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Power Router and Packetization Project

for Home Electric Energy ManagementTakashi Hikihara

Kyoto University

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Microgrid, Smartgrid and Integrated grid

Nature, Vol.457, 27, November 2008

BEMS

HEMS

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i-Energy and Smart Grid

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R&D in Kyoto UniversityIssue A1 Logical Layerby Professor Y.Okabe(a)Compiling database for predicting demands of

energy(b)Optimization of energy supply(c)Development of protocolIssue A2 Physical Layerby T.Hikihara(a)Power router and packetization(b)Development of interface between distributed line

and home electric power network

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Targets in Project Novelty concepts

(1) Unify the transmission of information and power for power

distribution

(2) Increase switching frequencies of power converters up to

10MHz as communication carriers

Technological novelty(1) Pro-active control of home utilities by power converters

through power distribution line based on information

(2) Application ofSiC power devices for high frequency drive

to power sources, interfaces, and routers

(3) Design of integrated communication and power interfaces

in power distribution line(4) Tag of power source and direction (Power Packet)

(5) Power storages for stabilization and buffering (Power

Memory)

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Conventional Power Distribution

: Analog Network

Kirchhoffs law

Utility

Power storage

Power conditioner

dc/ac converter

Power source

Utility

ac/dc, ac/dc/acconverters

Power flow

Transformer

Distribution

network

P

Power flow is decided

by circuit configuration

Circuit breaker boxSwitchac/ac

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Control of Power Flow by ICT

: Nanogrid Concept

Utility

Power storage

Power conditioner

dc/ac converter

Power source

Utility

ac/dc, ac/dc/acconverters

Power flow

Transformer

DistributionnetworkP

Circuit connecting box ac/ac

Keeping constant flow

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Power Dispatching and Information Transfer

Power

distribution

Information

transferPower / W 100 - 107 10-6 - 101Carrier freq. / Hz 101- 105 106 - 109

High Power at high frequencyPower must be dispatched with info.

Applied frequency and power

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Concept of power packet and routerColoring

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Development of AC Router (prototype)

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5',.6$4"%

Information terminalAC power routerAnalog

inputsDigital

A/D

Analog/IP

LinuxOS CPU

TCP/IPEther

PLC

Distribution line 1

Distribution line 2

Load

Load

Information

Analog/IP

LinuxOS CPU

TCP/IPEther

PLC

Gate

Si power switchesPower

input

sources

driver

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Experiment of changing two power lines

Line 1 (100V) to Load ALine 2 (

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Experiment of changing two power lines

Line 1 (100V) to Load BLine 2 (

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Development of DC Router (prototype)

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07'(.-(;%

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Achieve capability of communication access

chaotic accessSecurity of each communicationQuantity of communication across wires

http://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~busseied/lecture_note/umeno.pdf

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Collaborated with Dr. K. Umeno (NICT)

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Possible Power Device :

Wideband Gap Semiconductor SiC

Advantage of SiC power device1. High withstand pressure2. Extremely low on resistance3. High temperature tolerance4. Ultra fast turn on5. High frequency switching freq.

> 106 HzTarget devices : SiC-JFET

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Physical BaseSiC power devices

E-class converter

high frequency > 2MHzhigh efficiency

Creating Packet

High frequency switching

8'2(M(N(I('8'2O'1(MN

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Interface to power distribution line

utility

storageRouter

utility

receiver

Router Interface Distribution network

Active power P

Reactive power Q

Power Packet

Transformer

source

Router

transmitter

Power supply

Common in

DCAC

storage

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Issue A-4Development of leveling and linkingcontrol method for dispersed power sources

Stability is governed by dynamics

from output.

Robustness to perturbation

Good citizen of networkSynchronous Inverter

T. Hikihara et al., IEICE 2007

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Summary NICT project and group activities Concept of power router and packetization

Development of power router SiC power devices

Interface to power network for stability

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Thank you for your attention.