Heavy Ion results from RHIC-BNL ShinIchi Esumi Univ. of Tsukuba Contents

Hadron Collider Physics 2012, 12/Nov/2012, Kyoto ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 1

Heavy Ion results from RHIC-BNL

ShinIchi EsumiUniv. of Tsukuba

Contents

Quark Gluon Plasma Energy loss of parton in QGPCollective expansion of QGPSearch for phase transitionRHIC spin program


Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP)

Early universeNeutron starsQuark-hadron phase transitionDeconfinementProperties of QGP


STAR experiment PHENIX experiment

Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)

2 large experiments STAR, PHENIX2 small experiments PHOBOS, BRAHMSsqrt(sNN) : 5 ~ 200GeVpp, dAu, CuCu, CuAu, AuAu, UUpolarized proton beam

RHIC andexperiments


STAR

sqrt(sNN)=200GeV Au+Au central collisions

large acceptance lepton, photon, PID


jet

p p

Au Au

Energy loss of high energy parton in QGP

- strong suppression of high pT hadrons in A+A with respect to a geometrical superposition of p+p collisions- no-suppression and slight enhancement in d+A (cold nuclear matter effect)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 072303 (2003)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 072304 (2003)


Suppression of hadronsNo-suppression of direct-photons

PRL109, 152302 (2012)arXiv: 1208.2254

- strong suppression of hadronsno suppression of direct photons at high pT

peripheral Au+Au central Au+Au

q


hadrons

“- hadron”correlation

measurement

PHENIX Preliminary, QM12


Collective expansion of QGP

- elliptic (2nd order) and higher order event anisotropic collectivity and its Nquark scaling - hydro-dynamic properties of QGP



Thermal photon radiation and collective flow

arXiv: 1105.4126Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 122302 (2012)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 132301 (2010)

- significant low pT photon excess- comparable v2 with hadrons

elliptic expansion


Heavy quark energy loss and collective flow

u,d,s

c,b c,b

u,d,s

STAR Preliminary, QM12


J/ suppression and collective flow(azimuthal dependence of suppression)

“suppression vs enhancement”- color screening- cold nuclear matter effect- recombination, quark coalescence

Auspectators

Cuspectatorsparticipants




Transverse shape of QGP (at the end of freeze-out) via 2-parcle interferometry measurement RT-side, RT-out vs (), ()RT-side

oscill. < RT-outoscill.

for n=2,3 (central)

pT1

pT2

side view sizeqT-side : RT-side

depth + time durationqT-out : RT-out

together with vn(pT)PID

fitting with Blast Wave


- strong 2 dependence and left/right asymmetry (coupled with energy loss and flow)- broad out-of-plane correlation enhanced more in central (redistribution and expansion)- weak 3 dependence

2-particle correlation relative to 2 and 3 plane

central 0-10%mid-central 40-50%

central 0-10%

PHENIX Preliminary, QM12Au+Au 200GeV, hadron-hadronpT : (2~4)Trig x (1~2)Asso (GeV/c)


Testing the phase diagramwith beam energy scan

FAIR / J-PARC


Beam energy dependence of RCP

and shape of net-proton distribution

from enhancement to suppressionwith increasing the beam energy AGS-SPS-RHIC

net-Baryon number fluctuation is expected to reflect the critical point as a non-monotonic behavior



v2 v3

Beam energy dependence of v2 and v3

Smooth trend (not not?) of v2 and v3 with beam energy



Directed flow v1

- strong anti-flow of pion (and p-bar)- small but significant anti-flow of proton- sign change of v1 slope around 10GeV- minimum around 20GeV



Charge asymmetry with respect to reaction planeas a possible indication of local parity violation in QGP with strong B-field at non-central heavy ion collisions

L or B

1s

2s

1c2c1

2 X

Y

dN/d ~ 1+ 2vncos(n(-)) + 2asin(-) + …<cos(1+2-2)> ~ -<a1a2>



Gluon Polarization G(x)

Integrated Gluon Polarization

Non zero ! ~ 0.1

- gluons can make a very significant contribution to the spin of the proton- Need to extend the measurements to low-x region where abundant gluons exist


Sea Quark Polarization Measurements

- Direct sea quark measurement- Fragmentation function free (no model dependence)- Improve knowledge from semi-inclusive DIS measurements significantly.- x10 statistics in Run 2013

Polarized Sea-Quark Distribution


Summary

Quark Gluon Plasma Energy loss of parton in QGPCollective expansion of QGPSearch for phase transitionRHIC spin program


backup slides


PHENIX, QM12

extracted by BW fitting with spectra + v2,3,4 of ,K,p

extracted from RTside by HBT


PHENIX, QM12

- strong 2 dependence and left/right asymmetry coupling with geometry and/or expansion- almost no 3 dependence (poor 3 resolution)

mid-central collisions


- out-of-plane correlation enhanced (strong jet quenching and collective expansion)- some weak 3 dependence

central collisions

PHENIX, QM12

Heavy Ion results from RHIC-BNL ShinIchi Esumi Univ. of Tsukuba Contents

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