HEALTHY PREGNANCYChapter 5-1

Early Signs of Pregnancy

A. Missed Period

B. Full feeling or mild ache in lower abdomen

C. Feeling tired or light headed

D. Frequent need to urinate

E. Swollen breasts

F. Nausea or vomiting

A doctor will perform tests to confirm.

If you think you are pregnant - try a home pregnancy test and SEE A DOCTOR !!!!!!!

Medical Care During Pregnancy

Doctors - Obstetrician - a medical doctor who specializes in the care of pregnant women and delivering babies.

Gynecologist - a medical doctor who specializes in diseases and routine physical care of the reproductive systems of women.

OB-GYN - a medical doctor who is both an obstetrician and a gynecologist - specializes in delivering babies and women’s health.

Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM) - a medical nurse who is certified and trained to care for women with low-risk pregnancies and to deliver babies.

In most states, they work under the supervision of an obstetrician.

They are preferred by some women because of their respect for the natural process of childbirth - they are less likely to suggest pain-relieving drugs and other medical interventions unless they are truly necessary.

Discomforts of Pregnancy

A. Nausea/Vomiting - usually stops by 4th month - can happen any time of day.

B. Sleepiness - Hormones during early preg. and at end.

C. Heartburn - has nothing to do with your heart, indigestion - tell doctor for safe relief.

D. Shortness of breath - pressure on the lungs - later in pregnancy.

E. Varicose veins - swollen, twisted enlarged veins - get exercise - rest with legs elevated, wear support stockings.

F. Muscle Cramps in Legs - gentle stretches, rest, diet rich in calcium and potassium.

G. Lower Back Pain - Wear low heeled shoes, lift correctly (with legs), exercise.

Serious Complications - If these occur - call your doctor!

1. Vaginal bleeding

2. Unusual weight gain or loss

3. Thirsty a lot

4. Problems urinating

5. Severe abdominal pain

6. Headaches

7. Severe vomiting

8. Fever

9. Increased vaginal mucus

10. Swelling of face, hands, or ankles

11. Blurred vision or dizziness

12. Prolonged backache

Nutrition During Pregnancy

Nutrients

Protein

Vitamins

Minerals

Carbohydrates & Fats

Proteins

Meat, fish, poultry, dried beans, nuts, eggs, milk and cheese.

Growth and development of bones and teeth in baby

Keeps mothers body in good condition

Need more protein than before they were pregnant

Vitamins

Supplements only with doctors approval Deficiencies can lead to birth defects

Not enough folic acid can lead to spina bifida

Vitamin A – eye development

Vitamin B – general fetal development

Vitamin C – builds healthy teeth and gums

Vitamin D – aids in creation of bones and teeth

Fresh fruits and veggies, whole grain bread, cereal, fortified milk and dairy products

Minerals

Produce strong bones and teeth

Ensures regular elimination of waste Iron – Prevents anemia

Helps baby develop its own blood supply

Extra stored in baby’s liver

Sources – dried beans, raisins, dates, meat, leafy green veggies

Calcium & Phosphorus Work together – mom’s bones and teeth

strong. Build baby.

Sources – milk and dairy products

Carbohydrates and Fats

Provide energy Sources – Whole grain bread, cereal, fruit,

starchy veggies, and sugar in moderation

Foods high in fat should be avoided

Making Wise Food Choices

Guidelines for Healthy Eating

Focus on fruits Fresh, canned, frozen, etc.

Vary your veggies Dark greens – broccoli, kale, leafy greens

Orange – carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, squash

Beans and peas – pinto, kidney, black beans, garbanzo, split peas and lentils

Get calcium rich foods Low fat or fat free milk

Yogurt

Cheese

Make half of your grains whole “Whole” should be listed in ingredients

Go lean with protein Lean meat and poultry – Bake, broil, or grill

Vary your choices!

Pregnant Mothers 300 extra calories/day

6-11 servings of whole grains

5 servings fruits & veggies

Orange and leafy green veggies – folic acid

3-4 servings of proteins

6-8 glasses of water

AVOID Supplements

Raw eggs, unpasteurized milk and cheese

Alcohol

Smoke

Nutrition and Pregnant Teens

Teens bodies are still developing

Pregnancy adds additional drain

Many teens eat high calorie, low nutrient foods

Special Diets

Mom is lactose intolerant Sugar in milk causes upset stomach

Lactase – found in yogurt, helps body digest lactose

Vegetarians Be sure you get protein

Tofu

Soybean products

Dried beans, nuts, peanut butter

Weight gain

Typically 24-30 pounds

Month 1-3 Little gain, sometimes a little loss

Month 4-6 About ½ pound per week

See chart pg. 156

Personal Care & Activities

Get plenty of rest, exercise, and practice good hygiene Continue with normal activities – use

moderation

Maternity Clothes 4th or 5th month

Looser clothes Pants – stretch panel

Tops – looser

Choose clothes that will fit in 9th month

Emotional Health

Stress Reduction Techniques Avoid sugary foods and caffeine

Exercise – stretching & moderate physical activity

Taking a break – relax & enjoy a favorite activity

Practice Relaxing Techniques – breathing and visualization

Talking to supportive friends and family

Taking a class for expectant mothers

Missing Journals? Monday 11/24 – 11/26

Write 5 things you are thankful for each day!

Monday 12/01 – What are ways you have seen pregnant women take care of themselves?