Himanshu Pandey Project Report

8/8/2019 Himanshu Pandey Project Report

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INSTITUTE OF MANGEMENT AND STUDIES Page 1

Summer Training Report

On

A STUDY OF POST RECESSION EFFECTS ON THE DEMAND OF NOKIA E- SERIES

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the Award of the Diploma of

Post Graduate Diploma in Management

(Session 2009-11)

Submitted to: Submitted By: HIMANSHU PANDEY

Faculty Name: HARKIRANJEET KAUR Student Name: HIMANSHU PANDEY

Internal Guide : HARKIRAN JEET KAUR Roll No: PGD09182

IST YEAR

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, NOIDA

A UGC Recognized Institute

A-8B, Plot C, Sector-62, Noida


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CertificatefromtheCompany

The project report titled A STUDY OF POST RECESSION EFFECTS ON THE

DEMAND OF NOKIA E- SERIES submitted by Mr. /Ms. HIMANSHU PANDEY,

(Roll No- PGD09082)

Signature Signature

(MR. NERAJ MATRATHE) (MR. R.B. TRIPATHI)

(Name of Co-Guide) (Name of Guide)

Date- / /2010


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Certificatefrom Internal Guide

The project report titled A STUDY OF POST RECESSION EFFECTS ON THE

DEMAND OF NOKIA E- SERIES submitted by Mr. /Ms. HIMANSHU PANDEY,

(Roll No- PGD09082)

Signature Signature

(HARKIRANJEET KAUR) (RITU SHARMA)

(Name of Co-Guide) (Name of Guide)

Date: - / /2010


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TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO

1. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 9

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 10

3. RESEARCH DESIGNE 11

4. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY


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OBJECTIVES

To analysis how we can increase the sales of nokia e-series product. To know about customer satisfaction level toward recession. To analysis customer perception about nokia e- series To analysis of effect on recession on nokia e series product. To study about recession

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methods may be understood as those methods/techniques that are used forconduction of research. All those methods which are used by the researcher during the


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course of studying his research problem, are termed as research methods. Keeping in

view, the research methods can be put into following three groups:

In the first group we include those methods which are concerned with thecollection of data. These methods will be used where the data already

available are sufficient to arrive at the required solution.

The second group consists of those statistical techniques which are used toestablish relationships between the data and the unknown.

The third group consists of those methods which are used to evaluate the accuracy of the

obtained results. This type of analysis helps the management of the company to plan its

future polices according to the external environment. Any sound research must have a

proper design to achieve the required result, this studied constructed on the basis of

descriptive design.

The methodology, I have adopted for my study is the various tools, which basically

analyze critically economical position of to the nokia series

RESEARCH DESIGN

To conduct the market research first of all it is necessary to create a research design. A

research design is basically a blue print of how a research is to be conducted, it may

include;

1. CHOOSING THE APPROACH2. DETERMINING THE TYPES OF DATA NEEDED.


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Research Design

ExploratoryConclusion

CasualDescriptive

ObservationSurvey Experiment

3. LOCATING THE SOURCE OF DATA.4. CHOOSING A METHOD OF DATA.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

Following limitations were encountered while preparing this project:

y Lack of experience

y Short time duration

y Lack of proper supervision

y Small sample size


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y Lack of resources

CHAPTER NO-1


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PROFILE OF BPCL

PROFILE OF THE BPCL COMPANY

Bharat PetroleumCorporation Limited (BPCL) is engaged in the petroleum industry

in India. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010 (fiscal 2010), the aggregate

refinery throughput at BPCL's Refineries at Mumbai and Kochi and that of its subsidiary

company, Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) was 23.03 million metric tons (MMT).

The Company is engaged in downstream petroleum sector, which consists of refining and

marketing activities. BPCL holds 61.65% interest in NRL as on March 31, 2010. Bharat

PetroResources Limited (BPRL) is a 100% subsidiary of the Company. The exploration

and production activities of BPRL and its subsidiary companies extend to 26 explorationblocks where they hold participating interests (PI). Of this, nine blocks are in India and

17 are abroad. Besides India, BPRL has blocks in Australia, Brazil, East Timor,

Indonesia, Mozambique and the United Kingdom.

Bharat PetroleumCorporation Limited (BPCL), a fortune 500 oil refining,exploration and marketing PSU with Navratna status. Following nationalization in 1976,


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BPCL changed its gears and embarked upon a Rapid growth path. Turnover, profitability

and financial reserves grew by leaps and bounds.

Lifeat BPCL

For Bharat Petroleum, commitment of its employees is a critical resource. Fully realizingthat only a satisfied employee will put his best foot forward with the customers, BharatPetroleum has taken many steps to make the organization a Great Place to Work.

Bharat Petroleum fosters effective value-based HR processes for development of peopleand their organizational capabilities with a view to provide them with a competitive edgeand also to realize their personal vision in tandem with the corporate vision. The thrust

areas include:

y Performance Management which links business goals with individualperformance goals.

y Recognizing competencies and capabilities of the staff through CompetencyModeling to help identify and place the right person in the right job.

y Identifying competency gaps and bridging such gaps through appropriate trainingand developmental programmes.

y Multi-skilling to encourage employees to take up new initiatives in the areas ofEnhanced Fuel Proposition, Add-on Stores, One Stop Truck Shops, Grocery andFast Food Stores.

y BoardofDirectors

Shri. S. Radhakrishnan

Chairman & ManagingDirector

Shri. R. K. Singh

Director (Refineries)

Shri. S. K. Joshi

Director (Finance)


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Shri S. Mohan

Director (Human

Resources)

Prof. S. K. Barua

Director

Mr. A. K. Sharma

Secretary (IP)

GovernmentofKerala

Industries (J) Department

Prof. N. Venkiteshwaran

Director

Shri P. K. Sinha

Additional Secretary &

Financial Advisor, MinistryofPetroleum & Natural

Gas

Shri. Haresh. M. Jagtiani

Director

Shri. I.P.S. Anand

Director

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Crude Imports


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The total crude requirement for BPCL and its group company is approximately 22

MMTPA. Part of the requirement, about 40%, is met out of indigenous crude productionby ONGC and OIL. Balance requirement is met through Imports on Term and Spot basis.

Term agreements are entered into with NOC on OSP basis. Spot cargoes are imported onneed basis through tender system. Tender invitations are only sent to counterparties whoare registered with BPCL. Companies interested in registering with BPCL for supply ofCrude Oil

Products

1. Imports

BPCL imports products depending upon the domestic demand supply scenario. BPCL ona regular basis imports its LPG requirements mainly from the Middle East. Occasionalthere are import requirements of Gasoil, Kerosene, Gasoline and Base Oil.

2. ExportsBPCL exports products from its refineries on a regular basis. The products which areexported regularly are Fuel Oil, Naphtha and Base Oil (Group II). Products exports aredone on both FOB and CFR basis.

Both import and export of products are done through tender. Tender invitations are onlysent to counterparties who are registered with BPCL. Companies interested in registering

with BPCL for buying/supplying products,

Ship Chartering

Shipping requirements; be it import/export or domestic coastal movement are handled bythe chartering desk. All the three types of chartering; viz. Time Charter, Spot Charter andCOA (Contract of Affreightment) are used to charter ships. Bharat Petroleum transportsnearly 15MMT of Crude Oil and Products annually. The process of enquiry throughwhich ships would be chartered is as under:

3. ProcessforChartering Ship

3.1 FloatingofEnquiry

y Enquiry will be floated to all the Indian Ship owners / Indian Ship brokersregistered with BPCL.

y Copies of all enquiries would be sent to DG (Shipping) and Indian National Shipowners Association (INSA), for obtaining mandatory No Objection Certificate(NOC) / Licenses.

y Enquiries would be floated through e-mail / fax.


