HEPA Leak Test

8/3/2019 HEPA Leak Test

1/24

UCRL-JC-127230PRBPRINT

In-Place HEPA Filter Penetration Test

W.BergmanK. WilsonJ. Elliott

B. BettencourtJ.W. Slawski

Thispap erwasprep aredor subm ittalo the24th DOEliVRC Nuclear Air (Waning and Treatment Conference

Portfa& ORJuly 15-18,19%


2/24

DISCLAIMER

This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor theUniversity of California nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressor implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy,

completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatu s, produ ct, or processdisclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by tradename, trad emark, manu facturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute orimply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United StatesGovernment or the University of California. The views and opinions of authorsexpressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United StatesGovernment or the University of California, and shall not be used for advertisingor produ ct endorsement purp oses.


3/24

24th DOE/NRC NUCLEAR AIR CLEANING AND TREATMENT

IN -PLACEHEPAFILTERPENETRATIONTESl%

by

W. Bergman , K. Wilson , J. Elliott, B. Bettencourt and J. W. Slawsk ilLawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Livermore, CA94550

Abstract.

We have d em onstrated the feasibility of cond uctin g p enetration tests on highefficien cy p ar ticu late air (H EPA)filters as in stalled in n u clear v en tilation system s.The in-p lace p enetration test, w hich is d esign ed to yield equ ivalent p en etrationmeasurements as the standard DOP efficiency test, is based on measuring theaerosol p enetration of the filter installation as a fu nction of p article size u sing ap ortable laser p article cou nter.(l) Th is in -p lace p en etration test is com p ared to th ecu rren t in -p lace leak test u sin g ligh t scatterin g p hotom eters for sin gle H EPA filterinstallations and for H EPAfilter p lenu ms u sing the shrou d m ethod . Test resu ltsshow th e in-p lace p en etration test is m ore sen sitive than th e in-p lace leak test, hasa similar operating proced ure, but takes longer to cond uct. Ad ditional tests arerequ ired to con firm th at th e in -p lace p en etration test yield s id en tical resu lts as th estan d ar d d ioctyl p hth alate (DOP) p en etration test for H EPAfilters w ith con tr olledleaks in the filter and gasket and d uct by-pass leaks. Further d evelop ment of thep roced ure is also requ ired to red uce the test tim e before the in-p lace p en etrationtest is p racticaL

I. Introd u ction

Before a HEPAfiltration system can be used in a DOE nu clear facility, theventilation system and the H EPAfalters m ust p ass accep tance tests d escribed inASMEN510 or AG1, and the HEPAfilter must pass the MIL-STD-282 penetration test.(3) The acceptance tests consist of leak tests of ducts and housings, airflowcap acity and d istribu tion tests, and air-aerosol m ixing u niform ity tests. Theairflow d istribu tion test is d esigned to insu re that H EPAfilters see a u niform airflow, while the air-aerosol mixing test is performed to insure that theconcentration of aerosols challenging the filter is u niform . This w ill insu re thatrep resentative sam ples can be obtained before and after the filter for com pu tingthe filter penetra tion.

1 U.S.Department of Energy,Defense Program s(DP-4S),Germantow n,MD 20874

*Th is w ork w as p erform ed u nd er th e au sp ices of th e U.S. Dep artm en t of En ergy byLawrence Livermore NationalLaboratory under contract no. W-7405-ENG41 The workwas supported by DOEsDefenseProgramOffice of Technical and Environmental Supp ort,DP-45.

1


4/24


5/24

24th DOE/NRC NUCLEAR AIR CLEANING AND TREATMENT CONFERENCE

JI. Differen ce Betw een Pen etr- In -Place Leak. an d In -Place Pen etration Tes@

Th e d ifferen ce betw een th e resu lts of th e p en etration an d th e in -p lace leak testscan be illu strated w ith a typ ical H EPAfilter p en etration cu rve sh ow n as a fu nctionof particle size in Figu re 1. The penetration is a maximu m at O.15Lm , d ecreasesrap id ly w ith in creasin g p article size an d is n eg ligible at 0.7 km for H EPA filters w ith

no leaks. Although the penetration measu rement at 0.3 ~m is significantly lessthan the maximum, it still provides a sensitive measurement of the filterp en etration . In con trast to th e in -tact H EPAfilter in stallation in Figu re 1, p articlep enetration throu gh leaks is ind ep end ent of p article size. Thu s any p enetrationthat is measured at 0.7 Vm diameter during the in-place leak test can ixattribu ted to leaks.

