Helping to Heal

Patti Wood

Helping to Heal

Patti WoodIllustrated by Sharmen Kimbrough

Helping to Heal, Third EditionCopyright © 2016 Patti Wood

All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced, scanned or distributed in any printed or electronic form without permission.

“Helping to Heal” is not intended to provide personal medical advice, which should be obtained from a qualified health professional. The author and publisher disclaim any liability arising directly or indirectly from the use of ideas, suggestions and recommendations contained herein.

This copy of “Helping to Heal” has been made available by a generous gift from the Peter and Jeri Dejana Family Foundation. To make copies of this book available

to others, please contact the Helping to Heal Foundation, 52 Main Street, Port Washington, NY 11050

Published by the Helping to Heal FoundationPrinted in the United States of America

ISBN 978-0-9749205-4-2

“Good nutrition and the avoidance of environmental toxins is an essential part of any therapeutic approach to cancer, and we are learning more and more about how these factors influence a patient’s individual biology and their response to therapy. Patti Wood’s sensitive and helpful book Helping to Heal provides parents with basic nutritional guidelines and practical information they can use to create a healthy and nurturing home environment for their children.”Barry Boyd, M.D., FACPDirector, Integrative Medicine Program, Greenwich HospitalAssistant Clinical Professor, Yale School of Medicine

“As a physician familiar with the research studies on which Helping to Heal is based, I prescribe this very readable and useful book for parents of children with a life-threatening illness, those whose children are perfectly healthy and those planning a pregnancy.”Lucy R. Waletzky, M.D.

“Patti Wood has written a highly informative guide for parents and other caregivers of children fighting serious illness. Here we have a common sense guide that explains how to navigate among chemical dangers in food, water and consumer products that may be present in everyday environments. This is a terrific resource for parents, physicians and others responsible for managing the recovery of our youngest and most vulnerable.”John Wargo, Ph.D.Professor of Environmental Risk AnalysisYale University

“Helping to Heal is a great resource, guide and companion for parents caring for children who are ill... a comprehensive guide for creating a safe environment that enhances the healing process. Patti Wood gives her knowledge with love and compassion to the parents who have embarked on this difficult journey, showing them the way and giving them hope with a book that embraces all aspects of supportive care.”Agnes Horvath, M.D.Pediatric OncologyChildren’s Hospital of Orange County

“Improving nutrition and reducing toxins are important for everyone, particularly for children. Those who suffer from chronic illnesses, however, need this most of all. Patti Wood has beautifully summarized complex scientific literature into an elegant, accessible manual for parents to help their children and themselves.”Maya Shetreat-Klein, M.D.Brainmending, Integrative Pediatric Neurology

“It is our expectation that the high-quality nutrition outlined in Helping to Heal will help children tolerate their treatments better, maximize their immune function and lead to improved short-term and long-term outcomes.”Karen Moody, M.D., M.S.Director, Integrative Medicine and Palliative CarePediatric Hematology/OncologyChildren’s Hospital at Montefiore

Patti Wood is a Visiting Scholar at Adelphi University’s College of Nursing and Public Health. She is the author of The ChildSafe School, an award-winning program that provides a framework for a comprehensive approach to reducing environmental toxins in schools. Ms. Wood also co-produced the documentary film, Our Children at Risk.

Sadly, one of the realities of modern life is that many chronic diseases are increasing in our children. Asthma, cancer, diabetes, autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are all on the rise. Many factors are responsible, including new technologies, lifestyle choices and toxic chemicals in our environment. But whatever the cause, the result is that more of our children are sick and more parents than ever must learn how to care for chronically ill children.

“Helping to Heal” will help parents cope with the frustration and sense of helplessness that comes all too often with caring for a sick child. It offers practical suggestions on nutrition and scientifically sound guidance on avoiding toxic exposures in and around the home. Simple, healthy activities for chronically ill children and their families, such as gardening and experiencing nature first-hand, are suggested to provide meaningful and happy times together.

Patti’s compassion and concern for the well-being of children and their families who need special attention and care are felt throughout this positive and wonderfully accessible book. As a pediatrician who is greatly concerned about the ever-increasing numbers of children in our society with chronic illness, I highly recommend this book for parents and caregivers.

Philip J. Landrigan, MD, MSc, FAAPDean for Global HealthProfessor of Preventive MedicineProfessor of PediatricsIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Foreword

Caring for a seriously ill child is one of the greatest challenges of parenting. It is a time when your instinct is to nurture and protect, but you may have feelings of helplessness and frustration while doctors and other health care professionals manage your child’s illness. One way to overcome these feelings is to become an active partner in your child’s healing process. This book focuses on your child’s diet and environment, two important considerations that you are best qualified to address.

With guidance from recognized experts in the field of nutrition, I offer some general guidelines for finding and choosing the most nutritious foods. Keep in mind when reading this section that even small changes in your child’s diet can be very beneficial.

I also want to share with you the many safe options when choosing products to use in and around your home, since children’s developing bodies and their typical behaviors make them more vulnerable to toxic exposures that are commonplace in our everyday lives.

With the information presented here, I hope you will discover the healing properties of wholesome, nourishing foods and be able to create a healthier home environment for your child. All of this, infused with the love and special care that only you can provide, can truly make a difference.