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3.2 ReceiptofOffers

Receipt of offers shall be through either of the following modes:

y Dedicated email box with password protection. Separate mailboxes shall beprovided for receipt of offers against each enquiry.

y A dedicated fax in a locked room would also be available as an alternate mode.y Offers received by either of the above modes will be considered.y The offers will be printed / collated after the email box is opened at the designated

time for receipt of offers specified in the enquiry or on the expiry of the extendedtime as provided in sub-clause (g) of this clause, as the case may be.

y Unsolicited / Mid way offers (offers received after closing time) will not beconsidered.

y As a standard procedure, bidders will be required to submit hard copy of the offerand other related communications for records.

3.3 EvaluationofOffers

y The offers will be ranked on the basis of freight.y Demurrage rate and Other Terms and Conditions of the Charter Party (CP) will

also be evaluated.

3.4 Counter Offers / Negotiations

The process of Counter Offers / Negotiation is as under :

y No Indian Ship Ownerhasquoted :Negotiation will be held with all the technically acceptable bidders indicatingtheir respective ranking. Whereas a Firm Counter will be given to lowest (L1)bidder, the counter to all other bidders will be Open (i.e. Open 1, Open 2 etc.).

During negotiations, original rankings of the bidders can change depending upontheir response to the counter (s).

y Indian Ship Owner (s) hasalsoquoted :If offer (s) are received from Indian ship-owner (s), (Vessels belonging to IndianShip Owner flying the Indian Flag) , the Indian ship-owner(s) will have the firstright of refusal vis a vis the lowest offer received from Foreign ship owner, incompliance with government guidelines.


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o Indian Ship Owneris L1The counter shall be offered firm to the technically acceptable L1 Indianship-owner. Open counters would be offered to other technicallyacceptable Indian ship-owners and all technically acceptable foreign ship-owners. The respective rankings of all the bidders shall be disclosed.

If negotiations are successful with the foreign ship-owner, Indian ship-owner(s) will be asked to match the rate, failing which the ship will befixed with the foreign ship-owner.

o Indianship-ownerisnot L1The counter will be given firm to the technically acceptable L1 Indianship-owner and open to other technically acceptable Indian and foreignship-owners. The relative ranking of all ship-owners shall be disclosed.

3.5 Fixturesonsubjects

Once negotiations are concluded, the ship fixture will be confirmed on subjects with atime schedule, While the ship fixture is on subjects following activities will beundertaken:

yCharterers management approval

y Terminal/Supplier Acceptancey To arrange for license from DG (Shipping) in case of foreign shipsy Obtain record note of negotiations and Fixture Note from the broker / owner for

record.

All parties will provide record notes of all telephonic conversations.

3.6 Charter Party Agreement

Following Charter Party Agreements apply :

y Voyage Charter Party (VC for Foreign & Coastal) ASBATANKVOY withBPCL specific (Rider) Clauses.

y Time Charter Party (Foreign Voyages) SHELLTIME 4 / 3 (for LPG)y Coastal and Time Charter Party. Charter Party agreements developed by BPC and

in use.


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RiskManagement

y Price RiskManagementy BPCL hedges it refinery margins in the OTC swap market. The product cracks

hedged are Naphtha, Kerosene, Gas oil & HSFO. Hedging requirements forImport/Export cargoes are undertaken on need basis. Counterparties are made ofstrong mix of Banks, Traders and Oil Majors.

y All deals are done through tender. Tender invitations are only sent tocounterparties who are registered with BPCL and have signed ISDA. Companiesinterested in registering with BPCL for servicing its Risk Managementrequirements

3.7Marketing

At Bharat Petroleum, we understand your needs as customers and relentlessly worktowards fulfilling them, working consciously towards providing added value in fuel andnon-fuel areas. The Corporation offers products and services that have been designed tomeet the need gaps of its customers. And it is not easy as our customer base is a diverseone demanding of us to perform better and satisfy the needs of some of you who fly inthe air to the larger Indian populace who survive on Kerosene as their cooking fuel. It isour duty to return all of you a satisfied one

Fueling Automotives

Ensuring you reach your destination - Swiftly & conveniently.Vehicle owner`s are always on the lookout for new offerings as well for tips & pointers tokeep their vehicles in top shape. We at BPCL understand your requirements and haveconsistently tried to satisfy your needs. Information about all the high-class fuels for yourvehicle as well as the lubricants to keep your wheels running smoothly.

y Fuel and Servicesy Lubricants

Fueling Industries

To cater to Industries needs of fuels and other petrochemicals (used as raw materials forIndustries), Bharat Petroleums Industrial and Commercial Business Unit, commonlyknown as I&C SBU was formed. Currently I&C SBU caters to approx. 8000 industrialcustomers spread across all over the country. These include industries from the Public &


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Private sectors, of the core and non core segments and various Govt. establishments such

as Defense, Railways, State Transport Undertakings, State Electricity Boards etc.

y Productsy Services

Fueling Home

Bharatgas from Bharat Petroleum has dominated the LP Gas market in India for overthree decades. Today over 25 million homes in India, wake up each morning to enjoythe cup that cheers prepared on Bharatgas. Similarly, hundreds of commercial andindustrial establishments start their day, confident and secure, having entrusted their LPGas needs to Bharat Petroleum.

Fueling SkiesThe history of Indian Civil Aviation is synonymous with the history of Bharat PetroleumCorporation Ltd.(BPCL) -Aviation Service. BPCL has completed more than 75 years ofAviation Service. BPCL-Aviation Service is present at all the major gateways andother airports in the country rendering into-plane services to leading domestic andinternational airlines and operating the Aviation Fuelling Stations.

CHAPTER NO-2

RECESSION


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2.1 Meaningofrecession

RECESSION


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Recession is the result of reduction in the demand of products in the global market.

Recession can also be associated with falling prices known as deflation due to lack of

demand of products. Again, it could be the result of inflation or a combination of

increasing prices and stagnant economic growth in the west.

Recession in the West, especially the United States, is a very bad news for our country.

Our companies in India have most outsourcing deals from the US. Even our exports to

US have increased over the years. Exports for January have declined by 22 per cent.

There is a decline in the employment market due to the recession in the West. There has

been a significant drop in the new hiring which is a cause of great concern for us. Some

companies have laid off their employees and there have been cut in promotions,

compensation and perks of the employees. Companies in the private sector and

government sector are hesitant to take up new projects. And they are working on existing

projects only. Projections indicate that up to one crore persons could lose their jobs in thecorrect fiscal ending March. The one crore figure has been compiled by Federation of

Indian Export Organizations (FIEO), which says that it has carried out an intensive

survey. The textile, garment and handicraft industry are worse affected. Together, they

are going to lose four million jobs by April 2009, according to the FIEO survey. There

has also been a decline in the tourist inflow lately. The real estate has also a problem of

tight liquidity situations, where the developers are finding it hard to raise finances.

IT industries, financial sectors, real estate owners, car industry, investment banking and

other industries as well are confronting heavy loss due to the fall down of globaleconomy. Federation of Indian chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) found that

faced with the global recession, inventories industries like garment, gems, textiles,

chemicals and jewelers had cut production by 10 per cent to 50 per cent.

Meaningofrecession


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Recession is not to be confused with depression. Recession means a slow down or slump

or temporary collapse of a business activity. In its early stage it can be controlled in amethodical manner. Experience helps to avert total collapse. Unchecked, it leads to

severe depression. Depression is a dead end. It is time to close shop completely. It is a

total state of irrevocable economic failure. When a country is doing well all round its

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is on the rise.

Overall economy is bullish; it is not only the stock exchanges that tell riches to rags

stories but even small businesses. It all adds to the national exchequer. An economist is

likely to give a detailed, comprehensive definition of recession. But for the layman who

has been affected knows it only one way-when he loses his job and has no money to pay

his credit and loans. Recession is when the consumer faces foreclosure and the bankercomes knocking for his pound (or dollar) of flesh. Many companies and whole countries

go bankrupt for want of liquid funds and cash flow for even daily requirements.

