High Brass By Cameron Shepherd and Jessica Middleton.
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Transcript of High Brass By Cameron Shepherd and Jessica Middleton.
High BrassHigh Brass
By Cameron Shepherd and Jessica Middleton
By Cameron Shepherd and Jessica Middleton
Trumpet: HistoryTrumpet: History
• One of the oldest instruments
• First was a long tube with no valves, used for signaling in ancient China, Egypt, and Scandinavia
• By Roman times, used for military ceremonies
• One of the oldest instruments
• First was a long tube with no valves, used for signaling in ancient China, Egypt, and Scandinavia
• By Roman times, used for military ceremonies
Trumpet: HistoryTrumpet: History
• First musical use of the Trumpet was in the late 14th Century• This is when it adopted
the folded form
• Late 1700’s, Trumpet became part of the Orchestra
• Valves were invented in 1815
• First musical use of the Trumpet was in the late 14th Century• This is when it adopted
the folded form
• Late 1700’s, Trumpet became part of the Orchestra
• Valves were invented in 1815
Trumpet: Construction
Trumpet: Construction
• Total tube length approx. 1.4m (4 1/2 ft)• Folded twice to a narrow rectangular shape
about 14 inches long• Cylindrical bore, with a flared bell
• Total tube length approx. 1.4m (4 1/2 ft)• Folded twice to a narrow rectangular shape
about 14 inches long• Cylindrical bore, with a flared bell
Trumpet: Construction
Trumpet: Construction
• Most trumpets are made of brass• Either lacquered or
plated with silver, nickel, or, more rarely, gold
• Most trumpets are made of brass• Either lacquered or
plated with silver, nickel, or, more rarely, gold
Trumpet: Construction
Trumpet: Construction
• Three valves, located in the center of the instrument• Valves vary the length of the instrument,
making it possible to access different registers and pitches
• Second Valve: Lowers pitch by 1 semitone• First Valve: Lowers pitch by whole tone• Third Valve: Lowers pitch by tone-and-a-half• Analogy: Railway junction
• Three valves, located in the center of the instrument• Valves vary the length of the instrument,
making it possible to access different registers and pitches
• Second Valve: Lowers pitch by 1 semitone• First Valve: Lowers pitch by whole tone• Third Valve: Lowers pitch by tone-and-a-half• Analogy: Railway junction
Trumpet MutesTrumpet Mutes
• Mutes can be added to the bell of the trumpet to produce various effects• “Straight” mutes and
“Cup” mutes are the most common
• Mutes can be added to the bell of the trumpet to produce various effects• “Straight” mutes and
“Cup” mutes are the most common
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Trumpet: Key and Transposition
Trumpet: Key and Transposition
• The most common trumpet is the B-flat trumpet• This means that if the
trumpet player plays a “C” as it is notated in their music, it would sound a B-flat
• The most common trumpet is the B-flat trumpet• This means that if the
trumpet player plays a “C” as it is notated in their music, it would sound a B-flat
• Trumpet music is notated in the treble clef
• Trumpet music is notated in the treble clef
Other Kinds of Trumpets
Other Kinds of Trumpets
• Piccolo Trumpet• Half the length of a B-flat trumpet
• An Octave Higher
•Four Valves - hard to play!
• Pocket Trumpet•Same length of tubing as regular trumpet, folded smaller than piccolo trumpet
• Hard to have good intonation and tone clarity
More Kinds of Trumpets
More Kinds of Trumpets
• Bass Trumpet• Invented by Richard Wagner
• More similar to trombone sound
• Rotary-Valve Trumpet• Dark, mellow sound
•Played with keys on the side instead of facing upwards
Trumpet: Sound Production
Trumpet: Sound Production
• The mouthpiece: a shallow cupped shape, made of metal
• Sound produced by buzzing lips into mouthpiece• Resonates the air column, producing sound
• The mouthpiece: a shallow cupped shape, made of metal
• Sound produced by buzzing lips into mouthpiece• Resonates the air column, producing sound
Resources for Introducing the
Trumpet
Resources for Introducing the
Trumpet• http://www.musicked.com• http://www.instructorweb.com/music.asp
• To consider:• Students must be able to support a trumpet
and manipulate three valves to be successful. Also, they must be able to buzz their lips.
• http://www.musicked.com• http://www.instructorweb.com/music.asp
• To consider:• Students must be able to support a trumpet
and manipulate three valves to be successful. Also, they must be able to buzz their lips.
