Corporate Presenter

Hexin Wang, China Innovation and R&D Center, Carl Zeiss ShanghaiShenzhen, 9/5/2013

China International Optoelectronic Conference 2013 CIOEC China International Advanced Optical Manufacturing & Precision Engineering Forum 2013 Optical Testing Technology Session

Light a testing all-rounder demonstrated with advanced application examples2Agenda123ExamplesInterferometer - Extremely persistent engineeringLight Sheet Success of knowledge transfer OCT Diversity of applications DiscussionsIntroduction23Light a testing all-rounder demonstrated with advanced application examplesMay 2013

3When you see the Moon way up in the sky, its hard to get a sense of perspective about how big the Moon really is. Just how big is the Moon compared to Earth? Lets take a look at the diameter first. The diameter of the Moon is 3,474 km. Now, lets compare this to the Earth. The diameter of the Earth is 12,742 km. This means that the Moon is approximately 27% the size of the Earth.

Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/20489/moon-compared-to-earth/#ixzz2auwP9xCF4Light a testing all-rounder demonstrated with advanced application examples

May 201320 July 1969

The most advanced interferometer in the production could be used to measure the profile depth of about 0,5 nm (rms) of a shoe sole!

In other words, if we enlarge a shoe to a length which is equal to the distance between the earth and moon (about 384,403 km), a profile depth of about 0,50 m of such a shoe sole could be measured!4When you see the Moon way up in the sky, its hard to get a sense of perspective about how big the Moon really is. Just how big is the Moon compared to Earth? The average center-to-center distance from the Earth to the Moon is 384,403 kilometres (238,857 miles)

The average center-to-center distance from the Earth to the Moon is 384,403kilometres (238,857miles), which is about 30 times the diameter of the Earth. The Moon has a diameter of 3,474kilometres (2,159miles)[1] slightly more than a quarter that of the Earth. This means that the volume of the Moon is only 1/50th that of Earth. Its gravitational pull is about a 1/6th of Earth's. The Moon makes a complete orbit around the Earth every 27.3 days, and the periodic variations in the geometry of the EarthMoonSun system are responsible for the lunar phases that repeat every 29.5 days. The gravitational attraction, and the centrifugal forces generated by the rotation of the Moon and Earth around a common axis, the barycentre, is largely responsible for the tides on Earth. The energy dissipated in generating tides is directly responsible for the reduction in potential energy in the Moon-Earth orbit around the barycentre, resulting in a 3.8 cm yearly increase in the distance between the two bodies.[2] The Moon will continue to move slowly away from the Earth until the tidal effects between the two are no longer of significance, whereupon the Moon's orbit will stabilize.

Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/20489/moon-compared-to-earth/#ixzz2auwP9xCF5Agenda123ExamplesInterferometer - Extremely persistent engineering Light Sheet Success of knowledge transferOCT Diversity of applicationsDiscussionsIntroduction56Interferometry is the central tool of optical metrology

7Basic principle of interferometryOne Newton fringe is equivalent to a distance change of /2

78Basic principle of interferometryNature of Newton fringes for different surfaces with reference to a standard flat

89Basic task of digital fringe analysisFringe analysis: Development of algorithmsto calculate surface deviations from interferograms

910Basic principle of Fizeau InterferometersFizeau Interferometers are the workhorse in optical metrology

1011Fizeau interferometers

LaserBeam expanderBeamsplitterFizeau lensTest pieceCCD cameraCavity1112Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100

Fizeau plateTransmission sphere APLANARCavity More flexibility Enabling of multi-fringe technique1213Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100

l/4 platePolarizingbeamsplitter Better light efficiency Suppression of residual reflections1314Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100

Rotating wedge Reduction of coherent noise1415Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Look-up tableArctanReferencestoreMinusAccumulationstoreFramestore3x3 convolutionSine3x3 convolutionCosine

DMI : Direct Measuring InterferometryVideo pipeline processing1516Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100

Vertical test towerarrangements

Transmission spheresAPLANAR1617Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Control software

1718Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Repeatability

RMS of wavefront repeatability as function of cavity length for 2 different temperature fluctuations and 2 different air pressures

1819Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Repeatability in production environment

Repeatibility 0.2 ... 0.6 nm RMS1920Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Reproducibility in production environment

Reproducibility0.5 ... 1.0 nm RMS

2021Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Calibration process

Measured wavefront of totalsetup

- Wavefront error of calibration surfaceActual calibration wavefront

- FE wavefront of calibration surface2122Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Accuracy in production environment

Accuracy0.7 ... 1.5 nm RMS

2223Carl Zeiss interferometer DIRECT 100Conclusions Visual interferometry : Resolution /10 Digital interferometry : Resolution /1000 ... /10000 Repeatability : Main limitations by temperature fluctuations coherent noise Reproducibility : Main limitations by handling Accuracy : Main limitations by calibration process2324Agenda123ExamplesInterferometer - Extremely persistent engineering Leading/enabling technology in the production environmentLight Sheet Success of knowledge transferOCT Diversity of applications DiscussionsIntroduction2425Light sheetApplication demonstrated in the movie

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mr834Cs9ncs2526Light sheetMature technology used in the metrology

2627Light sheetLight Sheet Microscopy for Multiview Imaging of Large Specimens

Optical sectioning while minimizing photodamage

Very sensitive fluorescence detection

Image acquisition rate as fast as possible

Imaging large volumes with high resolution and contrast

http://www.cell.com/cell_picture_show-lightsheet2728Light sheetLight Sheet Microscopy for Multiview Imaging of Large Specimens

