HEALTH MONITORING BANDkec.edu.np/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Paper_18.pdf · AT mega 328 is the...

TABLE 1.Comparison table between this paper and other similar papers.

CONCLUSION

Nowadays the number of road accidents is increasing day by day. Many motorcycle accidents lead to fatalities. The severities of these accidents are increased because of not wearing a helmet; the consumption of alcohol while riding;lack of immediate aid. In this project we pursue to prevent, if not minimize the severities of these accidents.This project also emphasizes on making the riders self-aware and promote save driving habits. From checkingwhether the rider is wearing a helmet and its strap to ensuring the system doesn’t start for a drunken rider, a sense of responsibility and awareness is retained before the ride. The system also sends an emergency SOS message of whereabouts of the injured person to their relative or nearest hospital and police station. By implementing this system, a safer and much more secure two-wheeler journey is possible.

AKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to thank KANTIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE for giving us a platform for developing our project and also everyone willingly helping us in our project.

REFERENCES

[1] K. P. Dhakal, “Road Traf fi c Accidents in Kathmandu Valley,” vol. 6, no. June, pp. 37–44, 2018.

[2] 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.spotlightnepal.com/2018/02/28/two-wheelers-are-number-one-killer-valleys-records-accident/.

[3] "Two-wheelers involved in 56.49pc road accidents in Kathmandu valley", The Himalayan Times, 2019. [Online].

Available:https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/two-wheelers-involved-in-56-49pc-road-accidents-in-kathmandu-valley/

[4] M. », "Getting Started With HC05 Bluetooth Module & Arduino [Tutorial]", Instructables, 2019. [Online]. Available:https://www.instructables.com/id/Getting-Started-With-HC05-Bluetooth-Module-Arduino/

[5] "What is an Arduino?- learn.sparkfun.com", Learn.sparkfun.com, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/what-is-an-arduino/all.

[6] Y. R. Solution, “HC-05 Bluetooth Module User ’ s Manual V1 . 0.”

[7] N. M. Verulkar, “Smart Helmet: A Review,” Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 2763–2767, 2018.

[8] B. Paulchamy, C. Sundhararajan, R. Xavier, A. Ramkumar, and D. Vigneshwar, “Design of Smart Helmet and Bike Management System,” Asian J. Appl. Sci. Technol., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 207–211, 2018.

[9] K. Shravya, Y. Mandapati, D. Keerthi, K. Harika, and R. K. Senapati, “Smart helmet for safe driving,” no. February, 2019.

[10] DAQRI, “Smart Helmet - DAQRI,” Wired, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 1, 2016.

[11] P. K. Y. Rajput, G. Chadha, B. Kanodia, and V. Lakhani, “Smart helmet,” pp. 2–5, 2016.

[12] D. R. Pillai, “SMART HELMET AND INTELLIGENT BIKE SYSTEM,” no. 5,pp. 29–35, 2018.

[13] "SIM808 GSM/GPRS/GPS MODULE – ITEAD WIKI", ITEAD.CC, 2019. [ONLINE]. AVAILABLE:HTTPS://WWW.ITEAD.CC/WIKI/SIM808_GSM/GPRS/GPS_MODULE.

[14] "Arduino Uno", En.wikipedia.org, 2019. [ONLINE]. AVAILABLE: HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/ARDUINO_UNO

S\N.

Fields Other papers This paper

1. Communic-ation type

-RF[7][8] [9][12] -nRF24L01 [10]

Bluetooth (hc-05)

2. Processor type used

Arduino Uno[12]

Atmega328 (chip only)

3. App used No Yes

4. Size of helmet part

Bulky with large modules [8][11][12]

Compact in single circuit(5.5*5*2 cm)

KEC Conference__________________________________________________________________________________________

103KECConference2019, Kantipur Engineering College, Dhapakhel Lalitpur

HEALTH MONITORING BAND

Ronak Hada Department of computer and

electronics engineering KANTIPUR ENGINEERING

COLLEGE Kathmandu,Nepal

[email protected]

Prajjwol shrestha Department of science and

humanities KANTIPUR ENGINEERING


[email protected]

Rohan shrestha Department of computer and

electronics engineering KANTIPUR ENGINEERING


[email protected]

Nabin Dangi Department of computer and electronics engineering

KANTIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE Kathmandu,Nepal

[email protected]

