Hindrances related to rules and regulation regarding appointments, of teachers and service conditions and measures to overcome those.

STRENGTHS OF HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN INDIA India is third largest in terms of college

enrollments, with 12.8 million students after CHINA and USA.

It uses English as a primary language of higher education and research.

There are small numbers of high quality institutions, departments and centers which can form basis of quality education in higher education.

WEAKNESS OF INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM India educate just 14 million of its young

population in higher education compared to half a million in developed countries.

India's colleges have become large, under funded ungovernable.

The rise in number of part time teachers and freeze on appointments of full time teachers have affected the moral of academic profession.

STATUS OF VACANCIES IN UNIVERSITIES Table 1:vacant positions of professors ,readers and

lecturers in sample university (SOURCE-UGC report 2007-2008)

Total Total sanctionedsanctioned

Total filledTotal filled Total Total vacantvacant

%vacancy%vacancy NN

Prof.Prof. 24692469 13671367 11021102 44.63%44.63% 4545

Read.Read. 45064506 21942194 23122312 51.31%51.31% 4646

Lect.Lect. 96049604 45034503 51015101 53.11%53.11% 4444

TotalTotal 1657916579 80648064 85158515 51.36%51.36%

STATUS OF VACANCIES IN COLLEGES TABLE 2:vacant positions of readers and lecturers in

sample colleges.( SOURCE UGC REPORT 2007-2008) READERS LECTURERS

No.No. SancSanc Vac.Vac. %% No.No. SancSanc Vac.Vac. %%

Govt Govt 179179 17791779 333333 1919 340340 61016101 25712571 4242

AideAidedd 171171 20182018 317317 1616 609609

1234123466 49884988 4040

Non Non aid.aid. 0909 150150 4242 2828 3636 814814 423423 5252

totaltotal 359359 39473947 692692 1818 9859851926192611 79827982 4141

PART TIME/CONTRACT TEACHERS HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN INDIA

SUFFERS FROM SHORTAGES OF TEACHERS. ACC. TO UGC REPORT RATIO OF PART TIME

LECTURERS TO REGULAR LECTURERS IS 0.24,FOR ALL TYPES OF UNIVERSITIES PUT TOGETHER.

IT IS 0.32 FOR STATE UNIVERSITIES, AND 0.20 FOR DEEMED UNIVERSITIES.

AND RATIO IS 0.20 FOR DEEMED UNIVERSITIES.

IN PLAIN TERMS ,IN STATE UNIVERSITIES THERE IS ONE PARTONE PART TIME OR AD HOC TEACHER FOR EVERY 3 REGULAR 3 REGULAR LECTURERSLECTURERS.

AND ONE SUCHONE SUCH LECTURER FOR EVERY 5 5 REGULAR LECTURERREGULAR LECTURER IN DEEMED UNIVERSITIES.

HINDERENCES IN QUALITY EDUCATION IN INDIA Highly bureaucratized system, with multiple

controls, and regulation exercised by central and state governments, statutory bodies (UGC, AICTE and others)

System is highly subsidized by the governments with 90% of operating cost borne by state governments. The efficiency of fund utilization is very poor due to internal rigidities.

Most institutions offer outdated programs with inflexible structures and content.

Infrastructural facilities range from inadequate to dismal. Classrooms are often unattractive and laborites poorly stocked. it is estimated that barely 20% of the institutions have the basic minimum laboratory equipments.

MEASURES TO OVERCOME THESE HINDRACES

AS PER THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF UGC STATE LEVEL COUNCILS SHOULD COME INTO FORCE TO ACT AS A LINK BETWEEN CENTRE AND STATE.

QUALIFIED TEACHING STAFF SHOULD BE RETAINED BY OPENING OF FREEZE IN APPOINTMENTS OF FULL TIME LECTURERS.

SALARY STRUCTURE OF PART TIME/AD HOC LECTURERS SHOULD NOT BE LEFT AT THE MERCY OF AFFLIATED COLLEGS.

THANK YOU