If you look at it from the point of view of a businessman, recession is a transitory phase.

The Business Cycle Dating Committee of the National Bureau of Economic Research has

another definition. It profiles the businesses that have peaked with their activity in one

season and it falls naturally in the next season. It regains its original position with new

products or sales and continues to expand. This revival makes the recession a mild phase

that large companies tolerate. As the fiscal position rises, there is no reason to worry.

Recession can last up to a year. When it happens year after year then it is serious.Are we facing a recession or not? Yes, for the simple reason that not only our neighbors

but our friends are unemployed. There is less of business talk and more billing worries.

Transitory recessions are good for the economy, as it tends to stabilize the prices. It

allows run away bullish companies to slow down and take stock. There is a saying, when

its tough the tough get going. The weaker companies will not survive the brief recession

also. Stronger companies will pull through its resources. So when is it time to worry?

When you are facing a foreclosure, when the chips are down and out and creditors file

cases for recovery.

Firms face closures when they go through recession and are not able to recover fromlosses. If, at this time, they are not able to sustain their prices and stocks then there is

more trouble. Even when the recession period gets over, they will not be able to do well.

If a business survives a recession period they should be able to survive a depression. But

how many recession proof businesses are there? Who will eventually survive the

recession?


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1. Those that have been able to save their funds.2. Those who have not invested in fly-by-night companies.

3. Those who remain clam till the storm passes.

4. Those that take stock immediately and decide to reinvest in a recession proof business.

DEFINITION OF RECESSION

In a 1975New York Times article, economic statistician Julius Shiskin suggested several

rules of thumb for defining a recession, one of which was "two down quarters of GDP". [3]

In time, the other rules of thumb were forgotten,[4]

and a recession is now often definedsimply as a period when GDP falls (negative real economic growth) for at least two

quarters.[5][6] Some economists prefer a definition of a 1.5% rise in unemployment within

12 months.[7]

In the United States, the Business Cycle Dating Committee of the National Bureau of

Economic Research (NBER) is generally seen as the authority for dating US recessions.

The NBER defines an economic recession as: "a significant decline in [the] economic

activity spread across the country, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in

real GDP growth, real personal income, employment (non-farm payrolls), industrial

production, and wholesale-retail sales."[8] Almost universally, academics, economists, policy makers, and businesses defer to the determination by the NBER for the precise

dating of a recession's onset and end.

Recession Analysis

The recession curve is the specific part of the flood hydrograph after the crest (and the

rainfall event) where streamflow diminishes, refer Baseflow.

The slope of the recession curve flattens over time from its initial steepness as the

quickflow component passes and baseflow becomes dominant. A recession periodlastsuntil stream flow begins to increase again due to subsequent rainfall. Hence, recession

curves are the parts of the hydrograph that are dominated by the release of water from

natural storages, typically assumed to be groundwater discharge.Recession segments are

selected from the hydrograph and can be individually or collectively analysed to gain an

understanding of these discharge processes that make up baseflow. Graphical approaches


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have traditionally been taken but more recently analysis has focussed on defining an

analytical solution or mathematical model that can adequately fit the recession segments.

Causesofrecessions

y Currency crisisy Energy crisisy Wary Under consumptiony Overproductiony Financial crisisy Price of Fuels

Effectsofrecessions

y Bankruptciesy Credit crunchesy Deflation (or disinflation)y Foreclosuresy Unemployment

Stock market and recessions

Some recessions have been anticipated by stock market declines. In Stocks for the Long

Run, Siegel mentions that since 1948, ten recessions were preceded by a stock market

decline, by a lead time of 0 to 13 months (average 5.7 months), while ten stock market

declines of greater than 10% in the DJIA were not followed by a recession.

The real-estate market also usually weakens before a recession. However real-estate

declines can last much longer than recessions.

Since the business cycle is very hard to predict, Siegel argues that it is not possible to

take advantage of economic cycles for timing investments. Even the National Bureau of


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Economic Research (NBER) takes a few months to determine if a peak or trough has

occurred in the US.

During an economic decline, high yield stocks such as fast moving consumer goods,

pharmaceuticals, and tobacco tend to hold up better. However when the economy starts to

recover and the bottom of the market has passed (sometimes identified on charts as a

MACD), growth stocks tend to recover faster. There is significant disagreement about

how health care and utilities tend to recover. Diversifying one's portfolio into

international stocks may provide some safety; however, economies that are closely

correlated with that of the U.S. may also be affected by a recession in the U.S.

There is a view termed the halfway rule according to which investors start discounting an

economic recovery about halfway through a recession. In the 16 U.S. recessions since

1919, the average length has been 13 months, although the recent recessions have beenshorter. Thus if the 2008 recession followed the average, the downturn in the stock

market would have bottomed around November 2008.

Recession and politics

Generally an administration gets credit or blame for the state of economy during its time.

This has caused disagreements about when a recession actually started. In an economic

cycle, a downturn can be considered a consequence of an expansion reaching an

unsustainable state, and is corrected by a brief decline. Thus it is not easy to isolate the

causes of specific phases of the cycle.

The 1981 recession is thought to have been caused by the tight-money policy adopted by

Paul Volcker, chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, before Ronald Reagan took office.

Reagan supported that policy. Economist Walter Heller, chairman of the Council of

Economic Advisers in the 1960s, said that "I call it a Reagan-Volcker-Carter recession.

The resulting taming of inflation did, however, set the stage for a robust growth period

during Reagan's administration.

It is generally assumed that government activity has some influence over the presence or

degree of a recession. Economists usually teach that to some degree recession is

unavoidable, and its causes are not well understood. Consequently, modern governmentadministrations attempt to take steps, also not agreed upon, to soften a recession. They

are often unsuccessful, at least at preventing a recession, and it is difficult to establish

whether they actually made it less severe or longer lasting.

History of recessions


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Global recessions

There is no commonly accepted definition of a global recession, IMF regards periods

when global growth is less than 3% to be global recessions. The IMF estimates that

global recessions seem to occur over a cycle lasting between 8 and 10 years. During what

the IMF terms the past three global recessions of the last three decades, global per capita

output growth was zero or negative.

Economists at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) state that a global recession would

take a slowdown in global growth to three percent or less. By this measure, three periods

since 1985 qualify: 1990-1993, 1998 and 2001-2002.

According to economists, since 1854, the U.S. has encountered 32 cycles of expansions

and contractions, with an average of 17 months of contraction and 38 months of

expansion. However, since 1980 there have been only eight periods of negative economic

growth over one fiscal quarter or more, and four periods considered recessions:

y January-July 1980 and July 1981-November 1982: 2 years totaly July 1990-March 1991: 8 monthsy March 2001-November 2001: 8 monthsy December 2007-current: 15 months as of March 2009

From 1991 to 2000, the U.S. experienced 37 quarters of economic expansion, the longest

period of expansion on record.

For the past three recessions, the NBER decision has approximately conformed to the

definition involving two consecutive quarters of decline. However the 2001 recession did

not involve two consecutive quarters of decline, it was preceded by two quarters of

alternating decline and weak growth.

Since history seems to repeat itself, maybe we could learn something about the current possible

recession by studying the world recession history.

The markets moves in approximately 15 year cycles. The market goes up for 15 years then seems

to go sideways for the next 15 years. This growth & then consolidation pattern happens frequently

through out history.

Let's first consider the Dow Industrials index from 1930 through 1945.


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This period started with the great depression. We all know the effect the depression had on stock

values. The Dow lost over 88% of its value between 1929 and 1933. It made a nice rebound

following the depression. It increased 345% over the next 4 years. We will see there is a theme in

the recession / expansion cycle. Recessions are relatively short and can be very violent to investors

in the stock market. The expansion period following recessions are much longer and historically

quite good.