Introduction

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From the moment a child arrives in our lives, we worry about whether they are thriving on the food we provide for them. Today, we must consider not only the nutritional value of foods, but also their source, the processing methods and the presence of pesticides, dyes and other chemical additives. And because many children do not eat a wide variety of foods, they may be more highly exposed to the chemicals found in the few foods they do eat. A child’s body is particularly vulnerable because of its small size, rapid growth and still-developing immune, detoxification and elimination systems.

Children undergoing certain therapies may also have an increased risk of infection due to suppressed immune system function. Nutrient-dense, organically grown whole foods and pure water support the immune system and provide much-needed energy.

The guidelines in this section are designed to help you create meals for your child (and for your whole family) that will promote healing and good health in general.

Nutrition

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Nutritionists concur that eating organic, local, seasonal foods is the healthiest possible diet. However, since these ideal foods are not always available in grocery stores, it is worth the effort to locate other sources, including health food stores, co-ops, local farmers’ markets, farm stands and community supported agriculture (CSA) programs. CSA program members support a local farm by purchasing a share (also known as a “subscription” or “membership”) in return for a weekly box of freshly picked vegetables and fruits, eggs, dairy or meat products.

Produce certified “organic” by the USDA is grown without the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, biosolids (sewage sludge) or genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and will not have been irradiated.

If a complete switch to organic foods is not possible, try to purchase the organic version of those fruits and vegetables that your child eats most often. When choosing conventionally grown fruits and vegetables, select those containing the lowest pesticide residues. A list of these can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

As a general rule for shopping in grocery stores, stick to the outside aisles, where whole, fresh foods are most often found.

Healthy Food Sources

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Healthy Food Choices

• Fresh vegetables, especially broccoli, cabbage, carrots, celery, watercress, parsley, collards, spinach, swiss chard, kale, daikon radish, beets and beet tops

• Fresh fruits, especially apples, avocados, cherries, grapes, oranges, grapefruit, figs and berries

Some of your child’s favorite fruits may not be available during certain times of the year, so substitute with the organic frozen version. (Note: modern freezing techniques do not significantly diminish the nutritional value of foods)

Frozen berries are great served in a little dish with a spoon (blueberries, in particular, are a big hit with kids and are nutrient powerhouses). Cold, crisp apple slices with raw, organic, unsalted almond butter are often appealing and provide protein, fiber and vitamins.

• Freshly made stewed fruits, especially apples, pears, prunes and apricots

• Fresh vegetable and fruit juices

• Smoothies made from any combination of:

- fresh or frozen fruit (especially berries, peaches and bananas) - freshly squeezed or unsweetened fruit juice - almond, coconut, oat milk, plain yogurt or kefir - raw almonds which have been soaked overnight - raw, unsalted almond butter - leafy greens - avocado

• Clear broths, vegetable and miso soups

• Legumes, including lentils, peas and beans

• Cooked whole grains, including oatmeal, wild rice*, barley, millet and bulgur

• Breads made from sprouted flour, sprouted whole grains and seeds

• Pastas made from whole grains and seeds, including quinoa and buckwheat

• Nuts and seeds, especially almonds, walnuts, brazil nuts, coconut, macadamia nuts, sunflower, sesame and pumpkin seeds and cooked quinoa

• Raw nut butters

• Tempeh

• Seaweeds from Maine coast sources, certified free of contaminants

• Wild fish that has been certified free of contaminants. Smaller fish, like sardines and anchovies are less contaminated in general than larger fish and very nutritious, so it’s worth seeing if your child likes them.

• Organic grass-fed poultry & meats

• Organic eggs from free-range chickens

• Unrefined, unfiltered organic virgin olive oil and small amounts of unrefined, cold-pressed flaxseed, sesame, almond, macadamia and coconut oils

* Food exposures to arsenic are primarily from rice and rice products and until there are substantive changes in rice growing practices, the arsenic content in this important food source should caution you to use it sparingly, especially for children. (See recommendations for reducing arsenic content in rice through cooking practices at Helping2Heal.org). Traditionally harvested lake grown wild rice is a nutritious and healthy choice.

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• Encourage your child to help with the preparation of meals and snacks if they feel well enough. Studies show that children are more likely to try new foods if they play a role in their selection, preparation and cooking.

• Learn to make soups with lots of vegetables, miso or vegetable broth, seaweed and legumes. When soup is pureed in a blender or food processor, “objectionable” ingredients often become undetectable. Soup packs a huge nutritional punch in a bowl! It’s also easy to eat and comforting, even when stomachs are not feeling very well.

• Juicers are inexpensive and widely available and can be used for most fruits and vegetables. Experiment with combinations until you find a few your child really enjoys. Carrot, apple and celery is a good start. You can even add a handful of leafy greens, like parsley, kale or chard, without changing the taste.

• Learn to make healthy substitutes for favorite snack foods. Kale chips and baked sweet potato fries are delicious, and kids generally like them even better than the unhealthy versions. Carrot, celery and pepper sticks with homemade hummus, bean spread or guacamole for dipping are filling and satisfying and can even be a light meal. You can also experiment with other tasty and crunchy vegetables, such as fennel, turnips, broccoli and cauliflower.

• Prepare snacks ahead of time so they are always available. Wash bunches of organic grapes and freeze them for a refreshing cold treat, or mix favorite nuts, seeds, raisins or dried cranberries and package in small wax paper bags for eating at home or on the go.

• Introduce plant-based meals consisting of a cooked whole grain, a dark green leafy vegetable and two other vegetables, such as beets and winter squash.

