Heavy Lift Presentation

8/12/2019 Heavy Lift Presentation

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SELECTION,WORKING

AND SAFETY ASPECTS

OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT,LIFTING TACKLES

& SAFE LIFTING


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CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT &

SAFETY

With modernized construction techniques in placenow a days, construction equipment forms an integralpart of any construction activity.There will be very littledoubt to the fact that progress of any constructionactivity, largely depends on the extent of mobilizationand utilization of construction equipment.

Ultimately safe and successful execution of a

construction involves safe usage of construction eqpt.Needless to mention, that the safety factor becomemore predominant when the construction equipmentare being used in a operation plant


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TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

Broadly, the construction equipment can be classified asbelow: -

Material Handling Equipment

Various types of Hydraulic & Crawlers Cranes,

Hydra ,Forklifts, and hoists, etc.

Transport Equipment

Axles, SPMT, Trailers,Pick-up vans,Trucks,Tippers,etc.

Earthmoving Equipment:

Exacavator, Loaders, Graders, Rollers,Compactors, etc.


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SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

Proper selection of construction eqpt. for a

particular job is the key factor which determines thesafety and progress of any job that involves use ofconstruction equipment.

Following factors,in general,governs selection of

construction equipment -

Type of job to be carried out.

Quantum of job.

Availability of equipment.

Rate of Output desired from the eqpt.


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Time duration of requirement.Site conditionSoil condition, obstructions etc

Size of eqpt.With respect any restriction in the site

Maneuverability requirement

Environmental factorsAtmospheric conditions likeRain,wind etc.

Other material/tools/tackles/accessories to be used inconjunction.

SELECTION OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT


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Selection of Construction EquipmentBroad Parameters for Selection (of some main category) Equipment for a perticular job

Type of Equipment Factors that govern selection

Cranes & material handling >Net Weight to be handled/lifted(Hydraulic/Crawler Cranes of >Size of the load to be liftedvarious capacities & sizes, Hydra etc) >Radius of Operation

>Height of Placement>Quantum of job>Site conditions - Ground bearing capability, approach available, existingOut put desired in terms of quantity & time>Activities involved in operation (travel with load, swing etc)>Lifting tackles being us ed>Environmental factors like wheather condition, wind speed etc

>Availib ility (use of available eqpt)>Cost factor

Transport Equipment >Type of Material to be transported(Trailers, Pick Up Vans, >Weight & size of material to be transportedTippers, Trucks etc) >Transporting Distance

>Means for Loading & unloading- Type & size of eqpt used>Quantum of job>Out put desired in terms of quantity & time>Speicial conditions des ired such as self unloading, tipping etc>Availib ility (use of available eqpt)>Site conditions>Cost factor

Earthmoving Equipement >Type of job to be carried out (function desired from the equipment)

Excavators, Graders, >Quantum of job

Rollers, Loaders etc) >Out put desired in terms of quantity & time

>Site Conditions es p. condition of soil>Availib ility (use of available eqpt)>Type & size of Hauling Eqpt (tranporting dumpers etc)>Cost factor

Concreting Equipment Concrete Producing >Quality & type of concrete desired ( Batching Plant, Mixing Plant etc) >Quantum of job

>Out put desired in terms of quantity & time>Space availability & other site conditions>Availibility of raw material, power supply & other resources>Cost factor

Concrete Transporting >Quantity to be handled

(Transit Mixers etc) >Distance between Place of concreting & batching plant>Out put desired>Cost factor

Concrete Placing>Out put desired (Concrete Pump, Boom Placers etc) >Height of Placement>Availabi lity of power supply>Maneuverability required>Cost factor

Air Compressors >Output CFM requirement>Output Pressure Requirement>Availabi lity of power supply>Cost factor

Welding Equipment >Materail to be welded (Welding Rectifier, Generator etc) >Welding process to be used

>Electrodes to be used>Availabi lity of power supply>Out put requirement>Availib ility (use of available eqpt)


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WORKING AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF

CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTSafe using of Const. Eqpt (Some Guidelines) :-

Properly select the construction eqpt. Any wrongselection can result in serious economical & safetyimplications. Consult concerned experts as applicable.

Use the eqpt. in the way, it is supposed to be used.

Check for valid safety inspection certificate, otherentry passes & manuals and charts of the eqpt. beforeactually using it.

Check for general condition of eqptvisual check onits tyres, reverse horn, lights, brakes, any leakage etc.


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Before putting the eqpt into actual use, check for the vitalparameters such as Capacity, size and other parameters.

Before starting the operation,carefully check the site conditionsuch as ground condition, restriction from existing structures,restriction from operation requirement, etc.

Check for the environmental factor like weather conditions,wind speed etc.