0.1 1D iam eter, u rn

Figure 1. Plot of HEPA filter penetration measurements as a function ofparticle size for d ioctyl sebacate (DOS) aerosols with two d ifferent lasersp ectrom eters. N u clear grad e, 1,000 cfm H EPA filter.

3


6/24


Two different laser part icle counters (Part icle Measurement Systems, Bolder, CO)were used to generate the curve in Figure 1: the LAS-HS laser counter, whichm easu res p articles from 0.067 to 0.95 Mm d iam eter an d th e LASAIRlaser cou nter,which measures particles from 0.14 to 2.4 pm diameter. The d iam etermeasurements are based on the logarithm midpoint of each of the counter

ch an nels. A 100:1 d ilu ter (TSI, Min neap olis, MN ) w as u sed to d ilu te th e u pstreamm easu rem en ts to avoid coin cid en ce cou ntin g. Th e d ioctyl sebacate aerosols w eregen erated w ith a Laskin n ozzle aerosol gen erator (Vir tis, Gar din er , N Y). Details ofthe test procedure are described in previous reports. The agreement betweenth e tw o in stru men ts is good .

It is p ossible to con du ct filter p en etration tests as d escribed in ASME N -510 an dASMEAG-1 using a laser par ticle coun ter during in -p lace filter tests. (23) If the lasercounter is used for measuring the total number of particles without regard top article size, then the filter test becomes another leak test. H ow ever, if the lasercou nter is u sed to d iscrim inate betw een d ifferent p article sizes, su ch as 0.3 Km ,

then the laser test becomes an in-p lace p enetration test. Using the laser p articlecounter also allows the maximum filter penetration, as shown in Figure 1, to bed eter min ed w ith th e in -p lace p en etration test. A d escrip tion of th e filter efficien cytest using the laser particle counter is given by Bergman and Biermann and byScripsick et al.(G8)

Th e in -p lace p en etration test u sin g th e laser p article cou nter is a m easu rem en tof th e p en etration of the total filtration system . This test incorp orates the aerosolp enetration from both the H EPAfilter and leaks in the filter hou sing or gaskets. Insep arate filter p enetration and leak tests, the total p enetration of the filtrationsystem is determined from the sum of the filter penetration and the leakp enetration. In sep arate p enetration and leak tests, once the filter is installed , it isonly p ossible to d eterm ine system leaks w ith the light scattering p hotom eter andassu me the filter p enetration rem ains the sam e. The in-p lace leak test u sing thelight scattering photometer can only detect a major deterioration in filterpenetration.

Th e in creased sen sitiv ity of th e laser p article cou nter allow s filter p en etrationmeasurements of two stages of HEPA filters for both the leak test and thep en etration test. This capability, which is not possible for the standardp hotom eter based leak test, is ad vantageou s becau se of the red uced testing tim eand the difficulty in measuring the penetration of individ ual stages in systemsh avin g m in im al sp ace betw een stages. Schu ster and Osetck w ere the first to use alaser p article cou nter to m easu re th e filter p en etration of on e-stage an d tw o-stage,size 1 H EPAfilters.(g) Th ey fou nd typ ical DOP p en etration s of 0.003A for sin glestage and 0.000005% for two stage HEPA filters. However measurements ofpenetration versus particle size were only reported for the single stage HEPAfilters.(g)


7/24


Ortiz determined the filter leaks in a number of 20,000 cfm two-stage HEPAfilter systems. He d id not d iscriminate between particle size, bu t rather usedthe total p article cou nt before and after the filters to d eterm ine the system leaks.The test was therefore a leak test and not a penetration test. The leakmeasurements for ten systems varied from 0.0067% to 0.00000009%. Them axim um allow able leakage for tw o stage H EPAfilters is 0.000009%. This stu dy

was significant not only because the test system was d em onstrated und er fieldcond itions, bu t also becau se it show ed the laser p article cou nter d etected filtersystem failu res th at w ere n ot seen w ith th e stan dard sin gle stage m eth od d escribedin ASMEN5 10.(2)

Ortiz et al also con du cted a rou nd robin test of tw o-stage H EPA filtration systemin which they measured filter penetration as a function of particle size using alaser spectrometer.(n) In this configuration, the filter test was an in-placep en etration test. To avoid coincid ence cou nting, the u pstream con centration w asd ilu ted . The test apparatus and proced ure w ere incorporated into an ASTM testmethod for evaluating HEPAfilters.