C. Staber , J. Zeitlinger, Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, USAApplicationsEmbryogenesis of Drosophila, Zebrafish and other model organisms

Cellular dynamics in embryos and small organisms

Structural imaging of larger (m-mm) organisms2829Light sheetZ.1 by Carl Zeiss - Innovation

More Images. Gentle. Fast.2930Light sheetZ.1 by Carl Zeiss - Innovation

http://www.cell.com/cell_picture_show-lightsheet2#iit=30Shrimp MicroScoptailby Anastasios Pavlopoulos, Benjamin Harich, Stephan Saalfeld, and Pavel TomancakMax Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics This time-lapse recording shows a transgenic embryo from the crustacean amphipod Parhyale hawaiensis labeled with a histone-RFP fluorescent marker. The embryo was recorded for more than 4.5 days at 7.5 min intervals on a Zeiss Lightsheet Z.1 microscope using a 20x/1.0 detection objective. The movie plays 12 time points per second, displaying Parhyale development 5,400 times faster. The embryo was imaged with two lightsheets from its ventral and two ventro-lateral sides; these views cover about two-thirds of the specimen, leaving a wedge open on the dorsal side. The images from the left and right lightsheets were fused on the fly by the Zeiss ZEN software during acquisition. In each time point, the resulting three views were registered using beads scattered in the agarose around the specimen and fused into a single nearly isotropic volume with content-based fusion algorithm, and 3D rendered rotating by one degree per time point around the x axis. All processing was done in Fiji (http://fiji.sc), the rendering using ImgLib2 (http://fiji.sc/ImgLib2). The movie starts at 3 days after egg lay, when a distinct germ band has formed ventrally and is surrounded by large spaced-out nuclei of extra-embryonic cells. Segment formation and maturation progresses from anterior to posterior and is accompanied by embryo elongation posteriorly and ventrally. During these stages, the embryo develops a series of specialized appendages along the anterior-posterior axis that can be observed projecting ventrally, elongating and segmenting along their proximodistal axis.

31Light sheet (LS)Examples of imaging done with LS Microscopy based systems

Gutirrez-Heredia Luis et al,

Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy: beyond the flatlands

Current Microscopy Contributions to Advances in Science and Technology (A. Mndez-Vilas, Ed.), 20123132Agenda12ExamplesIntroduction3Interferometer - Extremely persistent engineering Leading/enabling technology in the production environmentLight Sheet Success of knowledge transfer - InnovationOCT Diversity of applications Discussions32What is OCT?Optical equivalent Ultrasound

OCT imaging is performed by measuring the echo time delay of light back reflected/scattered in tissueNear infrared light(800-1300nm)micrometer resolutionmillimeter penetration depth Non-contact and high speedOCTHow does it work? 34RetinaOptic Nerve HeadSLD

XY ScannerDetectorProcessing& AnalysisDisplay&ReportgenerationOphthalmicLens

Macular B-scan (Temporal Nasal)OCT is a non-invasive, sub-surface imaging technique capable of providing high resolution cross sectional images of biological tissues such as retina. Ref MirrorOCT empowers you with the details of What lies beneath the fundus image?superluminescent light emitting diode (SLD).34Time Domain OCT & Spectral Domain OCT35

Stratus OCT EyeLight SourceReferenceMirrorSingleDetectorStratus(1st generation)Time-Domain OCTEyeLight SourceReferenceMirrorSpectrometerCirrus (3rd generation)Spectral-Domain OCTFaster speedHigher definition35This very simple diagram demonstrates the basic difference between time domain OCT and Spectral Domain OCT.TD-OCT uses a single detector. The reference arm must move to capture the depth of the scan . SD-OCT uses a spectrometer for image acquisition. The reference arm does not move. This allows the full A scan to be captured simultaneously. Therefore spectral domain provides faster scanning.Because of the faster scanning, more data can be captured, therefore you can obtain a higher resolution image (as seen here) or a cube of data SD-OCT is about 50 times faster than time domain It is possible to acquire and view a cube of data with SD-OCT The commercial SD-OCT instruments listed above have 56mresolution (compared to 10m of TD-OCT)

OCTDiverse applications in clinical practiceOphthalmologyStandard clinical tool in eye imaging guided surgery and diagnose from anterior corneal segment to posterior eye disease, such as AMD\Glaucoma\Diabetic RetinopathyCardiologyOngoing development as an intravascular imaging tool for coronary plaques and stent, visualization for lesion assessment, treatment and follow-up strategies Oncology Great potential as an optical biopsy tool for detection of many cancer tissues such as skin, esophagus etc.

37Agenda12ExamplesIntroduction3Interferometer - Extremely persistent engineering Leading/enabling technology in the production environmentLight Sheet Success of knowledge transfer -InnovationOCT Diversity of applications - More innovation Discussions3738DiscussionsInterferometer - Extremely persistent engineering=> Leading/enabling technology in the production environmentLight Sheet Success of knowledge transfer => Innovation OCT Diversity of applications => More innovation, even disruptive! Thanks to my colleagues: Mr. Bernd Drband, Mr. Bu Peng, Mr. Jrg Mtzefor sharing slides!38

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Financial Highlights for FY 2011/12Carl Zeiss Group: Our portfolio is focused on high-techThe overarching ZEISS brand stands for customer focus, innovation and reliabilityMay 2013Strategic Business Units40