Allow only authorized and competent personnel

Do not experiment. Consult concerned persons.

Carefully assess the risks associated with the job.

Use proper methods, tools and accessories.Ensure Continuous supervision.

Adhere to safety rules and regulation of the plant

Feedback & reporting.

Safe using of Const. Eqpt (Some Guidelines)


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LIFTING TACKLESThe lifting tackles are the equipment used to connect

a load to the lifting machine or appliance.The most commonly used lifting tackles are :

Wire Rope Slings

Fibre Rope & Slings

Chain Sling.

Shackles ( Bow type & D type)

The other tackles includes-

Wire ropes, hook and eye bolts, Hook chuck etc.

Lifting lugs, spreader beam etc.

Generallyall the lifting tackles are identified by theirSWL(Safe Working Load).Further they can be classified

based upon their type, material, nos., and lengths etc.


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SAFE USE OF LIFTING TACKLES

Select proper Lifting tackles.

Ensure SWL of tackle before use.

Ensure tag & test certificate of the Tackle.

Visually inspect the tackle before use- Check for anydistortion,cut,dent,abrasion,wear,corrosion broken wires incase of wire rope & slings any other visual damage.

Do not overload any Lifting Tackle.

Do not exceed the safe slinging angles.

Use proper lifting appliances & procedures.Load


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Keep the slings/shackles away from heat ,fumes,

chemicals & exhaust gases.

Avoid using the sling/ ropes against sharp edges. Ifnecessary, use proper packing or padding.

Never drag the rope & slings on dirt or road.

Do not subject the slings to shock load.

The wire rope slings should be kept properly lubricated toprevent rust.

Follow proper method of securing the dead end whenwire rope is used for lifting.

Do not twist/knot the chain sling.



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Never replace shackles pin with a bolt.

Never use Pin Type Shackle without cotter pin

Do not tie slings, guy ropes to the operating facilities suchpipe line, hydrant, instrument and electrical posts andscaffolding pipes.

Use more than 2 slings with chain blocks to balance a pipe

spool with bends and any load with irregular shapes. Balancethe load at ground before lifting.

Tighten the slings before lifting.

DShackle Loading


0.7 @45 deg.

0.5 @ 90 deg

1


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Method

ofloading

Direct

loade

d

Choke hitch Basket Hitch

Round

load

Rectangular

load

Round load Other than Round load

Included

Angle- - - 0 60 90 120 0 60 90 120

Loading

Factors1 0.75 0.5 2 1.73 1.41 1 1 0.87 0.71 0.5

SAFE WORKING LOADS UNDER GENERAL USE OF SINGLE-PART

SINGLE-LEG SLINGS WITH 1570 GRADE WIRE AND FIBRE CORE

WITH FERRULE SECURED EYES


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SELECTION & SAFE USE OF CRANES

Properly select the crane. Select the one, which best suitsthe requirements.

Know the type and range of cranes & Its configurationsavailable.

Know your wt. of Load, Radius, & height of load setting.

Understand & interpret the load charts.

Look at the Ground & other site conditions.

Prefer crawler cranes for continuous lifts and tire cranes forfew lifts.

Prefer lattice boom crane to telescopic crane for holding

a heavy load for a long time.Be aware of and keep in mind, all surrounding areas,

hazards and obstructions.

Ensure on proper competency of all associated personnel.


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Graph


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Load

chart


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Heavy Lift Plan &Execution

Any construction activity involves numerous lifting

operations, mainly with Cranes.Depending upon the nature of Lifting, Lifts can becategorized as Standard, Complex or Heavy Complex Lift.Further it can be in Hazardous or Non Hazardous area.

Any Lifting operation, is made up of two parts :

Planning Part

Actual Lifting Part.

A proper planning, followed by execution in accordancewith the planning, shall certainly ensure any Lifting as SafeLifting.


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Planning of Safe Lifting Operation :

1. The load, its construction, and dimensions.

2. Details of C.G, lifting &tailing lugs & location of load.3. Plot plan with surrounding U/G& A/G details

4. Selection & position of of suitable Crane(s).

5. Calculation of capacity loading.6. Space availability for transportation of crane & load,

assembly/dismantling of cranes at site

7. Procedure for ground preparation. It gives items to beremoved, items to be strengthened, extend ofground preparation and methodology.


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8. Identification of Hazards:

Existence of Hydrocarbon lines, emergencylines, emergency entry/exit, assembly point, U/Gcables, over head cables.

9. Selection of tools and tackles, & spreader beam

10. Preparation of lifting scheme with enabling workdetails.

11. Carry out the Risk assessment

The Environmental Condition: Weather condition,wind speed and other atmospheric conditions etc.