The Los Alam os N ational Laboratory (LAN L) u ses a laser sp ectrom eter andheterod isperse aerosols as developed by Ortiz and incorporated in the ASTMstandard for conducting in -p lace HEPAfilter leak tests in a ll of their facilities.(1-13JSince the particle measurements are mad e by ad ding all of the sizes into a singlecou nt, th e LAN Lin -p lace filter m easu rem en ts can n ot be u sed for d eterm in in g filterpenetration, bu t rather for leaks. Add ing together the particle counts in thed ifferent p article size bin s d estroys the ability to m easu re filter p enetration w ithheterod isp erse aerosols. H ow ever, by keep ing th e p article cou nts in the d ifferen tsize bins sep arate, the LAN Ltest p roced ure for leaks can be converted to a test offilter penetr ation test.

111. Cor rela tion of In -Place Penetration Test With Standard Penetration Test

In order to claim that an in-place filter penetration test is equivalent to thestandard HEPA filter penetration test at 0.3 ~m, it is necessary to establish acorrelation betw een the in-p lace p en etration test w ith the stan dard p en etrationtest sp ecified in MIL-STD-282.(1) Su ch a correlation w ou ld in clu d e p en etrationm easu rem ents on H EPAfilters w ith varying d efects in the filter and the gasket asw ell as by-p ass leaks in the ventilation d ucting. These correlation tests have notyet been com p leted . H owever Scripsick et al cond ucted tests on 849 new HEPAfilters u sin g laser m easu rem en ts at 0.31 Lm an d th e stan dard Q-107 m easu rem en tsat O 3 ~m.(8) The correlation betw een the laser m easurem ents at 0.31 ~m and theQ-107 measurements at 0.3 pm is good, as shown in Figure 2.(6) Note that thecorrelation becom es w orse at sm aller p enetration valu es. This is not su rp risingcon sid erin g th e p hotom eter in th e Q-107 m easu rem en ts is in creasin gly n oisy below0.01% penetration. We plan to cond uct similar correlations using filters withcontrolled leaks in the m ed ia an d gaskets an d u sin g con trolled by-p ass leaks in th educting.

5


8/24

2 4 th DOE/N RC N U CL EA R A IR CL EA N I NG A ND T REA T M EN T CON FERENCE

0 .1

0 . 0 1

o

0

3

. . . . . .. . . . . . .. .. .. ...r;o0 0[-c m,~~l!,0

0

5A v

6 0

,.. I0 0 0 10 . 0 0 1 0 . 0 1

Q107 P en et ra tion a t 0.30 pm , %

Figure 2. ~o~elation of HEpA filter pene~ation be~een laser s~e~~ometer andQ107 ~hotometer.(s)

For measurements of the maximum filter penetration, it is not necessary toconduct correlation tests with the Q107 tester because it only measures thepenetration at 0.3 km. The Q107 can not be used to determine the maximumfilter penetration at 0.15 }m, as seen in Figure 1. In fact, there are no standardreference tests for the maximum filter penetration. The laser spectrometer can beused in a primary test standard for the maximum filter penetration if the particlesize range is sufficient to clearly show a maximum as seen in Figure 1.

IV. Correlation of In-Place Penetration Test With Standard Leak Test

We have conducted a series of filter penetration tests on a HEPA filter with anincreasing number of pin holes to establish a correlation between the in-placepenetration test and the standard leak test. A nuclear grade, 1,000 cfm HEPA filterwas used in these correlation tests. Two different laser spectrometers were used to

6


9/24


10/24


1.00

8.00

6.00

4.00

2.00

0.00

1 o

10

,C; ;:!, .. . . . .. .. .. . ., .*. .

:?..... j :..{ ...7.!: W?-4?$ c

o 0.1 1 10Diame te r, p m

Figure 3. pene~ation of D(JS aerosols as a function of aerosol d iameter for thesam e H EPAfilter having O, 1, 2, and 6 p in holes p rod uced w ith a 0.025 inch n eed le.HS-LAS,open points, LASAIR,closed points.

