Advisory committee

1. V. Narayanan Master, Chairman, Standing committee for-Education & Health, Dist. Panchayath, Kasaragod

2. George Joseph, Principal, DIET, Kasaragod3. V. Ramachandran, DDE, Kasaragod.4. Dr. P. Rajan, DPO, SSA, Kasaragod.5. G. K. Sreekandan Nair, AEO, Bekal.

Chief EditorGeorge Joseph, Principal, DIET, Kasaragod

EditorP. Bhaskaran, Lecturer, DIET, Kasaragod

Resource Team

1. P. Bhaskaran, Lecturer, DIET, Kasaragod2. Suresh Kokkot, Lecturer, DIET, Kasaragod3. N. K. Baburaj, HM, GLPS Kalanad Old

DTP, Layout & Coverpage DesignJayan G, Shyamlal

KpW\nehmcapff hnZym`ymkw Ip´nbpsS AhImiw

F∂ e£yw km¿∞Iam°p∂Xn\pff {]bmWØnemWt√m

\mw. \ΩpsS Hmtcm hnZymebtØbpw anIhm¿∂

{]h¿Ø\߃°mbn k÷am°nbm¬ am{Xta CXv

km[n°pIbpffq. Cu {]bmWØn¬ {]iv\ßfpw

{]Xnk‘nIfpw Gsd D≠mImw. hnZymebßfnse

KpW\nehmcw Db¿Øp∂Xn\mbn Hmtcm {]iv\sØbpw

AXmXnSßfn¬ AXmXv kabØv ]cnlcnt°≠Xp≠v.

hntI{μoIrX {]h¿Ø\Ønt‚bpw kq£vaXe

At\zjWØns‚bpw Hcp kwkv°mcw hnIkn∏n®m¬ am{Xta

\ΩpsS hnZymeb߃ KpW\nehmcØns‚ {]Xy£

ASbmfßfmbn amdpIbpffq.

icnbmbn Bkq{XWw sNbvX hnZymeb

{]h¿Ø\ßfneqsSbpw Nn´bmb AXns‚ \SØn∏neqsSbpw

am{Xta e£yØnte°v apt∂dm≥ Ignbq F∂v \mw

Xncn®dn™n´p≠v. Cu {]{InbbpsS A®pX≠mbn

{]h¿Ønt°≠Xv {][m\m[ym]IcmWv.

hnZym`ymk hIp∏v s]mXp hnZymebßsf

i‡ns∏SpØp∂Xn\pw KpW\nehmcØnte°v

Db¿Øp∂Xn\pw th≠n Ht´sd I¿Ω]≤XnIƒ

apt∂m´psh®ncn°pIbmWv.Cu h¿jw ss{]adnXew apX¬

lb¿sk°≠dnXew hscbpff Hmtcm Ip´ntbbpw _n

BapJw

t{KUntem AXn\p apIfntemDff ]T\ \nehmcØnte°v Db¿ØpI

F∂Xn\mWv Du∂¬. CXns‚ `mKambn A[ym]I¿°v 6 ZnhksØ

Ah[n°me ]cnioe\hpw {][m\m[ym]¿°v 2 ZnhksØ {]tXyI

]cnioe\hpw \¬IpIbp≠mbt√m, hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS

kakvXtaJeIfnepw KpWmflIambn CSs]Sm≥ {][m\m[ym]Isc

{]m]vXcm°m≥ D∂w sh®pffXmbncp∂p c≠p ZnhksØ ]cnioe\]cn]mSn.

Cu ]cnioe\ØneqsS e`n® ImgvN∏mSpIfpw [mcWIfpw Dƒs°m≠psIm≠v

Hcp am¿KtcJ cq]s∏SpØWw F∂v {][m\m[ym]I¿ ]cnioe\ kabØv

Bhiys∏SpIbp≠mbn. Cu Bhiyw IqSn ]cnKWn®mWv Cu am¿KtcJ

cq]s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. CXnse D≈S°w s]mXpsh F√m hnZymeb߃°pw

D]tbmK{]ZamsW¶nepw apJyambpw D∂w sh°p∂Xv F¬.]n., bp.]n.

