Heisenberg - if.pwr.edu.plmmulak/Introduction to Modern Physics/Heisenb… · Microsoft PowerPoint...

THE WAVE NATURE

OF PARTICLES

• Heisenberg UncertaintyPrinciple

• Wave function (x) interpretation

• Schroedinger WaveEquation

Heisenberg Principle 1MM/WUST

From: Young & Zemansky, University Physics


Heisenberg principle

we locate the electron by reflecting the photon from it (highest precision)

xcollision: transmission of photon momentum uncertainty of the momentum of the electron

h

p

hpx pp



00 p )0( v

x

Exact wavelength p

h

0Heisenberg Principle 4MM/WUST

fundamental constraint in Nature

measurement act disturbs the system ( inevitable interaction between the observer and the object of observation)

independent of the accuracy of the measuring equipment


htE

fhEhfE

ft


From: Harris Benson, University Physics

Max Born (1882-1970)

Nobel Prize with W. Bethe (1954)

interpretation of by probability

„Quantenmechanik”


Schroedinger equation

Erwin Schroedinger (1926) NN 1933

Newton equation classical mechanics

Maxwell equations electromagnetism

Paul Dirac physics + chemistry

R. Oppenheimer

4 quantum numbers

- chemical properties & bindings

- periodic table


HP


Paradox of Schroedinger's cat


Heisenberg - if.pwr.edu.plmmulak/Introduction to Modern Physics/Heisenb… · Microsoft PowerPoint...

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