atomic bomb was accidentally

dropped near the home of Walter

Gregg in Mars Bluff, South

Carolina on Sunday, March 11.

The bomb, which lacked a

nuclear core, landed in the woods

behind Gregg’s home, injuring

Gregg, his wife, and his three

children, as well as damaging

seven nearby buildings.

The bomb was dropped from a B-

47 flying over the area when the

emergency release pin was

accidentally pulled. The nuclear

core was being stored elsewhere

on the plane.

The blast from the conventional

explosives in the bomb was still

enough to create a 70 foot wide

crater and damage multiple

homes in the area. Although six

people were injured, no deaths

have been reportedly caused by

the explosion.

FAA

Created

By Arturo Tello-Ulloa

Congress created a new agency to

oversee the skies when it passed

the Federal Aviation Act. The act

transferred the authority of

aviation regulation from the Civil

Aeronautics Board to the Federal

Aviation Administration.

The Federal Aviation Act was

introduced by Senator

A.S."Mike" Monroney to create

an independent FFA.

This act guaranteed the

responsibility of the civil aviation

safety, the nation's civil-military

system of air navigation and air

traffic control.

On August 23, President Dwight

D. Eisenhower signed the Federal

Aviation Act.

Supreme

Court Rules

Magazine not

Obscene

By Louis Lee

A magazine published for the

homosexual audience and was

declared not obscene by the

United States Supreme Court on

January 13. It overturns the lower

court decision.

This started when the postmaster

of Los Angeles, Otto K. Olsen

told one of his post authorities to

seize one of the magazines and

inform the publisher that is was

obscene.

The publisher sued saying that the

government’s actions were

violating the first and 14th

Amendments.

One, Inc., owner of the magazine,

sued the lower courts and lost.

They appealed to the Supreme

Court, and they had to decide if

the magazine fell into their

definition of obscenity.

The lower courts was in favor

with the government because it

contained articles and poems that

aroused gay people.

The Court also stated that,

“Obscenity was not protected by

the First Amendment.”

Alaska Becomes 49th State!

By Paige Offerdahl

The Alaska Statehood Act was signed by President Dwight D.

Eisenhower on July 7, allowing Alaska to become the 49th US state on

January 3, 1959.

It was very hard for this act to be passed and signed, because some

people wanted Alaska a state, but some did not, making it very

difficult.

Alaska is considered a military district of the United States, and it was

controlled by the Federal Government from 1867 to 1884.

In 1884, the government passed the Organic Act which allowed

Alaska to become a judicial district as well as a civil one.

There were people chosen by the government to run this territory.

During this time, Alaska was only a district. People tried to make

Alaska have their own self-government, but it was very hard to do

this.

The second Organic Act ended up being passed in April, 1912. This

law made Alaska a U.S. territory with an elected legislature, but the

Federal Government still controlled the laws.

In 1916, the first bill to propose statehood was sent to Congress, but it

did not pass due to disinterest of Alaskans.

The desire for Alaska to become a State was helped by the amount of

attention it received during World War II and the Cold War.

Alaskan people feared that if Alaska would become a State, it would

bring too many people to Alaska, which they did not want.

Another bill was sent to Congress, but the bill was immediately shot

down again by a coalition of Democrats and Republicans. In 1949, yet

another bill was introduced to Congress and passed in the House by a

186 to 146 vote in 1950. The bill was shot down in the Senate .

In 1954, President Eisenhower referred Hawaii for Statehood (then a

Republican territory) but not Alaska (then a Democratic territory).

Eisenhower was not really supportive for Alaska’s statehood, so a

Senate coalition tied Alaska and Hawaii’s statehood together as one

package.

The constitution for Alaska was written up and Alaskans voted and

passed the Constitution in 1956. It was “one of the best, if not the best,

state constitution ever written.”

In January of 1958, President Eisenhower fully endorsed the bill for

the first time. The House passed the statehood bill. The Senate passed

it by a 64-20 vote.

Alaska will officially became the 49th State of the United States on

January 3rd, 1958.

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: International

Castro Attempts Coup in Cuba

Catholic Church in change:

One Pope Dies;

Another Selected

Fidel Castro

By Kiran Powers

Arevolution started by Fidel

Castro against the Cuban

government and their leader

Fulgencio Batista took a turn

for the Cuban army instead of

for the rebellion when the army

surrounded and trapped

Castro's army of 300 men.

The Cuban Army, which

cornered Castro and was

discussing negotiations with

him, found out that Castro and

his army escaped into the

mountains.

Prior to this, the revolution was

working out mostly for the

rebellion with Castro's troops

setting up a pirate radio station,

broadcasting propaganda to the

entire country. The rebels

defeated the Cuban Army in

the Battle of La Plata.

After five years of fighting,

things looked good for the

army who the United States as

well as the Mafia, who has

money in Cuba, are backing.

It did not happen the way that

the army, Cuban government

or the U.S. was expecting. The

Cuban Army had Castro

pinned down with vastly bigger

numbers when he called for a

cease fire.

Cuban General Eulogio

Cantillo agreed to the cease fire

and the two sides began

negotiations. It is reported that

Castro even offered to

negotiate the end of the war

which was too tempting for the

Cuban government to pass up.

During the nights of the

negotiations Castro would

sneak his troops out until they

were all gone and he was no

longer there.

On August 8, the army decided

to start attacking again, but

Castro and his army were gone.

Pope Pius XII

Dies

By Abdirahman Abdi

Pope Pius XII died on October

9 at age 82. He died at the

Papel Summer Residence in

Castle Gandolfo.

In recent years, he suffered

from gastritis intermittently.

He had surgery and everything

seemed good they.

Pope Pius XII, whose birth

name was Eugenio Maria

Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli,

was born on March 2, 1876 in

Rome. His papacy began when

he was 63 on his birthday in

1939.

During in World War II, Pius’s

mission was to make sure the

“church was visible,” so he

tried to help world leaders

prevent the outbreak of war.