• And finally…smaller and more frequent meals are often better tolerated than the typical three meals a day.

Recipes, suggested cookbooks and books on nutrition can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

Helpful Hints

• Refined and concentrated sweeteners, including white or brown sugar, high fructose corn syrup, corn syrup, fructose, sucrose, dextrose, glucose, invert sugar and maltodextrin. Raw unfiltered honey, pure maple syrup, blackstrap molasses, barley malt syrup and date sugar can be used sparingly. (Note: to prevent the possibility of infant botulism, honey should never be given to children under one year of age)

• Artificial sweeteners, flavors, dyes and chemical preservatives

• White flour (wheat) products, including pasta, bread, pastries, bagels, cookies, cakes, crackers and pretzels

• Conventional dairy products, including milk, cheese, ice cream and butter. Since these foods are common in children’s diets, smaller amounts can be offered and you and your child can experiment to find appealing substitutes. Fermented organic dairy products, like yogurt and kefir, are better choices.

• Fried foods, including chips, french fries and chicken nuggets

• Processed foods, which are more likely to contain GM soy and corn products as well as partially hydrogenated GM oils and high fructose corn syrup

• Farm-raised fish - Many fish farming practices are unhealthy, resulting in worrisome levels of contaminants in the fish, particularly farm-raised Atlantic salmon. However, if you know and trust a reliable source of farm-raised fish, enjoy this healthy food!

• Canned foods

• Microwaved foods

• Processed or deli meats

• Partially hydrogenated and hydrogenated vegetable oils

• Refined and processed polyunsaturated oils, especially corn, soybean, sunflower, safflower and cottonseed

Foods to Avoid

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A simple rule for cooking to preserve nutrientsand avoid unhealthy fats:

“Steam, don’t boil. Bake, don’t fry.” Even though it is convenient, using a microwave oven for cooking or heating food on a regular basis is generally not a good idea. Two health concerns to be aware of are non-uniform heating of foods that may contain harmful bacteria (e.g., raw meats) and the leaching of chemicals from plastic containers into the food while heating. The potential contamination of food from plasticizing chemicals is widely recognized and the subject of ongoing research. Any risks are easily avoided by using non-leaching, microwave-safe containers, such as glass, Pyrex®, CorningWare® or lead-free ceramic. A plastic container labeled “microwave-safe” only means it will not melt or crack when heated.

It’s almost as fast to put leftovers or a frozen meal in a pan, add a few tablespoons of water, cover and steam for a few minutes over low heat. Good choices for cookware and bakeware are stainless steel, cast iron, enamel-over-cast iron and glass. The coating on most brands of nonstick cookware contains a chemical called PFOA that can emit toxic fumes when heated to high temperatures. Scratched nonstick cookware may also contaminate food with loosened particles.

Longer cooking times and high-temperature cooking methods, such as frying, can form the chemical acrylamide in certain carbohydrate-rich foods. Acrylamide, widely recognized as a potentially harmful substance, is found in especially high levels in potato chips and french fries. Discard burned or over-browned toast and baked goods as these are also likely to contain acrylamide.

More information can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

Cooking Foods

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A few words of caution are also needed when it comes to the all-American backyard barbeque where hot dogs and hamburgers are usually on the menu for kids. The concern is that these meat products are usually highly processed, and may contain harmful preservatives as well as trace amounts of antibiotics and hormones. Meat from large commercial processors also brings more risk of contamination with E.coli and salmonella, both of which are imperative to avoid for children with compromised immune systems.

If this is not enough to give you pause, the high heat, dripping fat and smoke also expose cooking meats to several toxic chemicals and chemical compounds. These chemicals are produced when meat, poultry or fish (muscle proteins) are cooked at high temperatures (above 350 degrees), such as when grilling, broiling and frying.

But don’t put away your grill! All kinds of vegetables, tortillas, quesadillas, veggie-burgers and veggie-dogs are safe to grill, and may even become new family favorites. Just remember to scrape unhealthy charred or blackened areas off foods before consuming.

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Most fresh foods should be stored in a cool place or refrigerated to prevent them from spoiling or becoming rancid. This is especially true of nuts, grains and seeds, which should always be refrigerated, or even frozen. Fresh fruit is best ripened at room temperature and then eaten right away or refrigerated.

Plastic storage containers, while practical and resistant to breakage, may contain chemicals that can leach into food or liquids. Recent studies of the chemicals found in plastics bearing the recycling codes #1, #3, #6 and #7 suggest that ingesting even trace amounts of these substances may be harmful. Glass, stainless steel or CorningWare® containers for food storage are good substitutes and are widely available in convenient sizes. Or you can avoid clutter by simply using a ceramic or glass bowl covered with a plate. When you absolutely need to use plastic, the safest choices for food and drinks are those bearing the recycling codes #2, #4 and #5. Hot or warm foods should not be stored in plastic until they have cooled. And finally, if you can’t identify the type of plastic used in plastic bags, you may want to try unbleached wax paper, butcher or parchment paper or cellulose bags.

Storing Foods & Food Packaging

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Food packaging that is coated with grease and water resistant chemicals should also be avoided whenever possible. This type of packaging is most often used for pizza boxes, microwave popcorn bags and fast food or restaurant take-out containers. The coating contains perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) that are highly persistent, accumulate in our bodies and have the potential to cause serious long-term health problems. Food manufacturers and food establishments have many more safe packaging choices today than ever before. Ask for uncoated paper containers or provide your own.