One thing you need to be extremely aware of. Numbers and percentages can be deceiving. We just

mentioned that the index lost 88 percent, but then gained 345%. Sounds like you made up all your

losses and then some. Not quite.

The dirty little secret to investment losses is this: if anybody loses 50% of his portfolio, then it

needs to make 100% just to break even. This is an ugly little fact, but lets looks at it in real life. If

someone had $100,000 and lost 50%, he would be left with only $50,000. How much do you have

to earn on your $50,000 to get back to even? You need to earn another $50,000. This is 100% of

what you currently have. You lost 50% and must gain 100% just to break even.

Now that some of the back ground work is complete lets look at the next 15 years, from 1945

through 1960. In 1955 the Dow finally got back to where it was before the great depression. This

was a very long 25 year wait. Imagine the poor retirees that retired before the depression and never

again regained their original portfolio value!

The last 15 years were mostly down then sideways (1930 through 1945). The next 15 year time

period (1945 thru 1960) had very mild recessions with the worst only causing a 15% drop in the

Dow. Overall, the Dow gained 267% over these 15 years. This is very good reward for a minimum

amount of risk. This leads us to the next 15 years, 1960 to 1975.

The 15 year cycle is definitely in effect. The last 15 years were very tame yet had a nice return.

These 15 years were not for the feint of heart. Gain was very little over the period, but volatility

was killer. The period started out with a wonderful 75% gain, but gave it all back by the end. The


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recessionary periods were very violent. The reward available in this market was much smaller than

the risk. It would have been nearly impossible to be a buy and hold investor and have stayed with

the market.

Thus far, we had a 15 year period that was horrible (1930-1945), one that was very nice (1945-

1960), then another horrible one (1960-1975). Without looking ahead, we might guess that the

next 15 year time period would be another nice one. The market consolidated over the last 15 years

and should be ready to move ahead again.

This period began with a 6 years of continued consolidation (going sideways), but when it was

done consolidating, it moved up very nicely. It moved from around 800 in 1982 to 2800 by 1990.

This represents a 250% increase for the period. The volatility for the period was pretty tame, at

least if you look at the volatility caused by recession. The largest pullback in value was the 1981 to

1982 recession which was about 18%. There was a large pullback in August of 1987 of about 30%,

but wasn't caused by recession and didn't take that long to be regained; all in all a very fruitful 15

years.

This would lead to believe that the next 15 years (1990 thru 2005) would be tumultuous again as

the market needs to digest its gains.

The roll the market had going continued for the first half of this period. It gained 300% in just 8

years. This was more in the first half than the others gained in their entire 15 year period. This

didn't go un-noticed however, and the market promptly took back a healthy 35% through the next

recessionary period. It took until mid way through 2006 to finally get back to even from the highs

seen in 1999. Once this was achieved, however, the Dow just kept going. It extended its gains

through the expansion period, hitting new highs once again.

This brings us to today. There is much talk about the beginning of another recession. We're at the

end of a period that should have shown consolidation, but instead had another large run up. This

run up wasn't without sizeable volatility. We've just broken a long term support line. I've drawn


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support lines through the years following recessions and had you sold when the support line was

broken, you would have been saved a lot of grief during the next recession.

In summary, It would be said that the recession history points to our next recession

causing havoc on the Dow and the global stock markets. When will the next recession be

or are we already in it?

Currentrecessioninsomecountries

Official economic data shows that a substantial number of nations are in recession as ofearly 2009. The US entered a recession at the end of 2007, and 2008 saw many othernations follow suit. United States

The United States housing market correction (a consequence of United States housing

bubbles) and sub prime mortgage crisis has significantly contributed to a recession.

The 2008/2009 recession is seeing private consumption fall for the first time in nearly 20

years. This indicates the depth and severity of the current recession. With consumer

confidence so low, recovery will take a long time. Consumers in the U.S. have been hard

hit by the current recession, with the value of their houses dropping and their pension

savings decimated on the stock market. Not only have consumers watched their wealth

being eroded they are now fearing for their jobs as unemployment rises.

U.S. employers shed 63,000 jobs in February 2008, the most in five years. Former

Federal Reserve chairman Alan Greenspan said on April 6, 2008 that "There is more than

a 50 percent chance the United States could go into recession.". On October 1, the Bureau

of Economic Analysis reported that an additional 156,000 jobs had been lost in

September. On April 29, 2008, nine US states were declared by Moody's to be in a

recession. In November 2008 Employers eliminated 533,000 jobs, the largest single

month loss in 34 years. For 2008, an estimated 2.6 million U.S. jobs were eliminated.

Although the US Economy grew in the first quarter by 1%, by June 2008 some analysts

stated that due to a protracted credit crisis and "rampant inflation in commodities such asoil, food and steel", the country was nonetheless in a recession. The third quarter of 2008

brought on a GDP retraction of 0.5% the biggest decline since 2001. The 6.4% decline in

spending during Q3 on non-durable goods, like clothing and food, was the largest since

1950. A Nov 17, 2008 report from the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia based on the

survey of 51 forecasters suggested that the recession started in April 2008 and will last 14

months. They project real GDP declining at an annual rate of 2.9% in the fourth quarter


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2010


and 1.1% in the first quarter of 2009. These forecasts represent significant downward

revisions from the forecasts of three months ago.

A December 1, 2008, report from the National Bureau of Economic Research stated that

the U.S. has been in a recession since December 2007 (when economic activity peaked),

based on a number of measures including job losses, declines in personal income, and

declines in real GDP.

Nokia has played a pioneering role in the growth of cellular technology in India, starting

with the first-ever cellular call a decade ago, made on a Nokia mobile phone over a

Nokia-deployed network.

Nokia started its India operations in 1995, and presently operates out of offices in New

Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata,Jaipur,Lucknow,Chennai, Bangalore, Pune and Ahmedabad.

The Indian operations comprise of the handsets business; R&D facilities in Bangalore

and Mumbai; a manufacturing plant in Chennai and a Design Studio in Bangalore.

Over the years, the company has grown manifold with its manpower strength increasing

from 450 people in the year 2004 to over 15000 employees in March 2008 (includingNokia Siemens Networks). Today, India holds the distinction of being the second largest

market for the company globally.


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2010


VISION & MISSION

Many organizations have attempted to redefine the business they are in, or even

streamline their growth in a specific direction. The merger of Brooke Bond with Lipton

India, the Glaxo Health Food Division being sold off to Heinz, the takeover of

Timesbank by HDFC or the take over of Kelvinator by Whirlpool are some recent

examples of organizations which have perhaps done some serious "soul-searching" and

taken bold strategic decisions. An interesting trend in recent times is that companies have

begun to define their "Vision/Mission Statement". A mission statement articulates the

philosophy of the company with respect to the business in specific and society in general.

Once the mission statement of the company is finalized and adapted, it provides a

readymade guideline to employees of the organization about its principles, policies and

practices.

It is important here to distinguish between "vision" and "mission" for the nokia e- series.

Vision is often referred to as "skyhooks for the soul". In fact, vision is that igniting spark

that can inspire and energise people to do better. The focus of vision is to reach out

hungrily for the future and drag it into the present. To quote Tom Peters, "Developing a

vision and living it vigorously are essential elements of leadership". The latest trend in

many nokia e- seriess is to apply the "VIP" approach i.e. "Vision Integrated Performance

Devices business

Nokia has established itself as the market and brand leader in the mobile devices market

in India. The company has built a diverse product portfolio to meet the needs of different


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2010


consumer segments and therefore offers devices across five categories ie. Entry, Live,

Connect, Explore and Achieve. These include products that cater to first time subscribersto advanced business devices and high performance multimedia devices for imaging,

music and gaming.