Rupesh Pun Department of computer and electronics engineering

KANTIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE Kathmandu,Nepal

[email protected]

ABSTRACT

We all are aware of the saying that ‘HEALTH IS WEALTH’. knowingly or unknowingly lots of people are messing up with their health, risking their lives. Pollution, unhealthy lifestyle has been influencing bad health. Here most the problems caused by such is internal. Those problems generally shows the symptoms like increase in body temperature, increase in heart beats, etc. which can be easily measured. Our project ‘Health monitoring band’ uses sensors to sense the change in heartbeat, body temperature and sends it to the Arduino. Here, Arduino evaluates the result and displays it to the led screen on the band. Similarly if in emergency condition, the responsible person automatically receives the voice message or the text message about the health condition of the band user. KEYWORDS: ATMEGA 328, pulse sensor, heat sensor(LM35), OLED, bluetooth (HC 05).

INTRODUCTION

Health monitoring band have drawn a lot of attention from the research community during last decade as it pointed out by a numerous and yearly increasing corresponding development effort.[2]As health care cost are increasing there is increasing demand of health tracking system to increase and maintain consumer’s good health .Over the decade now,various health band are commercially produced which aimed for the real time feedback on one’s health condition .Health monitoring system has been means of addressing the issues of elderly people rehabilitation consumers.Health monitoring band is a wearable device which uses pulse sensor and temperature sensor. Pulse sensor and temperature sensor are

placed at back of the health monitoring band which enable user to measure their heart rate and check temperature of users body. Health monitoring band feature oled display in which time, date and day is set as default screen. Buzzer and RTC are used. RTC is used in displaying time. Bluetooth module is used to connect with mobile device .AT-mega328p microcontroller is used to control all the devices. Health monitoring band features medicine reminder which is used for user to set reminder for their medicine taking time. Literature Review The problem of the physiological diseases is mostly seen in south Asia and exceeds the global increases this condition. NCD diseases have been emerging as leading causes of death as individuals also exposing individual to risk factor [3]. Some pupil need to take daily dose of the medicine e.g. medicine in high B.P. also some pupil pulse should be measured every day to prevent from heart attack as pulse will be of abnormal value when he suffered from heart attack. These type of work might be forgotten sometime which leads to be the victim of physiological diseases [4]. Such problem can be overcome if there is daily wearable things like watch, band or bracelet which as act the home nurse. Health monitoring band is daily wearable band for the human which is analogous to the smart watch but mainly focus in health function. It measure the human pulse, body temperature ,the function of time remainder for medicine, the band also show date, time and day also some band show the oxygen level and blood pressure too[5] .The special features of this band is it is economical band, accuracy in measurement, wearable at any time.

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AT mega 328 is the heart of the band which is programmed through Arduino UNO. The pulse sensor is used to measure the pulse of human. It is well designed plug and play heart rate sensor for the Arduino it clips onto a fingertip and plugs into the chip and LM35 is used measure the human temperature. Its range is (-550 C- 1500 C), its output voltage varies by 10 mv in every degree rise in temperature [6]. RTC is used for watch feature as it tracks the current time and it can be used in order to program actions at certain time.to keep it running the board is powered through Li battery[7] .Buzzer is used as alarm purpose in time remainder feature. Bluetooth model is also added in the band which play role in connection with the mobile application. The application is made through MIT app inventor.The feature of application is to call another person if user have abnormal pulses. The number is saved by user in application . This is the one of the finest features of the band. METHODOLOGY Health monitoring band works on +5v power which is provided with the help of voltage regulated power supply from li-on batteries.Two 3.7v li-on batteries in series gave output to 7.4v which was converted to +5v by 7805 voltage regulator.With the help of menu button in the circuit,user can select whether to check pulse,bodytemperature,set date ,time or set reminder for medicine alert. When the device is on,there appears a screen with time,date and menu as aoption.Due to the RTC module, time doesn’t need to be updated again and again.When we press menu button from circuit,we can see the features of health band and for navigating those options,up down and select buttons are separated in the circuit.As per the need of the functions,delays are inserted for measuring heart beat or body temperature.When mobile is connected via Bluetooth and sensor value is above threshold value, call or msg function of mobile works to alert relatives of the user. Fig.1.Block diagram of watch part

Fig.2.Block diagram of app part

Fig.3.Circuit diagram of watch Yes 1 or 2 3 or 4 A B Yes No No

Fig.4.Flowchart of watch part A B Yes Fig.5.Flowchart of working of app part


Processing Unit

Sensors

Time module

Switches

Transmitter Output

(display,speaker)

Mobile interface

Wireless Receiver

App

Display date,time,menu, Bluetooth

If menu=high?

