Heavy rainfall observation in Jeju Island, Korea (2012-2013) Le… · Pukyong National University...
Transcript of Heavy rainfall observation in Jeju Island, Korea (2012-2013) Le… · Pukyong National University...
Pukyong National University
Dong-In Lee
22 October 2013
2013 APEC Typhoon Symposium
Heavy rainfall observation in Jeju Island,
Korea (2012-2013)
NIMR
: : 2009/6/5 ~ 8/12
Jeju & Marado
: 2006/6/22 ~ 7/12
2012/6/25 ~ 7/15
2013/6/13 ~ 7/18
Ieodo
: 2007/6/8 ~ 6/14
: 2008/6/22 ~ 7/8
: 2009/6/7 ~ 6/24
: 2010/6/29 ~ 7/8
2011/6/15 ~ 7/8
2012/6/29 ~ 7/7
Chujado
: 2007/6/21 ~ 7/10
: 2009/6/24 ~ 7/18
Kanto
: 2010/10 ~
2011/11
Taramajima
: 2007/6/2 ~ 6/17
Taiwan
: 2008/5/15 ~ 6/30
: 2010/5/20 ~ 6/16 Okinawa
: 2010/5/31 ~ 6/21
: 2010/6/22 ~ 12/30
2011/5/23 ~ 6/17
Intensive Observation Campaign (GRL-PHONE)
Introduction
to investigate the heavy rainfall over Mt. Halla in Jeju Island
during the Changma season (IOP-2012 & 2013).
The purpose of this study
Width: 78 km
Length: 35 km
Height: 1,950 m
Topography of Jeju Island (interval: 200 m)
2
3
1 Orography plays an important role
in controlling cloud formation,
amount and precipitation
distribution. (Lin, 2007)
The size and shape of topography
has a profound effect on the ultimate
distribution of flow and precipitation
around the ground. (Houze, 2011)
To prevent or reduce natural
disaster by orographic precipitation,
actual observation and accurate
analysis is necessary.
Lee et al. (2012) analyzed the enhancement mechanism of an precipitation system using
dual S-band Doppler radar data in 2007.
In previous study, the detailed 3–dimensional radar data analyses indicated that an isolated
elliptic–shaped mountain of Jeju Island modified low–level wind and generated local wind
convergence zone.
(Lee et al., 2012)
It is necessary to investigate the enhancement mechanism of precipitation system passing
around Jeju Island in Changma season because it was one of the case study.
Previous study
to investigate the heavy rainfall over Mt. Halla in Jeju Island
during the Changma season (IOP-2012 & 2013).
The purpose of this study
• Period : 25 June ~ 15 July 2012
• Instruments :
– KMA
• 2 S-band Doppler radars
• 1 GPS sonde
• 23 Raingauges
– PKNU
• 1 GPS sonde, Automatic weather
system (Supersite)
• 7 Parsivel
• 13 Raingauges
Intensive Observation on Jejodo in 2012
Topography of Jeju Island
PR1 PR2 PR3
PR4 PR5
PR6 PR7
975 m
The height of parsivel site
Image of site in 2012
Observation sites
PR1
PR2 PR3
PR4
PR5 PR6
PR7
R1
R2
R6
R3
R4
R5
S1
Intensive Observation on Jejodo in 2013
S1
S2
S3
2D1
2D2
2D3
PR1
PR2
PR3
PR4
PR5
PR6
PR7
RG1
RG3 RG2
RG5
RG4
• PKNU
– 2 GPS sondes & 1 LPC
– 2 Automatic weather systems
– 3 Ultrasonic anemometers
– 15 Raingauges
– 1 2DVD & 6 Parsivels
• KNU - 1 2DVD
• IJU - 1 2DVD & 2 Parsivels
• KMA & NIMR
– 2 S-band Doppler radars
– 1 GPS sonde & Mobile sonde
– 23 Raingauges
• GISANG 1 HO
– 1 GPS sonde & 1 PM10
– 1 Automatic weather system