hnZymebßsfbmWv. {][m\m[ym]cpsS Iq´mbvatbmsS cq]s∏SpØnb Cu

am¿KtcJ hnZymebßfn¬ A°mZanI {]h¿Ø\߃ Bkq{XWw

sNøp∂Xnepw AXv \S∏n¬ hcpØp∂Xnepw IqSpX¬ sXfn®w \¬Ipsa∂v

{]Xo£n°p∂p.

tPm¿Pv tPmk^v

{]n≥kn∏mƒ,

Ub‰v, ImkdtKmUv.

kv°qƒ {]h¿Ø\߃ ^e{]m]vXnbn¬ FØn°p∂Xn¬

{][m\m[ym]IcpsS ]¶v hfsc hepXmWv. amdnhcp∂

kmlNcy߃°\pkcn®v Xs‚ kl{]h¿ØIscbpw

]TnXm°sfbpw apt∂m´p\bn°m≥sI¬∏p≈ Hcp

`cWm[nImcnbpw, A°mZanI t\Xmhpw, Bkq{XI\pw P\Iob\pw

Hs° Bbncn°Ww {]Ym\m[ym]I≥.

{][m\m[ym]IcpsS im‡oIcWØns‚ mKambmWv "Ub‰v'

Cu ssI∏pkvXIw ]pdØnd°p∂Xv. s]mXphnZym`ymk hIp∏v

apt∂m´psh°p∂ hnhn[ {]h¿Ø\߃ e{]Zambn \S∏nem°m≥

{]Ym\m[ym]I¿°v Cu ]pkvXIw Gsd klmbIcambncn°psa∂v

F\n°v Dd∏p≠v.

hn. \mcmbW≥ amÿ

sNb¿am≥

BtcmKy˛hnZym`ymk Ãm‚nwKv IΩ‰n

Pn√m ]©mbØv, Imk¿tKmUv

ktμiw

1. hnZymeb P\m[n]Xy thZn ............................................ 7

2. kv°qƒ ipNnXz BtcmKy]cn]mSn ............................. 14

3. D®`£W ]cn]mSn ............................................................ 17

4. imkv{Xh¿jw ]cn]mSnIƒ ........................................... 20

5. et_md´dn \hoIcWw .................................................... 26

6. sse{_dn \hoIcWw ....................................................... 28

7. ¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃......................................................... 31

8. Zn\mtLmj߃ .................................................................. 33

9. Fkv.B¿.Pn./k_vPŒv Iu¨kn¬ .......................... 35

10. kv°qƒ ]n.Sn.F. .................................................................. 38

11. hnZymeb Pm{KXm kanXn ............................................... 42

12. kºq¿Æ BtcmKy ImbnI £aXm ]cn]mSn ...... 46

13. F®v.Fw. tamWn‰dnwKv ...................................................... 49

14. ]ncoUv Bkq{XWw .......................................................... 54

15. A\p_‘w

i. hnZymeb tamWn‰dnwKv Sqƒ ................................. 64

ii. ¢mkv tamWn‰dnwKv Sqƒ ......................................... 69

iii. t{]m{Kmw tamWn‰dnwKv t^m¿am‰v ..................... 70

iv. kvIqfn¬ kq£nt°≠ tcJIƒ .................... 71

v. D®`£W ]cn]mSn ˛ k¿°pe¿ ...................... 74

vi. kvIqƒ ]n.Sn.F. ˛ DØchv ................................... 77

vii. s]mXpNSßpIƒ ˛ DØchv ................................ 82

viii. hnhcmhImiw ˛ DØchv ...................................... 85

D≈S°w

tkmgvkv _p°v D]tbmKn°ptºmƒ

hnZym`ymk {]h¿Ø\߃ anIhp‰Xm°m\pff

am¿§\n¿t±ißfpw {]h¿Ø\ßfpamWv {][m\ambpw

CXnse DffS°w. CXns\ kzmwioIcn®v hnZymebØns‚

{]tXyIXIƒ IqSn ]cnKWn®v {]h¿Ø\ ]cn]mSnIƒ

Bkq{XWw sNbvXv \S∏nem°m\pff kzmX{¥yw

{][m\m[ym]I¿ {]tbmP\s∏SptØ≠XmW.v Cu tkmgvkv

_p°v Fßs\sbms° {]tbmP\s∏SpØmsa∂p t\m°mw.

hnZymeb Bhiy߃ Is≠Øp∂Xn\pw {]h¿Ø\

]cn]mSnIƒ Bkq{XWw sNøp∂Xn\pw Dff d^d≥kv

kma{Knbmbn.