Display menu content 1)Heart rate 2)Temperatue 3)Set date and time 4)Medicine reminder

If selected?

Read sensor value

Start

Set date,time and alarm

If value >threshold?

Send A,B to bluetooth

Display ,save set value

Display B

Pair bluetooth

If rec= AorB?

call

Start

Display A

If A<60

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COMPONENTS USED: At Mega 328:Theheart of Arduino UNO having 8-bit and 28 Pins AVR Microcontroller operated at the range of (3.3 to 5)volt.It controls operation of the watch. LM 35:It is the integrated circuit sensor which is used for measuring the body temperature. It draws only 60 micro amps from its supply and possesses a low self-heating capability. RTC (Real Time Clock):It is a time and date remembering systems which have battery setup and when the watch is off ,it keeps themodule running Bluetooth hc-05:It is theSerial Port Protocol module which is designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup. It is fully qualified V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps.Modulation with complete 2.4GHz transceiver andBaseband[8]. Its range is about 9 meter. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes)display:It is a flat light emitting technology, made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors[1].It emit bright light when electric power is applied so back light is required.it have very readable display due to high contrast. Buzzer:It gives audio as output for alarming purposes . RESULT AND CONCLUSION: All the connection was done properly in respective pins. Battery was connected in such a way that it can be recharged when required. LM35 was placed below the band to measure body temperature by setting up value analogous to temperature of below shoulder..Normally date, time, day were seen when power supplied.Heart beat and body temperature were successfully measured and medicine reminder also worked according to the set value.Another feature of his project including android app was successfully paired with the watch with adjustable contacts.The app worked well and was able to send message to contacts when the value exceeded threshold value.In app, first screen deals with receiving of sensor value and with second screen contacts were saved ,during the time of signal>threshold,sms is sent to that contact.

Fig.6.Actual watch components

Fig.7.Main display of watch .

Fig.8.Main menu display

Fig.9. Temperature output

Fig.10..First screen of android app

KEC Conference__________________________________________________________________________________________


AT mega 328 is the heart of the band which is programmed through Arduino UNO. The pulse sensor is used to measure the pulse of human. It is well designed plug and play heart rate sensor for the Arduino it clips onto a fingertip and plugs into the chip and LM35 is used measure the human temperature. Its range is (-550 C- 1500 C), its output voltage varies by 10 mv in every degree rise in temperature [6]. RTC is used for watch feature as it tracks the current time and it can be used in order to program actions at certain time.to keep it running the board is powered through Li battery[7] .Buzzer is used as alarm purpose in time remainder feature. Bluetooth model is also added in the band which play role in connection with the mobile application. The application is made through MIT app inventor.The feature of application is to call another person if user have abnormal pulses. The number is saved by user in application . This is the one of the finest features of the band. METHODOLOGY Health monitoring band works on +5v power which is provided with the help of voltage regulated power supply from li-on batteries.Two 3.7v li-on batteries in series gave output to 7.4v which was converted to +5v by 7805 voltage regulator.With the help of menu button in the circuit,user can select whether to check pulse,bodytemperature,set date ,time or set reminder for medicine alert. When the device is on,there appears a screen with time,date and menu as aoption.Due to the RTC module, time doesn’t need to be updated again and again.When we press menu button from circuit,we can see the features of health band and for navigating those options,up down and select buttons are separated in the circuit.As per the need of the functions,delays are inserted for measuring heart beat or body temperature.When mobile is connected via Bluetooth and sensor value is above threshold value, call or msg function of mobile works to alert relatives of the user. Fig.1.Block diagram of watch part


Fig.3.Circuit diagram of watch Yes 1 or 2 3 or 4 A B Yes No No

Fig.4.Flowchart of watch part A B Yes Fig.5.Flowchart of working of app part

Processing Unit

Sensors

Time module

Switches

Transmitter Output

(display,speaker)

Mobile interface

Wireless Receiver

App

Display date,time,menu, Bluetooth

If menu=high?