After the war, Pius worked to

make sure that Europe was not

in ruins.

John XXIII

named Pope

By Jalene Abebe

Pope John XXIII succeeded

Pope Pius XII as the 261st Pope

to lead the Catholic Church.

When Pope Pixus XII died a

meeting of the church’s

cardinals was held, called a

conclave, and they selected

Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli to

be the new Pope. Roncalli

took the name John XXIII.

Pope John was born on

November 25, 1881.

Pope Pius XII was the Pope of

the Catholic Church from

March 2, 1939 till his death on

October 9, 1958.

Pope Pius XII was the Pope

during the Holocaust and a

memorable moment he did was

protecting and sheltering some

Jews and encouraged others to

help the Jews. He protested

against the deportation of Jews.

There has been 266 Popes

leading the Catholic Church in

history. A Pope is the supreme

pontiff and is the Bishop of

Rome and always been the

leader of the head of the state

of Vatican City since 1929.

The Pope has political and

religious duties to do every

day. Meeting other political

leaders all over the World and

meeting with Bishops are

among his duties.

The main duty for every Pope

is to politically and religiously

keep the Roman Catholic

Church on track and continuing

practicing the faith.

Guinea Declares

Independence

By Tea Roepke

Guinea officially declared

independence from France on

September 28, 1958. Sékou

Touré became their President.

French President, Charles de

Gaulle, said colonies had a

choice between autonomy or

immediate independence.

Most French colonies chose

autonomy, but Guinea voted

for independence.

By Norah Austin

Typhoon Ida resulted in 1,269

fatalities from Guam to Japan.

Typhoon Ida formed over the

Pacific near Guam. Rapidly, it

moved to the west and quickly

intensified to severely

dangerous speeds of 115 miles

per hour.

In the wee hours of the

morning of September 22,

Typhoon Ida took a quick turn

to the north and continued to

increase with extremely

dangerous wind speeds.

Hurricane hunters, dispatched

by the National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration,

estimated maximum speeds of

325 kilometers per hour at the

peak of the storm.

Torrential flooding, mudslides,

and damage to settlements

have been reported, making

Typhoon Ida the sixth strongest

typhoon to hit Japan.

According to Time Magazine,

“Roaring north out of the

Pacific last week came the

worst storm to hit Japan in 24

years….In twelve dreadful

hours, Typhoon Ida swept clear

up the northern half of Honshu,

Japan's biggest and richest

island. The torrential rains

caused widespread floods and

some 1,900 landslides, leaving

half a million homeless.”

The full effects of Ida cannot

yet be fully estimated, however

it is known that much

devastation will be seen

throughout Japan in the days to

come.

War ends

between

Morocco,

Spain

By Liban Warsame

A war between Spain and

Morocco ended with both

countries deciding to split the

land they were fighting over.

The Ifni War took place in

West Africa specifically

Morocco. The war began in

1957.

Much of the war was fought in

a Sidi Ifni. The city of Sidi Ifni

was incorporated into the

Spanish Empire in 1860.

People seen this war as a

movement toward

decolonization in Africa.

When Morocco gained

independence from France and

Spain in 1956, the country

expressed their interest in all of

Spain’s remaining possessions

in Morocco.

Typhoon Ida Hits

Japan as Category

5 Super Storm!

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: International

De Gaulle elected

President of

France.

By Gabriel Chang-Deutsch

In a landslide victory, the

French people voted for former

Resistance fighter Charles de

Gaulle to be the next President

of France. de Gaulle is a

member of the Union of

Democrats for Republic.

de Gaulle was a major figure in

the French Resistance to

German occupation during

World War II. He fought

against the Germans and

worked to organize the

intricate planning necessary to

beat the,

After the liberation of France,

de Gaulle fell out of the public

eye. He was not seen much by

the international news and did

not use his leadership skills to

strengthen the new Republic.

In November of this year,

France had another

constitutional crisis, the fourth

they have had in since World

War II. The governing party

called for de Gaulle to step in

and help. He did as he was

asked and he successfully

rewrote the French

Constitution earlier this year.

There were many issues that

lead to the destruction of the

fourth constitution of France,

aptly named the Fourth

Republic. The main ones

surrounded the war in the

French colony of Algeria.

The old republic was wracked

with political instability.

French settlers in Algeria had

begun to take control of Army

buildings as they did not trust

the French anymore. The

failures in Indochina by the

French Army only magnified

the political instability.

De Gaulle’s rewriting of the

Constitution created a stronger

military but also did not trade

off with civil liberties.

This popularity, along with

fears of instability within

France left fear of a fascist

coup. This fear allowed de

Gaulle to coast to an easy win.

For the rest of his presidency

his main task will be keeping

the French Republic together,

while also making sure the new

constitution holds through.

France, Mexico, Argentina Elect Leaders!

Frondizi

Elected

President of

Argentina

By Ellie Barnett-Cashman

Arturo Frondizi of Paso de Los

Libres, Corrientes, has been

elected president of Argentina.

He was elected and inaugurated

on May 1.

Frondizi was born on October

28, 1908

As president, he hopes to

implement various economic

policies, such as tax increases

in order to decrease budget

deficit.

These changes benefit the

upper class but the lower and

middle class are angered that

he would suggest things like

that and wants to make those

changes.

Frondizi recently formed a

small party called the

Movement for Integration and

Development, where he will

work to promote protection for

industry in Argentina.

López

Mateos

becomes

Mexican

President

By Ana Ayaveca Tirado

Adolfo Lopez Mateos became

the President of Mexico on

December 1. He won the

election with almost 90 percent

of the total votes

He was born in Atizapán de

Zaragoza in 1910 and moved to

Mexico City after completing

his primary and secondary

education.

He received a law degree from

the National Autonomous

University of Mexico.

In 1934 he became a regional

secretary of the Partido

Nacional Revolucionario and

served in the Senate from 1946

to 1952.

He was brought to the cabinet

as the Minister of Labor with

the election of Adolfo Ruiz

Cortinez as president.

