Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics 1. Consists of 26 irregular bones 2. A curved...

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Transcript of Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics 1. Consists of 26 irregular bones 2. A curved...

Page 1: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

Hi!!Hi!!

Page 2: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

Vertebral ColumnVertebral Column

Page 3: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

General CharacteristicsGeneral Characteristics

1. Consists of 26 irregular bones1. Consists of 26 irregular bones 2. A curved structure that extends 2. A curved structure that extends

from the skull to the pelvic regionfrom the skull to the pelvic region 3. Surrounds and protects the spinal 3. Surrounds and protects the spinal

cord.cord. 4. It provides for attachment for ribs 4. It provides for attachment for ribs

and muscles of neck and back.and muscles of neck and back.

Page 4: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

DivisionsDivisions

1. 7 cervical vertebrate1. 7 cervical vertebrate 2. 12 thoracic vertebrate2. 12 thoracic vertebrate 3. 5 lumbar vertebrate3. 5 lumbar vertebrate 4. five fused vertebrate = sacrum4. five fused vertebrate = sacrum 5. four fused vertebrate = coccyx5. four fused vertebrate = coccyx

Page 5: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

CurvaturesCurvatures

1. Cervical and lumbar curvatures 1. Cervical and lumbar curvatures are concave posteriorly.are concave posteriorly.

2. Thoracic and sacral curvatures 2. Thoracic and sacral curvatures are convex posteriorly.are convex posteriorly.

3. These curvatures increase 3. These curvatures increase resiliency and flexibility of the spine.resiliency and flexibility of the spine.

Page 6: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

Intervertebral DiscsIntervertebral Discs

Cushion like pads that act as shock Cushion like pads that act as shock absorbers and allow the spine to flex, absorbers and allow the spine to flex, extend, and bend laterally.extend, and bend laterally.

Page 7: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

General Structure of VertebrateGeneral Structure of Vertebrate

1. Each vertebra has an 1. Each vertebra has an anteriorbody and a posterior anteriorbody and a posterior vertebral arch that together with the vertebral arch that together with the body form the vertebral foramen body form the vertebral foramen through which the spinal cord through which the spinal cord passes.passes.

Page 8: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

2. The vertebral arch has 2 pedicles 2. The vertebral arch has 2 pedicles and 2 laminae. These give rise to and 2 laminae. These give rise to several projections.several projections.

A) median spinous processA) median spinous process B) 2 lateral transverse processB) 2 lateral transverse process C) Paired superior and inferior C) Paired superior and inferior

articular processes.articular processes.

Page 9: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

3. The pedicles have notches on 3. The pedicles have notches on their superior and inferior borders their superior and inferior borders called intervertebral foramen. The called intervertebral foramen. The intervertebral foramen provide intervertebral foramen provide openings for the passage of spinal openings for the passage of spinal nerves.nerves.

Page 10: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.
Page 11: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.
Page 12: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.
Page 13: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

Thoracic Cage aka Rib CageThoracic Cage aka Rib Cage Consists of:Consists of:

– Thoracic vertebraeThoracic vertebrae– The ribsThe ribs– The sternumThe sternum– Costal cartilageCostal cartilage

Provides for protection around the organs Provides for protection around the organs of the thoracic cavity, and provide of the thoracic cavity, and provide support for the shoulder girdles and support for the shoulder girdles and upper limbsupper limbs

Page 14: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

SternumSternum

A flat bone made of three fused A flat bone made of three fused bones; manubrium, body, and bones; manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.xiphoid process.

The manubrium articulates with the The manubrium articulates with the clavicles.clavicles.

The body articulates with the The body articulates with the cartilage of ribs 2-7.cartilage of ribs 2-7.

Xiphoid process the inferior endXiphoid process the inferior end

Page 15: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

RibsRibs

12 pairs12 pairs The superior seven attach directly to The superior seven attach directly to

the sternum with individual costal the sternum with individual costal cartilages. They are considered to cartilages. They are considered to be “true” ribs.be “true” ribs.

The inferior five attach indirectly or The inferior five attach indirectly or not at all to the sternum. They are not at all to the sternum. They are considered to be “false” ribs.considered to be “false” ribs.

Page 16: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.
Page 17: Hi!!. Vertebral Column General Characteristics  1. Consists of 26 irregular bones  2. A curved structure that extends from the skull to the pelvic.

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