8


11/24

24th DOE/NRC NUCLEAR CLEANING AND TREATMENT

Table 1. Pen etration an d leak m easu rem en ts on a H EPAfilterw ith varying p in holes .

Pin Holes AP, inches Laser Penetrationat Diameter Photometer0.15 @ 0.3 @ 0.7 m Leak

o 1.06 1.5 x 10-4 1.0 x 10-5 1.0X10-6 1 x 10-41 1.06 3.2 X10-4 2.2 x 10-4 1.8 x 10-4 2X1 O-42 1.06 5.8 X10-4 4.5 x 10-4 3.5 x 10-4 2X1 O-46 1.06 1.00 x 10-3 8.8 x 10-4 6.5 X10-4

,9 1.078 X10-4

1.03 x 10-3 8.8 x 10-4 . 7.5 x 10-4 9X1O-413 1.07 1.85 X10-3 1.65 X10-3 1.40x 10-3 1.1 x 10-319 1.06 2.9 X10-3 2.6 X10-3 2.3 X10-3 1.2 x 10-327 1.06 3.8 X10-3 3.6 X10-3 3.0 x 10-3 1.3 x 10-340 1.06 4.9 x 10-3 4.6 X10-3 4.1 x 10-3 1.7 x 10-3

We have plotted the threee d ifferent penetration measu rementsphotometer measurements from Table 1 in Figure 5 to examine thebetween the var ious measuremen ts.

1

0.1

0.01

0.001

0.0001

I=----:.*

I.........+....... ..!.

::~;

.......

0.01 0.1 1In -Place Leak Test (Ph otom eter), %

Figu re 5. Correlation of laser p en etration test w ith in -p lace leak test.

9

versu s thecorrelation


12/24


13/24

2 4t h DOE/NRC NU CL EA R A IR CL EA N IN G A N D T REA T M EN T CON FEREN CE

concentration must be ad justed to avoid coincidence in both the upstream(challenge) and downstream measuremen ts.

..

Figu re 6. Photograp h of the in-p lace p enetration test ap paratu s on a single H EPAfilter system using laser coun ter s. The HS-LASlaser coun ter is on the HEPAfilter, theLASAIRlasercoun ter on the b lower, and the TSI aerosol d ilu ter on the floor.

The available d ilu tion ratios d id not allow for optimization of thecon cen tration m easu rem en ts as sh ow n w ith th e follow in g illu stration . Figu re 7shows the filter penetration curve d erived from measurements using a 100:1d ilu tion of th e u pstream (ch allen ge) aerosols for a sin gle H EPAfilter system w hichis similar to the system shown in Figure 6. The filter penetration curve is

11


14/24


extremely noisy, even with a 1 minute upstream and a 15 minu te downstreamsam ple, becau se th e low d ow nstream aerosol concen tration is at the backgrou ndlevel. This resulted from reducing the challenge concentration to avoidcoincidence counting. Increasing the sampling time d id not help in this casebecau se th e m easu rem en t of backgrou nd aerosols also in creased . Usin g a 10,00Ckld ilu ter on the u pstream sam ple significantly im proved the p recision of the d ataand also reduced the sampling time as seen in Figure 8. The upstream anddownstream sample times for that test were 2 and 6 minutes, respectively. Anop tim ized d ilu ter betw een 1,0001 and 2,000:1 would reduce the sample time toabout 1 minute for each measurement. The op tim ized d ilu ter and associatedcalibration p roced u re m ust be d evelop ed before th e in -p lace p en etration m eth od isad op ted for rou tin e m easu rem en ts.

AP=1.1OH2O

Diam eter, j-m

Figu re 7. Filter p en etration as a fu nction of aerosol d iam eter for a sin gle H EPAfiltersystem using the in-place penetration measurement with a 1001 d ilu ter. Opend ata w as gen erated w ith H S-LAS,closed d ata w ith LASAIR. In -p lace leak test w ith a

p hotom eter w as 6 x 10-5.

12


15/24

24th DOE/NRC NUCLEAR AIR CLEANING AND TREATMENT

AP=1.1OH2O

6.00 1 0 6 y - ...... ........ . - v . . .. . r . . . n.... . F . L . o . w= . l . ! . o o . c F . M... ... . v....................................