Display menu content 1)Heart rate 2)Temperatue 3)Set date and time 4)Medicine reminder

If selected?

Read sensor value

Start

Set date,time and alarm

If value >threshold?

Send A,B to bluetooth

Display ,save set value

Display B

Pair bluetooth

If rec= AorB?

call

Start

Display A

If A<60

KEC Conference__________________________________________________________________________________________


COMPONENTS USED: At Mega 328:Theheart of Arduino UNO having 8-bit and 28 Pins AVR Microcontroller operated at the range of (3.3 to 5)volt.It controls operation of the watch. LM 35:It is the integrated circuit sensor which is used for measuring the body temperature. It draws only 60 micro amps from its supply and possesses a low self-heating capability. RTC (Real Time Clock):It is a time and date remembering systems which have battery setup and when the watch is off ,it keeps themodule running Bluetooth hc-05:It is theSerial Port Protocol module which is designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup. It is fully qualified V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps.Modulation with complete 2.4GHz transceiver andBaseband[8]. Its range is about 9 meter. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diodes)display:It is a flat light emitting technology, made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors[1].It emit bright light when electric power is applied so back light is required.it have very readable display due to high contrast. Buzzer:It gives audio as output for alarming purposes . RESULT AND CONCLUSION: All the connection was done properly in respective pins. Battery was connected in such a way that it can be recharged when required. LM35 was placed below the band to measure body temperature by setting up value analogous to temperature of below shoulder..Normally date, time, day were seen when power supplied.Heart beat and body temperature were successfully measured and medicine reminder also worked according to the set value.Another feature of his project including android app was successfully paired with the watch with adjustable contacts.The app worked well and was able to send message to contacts when the value exceeded threshold value.In app, first screen deals with receiving of sensor value and with second screen contacts were saved ,during the time of signal>threshold,sms is sent to that contact.

Fig.6.Actual watch components

Fig.7.Main display of watch .

Fig.8.Main menu display

Fig.9. Temperature output

Fig.10..First screen of android app

KEC Conference__________________________________________________________________________________________


Fig.11.Second screen of app In app part, emergency contacts were selected and when Bluetooth was paired with watch , signal above threshold were received by the app which inturn send emergency sms to contacts.

Fig.12 .Output display on the OLED S/N Field Other papers This paper

1. Processor type

-Raspberry pi [9] -Arduino mini [10]

Atmega328 (chip only)

2. Display type

-16*2 lcd[11] -Nokia lcd[10]

-oled display

Fig.13. Comparison table between this paper and other similar papers. CONCLUSION: Our research is focuses on the health monitoring band as stated by the heading.Increasing of health consciousness of people was the main motive for this creation. This gadget helps to keep track of our heart beat and temperature which are the primary features to indicate our health condition. Likewise, the watch can be connected to the mobile phones and has the facility of remainder and it displays time. REFERENCES: [1] "OLED Lifetime: introduction and market status|OLED-Info", Oled-info.com,2019.

[Online].Available:https://www.oled-info.com/oled-lifetime. [2] Pantelopoulos, Alexandros & G. Bourbakis, Nikolaos. (2010). A Survey on Wearable Sensor-Based Systems for Health Monitoring and Prognosis. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews, IEEE Transactions on. 40. 1 - 12. 10.1109/TSMCC.2009.2032660. [3] Siegel KR, Patel SA, Ali MK. Non-communicable diseases in South Asia: contemporary perspectives. Br Med Bull. 2014 Sep;111(1):31-44. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldu018. PubMed PMID: 25190759; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4416117. [4] www.sja.org.uk. (2019). Heart Attack Symptoms and First Aid - St John Ambulance. [online]Availableat:http://www.sja.org.uk/sja/first-aid-advice/heart/heart-attack.aspx?fbclid=IwAR3uBDqLWpFekKLVZV5TT20VVT7Nd77kSUGTQdJ4u5C6FklyOA79bfT_K3A [5] Indiegogo. (2019). Pearls Band - World's Best Health Monitoring Band. [online] Available at: https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/pearls-band-world-s-best-health-monitoring-band?fbclid=IwAR2qwMNrm6xo-QsRsCmeredm-MkYuSLvw4ts6giCfh55Oxxgh6WdqGvkmNk [6] Circuitdigest.com. (2019). IoT Based Patient Monitoring System using ESP8266 and Arduino.[online]Available at:https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/iot-based-patient-monitoring-system-using-esp8266-and-arduino?fbclid=IwAR2AfFp3XURkrj8E2ryOm0UWs5OJQIfOBvHAlR97LwWjxHjdTxARnVDaYZc [7] Arduino.cc. (2019). Arduino - RTC.[online] Available at: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/RTC?fbclid=IwAR27ThjMM_AGccTSCWv4BKxJayvOMihfpDV8G9TocYNe6OhBzfLDgBQtr6M [8] Ali's Electronics. (2019). Bluetooth HC-05 - Ali's Electronics.[online]Availableat: https://aliselectronics.com/product/bluetooth [9] Pdfs.semanticscholar.org, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c7ee/c8fbb74f0a021c324b45cc77331ab1e3a209.pdf. [10] Irjet.net, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.irjet.net/archives/V4/i5/IRJET-V4I5165.pdf. [11] Ijert.org, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.ijert.org/research/personal-health-monitoring-system-using-arduino-and-android-IJERTCONV4IS22014.pdf.