Canned foods are also problematic. Almost every can (steel and aluminum) manufactured for the food industry is lined or sprayed with a plastic resin that contains the chemical bisphenol-A (BPA). While the amount of this endocrine disrupting chemical that leaches into the food may be small, we do not know how much exposure is safe. Because of widespread public concern, some manufacturers are now using cans that claim to be “BPA-free,” but little is known about the safety of the chemical substitute they are using. Many foods that traditionally come in cans, such as tomatoes and beans, are now also available in glass jars. Cooking beans from scratch and freezing them in your own safe packaging or containers is another good option.

If your child brings lunch to school, be aware that lead has been found in several brands of soft plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulated lunch boxes. Washable and reusable cloth and old-fashioned paper bags are good alternatives.

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If your child drinks out of a plastic water bottle, sippy cup or sports bottle every day, be aware that scratched plastic surfaces will leach chemicals more readily and may also harbor bacteria. Unbreakable, lightweight reusable stainless steel bottles and sippy cups are safer substitutes and they come in many sizes and colors with a choice of different tops for convenience. Glass bottles with protective silicone sleeves are also good choices.

Finally, choose baby bottles carefully to be certain of the purity of your baby’s formula or expressed breast milk. Glass baby bottles with silicone nipples are your best choice and warming infant formula in glass is worry-free.

Most clear hard plastic reusable bottles and cups are made from polycarbonate, a durable plastic whose main building block is a chemical called bisphenol-A (BPA). Because of widespread concern about this endocrine disrupting chemical, some manufacturers are now producing polycarbonate bottles and cups using a BPA substitute and labeling their products “BPA-free.” However, these products likely contain a related chemical, bisphenol-S (BPS), that is also a suspected endocrine disruptor.

More information about safe food storage, packaging and bottles can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

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A pure water source is essential. If you have well water, it should be tested for common contaminants, including arsenic, nitrates, pesticides, lead, solvents, pathogens and pharmaceuticals. Municipal water supplies are required to meet a federal standard for drinking water, but they may still contain unknown chemicals (contaminants not identified through current testing), lead from pipes or unwanted added chemicals, such as chlorine or fluoride. Fortunately, your water can be filtered in your home or apartment. Under-sink units that use a reverse osmosis process or structured matrix filter are two good choices. And if you own your home, a whole-house filter will remove chlorine from all water sources. More information about water purification can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

Drinking bottled water is not the answer. Indeed, many bottled water companies are taking water from municipal water supplies and not using any additional filtration or purifying processes. And the federal government imposes few regulations on bottled water. Even the plastic bottle may contain harmful chemicals that can leach into the water. If you have concerns about the quality of the water you are drinking, filling glass or stainless steel bottles with your own filtered water will give you peace of mind.

Pure Water

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Your choice for soaps, bubble baths, shampoos and body lotions is very important when you are trying to provide the safest environment for your child. Current government regulations do not require manufacturers of personal care products to put their products through rigorous safety testing before offering them for sale to the public. As a consequence, many personal care products contain harmful chemicals that can be absorbed through the skin, inhaled or accidentally ingested.

Products designed specifically for children are often dyed with bright, artificial colors and scented with artificial fragrances to make them “fun” to use. Ironically, these non-essential additives contain chemicals that are particularly harmful to children.

A growing number of manufacturers offer thoroughly tested and safe personal care products intended for use on infants and children. Many of their products are made from food-grade or plant-based materials and do not contain any chemicals known to be harmful.

See Helping2Heal.org for a list of safe personal care products for children.

Personal Care

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When it comes to cleaning hands, most pediatricians agree that washing with soap and warm water is just as effective as using an antibacterial product in preventing the spread of disease. Frequent hand washing throughout the day is just one of those good habits that will help protect your child throughout their life. Pure castile (plant-based) bar or liquid soaps with no added artificial dyes, chemical preservatives or fragrances are good choices.

Antibacterial soaps should be avoided because many of them contain triclosan, a chemical pesticide that raises both health and environmental concerns. You may feel safer using antibacterial products, but ironically, their use has been shown to add to the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria, or “super bugs.” Triclosan is also found in many other products, including toothpastes, toothbrushes, combs, toys, sandals, socks, pens and computer keyboards. Be wary of products whose labels say “antimicrobial,” “germ-free,” or “germ fighting.”

The use of alcohol-based sanitizers is also discouraged, as they are flammable and can leave a toxic residue on hands. Plant-based, waterless hand cleaners and sanitizers can be used if you are away from home or a source of water. Hand wipes and sprays containing thyme oil as a disinfectant are safe and using these in certain circumstances is just fine.

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A little sun exposure (10 to 15 minutes every day) is necessary and beneficial to your child’s health. Sunshine is the body’s best source of vitamin D, which helps fight off colds and flu as well as other diseases. If your child is going to be outdoors, especially when the sun is most intense (in most places, this is between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.), the safest way to prevent damage to their skin is to protect them with a hat and long-sleeved shirt and pants made from darker colored tightly woven fabrics. When fabrics get wet they lose some of their ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). If your child is going to be outdoors for an extended period, try to keep them in the shade as much as possible.

Sunscreens may actually do more harm than good if they are formulated with toxic chemicals that can be absorbed through your child’s skin. Chemicals to avoid in sunscreen products include PABA, dioxybenzone, oxybenzone (benzophenone-3), titanium dioxide, parabens, TEA and DEA.