Riots Break Out

in Notting Hill

By Freya Benson

On August 29, a series of riots

were started by the white

residents of Notting Hill,

England, targeting the

community’s population of

African, Indian, and Caribbean

immigrants.

The first riot, comprised of 300

to 400 white working-class

people, attacked the houses of

West Indian residents in the

area.

The attacks continued every

night for a week. Rioters were

mainly comprised of white

youth, many of which threw

petrol bombs and milk bottles.

There were several

counterattacks initiated by

black youth, mostly out of self-

defense. The riots continued

until September 5.

The London Metropolitan

Police Service arrested 140

people during the week, 108 of

those have been charged crimes

relating to grievous bodily

harm and the possession of

weapons.

Since the Second World War,

Great Britain has seen a large

influx of immigrants from

Africa and the Caribbean,

many of which have settled in

Notting Hill, a district in West

London.

Since their arrival, they faced

hostilities from a group of

white working class youth

known as the “Teddy Boys.”

Tensions between these two

groups have been high ever

since a series of attacks on

West Indian and Caribbean

immigrants took place during

the summer.

This riot is believed to have

been instigated by the physical

attack on a white woman,

Majbritt Morrison, due to her

marriage with a Jamaican man,

Raymond Morrison.

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: International

Khrushchev Replaces Stalin

On the Left is an image of Joseph Stalin who was the previous

leader of the U.S.S.R. and next to him stands Nikita Khrushchev

By Dominic Adriany

After Joseph Stalin’s recent death on March 5, the question of

who would lead the U.S.S.R. next came to play. This has now

been answered with Nikita Khrushchev taking control of the

Republic.

Khrushchev is a 59-year-old man who grew up in a small town

called Kursk. He has been working for the government for some

time now and also worked as a political commissioner during

World War II.

He has not yet been declared as the leader but he has maintained

control of the Republic.

His fight for power was no easy one for he had to deal with,

Lavrenti Beria, who has just recently been executed after

allegations of being a British spy.

The plot to have Beria executed was part of a plot agreed on by

many to get him out of power.

What Nikita Khrushchev will do in power is unknown to us but it

is positive that the Republic will stay Communist, as Khrushchev

has proudly shown.

UK, Iceland

Fight Over

Cod

By Jay Manolis

Tensions are rising between

Iceland and Great Britain over

who has a right to fish for cod

off in the seas between the two

nations.

Iceland extended its fishing

limits from four to 12 nautical

miles off its coast, tensions

have been rising between

Icelandic fisherman and

fisherman from the United

Kingdom.

British fisherman have refused

to stay out of the 12 mile zone,

which is a rich fishing ground,

and the navies of both

countries have become

involved.

The British Navy brought

numerous frigate boats for the

purpose of protecting the

British trawlers from possible

interference from the Icelandic

fisherman.

The Icelandic Navy has given

warning to the British Navy

but so far no severe conflict

has arisen.

British Flight

Crashes on

Munich Runway

By Lars Freeburn

Twenty-three people were

killed when British Airways

Flight 609 crashed on its third

failed attempt for a takeoff

from Munich, Germany on

February 6.

Twenty-one died immediately.

Two more died shortly after in

the hospital.

The primary issue was that the

runway was covered with ice

and snow. The aircraft, known

as the Airspeed Ambassador,

showed no previous problems.

The aircraft was on its way

back from a European Cup

game in Yugoslavia. It made a

stop in Munich to refuel as the

distance was out of the

aircraft’s range. Among the

dead were seven Manchester

United players.

The aircraft hit a fence at the

end of the runway, and a house

tore off the aircrafts left wing.

Harry Gregg, the team’s

goalkeeper, helped pull

survivors from the wreckage.

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

Cheating discovered on Quiz

Shows Cause Scandals

By Louis Lee

It was revealed that several

popular quiz shows were

giving help to the contestants

by the show’s producers. One

of the reasons they did this

was financial gain.

In 1955, the first woman to

gain fame from the quiz

shows was Joyce Brothers. It

was later revealed that the

game was controlled and gave

her questions that were too

difficult, yet she answered the

questions correctly anyways.

In 1956, Herb Stempel was

told to let his opponents win

on the quiz show Twenty-

One. He then told the New

York Journal-American, but

without any proof, the article

was never published.

An investigation was later put

in action and found Dan

Game Show contestant

Charles van Doren faces the

media after it is announced he

was given the answers to

questions to help him win.

Enright, the producer, rigged

Twenty-One. As a result many

contestants reputation were

tarnished.

The United States eventually

amended the Communications

Act of 1934 stating that quiz

shows could not be rigged. As

a result, many networks

cancelled their quiz shows.

World's Fair: A

Massive Success

By Joshua Lee-Reid

Over 51 million people entered the World’s Fair grounds this year,

hosted just outside of Brussels, Belgium. The fair opened on April

17 and closed on October 19th.

The modern architecture and spacious exhibit halls showcased a

new era of progress in the post-war world. Newly constructed

buildings of glass and steel lined the streets of the 500 acre

fairgrounds, housing the newest innovations the nations of the

world had to offer.

One of the more prominent structures was the Belgian-built

Atomium, representing an iron crystal magnified 165 billion times.

Standing at 335 feet tall, it is the tallest building in all of Belgium.

So far, it appears as if it will stay as a permanent structure in

Brussels.

With its shiny new buildings and awe-inspiring technology, the

1958 World’s Fair painted a glimmering image of the future.

By Lars Freeburg

A black and white photograph

has 57 of the best current Jazz

musicians are in the

photograph taken at 17 East

126th Street.

On August 12, the

photograph, known as “A

Great Day in Harlem,” was

taken by a freelance

photographer Art Kane for

Esquire Magazine.

A variety of children were

also in the image. Most of

these children were just

residents of the neighborhood

with the exception of one who

was in the photograph with

his father.

As it was already difficult to

get all 57 face in the image,

the children added into the

mess of trying to take such a

photograph as they were quite

rowdy. What was thoroughly

incredible is this was Art’s

first photo shoot making this

an even larger

accomplishment.

