Electron scale, fluid and kinetic coherent structures in plasmas
High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005
description
Transcript of High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005
![Page 1: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005
Laser Electron AccelerationProject at JAERI
Masaki KandoAdvanced Photon Research Center
Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)
![Page 2: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Collaborators
A. Yamazaki1,2), H. Kotaki1), S. Kondo1), T. Homma1), S. Kanazawa1), K. Nakajima1,3), L.M. Chen1), J. Ma1), H. Kiriyama1), Y. Akahane1),M. Mori1), Y. Hayashi1), Y. Nakai1), Y. Yamamoto1), K. Tsuji1), T. Shimomura1) , K. Yamakawa1) , J. Koga1), T. Hosokai4),A. Zhidkov4), K. Kinoshita4), M. Uesaka4), S. V. Bulanov1),T. Esirkepov1), M. Yamagiwa1), T. Kimura1), T. Tajima1)
and International Experimental Taskforce (IET) members
1) APRC, JAERI2) Kyoto University3) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)4) The University of Tokyo
![Page 3: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical work on Beam Quality
3. Our Approach to Good quality beams
1. High power laser :Bubble/Blow-out regime
2. Moderate power laser: Gas density control
4. Summary
![Page 4: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
Introduction
JAERI Laser Electron Acceleration Project(2005-2009)
• Demonstration of 1GeV Acceleration
Bubble/blow-out, Fast-Z pinch capillary waveguide,..
• High quality beam production
• Application
- keV X-ray source (compact)
We plan to use wakefield as an undulator
- Pump-probe experiment (Ultrafast science)
![Page 5: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Route to quasi-monoenergetic electrons
• Bubble regime Blow-out regime
Scaling laws
• Length matching L=Ldp (L=n Ldp n:integer is ok?)
1
10
100
1000
1018 1019 1020 1021
RAL (12TW/40fs)
LOA (30TW/33fs)
LBNL (9TW/55fs)
AIST (2TW/50fs)
JAERI/CRIEPI (5.5TW/70fs)
Plasma density (cm-3)
E. Miura et al., J. Plasma Fusion Res. 81 255-260 (2005)
Experiments
S. P. D. Mangles et al., Nature 431, 535 (2004)C. G. R. Geddes et al., Nature 431, 538 (2004)
W. Lu et al., This Workshop
High peak power is required
Not so high peak power is required
A. Yamazaki et al., submitted to PoP
J. Faure et al., Nature 431 (2004)
S. Gordienko & A. Pukhov, Phys. Plasmas 12, 043109 (2005)
![Page 6: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Energy spectrum of accelerated electrons 1D Hamiltonian, Motion in 1st wake-period
S.V. Bulanov et al., appeared in Phys. Plasma, soon
![Page 7: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Energy spectrum of fast electrons
![Page 8: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Energy spectrum of fast electrons
![Page 9: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Transverse emittance
![Page 10: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Transverse emittance
![Page 11: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Transverse emittance
![Page 12: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Near-Term Experiment at JAERI
• Peak power > 50 TW • Pulse duration 23 fs • Focal length 775 mm / 450mm • Spot radius,w0 ~16µm / ~9 µm • Contrast 10-6
• Peak intensity 6.2x1018 W/cm2 a0=1.7 at 25TW2.0x1019 W/cm2 a0=3.0 at 25TW
• Plasma density 3x1018-1x1020 cm-3
• Target He-gas-jet • length 1.3-10 mm (slit length)
Long-Focus experiment
Goal:Quasi-mono energetic electrons ‘Bubble /Blow-out regime’Test of non-uniform plasma densityBetatron X-ray measurement
![Page 13: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Near-Term Experiment - Diagnosis
• Electron – Charge Current Transformer– Energy Compact spectrometer w/Scintillating screen– High energy detection: Sampling calorimeter– Pulse duration
• Bolometer (THz detection), Single-shot meas. by polychromator
• Plasma– Channeling Schlieren/shadowgraphy/ Interferometry
• X-ray– Energy Ross filter and Photon counting on CCD– Angular distribution Rail system & CCD and/or N
aI
magnet size 10cmx10cm
![Page 14: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Experimental setup
We are installing a new big target chamber
QuickTime˛ Ç∆TIFFÅiLZWÅj êLí£ÉvÉçÉOÉâÉÄ
ǙDZÇÃÉsÉNÉ`ÉÉÇ å©ÇÈÇΩÇflÇ…ÇÕïKóvÇ≈Ç∑ÅB
OAP TestWith He-Ne laserAlmost perfect
![Page 15: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
2D PIC Simulations
Although 2D simulation underestimates the maximum energy when self-focusing happens, qualitative estimation is valid.