Topography of Jeju Island
Image of site in 2013
RG1
RG3
RG2
RG5
RG4
S1
S2
2D1
2D2
2D3
PR1
PR2
PR3
PR4
PR5
PR6
PR7
Remote Surveillance System
Monitor
Mobile
• Display contents
- Network status
- S/W status
- Running time and restart time
Developed Software program
• The real-time display program using 2DVD data
• Display contents
– Rain rate vs Time
– Velocity vs Diameter
– Oblateness vs Diameter
– Drop Size Distribution
– Filter setting function to revise the particle of excessive fall velocity (Kruger and Krajewski,
2002 : 2DVD description)
2DVD display program
2012 Case (13 July 2012)
2013 Case (26 June 2013)
Case overview in 2012 & 2013
2012 Case (13 July 2012)
2013 Case (26 June 2013)
Synoptic analysis in 2012 & 2013
Radar analysis & Sounding in 2012
2012. 07. 13 09:00 LST
(Before precipitation)
2012. 07. 13 15:00 LST
(After precipitation)
• Reflectivity distribution at 2 km ASL
from 1100 to 1320 LST on 13 July
2012
• Intense reflectivity exceeding 51 dBZ
observed on north and northeast sides
of Jeju Island
Radar analysis : 2012. 07. 13. 11:50 ~ 13:00 LST
Reflectivity distribution at 2 km ASL from 1150 to 1300 LST
on 13 July 2012
Retrieved horizontal wind (u-v) and reflectivity
Convergence and reflectivity (cross section)
Convergence and reflectivity
Wind field analysis : 2012. 07. 13. 12:00 ~ 12:50 LST
s-1
dBZ 1200 LST 1210 LST
1220 LST
1240 LST 1250 LST
1230 LST
1220 LST 1230 LST 1240 LST 1210 LST
2012
Con.
Div. (35dbz↑)
PR3 PR4 PR5 PR6
(Liou et al., 2012)
Parsivel analysis : 2012. 07. 13. 11:40 ~ 12:50 LST
PR1
PR2
PR5
PR3
PR7
PR6
PR4
PR3 PR2
PR7 PR6 PR5
Analysis of DSD parameter and contribution ratio
Median volume diameter and total number concentration (upper), normalized contribution ratio of
rain amount in each site (bottom).
Summary in 2012
Parameter 2012 Case
Synoptic condition
Date & Time 1150 -1300 LST 13 July
Location of Changma front
North of Jeju Island
Surface humidity & wind
Moist southwesterly (~ 10 m/s)
Rainfall System
Moving direction southwest to northeast
Maximum reflectivity
51 dBZ north and northeast sides
Wind field convergence and updraft in
forward direction
Drop size distribution
-high number concentration in PR2 with small size rain drops (< 0.3 mm)
- high number concentration in PR6 with middle and large size rain drops (> 3 mm)
Radar analysis & Sounding in 2013
06.25 2100 LST
(Before precipitation) 06.26 0300 LST
(During precipitation)
06.26 0900 LST
(After precipitation)
• Reflectivity distribution at 2 km ASL
from 0200 to 0340 LST on 16 June
2013
• Relatively strong reflectivity
exceeding 42 dBZ observed on lateral
side of Jeju Island
Radar analysis : 2013. 06. 26. 02:10 ~ 03:20 LST Site
Height(m)
Reflectivity distribution at 2 km ASL from 0210 to 0320 LST
on 26 June 2013
Retrieved horizontal wind (u-v) and reflectivity
Convergence and reflectivity (cross section)
Convergence and reflectivity
Wind field analysis : 2013. 06. 26. 02:10 ~ 03:20 LST
s-1
Con.