A[ym]I¿°v Hmtcm L´Ønepw Bhiyamb

\n¿t±ißfpw klmbhpw \evIm≥

kvIqƒ/¢m v {]h¿Ø\߃ ^e{]Zambn tamWn‰¿

sNøm≥.

{][m\[ym]I≥ F∂ \nebn¬ ssZ\wZn\

{]h¿Ø\ßf Bkq{XWw sNøp∂Xn\v.

hnZymeb anIhn\mhiyamb X\Xv {]h¿Ø߃

I≠Øn Bkq{XWw sNøp∂Xn\v.

Db¿∂ Hm^oknte°v \¬Im\mbn hnZymeb

{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS dnt∏m¿´v Xømdm°m≥.

hnZymeb P\m[n]Xy thZn

]uc[¿Ωhpw P\m[n]Xy t_m[hpw hy‡nIfn¬

Du´nbpd∏t°≠Xv hnZymeßfn¬ sh®mWv. AhImi

t_m[tØmsS ISaIƒ \n¿Δln°m≥ Ignbp∂p F∂

A`nam\w hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v \¬Im≥ hnZymeb߃°v

IgnbWw. hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\ßfnse√mw hnZym¿∞nIfpsS

]¶mfnØw Dd∏p hcpØm\pw Ahkcw D≠mhWw. CXn\pff

]cnioe\ IfcnIfmWv bYm¿YØn¬ "kvIqƒ P\m[]Xy

thZn'.

hnZymebØnse apgph≥ ]mTy˛]mtTyXc {]h¿Ø\

ßfnepw XßfptSXmb DØchmZnXz߃ \ndth‰m≥ Ignbpw

hn[Øn¬ kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚ v kwhn[m\w ]p\:{IaoIcn

t°≠Xp≠v. Ip´nIfn¬ ]uct_m[hpw P\m[n]Xy hnizmkhpw

hy‡nXz hnImkhpw t\Xrtijnbpw hf¿ØnsbSp°m≥ Ignbpw

hn[w hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ AhcpsS ]¶mfnØw

Dd∏m°p∂Xn\v hnZymeb P\m[n]Xy thZnIfneqsS IgnbWw.

KpWta≥abpff hnZym`ymkw Ip´nIfpsS AhImiamWv F∂

Xncn®dnhv hnZym¿∞nIfn¬ hf¿ØnsbSp°m\pw hnZymeb

P\m[n]Xy thZnbneqsS km[yamIWw. Ip´nIfpsS ]¶mfnØw

Dd∏m°ns°m≠v hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\߃ IqSpX¬

kpXmcyam°m≥ CXphgn Ignbpw.

9¢m v k`bpw ]m¿esa‚pw

hnZymeb P\m[n]Xy thZnbpsS ASnÿm\ LSIßfmWv ¢mkv k`Ifpw,

kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚pw.

F¬. ]n. Xew ¢m v k`

Hmtcm ¢mkpw Hmtcm ¢mkv k`bmWv, ¢mknse Ip´nIƒ AXnse

AwKßfpw. P\m[n]Xy coXnbn¬ sXscs™Sp°s∏Sp∂ Hcp eoU¿ BWv

¢m v k`bpsS A[y£≥. Cu k`bn¬ \mev {Kq∏pIƒ D≠mIpw (\mep

hIp∏pIƒ).

1 ipNnXzw

2 IpSnshffw, `£Ww

3 A®S°w

4 IemImbnIw

¢mkv k`bnse Hmtcm {Kq∏ns‚bpw {]h¿Ø\߃ BgvNbnsemcp

XhWsb¶nepw hnebncpØs∏SWw. Ip´nIƒ°p Xs∂ hnebncpØm≥

klmbIcamb coXnbn¬ Hmtcm {]h¿Ø\taJebpambpw _‘s∏´

kqNI߃ Ip´nIfpsS IqSn ]¶mfnØtØmsS hnIkn∏nt°≠XmWv. CXv

Nm¿´n¬ FgpXn ¢m n¬ {]Z¿in∏n°Ww.

1. ipNnXzw

a. ¢mknepw ]cnkcØpw

¢mknepw ]cnkØpw N∏pNhdpIƒ hens®dn™n´n√.