Nokia has been working closely with operators in India to increase the geographical

coverage and lower the total cost of ownership for consumers. Today, Nokia has one of

the largest distribution network with presence across 1,30,000 outlets. In addition, the

company also has Nokia Priority Dealers across the country and Nokia Concept stores

in Bangalore, Delhi, Jaipur, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Ludhiana, Chennai, Indore and

Mumbai to provide customers a complete mobile experience.

Services business

With the global launch of Ovi, the company's Internet services brand name, Nokia is

renewing itself to be at the forefront of the convergence of internet and mobility. From

being a product centric company, Nokia is now focusing to become solutions centric. The

strategic shift is built on Nokias bid to retain consumers and empower Nokia device

owners to realise the full potential of the Internet. Nokia will build a suite of Internet

based services like Nokia Maps, the Nokia Music Store and Nokia N-Gage around its Ovi

brand.

Infrastructure business

Nokia Siemens Networks is a leading global enabler of communications services. The

company provides a complete, well-balanced product portfolio of mobile and fixed

network infrastructure solutions and addresses the growing demand for services with

20,000 service professionals worldwide. Its operations in India include Sales &

Marketing, Research & Development, Manufacturing and Global Networks Solutions

Centre. Headquartered in Gurgaon, Nokia Siemens Networks has 47 offices and presencein over 170 locations across the country.

R & D centers

Nokia has three Research & Development centers in India, based in Bangalore and

Mumbai. These R&D hubs are staffed by engineers who are working on next-generation


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2010


packet-switched mobile technologies and communications solutions to enhance corporate

productivity.

The Center in Bangalore, the biggest R&D site in the country comprises S60 Software

Organization, Common Technologies, Next Generation now called Maemo Software,

Productization and Software & Services.

Design Studio

Nokia has set up its first Design Studio in Bangalore in partnership with Srishti School of

Art, Design and Technology. The first of its kind, the design studio will give Nokia

designers and Indias talented youth the opportunity to work together on new design

ideas for India and the global markets.

Manufacturing in India

Nokia has set up its mobile device manufacturing facility in Chennai, India to meet the

burgeoning demand for mobile devices in the country. The manufacturing facility is

operational with an investment of USD 210 million and currently employs 8000 people.

Nokia has recently announced fresh investments to the tune of US $ 75 million towards

its manufacturing plant in Sriperumbudur, Chennai for the year 2008.

Some Achievements for Nokia

y Ranked No 1 Most Trusted Brand Survey by Brand Equity, 2008y Ranked the No 1. MNC in India by Businessworld, Indias leading business

weekly, 2006

y Ranked as the No. 1 telecommunications equipment vendor in the country byVoice & Data for five consecutive years 2008, 2007, 2006,2005 and 2004

y Ranked as the 9th most powerful brand by Millward Browns BrandZ 2008y Ranked worlds 4th most valuable brand by Interbrand, 2007y Ranked Asias most trusted brand by the Media-Synovate, 2006

Nokia is a Finland-based company, established in 1865. The company is a leader in

mobile communications. It has an employee base of around 58,874. It has 14

manufacturing facilities located in China, UK, Finland, Hungary, Germany, Mexico,

Brazil, and the Republic of Korea. Its Research & Development centers are located in

Japan and China.


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2010


Nokiaproducts

Introductionnokiae-series


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2010


Financial Performance

2006

EUR m

2005

EUR m

Change % Revised*

2004

EUR m

Net sales 41 12134 191 20 29 371

Operating profit 5 488 4 639 18 4 326

Profit before taxes 5 723 4 971 15 4 705

Net profit 4306 3 616 19 3 192

Research and development 3 897 3 825 2 3 776


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2010


The Nokia Eseries SDK Plug-ins [1] enable developers to take full advantage of the

additional features present in such Nokia Eseries enterprise-grade devices as the NokiaE55 messaging device and Nokia E75 business smartphone. Each Nokia Eseries SDK

Plug-in enhances and extends a specific S60 3rd Edition SDK.

With the plug-ins, C++ applications can be developed and tested in an SDK emulator.

Each SDK plug-in includes the APIs for using the features that have been added to Nokia

Eseries devices, such as printing and the e-mail LED, along with device skins for the

SDK emulators. Use of the APIs is supported by comprehensive documentation and

example applications.

A Nokia Eseries SDK plug-in, used in combination with the appropriate S60 3rd Edition

SDK, provides all the tools required to build and test enterprise applications for Nokia

Eseries devices.

Nokia Eseries SDK Plug-in for the S60 3rd Edition, Feature Pack 2 SDK for

Symbian OS

Features

Printingframework

The printing framework enables developers to create new or update existing applications

with the capability to produce hard copy via an external printer. The emulator supportsthe testing and debugging of applications that need printing capabilities. In S60 3rd

Edition, Feature Pack 2 Eseries devices, the printing framework has been updated with a

new AIW interface, which simplifies the addition of printing features to S60 applications

for Nokia Eseries devices.

E-mail LED API

The E-mail LED API allows applications to initiate blinking of the e-mail LED that is

present on certain Eseries devices via the Central Repository using the Symbian Publish

and Subscribe API. When initiated, the e-mail LED blinks in accordance with the

devices preference settings

Products


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2010


Nokia E65 - Specifications - Nokia India

Get detailed information about the Nokia E65 specifications. Nokia E65 incorporates a

long battery life, 3G, quad-band calling, and multiple messaging options into a slim,

stylish design with dedicated One Touch keys.

Nokia 6151 - Specifications - Nokia India

Get detailed information about the Nokia 6151 specifications. No matter how fancy, a

phone is still, above all, a phone: a trustworthy, convenientway for you to stay in touch

with the people who matter to you at home, at the office, and abroad.

Nokia E5 - Products

Nokia E5: connect to colleagues and friends through IM, email and your favourite online

social networks.

Nokia 6270 - Nokia India

Discover the Nokia 6270: a reliable, intuitive phone that keeps you close to the people

that matter. Classic design meets proven technology. The luxurious Nokia 6270 phone

boasts an impressive 2 megapixel camera and excellent features, all packed in a stylish

metal casing.

1209 - Specifications - 65,000 Color Vibrant Display Screen Phone with Prepaid Tracker

Applications

Get detailed information about the Nokia 1209 specifications. Highly affordable with apremium exterior, the Nokia 1209 is the ultimate choice of many first time users. The

convenient One Touch shortcut key takes you to message, calendar or phonebook

features and even a handy flash light.


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2010


PRODUCT NAME

The following table shows the skins and features supported by the plug-in for S60 3rd

Edition, Feature Pack 2 Eseries devices:

Device Skins

Printing

Framework

API

E-mail

LED

API

Nokia Eseries Device

Identification API

Nokia

E55

epoc_240x320.iniX X

Nokia

E75

epoc_240x320.ini with keypad

and 320x240.ini with QWERTY

keyboard

X X

Nokia E65 - Specifications - Nokia India

Get detailed information about the Nokia E65 specifications. Nokia E65 incorporates along battery life, 3G, quad-band calling, and multiple messaging options into a slim,stylish design with dedicated One Touch keys.

Nokia 6151 - Specifications - Nokia India

Get detailed information about the Nokia 6151 specifications. No matter how fancy, aphone is still, above all, a phone: a trustworthy, convenientway for you to stay in touchwith the people who matter to you at home, at the office, and abroad.


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2010


Nokia E5 - Products

Nokia E5: connect to colleagues and friends through IM, email and your favourite onlinesocial networks.

Nokia 6270 - Nokia India

Discover the Nokia 6270: a reliable, intuitive phone that keeps you close to the peoplethat matter. Classic design meets proven technology. The luxurious Nokia 6270 phoneboasts an impressive 2 megapixel camera and excellent features, all packed in a stylishmetal casing.

