HPGe Planar Detector Stack for DESPEC Array I.Kojouharov INTAG Workshop, GSI, 24.05.2007
HETDEX Spectrographs R&D for DESpec
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Transcript of HETDEX Spectrographs R&D for DESpec
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HETDEX Spectrographs R&D for DESpec
Jennifer MarshallTexas A&M University
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University of Texas:Josh Adams
Guillermo BlancJohn BoothMark CornellTaylor ChonisKarl GebhardtJenny Greene
Gary HillShardha Jogee
Eiichiro KomatsuHanshin Lee
Phillip MacQueenJeremy MurphySteve Odewahn
Marc RafalRichard Savage
Matthew ShetroneMasatoshi Shoji
Sarah TuttleBrian Vattiat
MPE/USM:Ralf Bender
Maximillian FabriciusFrank GruppUlrich Hopp
Martin LandriauAriel SanchezJan Snigula
Jochen WellerHouri Ziaeepour
Penn State University:Robin CiardulloCaryl GronwallAna Matkovic Larry RamseyDon Schneider
AIP:Svend Bauer
Roelof de Jong Roger HanesAndreas KelzVolker Mueller
William RamboldMartin Roth
Mathias SteinmetzChristian Tapken
Lutz Wisotzki
Texas A&M:Richard AllenDarren DePoy
Steven FinkelsteinJennifer MarshallCasey Papovich
Travis ProchaskaNicolas Suntzeff
Vy Tran
HETDEX Consortium
Other Institutions:Carlos Allende-Prieto (IAC)Viviana Aquaviva (Rutgers)
Niv Drory (IAUNAM)Eric Gawiser (Rutgers)
Lei Hao (SHAO) Donghui Jeong (CIT)Jens Niemeyer (IAG)
Povilas Palunas (LCO)Mike Smith (U Wisconsin)
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HETDEX science goals
• Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment– Aims to constrain expansion history over 1.9 < z < 3.5– Direct detection of dark energy at z~2.5 even if it’s a
cosmological constant– 0.1% constraint on curvature– Aims to tell if dark energy evolves
• Measurement of expansion rate and angular diameter distance at z~2.4 to determine if there is any evolution of dark energy
• Tracers are Ly-α emitting galaxies– Numerous, easily detected with integral field spectrograph
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HETDEX observing plan
• Blind survey with 150+ integral field spectrographs, known as VIRUS– 33,600 spectra per exposure– 350 – 550 nm– Line flux limit 3.5e-17 and mAB~22
• 420 sq. deg. area survey will contain spectroscopy of:– 0.8 million LAEs in 9 cubic Gpc volume 1.9 < z < 3.5– 1 million [OII] emitters z < 0.48– 0.4 million other galaxies– 0.25 million stars– 2000 galaxy clusters– 7000 QSOs z < 3.5– 20,000 NVSS radio sources
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IFU 448 fibers50 x 50 sq. arcsec
100”
1.5” fiber dia
Observing footprint of the HETDEX Survey
HETDEX Survey
covers 420 square
degrees
22 arcmin field of view
33,600 spectra at a time
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HETDEX is comprised of:
• Major telescope upgrade– Replace entire top end of telescope
• New instrument, VIRUS– 150+ fiber-fed unit spectrographs
• HETDEX observations• Software/data analysis
– Data will be public
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Fiber bundles
Nine IFUs have been delivered to
AIP to qualify vendors and evaluate the
production design
Murphy et al., 2008, SPIE 7018-104; Soukup et al., 2010, SPIE 7735-180
Kelz et al., 2006, SPIE 6273-121;
IFU outputIFU input
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VIRUS
• Visible Integral-field Replicable Unit Spectrograph (VIRUS)– The first highly-replicated
instrument in optical astronomy
– 150+ channel fiber-fed Integral Field Spectrograph placing >33,000 1.5” dia fibers on sky
– 350-550 nm coverage and R~700
• HET will be transformed into a powerful survey instrument
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VIRUS spectrographs
• Optical design based on VIRUS-P, the prototype spectrograph now in use at McDonald 107” telescope
• Production design currently being finalized and prototyped
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VIRUS spectrographs
• Simple design– Single reflection spherical collimator– Schmidt camera
• Two lenses + one spherical mirror– VPH grating
• High throughput
Unit spectrographs packaged in pairs
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VIRUS spectrographs
• 224 spectra per unit spectrograph
• Data reduction pipeline finalized• “VACCINE” at UT• “CURE” at MPE
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Texas A&M’s role in HETDEX
• Participate in optical and mechanical design of VIRUS
• Fabrication and procurement of VIRUS components
• Assemble VIRUS unit spectrographs• Optically align instruments in lab• Ship to McDonald
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HETDEX+VIRUS specs
• Wavelength– 350 – 550 nm
• Resolution– R~700
• Sensitivity– Line flux limit 3.5e-17 and mAB~22
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Flexibility of VIRUS design
• VIRUS design is adaptable to almost any fiber-fed spectrograph system– Easy to change resolution, wavelength
range, etc. with simple redesigns• Has already been used as basis of new
spectrograph design– LRS2
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LRS2 concept
• LRS2 will be the first VIRUS adaptation– Consists of two unit pairs, LRS2-B (350 – 650
nm) and LRS2-R (650 – 1100 nm)– R~1800
• Work required for LRS2-R:– Replace grating with
grism dispersers – Customize optical
coatings
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DESpec from VIRUS?
• Same could be done for DESpec– Change grating– Reoptimize coatings– Refractive camera?
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Possible DESpec unit spectrograph specs
• 550-1000nm coverage using DES 2Kx4K CCD
• Roughly 4 pixels per resolution element (R~1765 at 775nm; 0.1nm/pixeldispersion)
• Refractive camera? – Larger detector obscures more light in a
reflective design
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Possible DESpec unit spectrograph specs
• Want 3000-4000 fibers in focal plane– Assuming ~1 sq. cm per fiber
• 200-250 fibers per unit spectrograph• Need ~15 unit spectrographs
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Estimated cost of DESpec spectrographs
• Need 15 units for 3000-4000 fibers• VIRUS unit cost is ~$100K
– Without detector systems• Total cost for DESpec unit spectrographs
after redesign not expected to exceed $200K
• Total cost: $3M
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Work required to design DESpec
• New optical design for refractive camera
• Mechanical redesign of camera• Mechanical design of instrument
mounting scheme on telescope• Cooling system redesign
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Work required to design DESpec
• A&M+UT group would need about 2 years of engineering effort for redesign
• A&M could assemble and test spectrographs in ~2 years– Lots of experience from VIRUS!
• These are only estimates; will require more careful schedule/planning
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Summary
• VIRUS design could be easily and relatively cheaply adapted to DESpec spectrographs
• Would need ~15 spectrographs• Cost ~$3M• 3-4 years of effort in redesign and
assembly