Barrier-type sunscreens containing the mineral zinc oxide are your safest choices. Zinc oxide is the only FDA-approved ingredient for use on children under six months of age. The regular form of zinc oxide leaves a white residue on the skin, which in this case you want. Be wary of zinc oxide products that are clear because they are made from nano-sized particles and their safety has yet to be proven.

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Cosmetics also fall into the category of poorly regulated and tested products, so care must be taken to choose only those brands that give full disclosure of ingredients. Fingernail polish and nail polish remover contain particularly harmful chemicals, so it’s best to avoid them altogether. For that reason, your child should never accompany you to the nail salon. If your child really wants to make their nails look pretty, soak and pamper them and look for buffers that can polish nails to a high shine with no chemicals at all. If you find yourself in a battle over this, insist on using the least toxic nail products available and use in a well-ventilated room...or better yet, outdoors.

And finally, nothing is more comforting or relaxing for your child than a warm, soothing bath. If your child likes bubble baths, you can make your own safe and pure bubble bath solution using liquid castile soap, glycerin and perhaps a drop of essential oil. You can also give your child special attention after a bath (or any other time) with some simple massage techniques. Research shows that massage facilitates weight gain and decreases stress hormones. Touching in the form of gentle massage has long been established as therapeutic for both the giver and the recipient. Sesame is a good choice for massage oil because it also supports the immune system.

A list of safe personal care products for children and teens, including non-toxic head lice remedies can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

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When your child is ill, you understandably want to make your home as clean and germ-free as possible. But you need to be careful that the products you use are not doing more harm than good. Many familiar brands of all-purpose cleaners, window sprays, floor cleaners and bathroom products can cause eye, skin and respiratory irritation as well as more serious chronic health problems. Chemical disinfectants may kill some germs, but they can also seriously compromise our health and our environment, and contribute to the growing problem of resistant strains of bacteria. Avoid purchasing any cleaning product with a label containing the words “Danger,” “Warning,” “Caution” or “Keep Out of Reach of Children.”

Bio-based cleaning products made from botanicals, minerals, forestry and marine ingredients are generally friendlier to us and the environment.

Cleaning Products

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Air fresheners, odor eliminators and scented candles are of special concern since they contain chemicals that are formulated to linger in the air, creating a breathing hazard, especially for children with asthma. When they eventually settle, they also leave a toxic residue on every surface in your house. Aerosol-type fresheners may also contain dangerous propellants. The best way to make your home smell fresh and clean is to open windows often and allow fresh air to circulate.

According to the EPA, indoor air quality can be up to 100 times more polluted than outdoor air; and since a typical family spends about 90% of its time indoors, your choice of cleaning products is very important. Choose brands that provide full disclosure of ingredients on the label, and look for those with plant-based or bio-based biodegradable ingredients with no fragrances or dyes, petrochemicals, chlorine or ammonia. Be aware that the government does not regulate manufacturers’ claims such as “non-toxic,” “natural,” “earth-friendly,” or “environmentally safe.”

See Helping2Heal.org for a current list of household cleaners that will keep your house clean and your family safe.

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If you want to be absolutely certain of a cleaning product’s safety, you might consider making your own inexpensive and effective solutions from some of the following common kitchen ingredients:

Baking soda - cleans, deodorizes, scours, removes stainsWhite vinegar - cuts grease, cleans windows, unclogs drains, acts as a mild disinfectant and deodorizer, works as a fabric softener in the washLemon juice - bleaches, deodorizes, cleansCoarse table salt - removes rust; combined with lemon juice,polishes copperOlive or walnut oil - polishes furniture, removes non-latex paints and adhesives from hands Borax (also known as sodium borate) - cleans, bleaches, deodorizes, controls ants and cockroaches Washing soda - cuts grease, scours, removes stains Vegetable-based liquid soap (castile soap) - general purpose cleanerGrapefruit seed extract (GSE) - concentrated natural disinfectant that can be added to liquid hand soap as well as dish and laundry detergentsHydrogen peroxide - removes stains, can be used as a mild alternative to chlorine bleachToothpaste - polishes silverHot water - added to baking soda, borax or washing soda makes an effective scrubbing paste and increases efficacy Microfiber cleaning cloth - enhances the cleaning power of any of the above

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It is also important to choose safe products for washing clothing, towels and bedding. Many popular brands of laundry products leave chemical residues in fabrics that can cause skin irritation, neurological problems or allergic and asthmatic reactions in some individuals. Recent studies have also found widespread contamination from these chemicals in lakes and streams, as well as in drinking water sources.

Chemicals in dryer sheets, in particular, leave a lasting fragrance and oily residue on fabrics that can contaminate your home’s air and continuously expose your child through skin absorption and inhalation. To soften clothes and linens safely, simply add one-half cup of white vinegar to the wash cycle. (Note: permanent-press clothing and linens may be treated with toxic chemicals, including formaldehyde resins, that can be absorbed through the skin, so try to purchase items made from untreated, natural fibers whenever possible)

As with household cleaning products, look for plant-based, unscented, undyed brands that give complete disclosure of ingredients on their labels and clearly state they are safe for sensitive populations and the environment.

See Helping2Heal.org for a list of safe laundry products.

Laundry

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Simply put, children should never be exposed to pesticides under any circumstances. If you haven’t done so already, this is the perfect time to switch to natural or organic lawn care.