N∏pNhdpIƒ CSm≥ Nh‰p Ip´ D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v.

F√m Znhkhpw ¢mkpw ]cnkchpw hrØnbm°p∂p≠v.

πmÃnIv amen\y߃ {]tXyIw Ipgnbn¬ \nt£]n°p∂p≠v.

amdmeIƒ, s]mSn ]Se߃, `£WmhinjvS߃ F∂nh C√msX

¢mkpw ]cnkchpw hrØnbmbn kq£n°p∂p≠v.

10b. hy‡n ipNnXzw

`£WØn\p apºpw tijhpw ssIbpw apJhpw

IgpIp∂p≠v.

F√mIp´nIfpw Ipfn®v hrØnbmbn´mWv hcp∂Xv.

\Jw sh´n hrØnbm°nbn´p≠v.

Ae°n hrØnbm°nb hkv{XamWv [cn°p∂Xv.

]√ptX®p hrØnbm°nbn´p≠v.

apSn NoIn hrØnbm°nbn´p≠v.

2. IpSnshffw, `£Ww

ip≤amb IpSnshffw F√mh¿°pw D]tbmKn°m≥ ]mIØn¬ D≠v,

shffØns‚ ]m{Xw F√m Znhkhpw IgpIn hrØnbm°p∂p≠v.

shffw BhiyØn\p am{Xw D]tbmKn°p∂p.

shffw sh°p∂ ]cnkcw ipNnbmbn kq£n®n´p≠v.

F√m Ip´nIfpw `£Ww Ign°p∂p≠v.

hrØnbpff ÿeØv kuIcyambn Ccp∂v `£Ww Ign°p∂p≠v.

`£Ww ]mgm°p∂n√.

3. A®S°w

Ccn∏nS߃ `wKnbmbpw Nn´bmbpw {IaoIcn®n´p≠v.

]pkvXI߃ ss_≥Up sNbvXv `wKnbmbn kq£n°p∂p≠v.

D]tbmKn°m≥ ]mIØn¬ t]\/s]≥kn¬/d∫¿/kvsIbn¬/t_mIvkv/

]pkvXIw F∂nh sIm≠ph∂n´p≠v.

_mKv, IpS F∂nh bYmÿm\Øv sh®n´p≠v.

Akwªnbn¬ ]s¶Sp°m≥ t]mIp∂Xpw Xncn®phcp∂Xpw XnI™

A®S°tØmsSbpw Iyq ]men®psIm≠pamWv.

¢mknse km[\ kma{KnIƒ, ]Tt\m]IcW߃, Nm¿´pIƒ F∂nh

BI¿jIambn {IaoIcn®´p≠v.

114. IemImbnIw

_mek` F√m BgvNbpw \n›nX Znhkw \S°p∂p≠v.

_mek`bnse hnhn[ ]cn]mSnIfn¬ F√m Ip´nIfpw hyXykvX

Ahkcßfnembn ]s¶Sp°p∂p≠v.

Ifn D]IcW߃ D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v, kq£n°p∂p≠v.

kvIqƒ Xe Iem/ImbnI tafbn¬ ¢mkns‚ ]¶mfnØw Dd∏m°p∂p≠v.

hnhn[ ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ F√m Ip´nIfpw ]s¶Sp°p∂p≠v.

ta¬∏d™ hnebncpج kqNI߃ Hmtcm {Kq∏pw Gs‰SpØp \S∏n¬

hcptØ≠ {]h¿Ø\ kqNI߃ IqSnbmWv.

{Kq∏pIfpsS NpaXe Hmtcm amkhpw am‰mhp∂XmWv. Hmtcm {Kq∏ns‚bpw

{]h¿Ø\ßsf hnebncpØm\pff kqNI߃ Nm¿´nsegpXn ¢m n¬ Xq°Ww.

Hmtcm BgvNbnepw CXn¬ a‰p{Kq∏pIfpsS hnebncpج tcJs∏SpØWw.

CXn\p klmIcamb coXnbn¬ Nm¿´pIƒ Xømdm°mhp∂XmWv. Hcp amXrI

NphsS \¬Inbncn°p∂p.

kqNI߃

G.No..........Bgv® 1 Bgv® 3Bgv® 2 Bgv® 4

G.No.......... G.No.......... G.No..........