Diameter, pm

Figu re 8. Filter p en etration as a fu nction of aerosol d iam eter for a sin gle H EPAfiltersystem u sing the in-place p enetration m easu rem ent w ith a 1,000:1 d ilu ter. Op end ata w as gen er ated w ith H S-LAS, closed d ata w ith LASAIR.In -p lace leak test w ith a

p hotom eter w as 6 x 10-5.

A d etailed comparison of the time requ irements for the in-place leak and thein-place penetration test is given in Table 2. The increased time to carry thepenetration equipment was due to the add itional laser counter, the d ilu ter andpumps and miscellaneou s items. After the in-place p enetration equipment andprocedure is finalized , the time for carrying the equipment will be the same forboth in-place tests. The much longer test time for the penetration test can bered uced to be com parable to the leak test once the op tim um d ilu ter is d evelop ed .

Table 2. Comparison of time requirements for in-place leak and in-placepenetr ation measuremen ts on a single HEPAfilter insta lla tion .

Task Leak Test Penetration Testcarryequ ip men t to roof 2 min. 10 m in .Set u p equ ip men t 2 min. 3 min.Set up g enerator 8 min. 8 min.Test filter 2 min. 12 m in .Total 1.4 min. 33 m in.

13


16/24


We repeated the in-place penetration test two add itional times to assess therep eatability of the test. Figu re 9 show s the th ree in-p lace p en etration tests on th esingle HEPAfilter installa tion are very repeatable.

Figu re 9. Measurements of the filter penetration obtained with the in-placep en etration test ap paratu s sh ow n in Figu re 6 rep eated th ree tim es.

The second field evalu ation of the in-p lace p enetration m easu rem ent w as in atw o-stage I-EPA filter p lenu m u sing the shrou d sam pling m ethod . The shrou dsam pling m eth od allow s in divid ual H EPAfalters to be leak tested in dep end ent ofthe other HEPAfilters in a filter bank. This is done by placing shrouds on theu p stream an d th e d ow nstream sid e of in divid u al I-H A filters to effectively isolatethe H EPAfilter from all others in the filter bank. Each shrou d is a sheet m etal d uctthat is held against the HEPAfilter or frame on one end and has a reduced 1 x 1section on the other end . The u pstream shrou d is u sed for injecting aerosols, andthe d ow nstream shrou d is u sed for sam pling the d ow nstream aerosols. Figu re 10shows the front (A) and rear (B) sides of the upstream shroud , that is used toexp ose a H EPAfilter to a u niform aerosol con cen tration . Figu re 10 B shows therear sid e of the u pstream shrou d w ith the 9 p oint aerosol injection m anifold . Theaerosols are then mixed by a baffle plate seen in Figure 10 A and B and furtherd isp ersed by a screen seen in Figu re 10 B. The up stream shroud also has a sample

1 4


17/24

2 4t h DOE/N RC N UCL EA R A IR CL EA N IN G A N D T REA TM EN T CON FEREN CE

p or t for sam p lin g the ch allen ge con cen tr at ion . Th e d ow nstream sh rou d , sh ow n inFigure 11, has a 9 point sam pling m anifold and no internal mixing d evices. Thefilter leak or p enetration is obtained by sim ultaneou sly p lacing the u pstream andd ow nstream shrou ds against the H EPAfilter or fram e as show n in Figu res 12 and 13respectively.

(A)

*,

(B)

10. Upstream shroud for exposing ind ividual H EPAfilters in a filter p lenum toch allen ge aer osols. (A) sh ow s th e fr on t sid e, (B) sh ow s th e r ear sid e.

15


18/24

2 4t h DOE/NRC N UCL EA R A I R CL EA N IN G A ND T REATM EN T CON FEREN CE

!+..

Figure 11. Downstream shroud for sampling filter penetration or leak. Nine pointsampling manifold is seen from the inlet side facing the HEPA filter.

16


19/24

2 4t h DOE/NRC NU CL EA R A IR CL EA N IN G A ND T REA T M EN T CON FEREN CE

Figure 12. Downstream shroud forsampling aerosol penetration fromindividual filter. In-place penetra-tion equipment used in this test.

Figure 13. Upstream shroud forgenerating challenge aerosols.Laskin nozzle aerosol generatorused in this test.