Lawn pesticides are poisons, designed to kill weeds, insects and turf diseases…but their toxic effects are not limited to these pests. Children are particularly at risk, as they naturally want to play outside on lawns, where they can be exposed to pesticides via skin absorption, inhalation and accidental ingestion through typical hand-to-mouth behavior. There are a growing number of scientific studies showing serious health risks associated with exposure to lawn pesticide products.

What to do? You can hire a certified landscaping company that provides organic lawn care, or look for organic products at your local garden supply store. Well-maintained organic turf will be thick and beautiful; it will require less water; it will be safe for pets and wildlife; it will not harm the environment or contaminate drinking water sources; and most importantly, it will be a safe place for your child to play.

To learn more about organic lawn care and review the latest science on pesticides and children’s health, see Helping2Heal.org.

Lawn Pesticides

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If your child plays sports on a school or municipal field that is treated with pesticides, you may want to ask your school district or town if they would consider a non-chemical program for turf maintenance. In the meantime, make sure your child washes his or her hands thoroughly after playing, and removes shoes before entering your house to avoid tracking pesticides indoors.

Artificial or synthetic turf fields composed of plastic and ground up recycled tire infill (crumb rubber) are becoming more common at schools and parks. While proponents of artificial fields cite lower maintenance costs and the accommodation of busy team sports schedules, there are also significant health risks that need to be taken into consideration. Most notably are dangerously high surface temperatures that can result in serious medical conditions related to heat stress. Other unresolved health-related problems include unusual joint and skin injuries, exposure to disinfectants and flame retardant chemicals and multiple hazardous chemical exposures from the crumb rubber, including lead, arsenic, cadmium, benzene and carbon black.

Information about natural management of lawns and playing fields and artificial turf can be found at grassrootsinfo.org, and can be shared with the decision makers in your school and community. Some states have enacted laws to prohibit the use of pesticides on school grounds. See Helping2Heal.org for more information.

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Indoor pests can usually be eliminated through blocking their access to food, water and habitat. Simple steps to keep unwanted visitors away include fixing leaky faucets, clearing out plastic and paper clutter, storing food in sealed containers and keeping food preparation areas clean and dry. Repairing ripped screens and sealing cracks in foundations or walls can also greatly reduce the presence of ants, roaches and flying insects.

If you do have an infestation, non-toxic baits or traps should be tried first. Other products such as diatomaceous earth, limestone, boric acid or borax powder may also be used with care. If you would rather leave these problems to a professional, there are a growing number of exterminators who offer non-toxic pest control.

Bedbugs have become a major problem in many places around the country. The best way to deal with these difficult pests is with high heat treatments. A qualified exterminator who offers this service will be able to eradicate the adults, larva and eggs without doing any harm to your family, pets or furnishings. A list of safe products and solutions for indoor pest control can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

Indoor Pest Control

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Swimming is wonderful exercise for kids and they love it! If you have a backyard pool, keeping it both clean and safe is now easier than ever. Many new technologies utilize chlorine-free systems or products to keep pool water free of algae and germs without compromising your family’s health. If you are considering installing a backyard pool, concrete or gunite, even though costlier, are healthier choices than PVC plastic.

If your child swims in a public pool, make sure he/she showers thoroughly with soap and shampoo after swimming to remove chlorine and other chemicals.

A list of resources for non-toxic pool maintenance can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

Pools

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Cell phones and other wireless technologies enable our children to communicate and entertain themselves, to keep track of their busy schedules and to do their homework. But there is a growing concern over the safety of exposure to the radiation emitted from these devices. In fact, several countries have taken steps to limit children’s exposure to this radiofrequency radiation (RFR) or microwave radiation based on a number of studies showing significant biological impacts. Even manufacturers warn consumers to hold their cell phones, tablets and computers away from the body.

There are some simple steps you can take to minimize your child’s exposure to our “wireless” world. Cell phone use should be limited to short conversations, and the speaker phone setting should be used whenever possible to keep the phone away from your child’s head. Text messaging or using a corded earpiece with an air tube will also eliminate direct head contact with the phone. “Talk less, text more” should definitely be added to your list of gentle reminders!

If your child must spend a good deal of time resting in bed, but wants to talk with friends, installing a corded or “land line” phone in their room is strongly recommended, as it carries no risk whatsoever. Placing cell phones under pillows or on bedside tables is definitely not a good idea and be aware that cordless phones and their bases are also radiation-emitting wireless devices. Streaming videos and playing games online result in higher levels of wireless radiation exposure, so download and then view or play with the computer or tablet in “airplane” mode. This is also a good technique for downloading e-mails, reading and responding.

Cell Phones & Wireless Devices

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Electrical Appliances An electromagnetic field (EMF) is created as electricity flows along a power line or cord. Some studies show that frequent and lengthy exposures to this field may be harmful. It would be prudent to keep your child’s bed away from a wall where the power lines come into your home, and to choose battery-operated clocks and radios for bedside tables. EMF levels created by most household appliances drop off at 3 to 4 feet, so keeping electrical appliances at least an adult arm’s length away from your child is playing it safe.

For peace of mind, you may want to contact your local utility who will measure the level of magnetic fields emitted by electrical appliances and equipment in your home.

If you are looking to purchase a new home or rent a new apartment, be wary of the proximity of high-tension power lines, transformers and cell phone towers.

If possible, do not install wireless (Wi-Fi) routers in bedrooms or rooms where your child spends a lot of time and turn the router off at night. Internet connections through ethernet cables connected to a router or modem present no risks and provide the same access to the internet as wireless systems. Ethernet connections are generally faster, too!

