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Herbert Hoover

31st President of the United States

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PICTURE

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Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964)

is best known as being the 31st President of the US.

• In office: March 4, 1929  – March 4, 1933

• Preceded by Calvin Coolidge

• Succeeded by Franklin D. Roosevelt

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His career spanned nine different presidential administrations, and he survived a dozen attempts to sweep him from his post as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Prior to that:

mining engineer, humanitarianadministrator

He had the longest retirement of any U.S. President

and died 31 years after leaving office, during the administration

of Lyndon Johnson — his fifth successor.

He had the longest retirement of any U.S. President

and died 31 years after leaving office, during the administration

of Lyndon Johnson — his fifth successor.

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When World War I started in August 1914

• He helped organize the return home of 120,000 American tourists and businessmen from Europe

• Hoover led five hundred volunteers to distribute food, clothing, steamship tickets and cash

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Important reforms

• expanded civil service protection• cancelled private oil leases on

government lands • led the way for the prosecution

of gangster Al Capone• He appointed a commission

which set aside 3 million acres (12,000 km²) of national parks and 2.3 million of national forests

• he appointed a Federal Farm Board that tried to fix farm prices

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Important reforms• advocated tax reduction for low-income Americans• doubled the numbers of veteran hospital facilities• negotiated a treaty on St. Lawrence Seaway (which

failed in the Senate) • signed an act that made The Star-Spangled Banner

the national anthem• wrote a Children's Charter that advocated protection of

every child regardless of race and gender• built the San Francisco Bay Bridge• created an antitrust division in the Justice

Department

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• required air mail carriers to improve service

• proposed federal loans for urban slum clearances

• organized the Federal Bureau of Prisons

• reorganized the Bureau of Indian Affairs

• proposed a federal Department of Education• advocated fifty-dollar-a-month pensions for Americans

over 65• chaired White House conferences on child health,

protection, homebuilding and homeownership• He also signed the Norris-La Guardia Act that paved the

way for the New Deal's labor policy

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• He he helped to pave the way for Franklin D. Roosevelt's "Good Neighbor Policy" by withdrawing American troops from Nicaragua and Haiti

• he also proposed an arms embargo on Latin America and a one-third reduction in the world's naval forces - the Hoover Plan.

• He and Secretary of State Henry Stimson outlined the Hoover-Stimson Doctrine that said that the United States would not recognize territories gained by force.

In the foreign arena:In the foreign arena:

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Even if the Hoover presidency has a negative imprint on it,

it must be noted that there were a lot of important reforms

under the Hoover administration

Conclusion:

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"I did not realize it at the moment, but on August 3, 1914 my engineering career was over forever. I was on the slippery road of public life."