(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

Institusi Alternatif dalam Operasi Perdamaian selain PBB : Pasukan Penjaga

Perdamaian Regional dan Operasi Multilateral

Oleh :Helga Yohana Simatupang / 355781

MEMBER COUNTRIES

“The most important players in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization are the member countries themselves”

BASIC POINTS

A Political and Military

Alliances

The Transatlantic

Link

Collective Defence

The 2010 Strategic Concept

Political promotes democratic values and encourages consultation and cooperation on defence and security issues.Military committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If diplomatic efforts fail, it has the military capacity needed to undertake crisis-management operations.Article 5 of the Washington Treaty an attack against one or several members is considered as an attack against all.

NATO is an alliance of countries from Europe and North America.

“Active Engagement, Modern Defence”

ACTIVITIES

Decisions and Consultations

Operations and Missions

Partnerships

Developing The Means To Respond To

Threats

A “NATO decision” is the expression of the collective will of all 28 member countries

since all decisions are taken by consensus.

Afghanistan ~ Kosovo ~ Counter-piracy ~ Monitoring the Mediterranean ~

Supporting the African UnionCooperation with :

- Countries who willing to work and develop a relationship with NATO- A wide network of international

organizationsEngage in continuous transformation for many years to ensure NATO has the policies, capabilities, and structures

required to deal with current and future threats.

WORKING STRUCTURES

NATO IN AFGHANISTAN

• NATO’s primary objective in Afghanistan is to enable the Afghan authorities to provide effective security across the country and ensure that the country can never again be a safe haven for terrorists.

• NATO agreed to take command of the force in August 2003 and the UN Security Council subsequently mandated the gradual expansion of ISAF’s operations to cover the whole country by October 2006.

• As part of the international community’s overall effort, ISAF is working to create the conditions whereby the Afghan government is able to exercise its authority throughout the country, including the development of professional and capable Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF). In so doing, ISAF helps create a secure environment for improving governance and socio-economic development and creating sustainable stability across Afghanistan.

 International Security Assistance Force (ISAF’s Mission) 

ANALYSIS

• Post-Cold War period The decline in superpower rivalry changing nature of peace operations challenges for UN

• The evidence UN became increasingly active in a diverse range of operations in selective areas in the early post-Cold War period often in response to international media exposure, but also on the demand of members of the UN Security Council particular interest in different conflicts.

The demand that the UN ‘do something’ in the face of a crisis may not have always provided the best reasoning for becoming involved in conflicts where the parties have not agreed to the UN’s intervention and in which humanitarian motives are predominant.

ANALYSIS

“The attacks of 11 September 2001 are more a demonstration of evolutions that had been going on for years than an unexpected event that would mark the beginning of a new era.”

Evolution of Peace Operation on Post-Cold War period :- Dynamics among international players : development of

peacekeeping concepts and practices, anti-terorism (forefront of national security interests), partnership between UN and other orgs become more prominent.

- Major players in peace operation : UN, regional orgs, states, NGOs, non-state actors level of integration approach : Hybrid/Joint Operation or Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs).

- Nature of conflicts : intra-state conflicts, new wars, civilian population increasingly the target, disputants often unwilling to negotiate.

O’Neill, John & Rees, Nicholas, United Nations Peacekeeping in the Post-Cold War Era.

St Pierre, Kristine, Then and Now: Understanding the Spectrum of Complex Peace Operations. Paper of Pearson Peacekeeping Centre.

REFERENCES

THANK YOU !