To keep up-to-date with the rapidly emerging science on wireless radiation and children’s health, visit Helping2Heal.org.

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If you are undertaking a remodeling or decorating project, you may want to add some additional criteria to your specifications list. Many construction and home decorating materials contain hazardous chemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can “outgas,” or vent fumes, for weeks or even months inside your home. These chemicals are typically found in synthetic carpets and carpet padding, kitchen cabinets and furniture made from particleboard and finishing products such as wallpaper, paints, stains, floor adhesives and sealants. Flame retardants are also chemicals of concern that are commonly found in building products and should be avoided where possible.

The good news is that more and more designers and manufacturers are aware of these potential health problems and are responding with greener materials and products. However, if you cannot find these safer alternatives, there are simple steps you can take to minimize exposure:

• Home renovations should be scheduled during the warmer months when windows can be opened and fans can be used to blow contaminated air out and bring fresh air in.

• Use damp cloths and floor mops to clean up construction dust, and shake out curtains, bedspreads and slipcovers outdoors.

Home Remodeling and Decorating

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When renovating your home, especially your child’s room or play area, the following tips can help reduce exposure to toxic chemicals:

• Use only VOC-free or low-VOC latex paints, stains, wood sealers and finishes. Milk paint, made from milk powder and organic color pigments, is extremely durable and the safest paint you can buy. Avoid stains with wood preservative chemicals as these contain pesticides.

• Use only VOC-free and formaldehyde-free building materials and wood products, including particleboard, fiberboard, plywood, cabinets and built-in furniture. Solid wood is always the best choice, especially for kitchen cabinets and other built-ins.

• Avoid products made with PVC (polyvinyl chloride) such as vinyl windows, vinyl blinds or flooring. Phthalates and heavy metal stabilizers are also avoided by choosing PVC-free products. Other chemicals of concern to stay away from in building materials include halogenated flame retardants used in some foams, insulation and wiring. Since there is no added fire safety benefit for this use, they should not be used.

• If you decide to install carpet, choose natural materials (such as wool or cotton) and take care to avoid stain resistant finishes. Avoid PVC and flame retardants in carpet padding and backing as well as pesticides used to repel insects and mold. For hard floors, avoid PVC/vinyl sheets or tiles and choose solid wood, bamboo, cork or linoleum. Marmoleum is an all-natural linoleum made from safe, bio-based materials and can be used for many different flooring projects.

Note: flame retardant chemicals continually migrate out of products into the dust in our homes and cars and eventually into our bodies. You can take steps to reduce exposures by vacuuming and damp mopping floors regularly, dusting with a damp disposable towel, washing hands before eating and asking a manufacturerabout their use of flame retardants before purchasing a new sofa, chair or infant product.

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• To avoid particleboard, look for new or used solid wood bedroom and playroom furniture. A lead detection kit, available at paint and hardware stores, will tell you if there is lead in old painted furniture.

• Select fabrics for curtains and bedspreads that are free of stain and water resistant chemicals. If this is not possible, wash items several times before using, first with baking soda and white vinegar and then with regular detergent. • Electronic equipment without brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are becoming more widely available as major companies are redesigning products using alternative materials which eliminate the need for these harmful chemicals.

• Look for latex or down-filled upholstered furniture and mattresses instead of polyurethane foam that is typically treated with flame retardant chemicals. Wool is naturally fire-resistant and can be used as both an upholstery fabric and infill material for furniture.

• Compact fluorescent bulbs (CFLs), while more energy-efficient, do contain a small amount of mercury. Use them in lighting fixtures where they are safe from accidental breakage by children. Long-life, energy-efficient LED bulbs are a safer option, and while initially more expensive, will save money over time. • Look for alternatives to plastic PVC shower curtains, which can outgas potentially harmful chemicals, including phthalates. Also avoid any shower curtains with claims of being “mold or mildew resistant,” as these products may contain triclosan or other antibacterial chemicals. Natural fibers, polyester and nylon are good choices.

More information and resources for green renovations and decorating materials can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

It’s hard to resist buying toys that will put a smile on the face of a child who is ill, but in this world of toy recalls, it’s important to be an informed parent. Toys that can cause physical injury and choking hazards are widely reported, but there are also chemical contaminants found in children’s toys to be concerned about.

Many plastic toys are made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a material universally recognized for its toxicity. PVC is the plastic bearing the #3 recycling code; new PVC toys can also be identified by a very strong odor. Chemical components of PVC may include lead and phthalates which may contribute to serious health problems, so it is especially important to avoid PVC in teethers and plastic toys that will be mouthed by young children. Look for plastic toys whose manufacturers advertise that their products are “lead-free,” “phthalate-free” or “PVC-free.”

Even though U.S. law sets a stringent standard for lead content in children’s toys, some foreign manufacturers of inexpensive metal toy jewelry or trinkets still use lead, or have replaced it with cadmium, an even more dangerous heavy metal which is not currently prohibited by U.S. law. Young children are most at risk because they may chew or suck on these items.

Toys

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Choose stuffed toys that are machine-washable and made from safe fabric and filling materials. Unwashable toys are often treated with chemicals to make their fabrics stain and water resistant. These chemicals may exacerbate symptoms in allergic or asthmatic children, and may be implicated in more serious health problems. Young children, who often put their hands or toys in their mouths, are especially vulnerable. New toys should be washed before your child plays with them, and then washed regularly. Placing them in the dryer on high heat will also kill dust mites.