Among the Jazz greats

appearing in the photo are

Count Bassie, Art Blakey,

Dizzy Gillespie, Coleman

Hawkins, Gene Krupa, and

Thelonious Monk.

The children stayed doing

their own thing, which

included basically messing

around. Art took the photo

with the children proceeding

to do what they want.

By Ellie Barnett-Cashman

Doctor Zhivago has been

published in Italy by Boris

Pasternik. Pasternik has been

collecting documents and

information for a while now

but it has finally been

smuggled and published by

Pantheon Books.

The genre of the novel is

historical fiction and is

written entirely in Russian. It

takes place between the

Russian Revolution of 1905

and World War II about a

man named Yuri Zhivago.

The story is just as difficult to

follow as it is difficult to read,

as it includes some very

triggering themes from Russia

in that time, such as

loneliness, violence, protests,

and family problems.

It has been controversial

because the U.S.S.R denied

publication due to variant

stances on the content.

The U.S.S.R.’s Communist

Party is enraged about the

book because they believed it

gave them a bad impression.

Pasternak was also recently

given the Nobel Prize for

Literature for the novel, a

high honor awarded annually.

This book will have a huge

impact on the way history is

taught and there is talk of

David Lean planning to make

it into a film.

A Great Day in

Harlem Brings Music

Giants Together!

Pasternik’s Doctor Zhivago:

an Embarrassment to USSR

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

Annimation & Music Collide

with the Chipmunks! The Smurfs Debut

By Liban Warsame

Alvin and the Chipmunks

stole the hearts of American

Children this year. They are

an animated music group.

This group consists of three

singing chipmunks and their

owner David Seville. The lead

singer or the “star” singer of

the group is Alvin. The other

two are named Simon and

Theodore.

The first song to feature what

became the Chipmunks was

Seville’s “Witch Doctor” in

early 1958. By the Holidays,

the Chipmunks were the stars

of “The Christmas Song,”

which is currently the Number

1 hit in America.

In the song, Alvin asks Santa

Clause for many gifts for

Christmas, including the new

Hula Hoop.

By Kiran Powers

As we look back on this year

and what 1958 has brought to

this world we think of many

things. Perhaps we think of

NASA being created or the

Soviets launching Sputnik 3

but when we think of the

lighter side of this year I

always think of the creation of

the Smurfs.

Of course by now we have all

heard of the Smurfs but the

origin of the Smurfs may not

be what you expect. It began 6

years ago in 1952 when

cartoonist Pierre Culliford

whose real name is Peyo

created a comic strip in a

magazine in France known as

Johan and Peewit.

Johan and Peewit is a comic

series set in the Middle Ages

about Johan, a king, and

Peewit, his sidekick. In this

comic strip, they go on many

adventures and meet many

characters.

Earlier this year on October

23, Pierre Culliford had his

two characters go on an

adventure where they met the

Smurfs. In this comic Johan

and Peewit run into a Smurf

named Papa Smurf and many

Smurfs that look just like him.

This introduction of Smurfs to

the world almost by accident

has so far been a huge success

with people all over the world

loving the small blue

characters.

Next year many people

believe a Smurf spin off and a

Smurf comic strip will be

created and many people also

believe that Smurfs might be

around for years to come.

Elvis

Inducted in

the Army!

By Yahye Aden

Elvis Presley, the King of

Rock and Roll, entered the

U.S. Army at Memphis,

Tennessee in March. He spent

three days at the Fort Chaffe,

Arkansas induction station.

Presley was born on January

8, 1935 in Tupelo,

Mississippi. He moved to

Memphis, where he started his

music career in 1954,

recording his music at Sun

records with producer Sam

Phillips.

Phillips waned to widen the

audience to include African-

Americans. Presley's first song

was “That's All Right.”

Elvis will not vanish from the

charts during the next two

years however. He recorded a

number of songs to be

released periodically during

his military service.

Music

Creates

Interesting

News

By Tea Roepke

The music scene of 1958 was

a hodgepodge of tidbits.

Unique hits, the Army, and a

scandal were high on the list

of musical news.

Billboard introduced its first

Hot 100 Hits on August 4,

1958, with Ricky Nelson’s

“Poor Little Fool” as the

Number 1 song.

Elvis Presley was inducted

into the army on March 24. He

had the option to have

preferential treatment, but his

manager believed that the

critics would be harsh on

Elvis. But getting drafted did

not keep him off the charts.

His hit, “I Beg of You,” made

the year’s Top Ten.

Jerry Lee was forced to cancel

his England concert tour

called Great Balls of Fire after

the news of him marrying his

13-year-old distant cousin

came out.

David Seville’s “Chipmunk

Song” created the most

enduring characters, Alvin and

the Chipmunks. David’s son

Adam was the role model for

Alvin.

Bernstein Performs a

Young People’s Concert

Leonard Bernstein with young people before the concert.

By Jalane Abebe

Leonard Bernstein’s Young People’s Concert with the New York

Philharmonic was one of his achievements he was proud of.

Bernstein conducted his first Young People’s Concert on Jan. 18,

just two weeks after becoming the Philharmonic’s Music Director.

The Young People’s Concert was an exploration musical

masterpieces hosted by Bernstein. It was nominated for Prime

Time Emmy Award for Outstanding Musical Program. It also

received the Prime Time Emmy Award for Outstanding Musical

Individual Achievements in Entertainment.

CBS broadcast the concert and it was very intense. Bernstein

created the script by himself with the help of the production to edit

it and the orchestra would rehearse constantly.

It was broadcast live, so there was no way to edit any mistakes.

Bernstein’s hard work, with a lot of motivation and determination,

earned him the title of “The Most Famous Conductor.”

He is one of the most talented and successful musicians in

American History.

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Entertainment

Hitchcock Film

‘Vertigo’ is a Dizzying

Thriller By Freya Benson

The esteemed English filmmaker Alfred

Hitchcock directed and produced a new

movie titled Vertigo. This movie is a

psychological thriller based on the 1954

novel The Living and the Dead by Pierre

Boileau and Pierre Ayraud.