The result of the in-place penetration measurement on one filter in the plenumis shown in Figure 14. We were unable to generate the required high concentration

of challenge aerosols to use the 10,000:1 diluter because the compressor shown inFigure 13 could not supply sufficient pressure to the Laskin nozzle aerosolgenerator. As a result, we used the 100:1 diluter with a lower aerosolconcentration. This resulted in lower precision and a longer sampling time thanwould be required with a higher aerosol concentration and a 10,000:1 diluter. Theupstream and downstream sample times were 2 and 8 minutes, respectively. Theequipment used for the in-place penetration measurement using the shroudmethod was the same as previously described for the single filter test.

17


20/24


Since the shroud m ethod only measures the penetration or leaks through thefilter, and not arou nd gasket leaks, a sep arate leak test is p erform ed on each filter.This is d one by d irectin g a concentrated aerosol challenge arou nd the p erim eter ofthe upstream sid e of the filter using a long tube. Another person samples theperim eter of the d ow nstream sid e of the filter using a long probe that is moved insynchronization w ith the u pstream challenge tu be. If the downstream leak is

greater than 0.03% of the u pstream concentration, then the filter is rep laced . Thistraverse leak test is far m ore conservative than the leak or penetrationm easu rem ent throu gh the filter becau se no signtilcant air volu me p asses throu ghthe leak compared to that flowing through the filter. Since the air flow through agasket leak p arth is not know n, the traverse leak test is not qu antitative, bu t rathera qualitative test. When using the laser counter in this leak test, the counterou tpu t is set to the concentration m od e and not the count mod e.

The conventional in-p lace leak test ind icated the filter in Figu re 14 had a leakof 2 x 10-4. We u sed a TDA-2EN photom eter and a TDA-5B aerosol generator, bothfrom ATI, for the in-p lace leak test. The test aerosol for the in-p lace leak test w asEmery 3004.

PLENUM AP=O.70H2O

Figu re 14. In-p lace p enetration m easu rem ent of a H EPAfilter in a p lenu m usingthe shrou d sam pling m ethod . Op en d ata obtained w ith H S-IAS, closed d ata w ithLASm.

18


21/24


We p erform ed a d etailed analysis of th e tim e requ irem en t for the in-p lace leakand the penetration test using the shroud method and tabulted the results inTable 3. The time requ irements for all of the tasks except for the downstreamm easu rem ents are com parable for the tw o in-p lace tests. As noted before, th e lon gd ownstream sampling times was primarily due to the inability to generate asufficient concentration. We anticipate that the in-place penetration

measu rem ent would not requ ire mu ch more time than the in-place leak test onceth e exp er im en tal test sy stem is op tim ized .

Table 3. Comparison of time requirements for in-place leak and in-placep en etration m easu rem en ts on a H EPAfilter ban k u sin g th e sh rou d m eth od .

] Task ] Leak Test ] Penetration Test [Equ ip men t set u p 10 m in. 15 m in .Equ ip ment w arm u p 10 min. 10 min.Upstream mess./ filter (5 m in .) (4 m in .)Up streti bank (16 filters) I WI min. I 64 min.Downstream mess./ filter --ln ....-.-- L.-.l. f3L 01

1~d r UUWI1 I o u 11111,Total I 135 mi

------- ------ .

.- i O. 3min.) (1O min.)I-JUWIH.I CdUl UtiIA1 ~ v Aers) 5 min. 160 m in .m-. A----- ?n : no 3 0 min.

,in. I 279 min. I

VI. Conclus ions

We h ave d em on strated th e feasibility of con du ctin g in -p lace p en etration testson h igh efficien cy p articu late air (H EPA)filter s as in stalled in n u clear v en tilationsystems. The in-place penetration test, which is d esigned to yield equivalentpenetration measurements as the standard DOP penetration tesL is based onm easu rin g th e aerosol p en etration of th e filter in stallation as a fu nction of p articlesize using a portable laser particle counter.(l) Ad ditional tests are required toconfirm that th e in-p lace p enetration test yield s id en tical resu lts as the stand ardDOP p enetration test for H EPAfilters w ith controlled leaks in the filter and gasketand d uct by-p ass leaks. Fu rther d evelop ment of the p roced ure is also requ ired tored u ce th e test tim e before th e in -p lace p en etration test is p ractical.

*

VU, Ackno wled~men~

We g ratefu lly ackn ow led ge th e assistan ce M r. Wayn e Kr au se an d Mr. Don aldBeason in th e sh rou d tests.