A 4 Minute Trumpet LessonA 4 Minute Trumpet Lesson
Click HereClick Here
French Horn: ConstructionFrench Horn: Construction
• Very Curly!• Approximately 17ft. Worth of tubing in a
single horn• Conical bore which flares into a 27 1/2 -
35cm bell
• Very Curly!• Approximately 17ft. Worth of tubing in a
single horn• Conical bore which flares into a 27 1/2 -
35cm bell
French Horn: HistoryFrench Horn: History
• Developed in 1650 in France as a larger version of smaller, circularly coiled horns
• Used primarily as a hunting horn• Entered the orchestra in the early
1700’s, could play 12 tones of the natural harmonic series
• Developed in 1650 in France as a larger version of smaller, circularly coiled horns
• Used primarily as a hunting horn• Entered the orchestra in the early
1700’s, could play 12 tones of the natural harmonic series
French Horn: HistoryFrench Horn: History
• Gained more flexibility around 1750 when the technique of “hand stopping” was invented• By placing the hand in the bell, a player can
alter pitch by as much as a whole tone
• The invention of valves in the early 19th century revolutionized the horn, and led to the horn we know today
• Gained more flexibility around 1750 when the technique of “hand stopping” was invented• By placing the hand in the bell, a player can
alter pitch by as much as a whole tone
• The invention of valves in the early 19th century revolutionized the horn, and led to the horn we know today
Natural Harmonic Series
Natural Harmonic Series
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
French Horn: ConstructionFrench Horn: Construction
• French horns are generally made of brass, with a smaller, more conical mouthpiece than the “cupped” mouthpiece of the trumpet
• French horns are generally made of brass, with a smaller, more conical mouthpiece than the “cupped” mouthpiece of the trumpet
French Horn: ConstructionFrench Horn: Construction
• On a single, or “F”, horn, there are 3 valves that allow the player to play chromatically over 3 octaves, starting with the B below bass clef
• A double horn, which plays in the keys of both F and B-flat, also has a fourth valve (often referred to as a “trigger”) which allows the player to play on the B-flat tubing
• On a single, or “F”, horn, there are 3 valves that allow the player to play chromatically over 3 octaves, starting with the B below bass clef
• A double horn, which plays in the keys of both F and B-flat, also has a fourth valve (often referred to as a “trigger”) which allows the player to play on the B-flat tubing
French Horn: Key and Transposition
French Horn: Key and Transposition
• An typical horn is pitched in F• This means that when
the player plays a C, the note that sounds is the F below it
• In other words, the horn sounds a perfect 5th lower than what is written
• An typical horn is pitched in F• This means that when
the player plays a C, the note that sounds is the F below it
• In other words, the horn sounds a perfect 5th lower than what is written
• A B-flat horn is pitched in…B-flat!• This means that when
a player plays a C, the note that sounds is the B-flat below it
• In other words, the B-flat horn sounds a major second lower than what is written
• A B-flat horn is pitched in…B-flat!• This means that when
a player plays a C, the note that sounds is the B-flat below it
• In other words, the B-flat horn sounds a major second lower than what is written
French Horn: Sound Production
French Horn: Sound Production
• Very Similar to trumpet - buzz lips into mouthpiece, which resonates air column • Buzzing in a French Horn mouthpiece is
different from buzzing in a trumpet mouthpiece…lips must be tighter and air must be more direct
• Very Similar to trumpet - buzz lips into mouthpiece, which resonates air column • Buzzing in a French Horn mouthpiece is
different from buzzing in a trumpet mouthpiece…lips must be tighter and air must be more direct
Interesting Fact…Interesting Fact…
• Because the range of the horn is so wide with the prominence of the double horn, most professional players eventually find their “niche” on their instrument and specialize in either the upper or lower range
• Because the range of the horn is so wide with the prominence of the double horn, most professional players eventually find their “niche” on their instrument and specialize in either the upper or lower range
Resources for Introducing the
French Horn
Resources for Introducing the
French Horn• http://www.frhorn.com• http://www.hornplayer.net
• To Consider: Horn players must have above-average musical aptitude, due to the fact that tuning is difficult, and a constant responsibility. Also, the size of a students lips and hand/arm dexterity must be considered.
• http://www.frhorn.com• http://www.hornplayer.net
• To Consider: Horn players must have above-average musical aptitude, due to the fact that tuning is difficult, and a constant responsibility. Also, the size of a students lips and hand/arm dexterity must be considered.
Trumpet ResourcesTrumpet Resources
• http://www.rit.edu/~mam5183/imm/project1/typesoftrumpets.html
• http://youtube.com/watch?v=gUij8FCg0z8• http://www.infovisual.info/04/036_en.html• http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/thesoundexchange/the_orchestra/instruments/trumpets/
• http://www.geocities.com/bourbonstreet/square/6766/trumpethistory.html
• http://www.oldbeads.com/china514.jpg
• http://www.rit.edu/~mam5183/imm/project1/typesoftrumpets.html
• http://youtube.com/watch?v=gUij8FCg0z8• http://www.infovisual.info/04/036_en.html• http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/thesoundexchange/the_orchestra/instruments/trumpets/
• http://www.geocities.com/bourbonstreet/square/6766/trumpethistory.html
• http://www.oldbeads.com/china514.jpg
French Horn Resources
French Horn Resources
• http://www.hornplanet.com/hornpage/museum/history/horn_history2.html
• http://www.frhorn.com/• http://library.thinkquest.org/22673/horn.html• http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/
thesoundexchange/the_orchestra/instruments/horns/
• http://youtube.com/watch?v=5XRkCfsiKlY
• http://www.hornplanet.com/hornpage/museum/history/horn_history2.html
• http://www.frhorn.com/• http://library.thinkquest.org/22673/horn.html• http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/
thesoundexchange/the_orchestra/instruments/horns/
• http://youtube.com/watch?v=5XRkCfsiKlY