Histology of heart disease
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![Page 1: Histology of heart disease](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062307/556b0ef4d8b42ae47d8b4dce/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Some Histological Some Histological Appearances of Heart Appearances of Heart
DiseaseDiseaseA macroscopic and microscopic view of
some examples of heart diseasesDr Brian Mitchelson
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The human heart - normal
Thick muscular walls to pump blood around the whole body
Small volume of blood
Left ventricle
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Seriously not normal-not normal- dilated cardio-myopathy
Very thin muscle walls
Large volume, with thin muscle walls the heart struggles to pump this volume of blood around the body
Left ventricle
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An H&E stained slide of normal heart muscle
Normal bundles of heart muscle fibres
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This slide is stained to show areas of fibrosis following any damage to the heart muscle
Areas of fibrosis show up as bright red fibres
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A slide from the abnormal heart
This shows pale bands of fibrosis in the diseased heart following an infarction (Heart Attack)
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A higher powered view
Heart muscle fibres
Pale areas of fibrosis
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Specially stained to show the fibrosis
The bright red fibres are the fibrosed areas of heart muscle
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A High magnification of the fibrosis
Heart muscle
FIBROSIS
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The problems caused by Fibrosis
The fibres replace the working heart muscles, so the already thin wall of the heart has even less ability to contract and pump blood around the body.The fibres are relatively rigid compared to the contractile heart muscles preventing the muscles from contracting fully.
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Coronary ArteriesCoronary Arteries
The problems caused by high cholesterol
diets.
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A good arteryA good artery
Thin black elastic fibres lining the inside of the artery
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A reasonably good Coronary Artery
The artery walls are not significantly thickened and the lumen of the vessel is not significantly blocked
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The same artery stained to show elastic fibres in the wall of the
artery
Black elastic fibres
The start of a cholesterol build-up
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A very poor coronary artery
Artery outer wall
Original inner wall
Blood space
Blockage caused by hard calcified cholesterol
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The same artery stained to show the outline of the original artery wall
The original inner wall
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The loss of elastic fibres in the artery
Barely visible black elastic fibres of the original inner lining
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A loss of elastic fibres in some areas of the artery
Loss of the black elastic fibres
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Some other abnormalities
The following slides show some of the other abnormalities and
diseases which we can find in the heart
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An antibody used to help indicate rejection in a heart transplant
The brown staining antibody can normally be seen, in small amounts, in the tiny vessels of the heart muscle
This transplanted heart does not show signs of rejection
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Severe rejection
This biopsy shows severe rejection problems where almost all the vessels show heavy antibody staining
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A very rare genetic disease
The bright red stained fibres are heart muscle cells now filled with a neutral fat
NEUTRAL LIPID STORAGE DISEASE
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Heart ValvesHeart Valves
Heart valves prevent the blood from flowing back into the chambers of the heartThe valves are subject to wear and tear over the years and either become floppy or calcified and then fail to work effectivelyBad teeth, bleeding gum disease or recreational drug use can severely damage these valves.
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Normal and Abnormal Valves
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A fairly normal valveA fairly normal valve
A badly infected A badly infected valve segmentvalve segment
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Normal and Abnormal Valves
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This valve is fairly normalThis valve is fairly normal
Infected areaInfected area
An ABNORMAL VALVEAn ABNORMAL VALVE
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The possible effects of poor The possible effects of poor teeth or injecting heroin etcteeth or injecting heroin etc
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Necrotic DEAD tissueNecrotic DEAD tissue
Colonies of BacteriaColonies of Bacteria
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Viral Myocarditis
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Necrotic dead heart muscleNecrotic dead heart muscle
Heart muscle fibresHeart muscle fibres
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Amyloid DiseaseAmyloid Disease
This disease is a result of chronic long-term illness such as Rheumatoid arthritis, but may also occur spontaneously.Amyloid is an abnormal protein which forms in the tissues: sometimes called wear and tear protein.This protein can form deposits in the heart muscle and causes problems for the muscle contraction.
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A slide showing a heart muscle biopsy stained to show the presence of Amyloid
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Heart muscle fibres
Blue staining amyloid protein invading the heart muscle
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A Higher powered view of the displacement of the heart muscle
by amyloid
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THE ENDTHE ENDThank you for your attention.
If you have any questions please ask
Dr Brian Mitchelson.