1209 - Specifications - 65,000 Color Vibrant Display Screen Phone with Prepaid TrackerApplications

Get detailed information about the Nokia 1209 specifications. Highly affordable with apremium exterior, the Nokia 1209 is the ultimate choice of many first time users. Theconvenient One Touch shortcut key takes you to message, calendar or phonebookfeatures and even a handy flash light.

Nokia E52 - Specifications

Nokia E52 is ideal for working on the move. It offers 3G, HSDPA/HSUPA and WLANinternet connectivity, excellent battery life and noise cancellation.

Nokia 1800 - Products

The Nokia 1800 comes with a built-in FM radio, preloaded Nokia Life Tools, and a rangeof other practical features.

Nokia 6500 slide - Specifications - Nokia India

Get detailed information about the Nokia 6500 slide specifications.


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2010


Nokia C5-00 - Features

The Nokia C5 mobile phone features social networking, email, IM, imaging, video,music, web browsing and pre-loaded maps in a beautiful, compact form.

Nokia 9300i - Applications - Nokia India

Mobile Sales Online provides scenarios tailored to the needs of sales representatives,sales managers, key account managers, and top management. Fujitsu mProcess BusinessProcess Mobilizer Fujitsu mProcess Solution is a business process automation toolset for

corporations wanting to more effectively and efficiently mobilize their operational mobilestaff; be it field force service engineers, sales people, logistics or health careprofessionals

Originalseries


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2010


Phone

model Screentype

Releas

ed S Technology Generation

Form

factor

Nokia

100Monochrome 1987 D NMT-900 1G Candybar

Nokia

101Monochrome 1992 D NMT-900 2G Candybar

Nokia

252Monochrome 1998 D AMPS/N-AMPS Unknown Candybar

Nokia

282Monochrome 1998 D AMPS/N-AMPS Unknown Clamshell

Nokia

636Monochrome 1995 D AMPS Unknown Candybar

Nokia

638Monochrome 1996 D AMPS Unknown Candybar

Nokia640

Monochrome 1999 D NMT-900 Unknown Candybar

Nokia

650Monochrome 1999 D NMT-900 Unknown Candybar

Nokia

810 (car

phone)

Monochrome 2003 D GSM Unknown Candybar

Nokia

918Monochrome

Unkno

wnD AMPS Unknown Candybar

Nokia

1000Monochrome 1992 D AMPS DCT1 Candybar


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2010


Nokia

1011 Monochrome 1992 D GSM DCT1

Candybar

First GSMphone

Nokia

RingoMonochrome 1995 D

TACS/ETACS/NMT-

900DCT1 Candybar

] 10009000 series

Nokia 1000 series Ultra basicseries

The Nokia 1000 series include Nokia's most affordable phones. They are mostly targeted

towards developing countries and users who do not require advanced features beyond

making calls and SMS text messages, alarm clock, reminders, etc.

Phone

model Screentype

Releas

ed S

Technology/Fr

equency Formfactor

Images

Nokia

1006128 x 160 color 2009 P CDMA Candybar

Nokia

1100

96 x 65

Monochrome2003 D GSM Candybar

Nokia

1101

96 x 65


Nokia

1108

96 x 65


Nokia

1110

96 x 68 Inverse


Nokia1110i

96 x 68Monochrome

2006 D GSM Candybar

Nokia

1112

96 x 68



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2010


Nokia

1200

96 x 68


Nokia

1202

96 x 68

Monochrome2008 P GSM Candybar

Nokia

1203

96 x 68

Monochrome2009 P GSM Candybar

Nokia

1208

96 x 68 CSTN

(color super-twist

nematic)

2007 D GSM Candybar

Nokia

1209

96 x 68 pixels

CSTN

(color super-twist

nematic)

2007 D GSM Candybar

Nokia

1220

84 x 48

Monochrome2002 D TDMA/AMPS Candybar

Nokia

1221

84 x 48


Nokia

1260

84 x 48


Nokia

1261

84 x 48


Nokia

1280

96 x 68

Monochrome 2010 P GSM Candybar

Nokia

1600

96 x 68 16-bit

(65,536) Color2006 D GSM Candybar

Nokia Monochrome 1996 D GSM Candybar


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2010


1610

Nokia

1611Monochrome 1997 D GSM Candybar

Nokia

1616

128 x 160

(65,536) Color2010 P GSM Candybar

Nokia


Nokia1630

Monochrome 1998 D GSM Candybar

Nokia


Nokia

1650(65,536) Color 2008 P GSM Candybar

Nokia

1661

128 x 160


Nokia

1662

128 x 160


Nokia

1680

classic

128 x 160


Nokia

1800

128 x 160

(65,536) Color 2010 P GSM Candybar

Nokia 3000 series Expressionseries

The Nokia 3000 series are mostly mid-range phones targeted towards the youth market.

Some of the models in this series are targeted towards young male users, in contrast with

the more unisex business-oriented 6000 series and the more feminine fashion-oriented

7000 series. Feature wise, the 3000 series slot between the 2000 and 6000 series.


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2010


Phone

model Screentype

Released

S Technology

Generatio

n

Nokia

3100

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)

Color2003 D GSM DCT4

Nokia

3105

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)

Color2003 D CDMA2000 1x DCT4

Nokia

3108

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)


Nokia

3109

classic

128 x 160 18-bit

(262,144)2007 D

GSM/EDGE/HSCS

DBB5.0

Nokia

3110Monochrome 1997 D GSM DCT2

Nokia

3110classic

128 x 160 18-bit(262,144) 2007 D GSM/EDGE/HSCSD BB5.0

Nokia

3120

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)


Nokia

3125

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)

Color2004 D CDMA2000 1x DCT4

Nokia

3120

classic

240 x 320 (16M) Color 2008 P WCDMA/GSM -

Nokia

3128

128 x 160 18 bit (65,536)

Color

96 x 64 16 bit (4,096)

2004 D GSM DCT4


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2010


Color (external)

Nokia

3152

128 x 160 18-bit

(262,144) Color

96 x 65 Monochrome

(external)

2005 D CDMA2000 1x DCT4

Nokia

3155

128 x 160 18-bit

(262,144) Color

96 x 65 Monochrome

(external)

2005 D CDMA2000 1x DCT4

Nokia

3200

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)


Nokia

3205

128 x 128 12-bit (4096)

Color2004 D

CDMA2000

1x/AMPSDCT4

Nokia

321084 x 48 Monochrome 1999 D GSM DCT3

Nokia3220

128 x 128 16-bit (65,536)Color

2004 D GSM DCT4

Nokia

3230

176 x 208 16-bit (65,536)


Nokia

3250

176 x 208 18-bit

(262,144) Color2005 D GSM BB5.0

Nokia

3280 84 x 48 Monochrome 2001 D CDMA/AMPS DCT3

Nokia

328584 x 48 Monochrome 2001 D CDMA/AMPS DCT3

Nokia 128 x 128 12-bit (4096) 2003 D GSM DCT4


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2010


3300 Color

Nokia


Nokia


Nokia

332084 x 48 Monochrome 2001 D TDMA/AMPS DCT3

Nokia3330


Nokia


Nokia

336084 x 48 Monochrome 2001 D TDMA/AMPS DCT3

The Nokia 5000 series are similar in features to the 3000 series, but often contain more

features towards active individuals. Many of the 5000 series phones feature a ruggedconstruction or contain extra features for music playback.