19


22/24


VII . References

1. MIL-STD-282 Filter Units, Protective Clothing, Gas-Mask Com ponents andRelated Products: Per for man ce-Test Meth od s, Meth od 105.9, Military Stan d ardMIL-STD-282, Commanding Ofllcer, Frankford Arsenal, Navy Depar tmen t, AITN:

SMUFA-N1100, Philadelphia, PA, 19137, (1974)

2. Am erican Society of Mech an ical En gin eers, Testing of Nuclea r Air Trea tmen tSystems, ASME Standard N51O-1989, The American Society of Mechanical ,

Engineers, 345 47th Street , NewYork, N.Y.10017, (1989)

3 . Am erican Society of Mech an ical En gin eer s , Code on Nuclear Air and GasTr eatm en t, ASME A G1-1994, Th e Am erican Society of Mech an ical En gin eers, 34547th Street , NewYork, N.Y. 10017, (1989)

4. Burchsted , CA,Kahn, JE, and Fuller, AB, Nuclear Air Cleaning Handbook, ERDA

76-21, National Techn ica l In formation Service, 5285 For t Royal Rd , Springfield , VA22161, (1976).

5. Parrish, EC a nd Schneid er, RW, Review of insp ection and testing ofhigh-efficiency particulate air filters at ORNL, in Treatment ofRad ioactive Wastes, In ternational Atom ic En ergy Agen cy, Vien na, p p(1968)

installedAirborne243-264,

6 . W. Bergm an , A. Bierm an n, W. Ku h l, B. Lu re, A. Bogd an off, H . H ebard , M. H all,D. Banks, M. Mazumder, and J. Johnson , Electr ic Air Filtr ation: Theory, LaboratoryStudies, Hardware Development, and Field Evaluations, LLNLReport, UCID-19952.January 9, (1984)

7. W. Bergman and A. Biermann, Effect of DOP Hetero-dispersion on HEPAFilterPenetration Measurements , in Proceed in gs of 18th DOE N uclear Airborne WasteN ian agem en t an d Air Clean in g Con feren ce, Baltim ore, MD, Au g. 12-16, 1984, p p.327-437, NTIS,Springfield, VA, CONF-840806, (1985)

8. Scripsick, R.c., Smitherman, R.L., and McNabb, S.A. operational evaluation .of the High Flow Alternative Filter Test System Proceed ings of 19th DOE/ N RCNuclea r Air Clean ing Conference, CONF-860820, National Technical In formationService, Springfield, VA 22161, pp 863-889, (1987).

9. Schusster, B and Osetek, D, The use of a single particle intra-cavity laserp article sp ectrom eter for m easu rem en ts of H EPA filters and filter system s 14thERDAAir Cleaning Conference, P.528, CONF-760822, NTIS, Springfield, VA, (1977).

2 0


23/24


10. O rtiz, J, In -p lace testin g of m u ltip le stage filter system s w ith ou t d isru p tionof plant operations in the plu tonium facility at Los Alamos, 18th DOE Nu clearAirborne Waste Management and Air Cleaning Conference, CONF-840806,NTIS,Springfield, VA, p. 209, (1985).

11. Ortiz, J, Bierm an n, A, an d N ich olson , R, Prelim in ary test r esu lts of a rou ndrobin test program to evaluate a nulti-stage HEPA filter system using singlep article size cou nts in Ad van ces in Filtration an d Sep aration Tech nology, 4, 213,American Filt ra tion Society, Gulf Publish ing Co., Houston, Texas (1991 ).

12. ASTM Standard Test Method for Air cleaning performance of a high-efficiency particulate air filter system, F-147 1-93, ASTM, 1916 Race St.Philadelphia, PA, 19103, (1993).

13. Martinez, V. Proced u re for in -p lace filter testin g Los Alam os N ation alLaboratory, Operating Manual, (1995).

14. Biermann, AH and Bergman, W, Filter penetration measu rements using acond ensation nu clei cou nter an d an aerosol p hotom eter J. Aerosol Sci., Vol. 19,No. 4, pp 471-483, (1988).

21


24/24

T e c h n i c a l I n f or m a t i o nD

e p ar t m e n t L

a wr e n

c e L i v e r m

or e N a t i on al L

a b or a t or y

Uni v e r s i t y

of C al i f or ni a L i v e r m

or e , C al i f or ni a

9 4 5 5 1

HEPA Leak Test

Documents

Transcript of HEPA Leak Test