Hierarchy of biology additional notes
Transcript of Hierarchy of biology additional notes
Hierarchy of BiologyAdditional Notes
Elements Element = all same type of ATOM
• Atom defined by # p+
Ions = change # e-
Isotopes = change # no
Periodic Table = a wealth of information for all scientists
Compounds
Compounds Ionic compounds dissolve in water
to form AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
•Life processes occur in aqueous solutions!
Nanosystems Nanoscale = between 1-1000 nm
• Usually 1-100 nm Nanotechnology
• Relates to biomedical research MEDICINE• Nanoshells = a novel drug deliverysystem
Basic Chemistry Biochemistry Nanotechnology BIOTECHNOLOGY
• Manipulation of DNA, genes, and chromosomes
Organelles
Cells Basic structural and functional units
of ALL LIFE ON EARTH! Vary widely across the six kingdoms
of life (sizes range from 0.1µm to 1 mm!)
Two basic types:• Prokaryotic = ALL bacteria• Eukaryotic = ALL other kingdoms
(Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia)
Tissue Only occurs in organisms that are
multicellular• NO bacteria have tissue!• Unicellular life forms do not have tissue!
Most Protista Many Fungi
ALL Plantae and Animalia have tissue!
Organs, Organ Systems Only occur in complex multicellular
organisms:• Plantae,• Animalia, • some Fungi, • few Protista
Organism An individual living thing. Can be:
• Unicellular• Multicellular
Species and Population Complex definition in biology Generally a biological species is:
• A group of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups
• What is a species? In biology, populations are groups of
individuals belonging to the same species that live in the same region at the same time.
Communities A community, also
called biological community, in biology, an interacting group of various species in a common location. • For example, a forest
of trees and undergrowth plants, inhabited by animals and rooted in soil containing bacteria and fungi, constitutes a biological community.
Ecosystems An ecosystem is a
natural system consisting of all plants, animals and microorganisms (biotic factors) in an area functioning together with all the non-living physical (abiotic) factors of the environment (Christopherson 1997).
The Ecosystem Concept
Biomes Biome, also called major
life zone, the largest geographic biotic unit, a major community of plants and animals with similar life forms and environmental conditions.
It includes various communities and is named for the dominant type of vegetation, such as grassland or coniferous forest.
Biosphere The biosphere is the
zone of air, land and water where organisms exist.
It is commonly known as the global sum of all ecosystems and consists of several layers including the atmosphere, the lithosphere and the hydrosphere.