Phonemodel

number Screentype

Relea

sed S

Technolo

gy Formfactor Camera

Nokia 5000 240 x 320(65,000) Color

2008 P GSM Candybar 1.3 MP

Nokia 5030

XpressRadio

128 x 160 16 bit

(65,536) Color2009 P GSM Candybar None

Nokia 5070 128 x 160 16-bit 2007 D GSM Candybar VGA(0.3


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2010


(65,536) Color MP)

Nokia 5100128 x 128 12-bit

(4096) Color2003 D GSM Candybar None

Nokia 511084 x 48

Monochrome1998 D GSM Candybar None

Nokia 512084 x 48

Monochrome1998 D

TDMA/A

MPSCandybar None

Nokia 5125 84 x 48Monochrome

1998 D TDMA/AMPS

Candybar None

Nokia 513084 x 48


Nokia 5130

XpressMusic

240 x 320

(256,000) Color2008 D GSM Candybar 2.0 MP

Nokia 5140128 x 128 12-bit

(4096) Color2004 D GSM Candybar None

Nokia 5140i128 x 128 16-bit

(65,536) Color2005 D GSM Candybar

VGA (0.3

MP)

Nokia 516084 x 48

Monochrome1998 D

TDMA/A

MPSCandybar None

Nokia 516584 x 48

Monochrome2000 D

TDMA/A

MPSCandybar None

Nokia 517084 x 48

Monochrome1999 D CDMA Candybar None

Nokia 5170i84 x 48

Monochrome1999 D CDMA Candybar None


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2010


Nokia 5180iP84 x 48

Monochrome2002 D

CDMA/A

MPSCandybar None

Nokia 5185i84 x 48

Monochrome2002 D

CDMA/A

MPSCandybar None

Nokia 519084 x 48


Nokia 5200

XpressMusic

128 x 160 18-bit

(262,144) Color2006 D GSM Slide

VGA (0.3

MP)

Nokia 521084 x 48


Nokia 5220

XpressMusic

240 x 320 (262K)

Color2008 P GSM Candybar 2.0 MP

Nokia 5230360 x 640 24-bit

(16M) Color2009 P

UMTS/G

SM/EDG

E/HSPDA

/

Candybar 2.0 MP

Nokia 5300

XpressMusic

320 x 240 18-bit

(262,144) Color2006 D GSM Slide 1.3 MP

Nokia 5310

XpressMusic

240 x 320 24 bit

(16,777,216)

Color

2007 D GSM Candybar 2.0 MP

Nokia 5320

XpressMusic

240 x 320 (16M)

Color 2008 P UMTS Candybar

1) 2.0 MP +

CIF

The 5510 was Nokia's first phone with a built in MP3 player, and it had 64 megabytes of

memory for storing MP3s. It also had a full QWERTY keyboard and an 84 x 48

monochrome display. This phone did not sell very well even though it was advertised on

television, possibly because it was too expensive and too big. Its replacement is the Nokia

3300.


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2010


The 5330 XpressMusic was discontinued, but replaced by the Nokia X3. The X3 features

some styling cues taken from the 5330.

Nokia 6136 UMA is the first mobile phone to include Unlicenced Mobile Access. Nokia

6131 NFC is the first mobile phone to include Near Field Communication.

Nokia Eseries Enterpriseseries

Main article: Nokia Eseries

The Nokia Eseries is an enterprise-class series and includes business-optimized

smartphones.

Phone

model

number Screentype Released

Technology Camera Images

Nokia E50

240 x 320 18-

bit (262,144)

Color

2006 GSM/EDGE1.3 megapi

xels

Nokia E51

240 x 320 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2007GSM/EDGE/HSDPA

/3G/WLAN

2 megapixel

s

Nokia E52

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2009GSM/EDGE/HSDPA/

3G/WLAN

3.2 megapi

xels

Nokia E55

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2009GSM/EDGE/HSDPA/3

G/WLAN

3.2 megapi

xels

Nokia E60

352 x 416 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2006 GSM/UMTS/WLAN None

Nokia E61

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2006 GSM/UMTS/WLAN None


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2010


Nokia E61i

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7million) Color

2007GSM/EDGE/UMTS/W

LAN

2 megapixe

ls

Nokia E62

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2006 GSM/EDGE None

Nokia E63

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2008GSM/EDGE/UMTS/W

LAN

2 megapixe

ls

Nokia E65

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2007GSM/EDGE/UMTS/W

LAN

2 megapixe

ls

Nokia E66

240 x 320 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2008GSM/EDGE/UMTS/W

LAN

3.15 megap

ixels

Nokia E70

352 x 416 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2006 GSM/WLAN/UMTS(Europe/Asia)

2 megapixels

Nokia E71

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2008GSM/EDGE/UMTS/W

LAN

3.2 megapi

xels

Nokia E72

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2009GSM/EDGE/HSDPA/H

SUPA/WLAN

5.0 megapix

els

Nokia E75

320 x 240 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2009GSM/EDGE/UMTS/3G

/WLAN

3.2 megapi

xels

Nokia E5 320 x 240 24- 2010 GSM/EDGE/HSDPA/3 5.0 megapix


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2010


bit (16.7

million) Color

G els

Nokia E90

Communica

tor

800 x 352 24-

bit (16.7

million) Color

2007 GSM/EDGE/3G/WLAN3.15 megap

ixels

Nokia Nseries MobileComputerseries

Main article: Nokia Nseries

The Nokia Nseries is for people who wish to have advanced multimedia and connectivity

features and as many other features as possible into one device.

Phone

model

number

Screen type

Release

d Technology

Form

factor Camera

Nokia

N70

176 x 208

18-bit

(262,144)

Color

2005 GSM/EDGE/UMTS Candybar 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N70

Music

Edition

176 x 208

18-bit

(262,144)

Color

2006 GSM/UMTS Candybar 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N71

320 x 240

18-bit

(262,144)

Color

2006 GSM/UMTS Clamshell 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N72

176 x 208

18-bit

(262,144)

Color

2006 GSM Candybar 2.0 megapixels


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NokiaN73

320 x 240

18-bit(262,144)

Color


Nokia

N73

Music

Edition

320 x 240

18-bit

(262,144)

Color


Nokia

N75

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color


Nokia

N76

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color


Nokia

N77

329 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2007 GSM/UMTS Candybar 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N78

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2008

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

Candybar 3.2 megapixels

Nokia

N79

320 x 24024-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2008GSM EGPRS UMTSWLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM


Nokia

N80352 x 416

18-bit2006 GSM/UMTS Slide 3.15 megapixels


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(262,144)

Color

Nokia

N81

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2007 GSM/UMTS/WLAN Slide 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N81 8GB

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2007 GSM/UMTS/WLAN Slide 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N82

320x240 24-

bit (16.7M)

Color

2007

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM


Nokia

N85

320x240 24-

bit (16.7M)

Color

2008

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

2-way Slide 5.0 megapixels

Nokia

N86 8MP

320x240 24-

bit (16.7M)

Color

2009

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

Slide 8.0 megapixels

Nokia

N90

352 x 416

18-bit

(262,144)

Color


Nokia

N91

176 x 208

18-bit

(262,144)

Color

2005 GSM/UMTS Slide 2.0 megapixels

Nokia

N92320 x 240

24-bit2007 GSM/UMTS Clamshell 2.0 megapixels


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(16.7M)

Color

Nokia

N93

320 x 240

18-bit

(262,144)

Color


Nokia

N93i

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2007

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

Clamshell 3.2 megapixels

Nokia

N95

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2006

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM


Nokia

N95 8GB

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2007

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM


Nokia

N96

320 x 240

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2008

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

DVB-H


Nokia

N97

640 x 360

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2009

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

QWERTY

keyboard,

with

tilt display

5.0 megapixels

Nokia

N97 mini

360 x 640

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2009

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

QWERTY

keyboard,

with

tilt display

5.0 megapixels


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Nokia N8

360 x 640

(16.7M)Capacitive

AMOLED

touchscreen

2010GSM EGPRS UMTSWLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM


Nokia

N900

800 x 480

24-bit

(16.7M)

Color

2009

GSM EGPRS UMTS

WLAN WCDMA

HSDPA EGSM

Tablet 5.0 megapixels

Note:

y Although part of the Nseries, the Nokia N800 and N810 Internet Tablets did notinclude phone functionality. See the Internet Tablets section.