The film stars James Stewart who plays a

former police detective, John “Scottie”

Ferguson. Scottie suffers from acrophobia,

the extreme fear of heights, and vertigo.

Scottie is hired as a private investigator by a

man named Gavin Elster to follow his wife,

who has been acting strangely.

The film has received mixed reviews. Some

critics claim that the film is too long and is

excessively detailed while others praise it for

its cinematography and complex storyline.

Although Vertigo earned $2.8 million in

gross retail sales, it should be noted that it

has made significantly less than previous

Hitchcock films.

Kwai Takes

Home Four

Oscars!

By Sarah Meek

The 30th Academy Awards were a big hit!

Some of the biggest movies of 1957 were

featured. Hosted on Wednesday, March 26 in

the RKO Pantages Theatre, the awards

ceremony took over Hollywood. Who were

the big winners? Who took home the golden

man and claimed their fame?

Bridge on the River Kwai snatched Best

Picture, Best Directing, done by David Lean,

Best Cinematography and Best Actor,Alec

Guinness, away from the competition. The

movie swept the awards away to no one’s

surprise!

Other movies won awards, but Bridge on the

River Kwai stole the show! This movie was

not in short supply of love for certain.

Cat on a Hot Tin Roof

Turned into Movie

By Dominik Adriany

The award winning play “Cat on a Hot Tin

Roof” that won the Pulitzer Prize three years

ago is now a movie. It is directed by Richard

Brooks who also directed the movie

Blackboard Jungle.

This movie is about a dad who get annoyed

at his son because he does not have kids yet.

There is also a lot of other family drama in

this movie like the dad having cancer but not

knowing about it because he is not told. His

two sons were know however.

If you like a drama, this is the movie for you.

The protagonist, Brick Pollitt is acted by

Paul Newman, who appeared in the box

office failure “The Silver Chalice.” The wife

of Brick Pollitt was played by Elizabeth

Taylor, who was recently in the movie

“Giant.”

In the movie, “Big Daddy,” who is the father

of Brick Pollitt, is played by Burl Ives. He

acted recently in East of Eden and is also in a

couple other movies right now.

Movies are for Every Taste in 1958!

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Sports

Yankees beat Braves to

win the World Series!

By Norah Austin

In the 8th inning the World

Series’ Game Seven, Yankee

first baseman Bill “Moose”

Skowron hit a three-run homer to

left, preceded by Elston

Howard’s one run single to

center. The back to back scoring of these

4 runs by Howard and Skowron

broke the 2-2 tie, helping the

Yankees to come back from a 3-1

deficit in games to beat the

Milwaukee Braves for the series

title. Starting off the eighth inning,

Yankees catcher Yogi Berra

tagged Milwaukee ace pitcher

Lew Burdette for a double.

Yankee left-fielder Elston

Howard followed with a single.

Andy Carey’s single off of third

baseman Eddie Mathews' glove

marked the increasing intensity

of the game and a glimmer of

hope for the Yankees. At the

climax of this comeback, Moose

Skowron crashed a devastating

home run to left-center, putting

the Yankees ahead, 6-2. This astounding comeback and

lead ceased to change throughout

the final innings of the game.

This astounding comeback and

lead ceased to change throughout

the final innings of the game. This win by the Yankees gave

them their 18th World Series title,

their seventh in the past 10 years. This win proves to be historic, as

it was a rematch of last year’s

World Series, ultimately won by

the Braves. The defeat of the

Braves in this World Series has

been said to further prove the

Yankees’ dominance as a world

class sports institution, showing

that they are deserving of yet

another World Series title.

“Masters of making it look easy

in Series competition with a

record six sweeps, the Yankees

proved...that they could do it the

hard way, too.

By roaring back against the

Braves, they became only the

second team, the 1925 Pittsburgh

Pirates were the other, to rally

from a 3-1 deficit and win a

seven-game Series,” according to

the Sporting News.

By Asher Nycklemoe

Roy Campanella otherwise

known as “Campy” by friends

and fans was involved in an

automobile accident on

January 29. The accident left

Campanella in a wheelchair,

paralyzed from the shoulders

down.

Campanella was one of the

first colored players in the

major leagues and played

alongside Jackie Robinson. He

would go on to hit 242 home

runs in his career setting an

impressive example for all

catchers.

Roy played for the Brooklyn

Dodgers for 12 years and was

one of their most valuable

players.

Born in 1921 in Pennsylvania,

Roy always loved baseball and

was just 15 when he started to

play professionally for the

Baltimore Elite Giants, the all-

black team where he started

his professional career.

He would stay with the team

for nine years and only

earning $3,000 per season.

He persevered and in 1948 he

would advance to the Major

Leagues playing for the

Brooklyn Dodgers. He was

asked to join before in 1945

but declined the offer thinking

that he was going to be put on

another all-black team.

Roy Campanella was one of

the greatest players in the

world and his tragic accidents

saddenss all baseball lovers

today. He will forever keep

playing in our hearts.

Baseball Moves

to California By Lucus Lund

The 1958 Major League

Baseball season played their

first official game in

California on April 15.

The game took place in San

Francisco’s Seal Stadium

between the Los Angeles

Dodgers, who were the

Brooklyn Dodgers, and the

San Francisco Giants,

formerly New York City

Giants.

The game played out to be an

8-0 victory for the Giants.

Colts Beat

Giants in Sudden

Death

By Mya Lynch

The Baltimore Colts beat the

New York Giants 23-17 to

win the NFL Championship

Game on December 28.

Some experts consider it the

“Greatest Game Ever Played.”

This was the first

championship game to go into

sudden death overtime.

The 26th Annual game was

played at the Yankee Stadium

in New York City.

Baltimore receiver Raymond

Berry recorded 12 receptions

for 178 yards and a

touchdown. Those 12

receptions set a championship

record.