Art activities can engage children of all ages, providing an outlet for creativity, expression and distraction. Even if your child has not previously shown a keen interest in art, a gift of a new set of colored pencils, beeswax crayons or non-toxic paints and a blank pad may inspire them to try a new activity. Studies show that engaging in all types of art reduces stress and promotes positive feelings. Encourage your child to draw a picture from his or her imagination or perhaps suggest painting or drawing from nature. Leaves, flowers, pinecones and seedpods can easily be brought inside and arranged to inspire a still life masterpiece!

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A word of caution! Art materials may contain toxic chemicals, so care must be taken when selecting them for your child. There is no current standard for non-toxic art materials that you can rely on, but you should avoid products with the signal words “Danger,” “Warning,” “Hazardous,” “Caution,” or “Keep Out of Reach of Children.” Steer clear of permanent, scented or white board markers, oil paints and turpentine, fabric paints, spray adhesives, aerosols, super-glues, solvents, polymer clays, pastel chalks and rubber cement.

Also, always make sure there is adequate ventilation in your child’s work space and that they wash their hands after using any art materials, especially before eating.

A list of companies that offer safe toys and games, washable and lovable stuffed animals and dolls, art materials and wonderful wooden toys can be found at Helping2Heal.org.

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Outdoor activities provide strengthening exercise and fresh air…or at the least, a change of perspective. It is well documented that unstructured, outdoor time is important for children of all ages, but only a small percentage of today’s children play outside on a regular basis!

Beaches, nature centers, botanic gardens and state or local parks all can provide healthy, natural spaces for enjoying the outdoors. Parks or schools with creative playgrounds or trails for hiking are also great destinations.

Being in touch with nature is also important for your child’s mental, physical and spiritual health. Can your child identify common backyard birds or the trees on your street? Can you remember the last time you lay together on the grass and watched the clouds drift by? Whenever the weather permits, encourage your child to spend time outdoors.

Healthy Outdoor Activities

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Planning and planting an organic vegetable garden is another way to explore the magic of plants as well as a chance to grow some of the new vegetables your child has discovered. In just a few weeks or months, your child can watch a seed sprout, turn into a plant with flowers and produce something edible! If this idea is attractive to you and your child, please see Helping2Heal.org for garden ideas.

Gardens teach children so many valuable lessons, especially patience! And of course, nurturing. Planting a seed, waiting for tiny seedlings to appear and caring for them as they grow is an experience children are naturally drawn to.

Planting a tree also provides a wonderful opportunity for your child to bond with nature. “Volunteer” tree seedlings or a small locally-grown specimen are most likely to thrive and easiest to plant, whether it be in your own backyard, a school yard or a community green space. A child can only feel pride and accomplishment in this small act of giving a gift to the earth.

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While it may not be possible for your child to attend camp, a family camping trip might be a good way for you to enjoy nature together. Children instinctively like to explore, and campgrounds as well as nearby nature preserves or wildlife sanctuaries are good places to do this. Your child can participate in the camping experience on many levels, such as reading a book or writing in a diary by flashlight while tucked into a sleeping bag, swimming in a lake or gathering wood for a fire. Camping adventures create very special memories for everyone.

For those who would rather stay closer to home, just spreading a blanket on a beach, in a park, or in your backyard and waiting for the first stars to appear can be a memorable event.

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For indoor activities, a new game or book, puzzles, or a craft project can engage as well as distract when the hours seem long. Learning to play familiar songs on a simple musical instrument can provide a wonderful sense of pride and accomplishment. Small electronic keyboards or lap harps are inexpensive and good for beginners. A shallow indoor sand box, a miniature rake and a collection of stones or shells for arranging and re-arranging can keep children calm and busy for hours. See Helping2Heal.org for details and more suggestions.

Yoga is also great for all ages, and instructional programs are easy to find for home use. Look for beginner or children’s classes or even restorative yoga for adults. This is fun to do with your child, as the movements are easy to learn, and everybody benefits from this gentle exercise.

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Healthy Indoor Activities

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Avoid congested downtown areas or busy city streets where vehicle exhaust, especially from diesel-powered trucks and buses makes the air unhealthy to breathe. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), among other public health agencies, considers reducing exposure to diesel exhaust a priority, especially for children.

Amusement parks, water parks, malls and other crowded public spaces are also potentially unhealthy destinations. They can overstimulate and may be a source of transmissible infections, even when they don’t tempt with unhealthy foods. Video games, too much television and even loud music can put stress on a child whose body needs a quiet healing environment.

Activities to Avoid

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Acknowledgements

Heartfelt thanks to my two wonderful daughters: Maggie, for her creative and beautiful design work on this book and accompanying website; and Kate, whose writing talents and helpful suggestions were insightful and invaluable.

Thanks also to Judy Epstein, for her superb editing skills and sharing of another mother’s perspective; and to Sharmen Kimbrough, for her beautiful illustrations.

Finally, my deep gratitude to Joanne Piluso, for her vision and for caring so much.

The accompanying website, Helping2Heal.org, will be kept up-to-date with other helpful website links, the latest scientific studies, recipes, ideas and products.

Printed on environmentally friendly paper using soy-based inks by Stuyvesant/Green Earth Press, Irvington, NJ

Helping to Heal Foundation52 Main Street • Port Washington, NY 11050