Nokia Xseries Multimediaseries

Main article: Nokia Xseries

The Nokia X series targets a young audience with a focus on music and entertainment.

DATA COLLECTION


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Typesofdatacollection

There are two types of data collection methods available.

1. Primary data collection

2. Secondary data collection

1) Primarydatacollectionmethod

The primary data is that data which is collected fresh or first hand, and for first time

which is original in nature. Primary data can collect through personal interview,

questionnaire etc. to support the secondary data.

2) Secondarydatacollectionmethod


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The secondary data are those which have already collected and stored.

Secondary data easily get those secondary data from records, journals, annual reports of

the company etc. It will save the time, money and efforts to collect the data. Secondary

data also made available through trade magazines, balance sheets, books etc.

This project is based on primary data collected through personal interview of

head of account department, head of SQC department and other concerned staff member

of finance department. But primary data collection had limitations such as matter

confidential information thus project is based on secondary information collected throughfive years annual report of the company, supported by various books and internet sides.

The data collection was aimed at study of working capital management of the company

TOOLS USED

To know the response. I have used the questionnaire method in sample survey.

Statistical tools used are:

y Pie Chartsy Bar Graphsy Percentage method


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Dataanalysis

&

Interpretation


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Percentage of Respondents

LG

SPICE

Tata Indicom

NOKIA

Q1. Which Companies Mobile handset are using ?

Options Percentage of Respondents

LG 46

Nokia 48

Tata Indicom 2

Spice 4


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Interpretation:

48% of the respondents are using LG 46% of the respondents are using SPICE This

shows that Market share of NOKIA e series is 48% which is the result of aggressive sales

promotional strategy of the company.


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Percentage of respondents

Low

Average

high

(2)What was the sale of nokia e-series during pre-recession?

option Percentage of respondents

Low 25

Average 35

high 40


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0

5

1015

20

25

30

35

0


Increase

Decrease

moderate

Interpretation:

25% of the respondents of say that the of the nokia was low because other companies are

providing better schemes, 35% of the respondents are saying that other telecom

companies are offering attractive promotional offers and 40% say it was on high position.

(3)What was the sale of nokia e- series during recession?

Option Percentage of respondents

Increase 40

Decrease 35

moderate 25


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

3540


Increase

Decrease

moderate

Interpretation:

40% of the respondent says that it was on increased stage and 35% of the respondent says

that was on decrease stage and 25% of the respondent says it was on moderate stage.

(4) What is the change percentage of nokia e-series during recession?


Increase 50

Decrease 35

moderate 15


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40


High

Low

average

Interpretation:



(5) What is the sale of nokia e-series during the post recession?


High 40

Low 35

average 25


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


yes

no

Interpretation:



(6) Did nokia provide any schemes?


Yes 65

No 35


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70


Yes

No

Interpretation:


that was on decrease stage and 25% of the respondent says it was on moderate stage

(7) Did you take any advantages to nokia e-series in recession.


Yes 65

No 35


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0

5

1015

20

25

30

35


Discount

Free gift

Couponsothers

Interpretation:


that was on decrease stage and 25% of the respondent says it was on moderate stage

(8) Which kind of schemes provided by the company?


Discount 35

Free gift 30

Coupons 25

others 15


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

7080

90

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

East

West

North

Interpretation:



(9) Now are you satisfied with the nokia e -series handset?


Yes 65

no 35

Interpretation:

65% of the respondent says that it we are satisfied with nokia brand and 35% of the

respondent says no.


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10) How nokia is different from other products?

Options No of respondents

Price 41

Quality 29

Services 22

others 18

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

No of respondents

PriceQuality

Services

others


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Interpretation

41% of the respondents say that price factor make different nokia to other and 29% of the

respondent say that quality make different and 22 % of the respondent say that nokia

services make different.

11) Did recession decrease the sale of nokia e-series?

Options No of respondent

Yes 55

No 45

0

10

20

30

40

50

0

No of respondent

Yes

No


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Interpretation

55% of respondent say yes and 45% the respondents say that there were no effect of

recession on sale of nokia.


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Observation & findings

48% of the respondents are using LG 46% of the respondents are usingSPICE This shows that Market share of NOKIA e series is 48% which is the

result of aggressive sales promotional strategy of the company.

25% of the respondents of say that the of the nokia was low because othercompanies are providing better schemes, 35% of the respondents are saying that

other telecom companies are offering attractive promotional offers and 40% say it

was on high position.

40% of the respondent says that it was on increased stage and 35% of therespondent says that was on decrease stage and 25% of the respondent says it wason moderate stage.

65% of the respondent says that it we are satisfied with nokia brand and35% of the respondent says no.

50% of the respondent says that it was on increased stage and 35% of therespondent says that was on decrease stage and 15% of the respondent says it wason moderate stage


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Conclusion

&

Suggestions


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Conclusion

In the present project I have analyzed the effect of recession on nokia e-series brand used

by nokia. I found that nokia e-series is having aggressive sales promotion strategy to

attract customers.

The best part of this brand is the schemes which nokia provide to their customer. nokia is

offering unlimited option at a very low cost as compared to other companies.

The promotional offers launched by Airtel are also very good. nokia is No.1 mobile

provider brand.

Over the past couple of months, fears of a slowdown in the United States of America

have increased. The impact of the sub prime crisis along with a slowdown in mortgages

has led to a significant lowering of growth estimates. Since the United States dominates

the global economy, any slowdown there would have an impact on most of the global

economic variables.

For India, it could mean a further appreciation in the rupee Vis--Vis the US dollar and a

darkening of business outlook for sectors dependent on US companies. No sector has a

dominant influence on earnings growth and risks to our estimate are limited. Corporate

India is also learning to master the art of efficient capital management, reduction in costs

and delivery of value-added services to sustain profit margins. Further, interest rates are

expected to be stable primarily due to control over inflation and proactive measures

undertaken by the RBI.


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SUGGESTIONS

Aggressive Sales Promotional activities must be done. The company should introduce some new type of advertisements which can

capture attention of people always and they may retain the advertisement during

recession.

Customers must be made aware about the Schemes of nokia e-series mobile. Tariff plan should have consistent base. It should not fluctuate frequently. Customer retention programs should be more frequent in order to assess the

feedback of the customers about the company.

Efforts should be made to minimize the billing related problems. Value Added Services need to be streamlined. Customers should be properly educated about the latest launching of the services.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bibliography

www.nokia.com www.economist.about.com www.economisttime.com www.sharemarket.com

BOOKS

Laurence Shatkin, Ph.D. , Editors at JIST

Jerry Ryan , Roberta Ryan


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ANNEXURE

QUESTIONNAIRE


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QUESTIONNAIRE

Name : ___________________________

Address : _______________________________

Occupation : _______________________________

Office Address : _______________________________

Q1. Which Companies Telephone services you are using ?

a. LG b. NOKIA

c. Tata Indicom d. SPICE

(2) What was the sale of nokia e-series during pre-recession?

(a) Low (b) average (c) high

(3) what was the sales of nokia e- series during recession?

(a) Increase (b) decrease c) moderate


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(4) What is the change percentage of nokia e-series during recession?

(a) increase (b) increase moderate

(5) Did nokia provide any schemes?

(a) Yes (b) no

(6) There were any advantages to nokia e-series in recession.

(a) yes (b) no

(7) Which kind of schemes provided by the company?

(a) discount on MRP (b) free gift

(c) coupons (d) other


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(9) now are you satisfied with the nokia e -series handset?

(a) yes (b) no

10) How nokia is deferent from other products?

a) Price

b) Quality

c) Services

D) Others

11) Does recession decrease the sale of nokia e-series?

A) YES

b) No

Himanshu Pandey Project Report

Documents

Transcript of Himanshu Pandey Project Report