14-Year-Old

Becomes

Youngest U.S.

Chess

Champion

By Fletcher Anderson

Fourteen-year-old Bobby

Fischer won the title of US

Chess Champion on January

8, becoming the youngest

champion yet.

Having been playing chess

since he was 6-years-old,

many people are calling him

the greatest chess prodigy of

our time.

His next step will be to

compete in the World

Championships.

Canadians

win the

Stanley Cup

By Ana Ayavaca Tirado

After having beat the Boston

Bruins in six games, the

Montreal Canadians played

them in the Stanley Cup and

won 4-2.

This is the Canadians third

consecutive Cup victory.

To reach the finals the

Montreal Canadians beat the

Detroit Red Wings 4-0 and the

Boston Bruins beat the New

York Rangers 4-2.

The Montreal coach was Tom

Blake and their captain was

Maurice Richard. Boston

coach was Milt Schmidt and

their captain was Fernie

Flaman.

The series winning goal was

made by Bernie Geoffrion

from the Montreal Canadians.

Baseball Grabs the Headlines in 1958!

Palmer Wins

Masters

By Rick Roberts

In the Masters Golf

tournament, held at Augusta

National Golf Club, Arnold

Palmer claimed the title.

There was a tie for second

place between Doug Ford and

Fred Hawkins as well as a tie

for third place between Stan

Leonard and Ken Venturi.

Kentucky Claims

NCAA Title

By Sarah Meek

On March 22, a brilliant game

between Seattle and Kentucky

occurred. This was the NCAA

tournament. Kentucky went up

by 12 points, making them the

champions of the epic game.

The National Collegiate

Athletic Association hosts a

grand tournament every year,

this final game marked the

winner of the long

championship process.

Campanella Paralyzed

After Car Accident

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Sports

Pelé Gains Int’l Fame

After Fateful World Cup

Edson Arantes do Nascimento, more commonly known as Pelé, is

shown in this photograph of the final match crying tears of joy

after Brazil’s victory against Sweden.

Hawks Claim NBA Title Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Game 4 Game 5 Game 6

St. Louis Hawks: 104 112 111 98 102 110

Boston Celtics : 102 136 108 109 100 109

By Joshua Lee-Reid

A 17-year-old broke three

world records during the

iconic final match of the

World Cup, becoming the

youngest player in history to

participate, score, and win a

FIFA World Cup final.

Throughout the entire World

Cup competition, Pelé scored

an incredible 6 separate goals,

second only to French player

Just Fontaine.

Held in the Råsunda Stadium

outside of Stockholm, Sweden,

the Brazilian team won against

the Swedes 5 to 2.

This year’s World Cup was

also the first to feature the

Soviet team, who had not

qualified for entry up until this

year. This year was also the

first to feature Northern

Ireland, Scotland, England and

Wales all in the same

competition.

Controversy over the

qualification conditions of

Israel flared up when

Indonesia and Egypt withdrew

from the qualifications before

playing against the Israeli

team, as well as Sudan and

Turkey’s team refusing to play

against the team, automatically

bringing Israel to qualify for

the World Cup.

However, it was decided that

no team could qualify without

actually playing any matches,

so the Israeli team lost the

qualifications.

Gibson Claims

Second

Consecutive

Wimbledon Title

By Justine Persigehl-Flak

Over 200,000 tennis fans from

all over the world gathered in

London for the 72nd

Wimbledon Championships.

American Althea Gibson’s

historic win last year, where

she became the first black

woman to win a singles title,

made her the favorite to win

the tournament again.

Since then, she won the U.S.

Open in September.

She did not disappoint at this

year’s Wimbledon, claiming

another singles.

In the men’s category,

Australian Ashley Cooper

took home the title, and is

currently ranked as the #1

tennis player in the world,

thanks to his three combined

U.S. and Australian Open

titles within the past 18

months.

Although average yearly

attendance for the event has

dropped by over 10,000

people over the past six years,

numbers are slowly climbing

back, with help from the

accomplished athletes

competing in the

championship.

Thomson wins

Fourth Claret

Cup!

By Jayden Quaderer

The 87th British Open

Championship was won by

Peter Thomson from

Australia. It was the fourth

time he won the trophy.

The Tournament was held

from July 2-5 in St. Lytham,

England.

The Australian legend

dominated The Open

throughout the mid-1950s,

winning the title three times in

a row between1954-56.

A year earlier in 1957 he

finished second, but stormed

back to reclaim his title and

make it seven years in a row

of finishing either first or

second.

He won with −6 (33-72-67-

73=278) points

The prize fund was $13,580 in

which the Thomson received

$2,800.

By Louis Lee

The St. Louis Hawks, in third

place, were going against

defending champions Boston

Celtics.

The Hawks had stars Bob

Pettit, Ed Macauley, Cliff

Hagan, and Slater Martin

while the Celtics countered

with Bob Cousy, Frank

Ramsey, Tom Heinsohn, Bill

Sharman, and Sam Jones.

Sharman, and Sam Jones.

St. Louis was able to grab a

one game edge 111-108.

During this game Bill Russell

injured his ankle. Even though

Russell was not able to play

anymore, the Celtics were still

able to tie up the series 2-2 at

the Kiel Auditorium with an

11-point win.

With Russell still out, the

Hawks were able to win the 5th

Game, 102-100.

Russell was inserted into the

6th game with a very close

game 57-52 at intermission. In

the final minutes of the last

quarter the Hawks were able to

beat the Celtics by 110-109, on

a Pettit tip in of a Martin shot.

Pettit scored 50 points in the

final game, including 18 of the

Hawks last 21 points.

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Obituaries

Claire Lee

Chennault

(-July 27, 1958)

By Lucas Auer

Well-known World War II

aviator Claire Lee Chennault

died at the age of 67 from lung

cancer 0n July 27.

Chennault was born

September 6, 1890 in

Commerce, Texas. He

attended Louisiana State

University going through

Reserve Officers Training

Corps.

