HeatWave CHI2011
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Transcript of HeatWave CHI2011
Thermal Imaging for Surface Interaction
Eric Larson, Gabe Cohn, Sidhant GuptaXiaofeng Ren, Dieter Fox, Beverly Harrison
Shwetak Patel
UbiComp Lab
Heatwave:
Design Use BuildUniversity of Washington
Laboratory of Ubiquitous ComputingUniversity of Washington Intel Research
1
2
3
Intel oasis
LCI Interactive Video
LCI - 55 Merthyr Terrace, Barnes, London, SW13 8DL - Telephone: +44(0) 20 8741 5747 - Email: [email protected] - Website: www.lci-uk.com
1. Scatter
Effect: ‘Objects’ scattering when approached or stepped on.
Media Options:
The Lower Layer: This can be a single image (up to 1024x768 pixels resolution) or a Video.
The Upper Layer: This is created from a single image that is multiplied across the screen area.
Variations in size, number and density.
Various ’behaviours’ can be adjusted to create a variety of effects. PNG files with transparencies
are particularly effective. A directory of images can also be used – the scattered image then runs
through this directory allowing animated objects to move around the screen area.
LCI Interactive Floor
SmartBoards4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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6
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What is thermal infrared imaging?
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32
33
34
0.1um 1um 10 um 100 um
Wavelength
Visible InfraredUV
Sour
ce
Inte
nsity
Solar Reflection Thermal Radiation
RGB Depth Thermal
Near Far Infrared
9
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
10
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
11
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
1950
1980
>$200k
12
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
1991
2000
$100k
$10k
13
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
20032005
2010
~$2-8k
•30 fps•50mK•384x288
~$250M
14
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
15
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
>200 fps~$50
2015
16
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
17
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
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1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
$1 M
$100k
$10k
$1k
$100
$10
50mK ?
•30 fps•50mK•384x288
19
50mK
Co20 levels
Co
~6
120 levels
20
Co
29-35
Co
18-26
skin temperature
room temperature
21
22
23
MotionTouch down
24
Thermal Camera Overhead projector
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26
27
28
29
HeatAbsorption
HeatRetention
Heat Transfer?30
Conductivity
T
31
Foam Plastic Wood Skin Glass Aluminum
0.04 0.23 0.4 0.5
1.1
>100
Thermal Conductivity
32
25262728293031323334
1ms 10ms 100ms 1s 10s 100s
Skin
Foam Surface
Touch Down
Release Touch
50ms 200ms
Time (log scale)
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)Cooling/Warming
period
100s
40-50s
Hand
Room
Foam Plastic Wood Skin Glass Aluminum
33
25262728293031323334
1ms 10ms 100ms 1s 10s 100s
Skin
Aluminum Surface
Touch Down
Release Touch
50ms 200ms
Time (log scale)
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)Cooling/Warming
period
100s
Room
Foam Plastic Wood Skin Glass Aluminum
34
25262728293031323334
1ms 10ms 100ms 1s 10s 100s
Skin
Wooden Surface
Touch Down
Release Touch
50ms 200ms
Time (log scale)
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)Cooling/Warming
period
100s
2-3s
Foam Plastic Wood Skin Glass Aluminum
35
Foam Plastic Wood Skin Glass Aluminum
Granite
Polymers
Plexi-glassPlaster
BrickWater
ClayRubberSalt
PaperTileMarble
36
25262728293031323334
1ms 10ms 100ms 1s 10s 100s
Touch Down
Release Touch
50ms 200ms
Time (log scale)
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)Cooling/Warming
period
100s
Absolute C C
Derivative
x x >
37
x10PlasticWoodPaperTable Top
38
paper table top
woodplastic
100%d
ete
ctio
n a
ccu
racy
0%
100%
0%
Accuracy
39
Pressure C
25262728293031323334
1ms 10ms 100ms 1s 10s 100s
Time (log scale)
Tem
pera
ture
(C
)
4 N
2 N
0.5 N
Pressure
Contact Time, 50-200ms
Derivative
Absolute C
40
3 pressure levels = 96% Accuracy41
42
{~166ms
{
Derivative
25ms
43
44
45
strokes
chording
hand prints
curves
multi-user pressure
46
47
an interactive surface
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an interactive surface...
49
Thermal Imaging for Surface Interaction
Gabe Cohn, Sidhant GuptaXiaofeng Ren, Dieter Fox, Beverly HarrisonShwetak Patel
UbiComp Lab
Heatwave:
Design Use BuildUniversity of Washington
Laboratory of Ubiquitous ComputingUniversity of Washington Intel Research
Eric [email protected]
ubicomplab.cs.washington.edu
*Ryder Ziola
50
51
thermal
input image
spatial smoothing
(median filter)
hand segmentation
(Otsu thresholding)
surface
calibrated?
classify pressure
(trees classifier)
bayesian
inference
-high pressure
-medium pressure
-low pressure
-not heat trace
-hand
YesNo
detect lines
(Hough transform) save heat traces
temperature
temporal derivative
background subtraction
trajectory
Otsu segmentation
finger tip
analysis
video
buffer
user interface engine
not heat trace -
is heat trace -
feature
calculation
hand trajectory
search
detected heat trails
detected lines
52
Categorization with Temperature Distribution of the Human Hand SurfaceHideyuki Kokubo, Mikio Yamamoto, Masahiko Hirasawa and Junko Taniguchi
53
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54
InfraMation 2004, Proceedings Volume 5, 287-298 (2004) 9
Figure 14. Person as source for thermal reflections from a glass plate as observed through an IR
polarizer oriented perpendicular or parallel to the plane of incidence. 4.2) Varnished wood Varnished wood has very smooth surfaces, similar to thin films. Hence, specular reflections are to be expected, in particular for large angles of incidence. Fig. 15 depicts the visual image of a person leaning against a wooden wall of a lecture hall. The IR image immediately shows very pronounced thermal reflections. In Fig. 16, images of the same scene were recorded but looking through the Ge polarizer. Similar to Fig.14, the T-scale was changed to better demonstrate the suppression of the reflections.
Figure 15 Thermal reflections of a person from a wooden wall.
left: visual image; right: close up view with LW IR camera.
Figure 16. Suppression of thermal reflections from varnished) wood as observed through an IR
polarizer oriented perpendicular or parallel to the plane of incidence.
55
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InfraMation 2004, Proceedings Volume 5, 287-298 (2004) 9
Figure 14. Person as source for thermal reflections from a glass plate as observed through an IR
polarizer oriented perpendicular or parallel to the plane of incidence. 4.2) Varnished wood Varnished wood has very smooth surfaces, similar to thin films. Hence, specular reflections are to be expected, in particular for large angles of incidence. Fig. 15 depicts the visual image of a person leaning against a wooden wall of a lecture hall. The IR image immediately shows very pronounced thermal reflections. In Fig. 16, images of the same scene were recorded but looking through the Ge polarizer. Similar to Fig.14, the T-scale was changed to better demonstrate the suppression of the reflections.
Figure 15 Thermal reflections of a person from a wooden wall.
left: visual image; right: close up view with LW IR camera.
Figure 16. Suppression of thermal reflections from varnished) wood as observed through an IR
polarizer oriented perpendicular or parallel to the plane of incidence.
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