Heise cusimano
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Transcript of Heise cusimano
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Engineer Exceptionally Capable
Project TeamsFebruary 2012
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Engineered organizational capability produces predictable results
• Organizational capability doesn’t just happen
• Design a more predictable organization
• Rehearse the team, measure and adjust
• Case study
• Question and answer
The new reality
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Where have we invested in predictability?State of the industry
People
Process Technology$ $
Complex Variable
Organizational capability is the largest single opportunity to
improve predictability
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Creating the right conditions improves predictability
Misconception #1
Best Practices
CapabilityHappensBenchmarks
Experienced People
Organizational capability doesn’t just happen – there is no cause and effect
The reality
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“We get it about 90% right”
• Every project and team is different enough
• Every work requirement that isn’t matched by a capability incurs a 15% productivity penalty
Misconception #2
Who shows up this time?
It’s typically about 60% rightThe reality
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We can fix the other 10% on the fly
• Failure is attributed to individuals or sub-teams
• Continual reworking is accepted as inevitable
• Exchanging people for others “more qualified” is expected
Misconception #3
People failures are, more often than not, design failures
The reality
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Engineer organizational capabilityA new reality
Match the Organization to the
Work
Measure and Adjust
Rehearse the Team and Learn
• Understand gaps and mismatches
• Design for an uninterrupted flow of work
• Conference room pilots
• Computer simulations
• Project phase transitions
• Disruptive events and conditions
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Rehearsals, conference room pilots and table top demonstrations
• Good for single business processes
• Anticipate and prepare
• Respond rather than react
• Develop and test solutions to known or likely failures
Real time simulation
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Computer simulation of complex organization behavior
• Apply to entire team and project scope
• Design prior to execution
• Adjust to adverse conditions and test solutions
• Identify unknown risks and weaknesses
Non-real time simulation
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A ten-minute rehearsal prior to surgery dramatically improved predictability
• Wrong site surgeries eliminated
• Improved patient recovery rates
• Nursing turnover rate decreased from 23 percent to 7 percent
• Positive perceptions of teamwork doubled
Kaiser Permanente improvement program
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Practical simulation methods are easy to apply and produce useful insights
SimVision® technology and methods
ROI
Quality and Safety
Schedule Variability
Organization Culture andLeadership
Work Processes
People, Skills, Experience
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Compare three possible organization strategies for a new project
• Use a high-level work plan and schedule as a test bed
• Simulate three different owner-contractor relationships– Compare overall project outcomes– Quantify quality risks
• Look for advantages associated with various conditions and contractual arrangements
Informed project design
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Each strategy is intended to enable specific outcomes
Quantify the expectations
Best Player
• Project team is a hybrid of Owner and Contractor personnel• Staffing of each function is determined by core experience• Take maximum advantage of available expertise• Intended to be lowest-cost
Audit
• Contractor staffs project functions• Owner team reactively audits performance and seeks
corrections and improvements • Intended to be highest-quality
Dual Player
• Contractor staffs project functions• Owner team works proactively to remove barriers, prevent
delays and enable superior outcomes• Intended to minimize schedule variance
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Audit and Dual Player have a 20% to 50% higher staff cost than Best Player
On this project
• Both require more Owner-Contractor coordination
• Audit creates more rework to be performed by the Contractor
• Dual Player facilitates the Contractor’s job and proactively avoids rework
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Audit and Dual Player impact staff cost and predictability in different ways
On this project
• Audits increase Contractor costs and uncertainty
• Dual Player makes the Contractor’s work more predictable and about 25% less-costly
• Owner adds staff in both cases
+/- 3 sigma
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Audit makes the schedule less predictable
On this project
• The retrospective nature of Audit creates significant schedule growth and uncertainty
• Dual Player improves predictability and might increase total time
+/- 3 sigma
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Audit and Dual Player produce a significant quality advantage
On this project
• Predictable results
• Complies with standards
• Performed according to plan
+/- 3 sigma
Low
Hig
h
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Audit and Dual Player improve communication and safety
On this project
• Communications are clear, timely and beneficial
• Information is available where and when its needed
• Communication is more carefully planned and managed
+/- 3 sigma
Low
Hig
h
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Simulation and rehearsal are most valuable when uncertainty is greatest
• Project conceptualization
• Team formation and start up
• Phase transitions such as from Pilot to Full Scale Production
When to apply
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Project teams can be engineered and optimized for success
• Combine simulation science with experience
• Match the organization structure to the work at every phase
• Rehearse and learn
Summary