Claire married his first wife,

Nell Thompson, and they

moved to West Carroll Parish

where they had a total of eight

children.

He served as the principal for

Kilbourne School in West

Carroll Parish. He graduated

from Officers’ School at Fort

Benjamin Harrison in Indiana.

He was known for thinking

that the romantic one-on-one

dog fights were ridiculous, so

he devised a process where

groups would take the enemy

down.

He became famous when he

severed as a captain of the

“Flying Tigers.” Gifted with

eight British Curtiss P-40

Warhawks, they became one

of the most powerful aviation

squads during World War II.

They proved America's

dominance in the skies in

Asia, taking down many

Japanese fighters, and

showing no mercy to the

Japanese fighters.

During his time in Asia, he

married his second wife, Chen

Xiangmei (Anna Chennault).

They had two kids, Claire

Anna and Cynthia Louise

Chennault.

Chennault left a great legacy

behind his new methods and

unorthodox way of thinking,

helped Asia when it needed it,

when we needed it.

W.C. Handy

(November 16, 1873 – March

28, 1958)

By Lucas Lund

W.C. Handy, the father of

blues, died of bronchial

pneumonia in New York City

on March 28.

Handy was the first person to

publish blues music. This took

the blues genre from a local to

a national audience.

William Christopher Handy

was born in Florence,

Alabama, where his father was

a pastor of the local church.

His father believed that

musical instruments were

“tools of the devil.”

Handy bought his first guitar

secretly and eventually his

father made him return it. He

then joined a local band

secretly.

Handy was also very religious

and used this in his songs but

he did not not share his dad’s

musical views.

After a performance in

Kentucky, he met the woman

who would become his wife,

Elizabeth and they had six

children.

Even though he was banned

from performing in some areas

because he was African-

American, more the 25,000

people attended his funeral.

Chuck Klein

(October 7, 1904-March 28,

1958)

By Louis Lee

Baseball player Chuck Klein

died from complications of a

stroke he suffered in 1947

which left him paralyzed in

one leg.

Chuck Klein was born in

Indianapolis on October 7,

1904. He found baseball fun

while other players found it as

another job. He spent 15 years

in the Philadelphia Phillies as

an offensive force.

In 1932 he was named the

National League Most

Valuable Player and just a

year after that he won the

Triple Crown.

In 1930 he set the record of 44

outfield assists.

Klein was traded to the Cubs

in 1934 and led them to the

World Series. He returned to

the Phillies in 1936 and hit

four home runs as a National

Leaguer in modern era.

He remained in the Phillies for

the rest of his career.

Ernest Lawrence

(August 8, 1908-August 27,

1958)

By Khadar Mohamed

Scientist Ernest Lawrence

died on August 27 from

complications from ulcers and

narrowing of the arteries. He

was one of the representatives

to the Partial Nuclear Test Ban

Treaty conference in Geneva,

Switzerland when he was

stricken.

Lawrence had surgery in

Geneva and was taken home,

where he died in a Palo Alto

Ernest Lawrence was born on

August 8, 1908 in South

Dakota. His parents were both

immigrants and they met when

they were both teaching at the

same high school.

He was a pioneering scientist.

He won the Nobel Prize for

his invention in 1939 called

the cyclotron.

He is also known for making

the uranium-isotope

separation. He earned a Ph.D.

in physics at Yale. He

graduate at Nniversity of

Minnesota and the University

of South Dakota.

Tim Moore

(December 9, 1887-December

13, 1958)

By Kavita Thakurdial

Tim Moore, best remembered

as George “Kingfish” Stevens

on the classic Amos ‘n’ Andy

series, died on December 13

of pulmonary tuberculosis in

Los Angeles, four days after

his birthday.

Moore was born on December

9, 1887 in Rock Island,

Illinois. He was married to

Vivian Gravens Moore.

He began his career dancing

on the sidewalks of his

hometown for money. He

entered the vaudeville circuit

when he teamed with Romeo

Washburn, another black

performer from Rock Island.

They became known as the

“Gold Dust Twins.”

Moore eventually went solo

and toured British music halls

for nearly two years. He

joined a medicine show that

played vacant lots across the

Midwest.

He made his Broadway debut

as the star of Lucky Sambo.

Unfortunately, the show

closed after only a few

performances.

He was very successful in

burlesque in the mid-1920s

and returned to vaudeville in

1927. He wrote all his material

and did some writing for other

performers.

One skit called Not a Fit Night

for Man nor Beast was bought

by W.C Fields. He also did

some writing for the radio

show of the Two Black Crows

comedy team.

In 1931, he and Andrew

Tribble performed one of their

funniest routines in Oscar

Micheaux’s first talking

picture The Darktown Revue.

In 1946, he starred as Bumpsie

in the musical comedy film

Boy! What a Girl!.

He also made some

appearances on Ed Sullivan’s

television show Toast of the

Town and at the Apollo

Theater.

There was no money to pay

for his hospital care or for his

funeral. He received his final

$65.00 residual payment from

Amos ‘n’ Andy in January

1958.

Mel Ott

(March 2, 1909-November 21,

1958)

By Kena Robele

Hall of Fame baseball player

Mel Ott died on November 21.

Ott was involved in an auto

accident in Bay Saint Louis,

Mississippi. He was

transferred to a hospital in

New Orleans where he was

pronounced dead after one

week.

Melvin Thomas Ott, born on

March 2, 1909, in Gretna, a

suburb of New Orleans. He

weighed 170 pounds and he

stood 5 feet and 9 inches tall.

He was an All-Star for eleven

consecutive seasons and was

the first National League

player to surpass 500 career

home runs.

In 1951 he was elected to the

National Baseball Hall of

Fame. Ott was a six-time

National League home run

leader. From 1928 to 1945 he

led the New York Giants in

home runs.

Historical News Rock 1958 Year-IN-Review: Obituaries

He was the youngest player to

hit 100 home runs.

Because of his power hitting,

he was noted for reaching base

via the base on balls. He drew

five walks in a game three

times.

