M.ED -TOPICS

HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL

ECONOMY OF EDUCATION IN

INDIA

HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL ECONOMY OF EDUCATION IN INDIA

UNIT –II EDUCATION IN ANCIENT INDIA

PRESENTED BY R.INDHUMATHI

UNIT -II EDUCTION IN ANCIENT INDIA

JAIN SYSTEM OF EDUCATION AND ITS EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS

MEANING - JAINISM Jainism – The word jainism finds its root ‘jina’ which means ‘conquerer’ . As a school of religion ,its is much older than Buddhism. Jainism is popularly ascribed to Mahavira (599-527 B.C),although according to orthodox view jainism is eternal and periodically revealed by Tirthankaras –path finders,Rishbhadeva being the first and Mahavira,

TEACHING METHOD

MEANING Mahavira renounced the palace, property and the family . He is said to have practiced austerities for about 12 years. Like Buddhism , Jainism also repudiates Vedic authority, refuses to believe in God and advocates that human

JAINISM

Life is full miseries. As it believes in the existence of some immortal souls,

It differs from Buddhism . Further it supports the concept of ‘Brahman’

Hence Jainism could be considered as a midway between Vedic religion and Buddhism

IMPORTANT PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHTS OF JAINISM

1.The universe is brought under two categories – ‘Jiva’ and ‘Ajiva’ – the conscious and the unconscious sprit

‘Jiva’ can be compared to ‘Athman’It is capable of expansion and contraction

Reality is of many (Anekanthavada) and confined to a single entity .

He who knows all the qualities of one thing, knows all the qualities of all things. Human knowledge is relative and limited

Reality is unity in difference and difference in unity

Jainism emphasizes the partial views

It is called ‘Syathvada’……………

Ignorance is the cause of bondage.

Right knowledge leads to liberation or ‘Nirvana’.

Along with ‘Right knowledge’, Right Faith’, and Right conduct’ constitute the three jewels of Jainism

So Jainism is primarily ethicals

• ‘Right conduct’ implies 5 abstinences:1.Non - stealing2.Non – Utterance of lies3.Ahimsa(Non – violence)4.Celibacy and renunciation.

The last two are not for the laymen; They are meant for the saints. For laymen they are replaced by ‘Purity’ and

‘Satisfaction’

The final aim is the full development of personality individual and social aspects of personality are equally emphasized. Jainism is a religion of self- help It denies the existence of a separate God

But considers every liberated soul as God.Jainism gives total freedom of expression to man

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF JAINISMDevelopment of the personality of each individual student is the aim of education

Jainism does not have any predetermined absolute goals

It believes in the development of the selfs

Knowledge is relative. By knowing the different parts one may hope to get all about one , relatively

The moral aspect of the individual’s growth in terms of right conduct was emphasized

The spiritual aspect , was stressedMother tongue was the medium of instruction

Curriculum was based on the three Ratnas – right knowledge and right conduct. Debate and discussion were used as the methods of instruction Memorization was given a prime place in learning

Residential living of the pupils , along with the teacher was stressed

GREETINGS

My sincere thanks to Prof.K.Nagarajan, Dr.T.Mrunalini and also to www.kamat.com

REFRENCES Prof . k. Nagarajan - Education in the Emerging Society.(July,2010)p29

Dr . T. Mrunalini – Philosophical Foundations of Education.(2008)p140

Gurukulas Images taken by www.kamat.com

THANK YOU