Div. (35dbz↑)
Longitude (。)
La
titu
de
(。
) dBZ
0220 LST 0230 LST
0240 LST 0250 LST
0300 LST 0310 LST
0230 LST 0240 LST 0250 LST 0300 LST 0310 LST 0220 LST
2D2 PR3 PR2 PR2 2D3 PR3 2D3 2D2 PR2 PR2 PR3
(Liou et al., 2012)
PR1 02:10
PR2 3:10
PR3 3:20
PR4 3:40
PR5 2:50
PR6 2:30
PR7 2:20
S1 2:00
S2 2:50
Rain gauge analysis : 2013. 06. 26. 00:00 – 06:00 LST
Site
Height(m)
2D3
Parsivel & 2DVD analysis
2D1 PR1
PR5
PR2
PR6
PR4
PR7
PR3
Summary in 2013
Parameter 2013 Case
Synoptic condition
Date & Time 0210 - 0320 LST 26 June
Location of Changma front
Center of Jeju Island
Surface humidity & wind
Moist strong southwesterly (> 20 m/s)
Rainfall System
Moving direction southwest to northeast
Maximum reflectivity
42 dBZ north and south sides
Wind field convergence and updraft in
forward direction
Drop size distribution
-high number concentration at PR2, PR3, and PR5 (north) with small size rain drops (< 2 mm)
- high number concentration at PR4 (northeast) and PR6 (southwest) with large size rain drops (>6 mm)
Parameter 2012 Case 2013 Case
Synoptic condition
Date & Time 1150 -1300 LST 13 July 0210 - 0320 LST 26 June
Location of Changma front
North of Jeju Island Center of Jeju Island
Surface humidity & wind
Moist southwesterly (~ 10 m/s)
Moist strong southwesterly (> 20 m/s)
Rainfall System
Moving direction southwest to northeast southwest to northeast
Maximum reflectivity
51 dBZ north and northeast sides
42 dBZ north and south sides
Wind field convergence and updraft in
forward direction convergence and updraft in
forward direction
Drop size distribution
-high number concentration in PR2 with small size rain drops (< 0.3 mm)
- high number concentration in PR6 with middle and large size rain drops (> 3 mm)
-high number concentration at PR2, PR3, and PR5 (north) with small size rain drops (< 2 mm)
- high number concentration at PR4 (northeast) and PR6 (southwest) with large size rain drops (>6 mm)
Conclusion
Future study
To investigate the relation and comparison between these different effects and mesoscale gravity wave by
topography in developing precipitation mechanism, we will analyze the model simulation and
microphysics on DSD-Parameter (D0, Nt, Λ, μ, N0 etc.).
References
Houze, R. A. Jr., 2011: Orographic effects on precipitating clouds. Rev. Geophys., doi:10.1029/2011RG000365.
Jung, S.-A, D.-I. Lee, B.J.-D. Jou, H. Uyeda, 2012: Microphysical Properties of Maritime Squall Line Observed on
June 2, 2008 in Taiwan. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 90, 833-850
Kato, T., M. Yoshizaki, K. Bessho, T. Inoue, Y. Sato and X- BAIU-01 observation group, 2003: Reason for the failure
of the simulation of heavy rainfall during X-BAIU-01- Importance of a vertical profile of water vapor for
numerical simulations. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 81, 993-1013.
Lee, K.-O., H. Uyeda, S. Shimizu, D.-I. Lee, 2012: Dual-Doppler radar analysis of the enhancement of a precipitation
system on the northern side of Mt. Halla, Jeju Island, Korea on 6 July 2007. Atmos. Res., 118, 133–152.
Lin, Y.-L., 2007: Mesoscale dynamics, Cambridge University Press, 442-488.
Liou, Y.-C and Y.-J. Chang, 2012: An Application of the Immersed Boundary Method for Recovering the Three-
Dimensional Wind Fields over Complex Terrain Using Multiple-Doppler Radar Data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140,
1603-1618.
Neiman, P. J., 2003: Private communication.
Tsuboki, K. and A. Sakakibara, 2002: Large-scale parallel computing of Cloud Resolving Storm Simulator. H. P. Zima
and et al., Eds., High Performance Computing, Springer, 243–259.
1200 LST 1210 LST
1220 LST 1230 LST
1240 LST 1250 LST
1220 LST 1230 LST 1240 LST 1210 LST
Retrieved horizontal wind (u-v) and reflectivity
W and reflectivity (cross section)
W and reflectivity ms-1
2012
(35dbz↑)
PR3 PR4 PR5 PR6
Wind field analysis : 2012. 07. 13. 12:00 ~ 12:50 LST
0220 LST 0230 LST
0240 LST 0250 LST
0300 LST 0310 LST
W and reflectivity (cross section)
W and reflectivity ms-1
(35dbz↑) Retrieved horizontal wind (u-v) and reflectivity
0230 LST 0240 LST 0250 LST 0220 LST 0300 LST 0310 LST
2D2 PR3 PR2 PR2 2D3 PR3 2D3 2D2 PR2 PR2 PR3
Longitude (。)
La
titu
de
(。
)
dBZ
Wind field analysis : 2013. 06. 26. 02:10 ~ 03:20 LST