On October 1929, he set the

National League record for

most walks in a doubleheader

with six and was able to keep

that record for 15 years.

In 1943, all of his 18 home

runs came at home.

In 1951, Ott succeeded Chuck

Dressen as manager of the

Oakland Oaks of the Pacific

Coast League, leading the club

to an 80-88 finish.

Ott was elected to the Baseball

Hall of Fame in 1951 with

87% of the vote. He was one

of only six National League

Players to spend 20+ year

career with one team.

Pal

(June 4, 1940-June 18, 1958)

By Liban Warsame

Pal, the first animal actor to

play the iconic collie Lassie,

died on June 18 of natural

causes.

Pal was born at Cherry

Osborne's Glamis Kennels in

North Hollywood on June 4,

1940. Pal was the son of Red

Brucie and Bright Bauble both

of Glamis.

Howard Peck, an animal

trainer, brought Pal to a

Hollywood to work with

animal trainer Rudd

Weatherwax. After working

with the dog, Weatherwax

gained control of the barking

but was not able to control Pal

of his motorcycle-chasing

habit.

Peck was disappointed with

the results and gave the dog to

Weatherwax in exchange for

the money.

Weatherwax gave the dog to a

friend, but when he learned

that Pal was going to be in

Lassie Come-Home, he

bought Pal back from his

friend for $10.

Peck tried to get Pal back after

he became famous but he

could not get him back

because Weatherwax had legal

ownership.

Tyrone Power

(May 5, 1914-November 15,

1958)

By Daniel Avre

Well-known and beloved actor

Tyrone Power passed away in

Valdespartera, Spain on

November 15th, 1958.

His tragic death came at just

the age of 44. Not surprisingly

he died by the same illness

that his father died from.

At the time, Power was ilming

Solomon and Sheba directed

by King Vidor and co-starring

Gina Lollobrigida.

During filming, a dueling

scene with his friend and co-

star George Sanders, he was

stricken with a massive heart

attack.

His unfortunate death,

according to Juan Olaguíbel,

was attributed to fulminant

angina pectoris which is chest

pain and pressure due to the

lack of blood flow to the heart.

His funeral was at Hollywood

Forever Cemetery in Los

Angeles, California. Despite

his death the very handsome

talented actor recalled by

many will forever carry a

great legacy as an actor during

his time.

Born in Cincinnati, Ohio in

1914 he was son to Helen

Emma and former stage and

screen actor Tyrone Power Sr.

Named after his dad, he would

also follow in the footsteps of

him becoming an actor.

Through his father’s first

cousin, he was related to

William Tyrone Guthrie

founder of the Guthrie Theater

in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Following along in acting

through the roots of his

family, he began his acting

career upon high school

graduation by joining his

father to learn from one of the

most respected actors of the

time.

After his dad’s death in his

arms, it motivated his passion

and pursuit to become an

actor. After troubling years on

starting his acting career he

took a friend’s advice to go to

New York and do stage acting

on Broadway.

Tris Speaker

(April 4, 1888-December 8,

1958)

By Misha Donnelly

Beloved American baseball

player Tris Speaker died of a

heart attack in Lake Whitney,

Texas. The 70 year old was

with his friend pulling their

boat to the dock after a fishing

trip.

Born on April 4, 1888 in

Hubbard, Texas, Speaker

always had a love of baseball.

In 1905, he played a year of

college baseball. Before

joining becoming a

professional player, Speaker

worked on a ranch.

Speaker’s mother tried to steer

him away from professional

baseball, saying it reminded

her of slavery. She would

rather have him stay home or

work in a farming business.

He played for the Texas

Buffaloes, and later was sold

to the Boston Americans for

$800. After playing for the

Americans, he played for the

Boston Red Sox.

He had a marvelous career

with many good plays. Then,

he transferred to the Cleveland

Indians.

He was a great baseball player

for every team, creating a

name as “The best player in

the American League” by

1916.

He will always be

remembered in our hearts and

his baseball legacy will be

continued forever.

Harry Warner

(December 12, 1881-July 25,

1958)

By Owen Larson

Harry M. Warner, known as

one of the Warner Brothers

fame died on July 25.

He was originally born in

Krasnosielc, Poland on

December 12, 1881as Hirsz

Mojzesz Wonsal. He came to

the United States in 1889,

when the family Anglicized

their name to “Warner.”

He produced many movies

during 1920-1930, including

The Aero-Nut and Moby

Dick.

He died in Los Angeles,

California from a blockage of

blood to the brain.

John B. Watson

(January 9, 1878-September

25, 1958)

By Paige Offerdahl

American psychologist John

Broadus Watson, who

established the psychological

school of behaviorism, died on

September 25 at the age of 80.

He was born January 9, 1878

in Travelers Rest, South

Carolina. His parents were

Pickens Butler and Emma

Kesiah Watson. His mother

was very religious and was

against smoking and drinking.

She forced him to try and

become as religious like her,

which later John decided to be

an Atheist.

His dad was a drunk, and left

when he was 13 to go live

with two Indian women.

Watson's mother sold their

farm and moved to Greenville,

in hope for a better life.

Moving from a rural area to a

big city made Watson

experience a lot of different

types of people, which he later

uses to pursue his theories in

psychology.

He knew college was

important to have a successful

career. He had run ins with the

law while in high school. He

was arrested twice, first for

fist fighting and then for

discharging firearms within

city limits.

His mother’s connections

gained him admission to

Furman University. He

entered college at age 16 and

left at age 21 with a Master’s

Degree.

After graduating he worked at

a one classroom school known

as “Batesburg Institute.” He

was the principal, janitor and

handyman.

Watson entered the University

of Chicago, where he began

studying philosophy under

John Dewey. The influence of

many professors led Watson’s

approach to the analysis of

behavior, he would call

“behaviorism.”

Watson was best known for

his theory of behaviorism and

applying it to child

development. He strongly

believed a child's environment

is the factor that shapes

behavior over their genetic

makeup or natural

temperament.