Selection Of Personnel: Skilled & experiencedpersonnel for rigging, slinging, signaling should onlybe deployed.

Planning of Safe Lifting Operation


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Rigging Plan


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Rigging

Elev.


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CRANE RIGGING DATA

CRANECC2500 DETAILS

MAIN BOOM LENGTH (M) 66

RADIUS (M) 15COUNTER WEIGHT (MT) 140

CENTRAL BALLAST (MT) 30

CAPACITY (MT) 115

MAXIMUM LOAD (MT) 85

HOOK BLOCK WEIGHT (MT) 6.4

RIGGING ACCESSORIES (MT) 2.5

TOTAL LOAD (MT) 93.9

% OF CAPACITY LOADING 81.6

HOOK UP DETAILS

LIFTING CRANE

SWL 30 MT STEEL WIRE ROPE SLING 2 DIAx10m LONG-2 PARTS-2NOS.

SWL 25 MT DSHACKLE- 2NOS.

SWL 30 MT STEEL WIRE ROPE SLING 2 DIAx10m LONG-2 PARTS-1NO.

SWL 25 MT DSHACKLE-1NO.

TAILING CRANE

if i


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1. Check before lifting :

Crane(s) in the correct configuration & positioned asplanned. Actual the radius & height.

Condition of cranes and tools & tackles.

Load details are same as considered in planning.

Ground is prepared or developed as per the requirement.

Proper Personnel - Riggers,signaller are deployed.

Risk assessment and other site condition are conducive.

Signaler should wear high visibility vest.

Keep standby such as cutting set, welding machines,

transport, etc, as applicable to meet any emergency.

Lift Execution


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Area is properly barricated.

Entry is restricted only to authorized persons

All required permits are taken2. Lifting operation

In accordance with planning made & methodstatement prepared, carry out the lift.

LIFTING OPERATION


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General Safety Features Of Crane

1. Over Hoist Limit Switch :-

Gives alarm (and trips off further hoisting),in case of Hook Over Hoisting.

2. Boom Hoist Limit Switch (Crawler Cranes) :-

Generally a Shut Off valve which givesalarm in operators cabin (and cuts off further hoisting),when the boom has reached to a pre-set (maximum)angle during hoisting.

3. Overload Limit Switch :-Gives a warning (alarm), in case the

crane approaches Overload condition.


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4 Safe Load Indicator (SLI) :-SLI, when fitted on crane, measures and displays following data

Radius of Load/hookBoom LengthBoom Angle

Actual Load Lifted by CraneRated Capacity (SWL)

SLI is also equipped to provide :-

A2B condition, indication & Tripping in case of Over Hoisting

Analog indication of Load Moment, in terms of Green (Safe

Zone), Yellow (Alert Zone) and Red (Danger & Cut Off zone)Indication, Alarm and Motion Cut Off, when an overloadcondition has reached.

General Safety Features Of Crane


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If you over load the crane !


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If you over load the crane !


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Types of configuration available in mobile

cranes?

(a) Main boom

(b) Main boom with Super Lift

(c) Fixed Jib or Fly Jib(d) Fixed Jib with Super lift

(e) Luffing Jib

(f) Luffing Jib with Super Lift(g) Tower jib- Light load and better reach

M i B N l l d


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Main Boom-Normal load


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Main Boom with Super Lift-Heavy load

Fly or fixed Jib Better reach


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Fly or fixed Jib- Better reach

L ffi Jib L h


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Luffing Jib-Long reach


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Luffing jib with Super lift- Heavy Load and long reach


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RIGGING SCHEME OF PRIMARY

ABSORBER

PLAN VIEW


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RIGGING SCHEME OF PRIMARY

ABSORBERELEVATION


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REMOVAL SCHEME OF

DEPANTANIZERPLAN VIEW


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REMOVAL SCHEME OF

DEPANTANIZER - ELEVATION


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Practice the following!!! Do not keep pipe spool & structural Member on temporary

support. Make proper support and keep. Do not position crane and other machinery near to a temporary

or permanent U/G pits or trenches. Keep a distance equivalentto depth of pit from pit edge.

Do not position heavy crane and P&M on the water loggedarea. Dewater, dry and place.

Avoid positioning Crane and P&M on the U/G cable trenches.Not possible protect the cables with steel plates as applicable.

Level & compact the ground before placing the crane. Stdmats available with small cranes. Spread sand and steel platesfor heavy cranes movement and working.

Do not side load the crane boom & jibs. Do not place the crane on ground with slope.

When more than one cranes are working at one location, Keepsufficient space between the cranes.

Use ply woods under the crawler while marching crawler crane

on steel plates and concrete paving area.


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Heavy Lift Presentation

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