Function Before After

Pulse Pulsenot detected

User’s pulse:72ppm

Temperature Room temperature(86F)

User’sbody temperature(96F)

KEC Conference__________________________________________________________________________________________


WATER INDUCED DISASTER

MANAGEMENT IN NEPAL

Subash Gupta Civil Engineering Student (2nd Year) Paschimanchal Campus Lamachaur-16, Pokhara

Sangam Acharya Civil Engineering Student (2nd Year)

Paschimanchal Campus Lamachaur-16, Pokhara

Email id: [email protected] Email id: [email protected] ²

Abstract:- Nepal is situated on active tectonic plate which is characterized by complex structural deformations, geohazards, highly dynamic physical processes and instabilities. Nepal is prone to different disaster among them flood is predominant. Nepal is facing huge loss due to water induced disasters. Among these disasters floods are dominant. Flood occurring every year in Nepal has adverse effect on the civil communities. Nepal has a poor Index for Risk Management (INFORM). There are fluctuations in the recording of death data caused by flood. The Government of Nepal focuses more on the post disaster than pre disaster phase on the preparedness phase of disasters. As a result millions of dollar has been invested every year just to rehabilitate the disaster beneficiaries and same case is repeated every year in recovering the loss but we are still facing same problem. So, the todays need and mandate of SDG and disaster activities for better development of communities. These disasters must be mainstreamed with the development works to avoid future destruction caused by poor construction of infrastructure. Such construction should be properly planned and evaluated to avoid possible effects and consequences from floods. So, this paper has mainly focused on water induced disaster and its management through the various techniques. The paper has attempted to manage the prevalence of these hazards and their associated disasters also seeks to explore the disaster of 2019.

Key words:- Geohazards, vulnerability, water induced disasters

1.Introduction

As the topography of Nepal is rugged and due to the fragile geophysical structure, Rainfall received is all flowed to lower plain areas whose accumulation causes flood. Every year Nepal has been victimized of water induced disasters. Simply, water induced disaster mean problems and damages which occur due to heavy uncontrollable water flow mainly in rivers. Nepal experienced a devastating flood in the terai region which took the life of 1336 people and affected more than 487,534 people in 1993 and 1998 A.D. These disaster caused huge loss of houses, lives and destroyed huge hectares of land causing a total loss of 2 billion rupees. Almost every year Nepal is facing problems due to flood either in small losses or huge losses Disaster Bulletin Reports 1998). According to Flood Forecasting Bulletin Reports In monsoon of 2017 out of 75 districts 37 districts had been affected. Due to continuous rainfall in different parts of the country, approximately 1,00,000 lives had been affected and more than 50 people were killed. According to Nepal Red Cross, a total of 27,861 families had been affected. According to National Planning Commission (NCP) during monsoon 2017 total damage caused by floods was 584.7 million, over 1.7 million people in 35 districts were affected (Nepal Disaster Report, 2017). These disasters damages not only in Nepal but also in neighbouring countries India and Bangladesh. Similarly, ranging from small scale to large scale almost every year Nepal is facing water induced disasters either in large or small scale. The main cause of these problems is poor governing policies of government and flood checking policies. There are not

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