Helping The World CommunicateManagingClimateChange ICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION VIRTUAL...

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CommunicateCommunicate

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I nternational Telecommunication Union

ICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATIONICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUMVIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM

23 SEPTEMBER, 200923 SEPTEMBER, 2009

GENEVA, SWITZERLANDGENEVA, SWITZERLAND

ICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATIONICT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUMVIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM

23 SEPTEMBER, 200923 SEPTEMBER, 2009

GENEVA, SWITZERLANDGENEVA, SWITZERLAND

Cosmas L. Zavazava, PhDHEAD, LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES

AND EMERGENCY TELECOMMUNICATIONS

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TRENDS IN DISASTERS

Natural Disasters – Reported 1900-2008

Much of the Increase in the number of hazardous events reported is probably due to significant improvement in information access and also population growth but the number of floods and cyclone being reported is still rising. What we must ask, is Global warming affecting the frequency of natural hazards?

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Source : Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia and the Hadley Centre of the UK Meteorological Office.

Mean 1961-1990

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CLIMATE CHANGE TRENDS Mean temperature increases by the end of this century of up to 4%

centigrade and sea levels rising by up to 60 centimeters

The 10 warmest years on record have all been since 1990

Over the last century, average global temperatures have risen by 0.6 degrees Celsius being the most drastic temperature rises over 1000 years in the northern hemisphere.

Glaciers are melting and Sea levels are rising and forecast to rise another 88 cm by 2100

Globally sea level rise threatens 100 million people living below this level

Number of people affected by floods worldwide has risen from 7 million in the 1960s to 150 million today

Overall, ICT could save 15% of the total greenhouse gas emissions expected in 2020 or 7.8 billion tons of CO2 equivalent out of an assumed total of 51.9 billion tonnes.

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ICT and Climate Change Adaptation A tool for dissemination of information

on climate change A medium for increasing awareness and

facilitating dialogue about the effects

of climate change A tool for monitoring and measuring climate

change, assessing its effects, and controlling interactions with the environment

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ITU WORK ON ADAPTATION

DELIVERING LAST MILE SOLUTIONS

Environmental scanning to identify, assess, monitor, detect and predict risks.

Develop ICT infrastructure for accessibility and early warning systems taking into account climate change impacts

Design and develop new, creative and innovative practices to reduce vulnerability and incorporate resilience through ICT

Regeneration of ICT projects incorporating climate change measures Design National Emergency Telecommunication Plans to enhance

preparedness through institutional building. Develop standard operating procedures Develop guidelines on regulation and legal frameworks in the use of ICT

for disaster management and capacity building Design and develop ICT tools to support early warning systems Deploy remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems for

disaster preparedness Forge partnerships with communities, public – private sectors

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ITU Work on e-Environment

Co-facilitator of WSIS Action Line C7 on e‑Environment

Develop guidelines, training materials and toolkits on technology & policy aspects of e-Environment applications

Assist developing countries in implementing relevant ICT applications for environment and sustainable development

Mandate: Resolution 35, ITU Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994) & Resolution 54, ITU World Telecommunication Development Conference (Doha, 2006)

ITU mandate on ICT applications and strategies:

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ICTs for e-Environment Report Objective:

Provide guidelines for developing countries on the use of ICTs for better management and protection of the environment as a key part of their development process, with particular focus on climate change

Examines six areas of ICT use: Environmental Observation Analysis Planning Management and Protection ICT Mitigation and Capacity Building

http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/cyb

http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/cyb

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The Toolkit will include:

A list of first tier and secondary indicators The e-Environment Readiness Index (EERI):

Methodology and calculations for assessing e-environment readiness

Guidance for developing an e-sustainability strategy

Online and other resources regarding e-environment indicators

Components of the e-Environment Toolkit

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ADAPTATION AND PRIORITIES OF THE HYOGO FRAMEWORK

Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation:

o Locally: To focus on severely impacted communitieso Nationally: Strengthen existing policies to enhance a country’s ability to

respond to it’s vulnerabilities to climate changeo Regional and sub- regional: Plan, harmonize and coordinate measures to be

taken.

Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning

Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels

Reduce the underlying risk factors

Strengthen disasters preparedness for effective response at all levels

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KEY ADAPTATION ISSUES: DEFINITIONS

Adaptation: Study, evaluation and change of current policies and practices to respond to climate change and it’s associative impacts.

Adaptation capacity: Ability of a system to adjust itself in order to cope with climate change variability.

Flexibility: The ability to adapt to climate change through appropriate judgment and strategies.

Mainstreaming: Taking on board climate change issues when designing national policies, programmes and priorities (to include climate related risk, vulnerability and options for adaptation in the ICT sector)

Vulnerability: Degree to which an area is susceptible to harm due to exposure to such as climate change

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EFFECTIVE APPROACHES TO ADAPTATION

Engage stakeholders

Identify and set priorities for action

Assign responsibility for action and monitor implementation

Keep adaptation strategies under regular review

IMPORTANT

Under – adaptation: Climate change factors are given insufficient weight Over – adaptation: Climate change factors are given too much weight Mal – adaptation: Decisions are taken resulting in more vulnerability to

climate change

Adaptation = Flexibility

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GUIDING PRINCIPLE: RESILIENCE

PreventProtectPrepareDetectRespondReview

EMPHASIS ON RESILIENCEVISION

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ADAPTATION RESILIENCE STRATEGY

RESILIENCE REINFORCES PRERAREDNESS

Standard Advanced

Standard

Advanced

Degree of Functionality

Resilience

PreparednessIncident

Response Capability

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ICT ELEMENTS:CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

Information Systems

Socio-economic data

Hazard, vulnerabily, crisis maps Common spatial

data infrastructure

Web servicesSemantic web

Telecommunications Systems

IPv6

Wimax

Positioning systems

CAP , TSOUMTS

Cell Broadcasting

UWB

TETRA/TETRAPOL

UAV

SensorWeb

Observing Systems

EO satellites

In-situ sensors HALE

Smart dust

Remote sensing

Interoperable Command Control Communication

systems

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Pre-Disaster: High Resolution Satellite Imagery

Post-Disaster: High Resolution Satellite Imagery

TIM

E

GIS: CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

Pre/post disaster satellite imagery

Geographical information systems: For capturing, storing, analyzing, management and presentation of data that refers to or is linked to location (important for analyzing spatial information, edit data, maps).

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CONCLUSION

Impacts transverses across many sectors: forest, energy (power and transport), agriculture, landfills and industry

Strategies to address Climate ChangeAdaptation Mitigation

Policy study on climate change will consolidate national policy, which provides the direction and the strategy to address climate change

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RECOMMENDATIONS

Identify and set priorities for actionForge multi-disciplinary

partnershipsAssign responsibility for action and

monitor implementationKeep adaptation strategies under

regular review

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RECOMMENDATIONS Enhance Cooperation and Coordination among

scientific agencies and institutions to maximize resource use

Embark on institution building and strengthening in this area

Develop, deploy, and integrate low-cost, affordable and innovative ICT systems into early warning systems to facilitate universal dissemination, and access to information at local, national and regional levels

Design and implement Emergency Telecommunications Plans and Climate Change Adaptation Plans

Tel: +41 22 730 5447

[email protected]

www.itu.int/itu-d/emergencytelecoms

THANK YOU

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