Ne=3x1018 cm-3 Ne=1.7x1019 cm-3
Uniform plasmaa0=1.7
T=23 fs, sx=16µm
![Page 16: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
2D PIC Simulations
Ne=1.7x1019 - 8.5x1018cm-3 Ne=1.7x1019 cm-3
Sharp-density transition Parabolic- realistic distribution
a0=1.7T=23 fs, sx=16µm
Narrow
![Page 17: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Schedule
Lasermaintenance
TargetChamber
Experiment
2005 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Oscillator replacement/ Regen realignment
Power Amp. YAG replacement
New big chamber installation
Optics adjustment
Spot, Pulse duration check
Shots (Electron/Ion)
![Page 18: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Sharp density transition enhances injection
S. V. Bulanov et al., Phys.Rev.E 58, R5257 (1998)H. Suk et al., Phys. Rev. Lett 8, 1011 (2001)T. Hosokai et al., Phys. Rev. E 67, 036407 (2003)P. Tomassini et al., Phys. Rev. ST 6, 121301 (2003)
2.1x1019 cm-3
1.1x1019 cm-3
L=2µm
P. Tomassini et al., Phys. Rev. ST 6, 121301 (2003)
No energetic electrons in homogenous plasma
a0=1.3=17fs
ne
Quasi-monoenergetic structure is formed if the length is appropriate.
![Page 19: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Artificial prepulse & High contrast
Demonstration has been done
Next step: controllability & stability
Artificial prepulse
Hydrodynamic codeT. Hosokai et al., PRE 2003
U. Tokyo
Artificial prepulse, ~ns
High Contrast(better than 10-7)•Fast Pockels Cell•Frequency doubling
In the compressor chamber, we will install optics to produce prepulse
Uncompressed Laser
Main pulse~ 40 fs
![Page 20: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Control of gas-jet density
• Compression by shock-wavesControlling a curvature of the wall makes it possible 1
23
2
4.0mm
2
3
4.0mm
1
1.26mm
xy
z
SupersonicgaslayerHigh-densitygasfoilShockwavesfromnozzlewall
-1 1019
0 100
1 1019
2 1019
3 1019
4 1019
5 1019
6 1019
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Z=4.6 mm 305ch
X (mm)
L~100 µm ~ spatial resolution
Better measurement and Wall shape optimization are required
![Page 21: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Preliminary test with density control
Solution1 : Gas-Cell + Supersonic gas-jet
Small aperture
To avoid ‘up-ramp’ density profile
Exit aperture
Lavar typeWall shape
In case of short-focal length, the up-ramp region destroys laser focusing
He Me=5 ρ/ρ0(x10-2)
2.0
1.0
3.0
PlasmaChannelFocusPoint
Shadow
M. UesakaLab.U. Tokyo This configuration will be tested
Solution2 Use longer focal length
![Page 22: High Energy Electron Acceleration Using Plasmas, 6-10 June , Paris, 2005](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062500/56815141550346895dbf5cf0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Summary
• Theoretical investigation of energy distribution is performed, and qualitatively reproduce experimental data.
• Parameter survey will be done around ‘Bubble / Blow-out regime/’ with JAERI 100 TW, 23 fs laser. – Laser and target chamber improvement is under way.
• Control of gas-distribution and prepulse are important for electron acceleration.
– We are developing Gas-jet-nozzle in order to control particle injection and acceleration for relatively small lasers.