1 ¢mknepw ]cnkØpw

N∏pNhdpIƒ

hens®dn™n´n√.

2 N∏pNhdpIƒ CSm≥ Nh‰p

Ip´ D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v.

3 F√m Znhkhpw ¢mkpw

]cnkchpw

hrØnbm°p∂p≠v.

4 πmÃnIv amen\y߃

{]tXyIw Ipgnbn¬

\nt£]n°p∂p≠v.

5 amdmeIƒ, s]mSn ]Se߃,

`£WmhinjvS߃ F∂nh

C√msX ¢mkpw ]cnkchpw

hrØnbmbn kq£n°p∂p≠v.

5 points 3 points 0 point

RßfpsS ¢mkv ipNnXzap≈ ¢mkv

12¢mkv k` tNcptºmƒ

¢mkv So®dpsS km∂n[yØnte k` tNcmhq. a‰v A[ym]I¿°pw

c£nXm°ƒ°pw \nco£Icmbn ]s¶Sp°mhp∂XmWv. tbmK \S]SnIƒ

tcJs∏SpØn sht°≠XmWv. AwKßfpsS

tNmZy߃°v adp]Sn ]dbp∂Xpw \n¿t±i߃

kzoIcn®v ]≤Xn BhnjvIcn°p∂Xpw Hmtcm

hIp∏nsebpw a{¥namcmWv.

¢mkv k` bp.]n Xew

bp.]n kvIqfnepw k`bpsS A[y£≥ ¢mkv eoU¿ Xs∂. sXcs™Sp∏p

{]{InbIfpw \S]SnIfpw ]men®psIm≠mbncn°Ww ¢mkv eoUtdbpw

a{¥namtcbpw sXcs™Spt°≠Xv. tbmK\S]SnIƒ tcJs∏SpØp∂Xn\mbn

bp.]n. hnZymebßfn¬ ¢mkv k`bv°v Hmtcm sk{I´dnbpw D≠mIWw. {][m\

hIp∏pIƒ ChbmWv.

1 A®S°w

2 ipNnXzw, kuμcyh¬°cWw

3 hnZym`ymkw, Iem kmwkvImcnIw

4 ImbnIw, {]hrØn ]cnNbw

5 `£Ww, BtcmKyw

NpaXeIfpw {]h¿Ø\ßfpw F¬.]n ¢mkv k`bn¬ \n¿t±in®h

Xs∂bmWv. Ch IqSmsX kuμcyh¬°cWw F∂Xv ¢mkns‚bpw AXphgn

samØw kvIqfns‚bpw kuμcyh¬°cWamWv e£yanSp∂Xv. hnZym`ymk {Kq∏v

¢mkv sse{_dn, hmb\maqe, _pff‰n≥ t_m¿Uv, ssIsøgpØv amknI

F∂nhbpsS D]tbmKhpw hnebncptØ≠Xp≠v.

¢mkv k`Ifpw kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚pw amkØn¬ Hcp XhW tbmKw tN¿∂v

{]h¿Ø\߃ hnebncpØpIbpw `mhn]cn]mSnIƒ Bkq{XWw sNøpIbpw

thWw.

13kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚ v

¢mkv eoU¿amcmWv kvIqƒ

]m¿esa‚nse Fw ]n am¿.

amkØn¬ H∂v F∂ tXmXnse¶nepw

kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚ v hnfn®p tN¿°Ww.

Chcn¬ \n∂pw {][m\ a{¥nbpw, a‰p

a{¥namcpw sXcs™Sp°s∏SWw.

Bhiyapfft∏mƒ a{¥nam¿ ¢mkv

k`bnse _‘s∏´ a{¥namcpsS

tbmKw hnfn®p tN¿°Ww

kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚n¬ bp.]n hn`mKØn¬ {]h¿Ø\ kuIcyØn\mbn

A©v hIp∏pIƒ D≠mbncn°p∂Xv \√Xmbncn°pw.

1 A®S°w

2 ipNnXzw, kuμcyh¬°cWw

3 hnZym`ymkw, Ie, kmwkvImcnIw

4 ImbnIw, {]hrØn]cnNbw

5 `£Ww, BtcmKyw

kvIqfnse a‰v ¢∫pIƒ Hmtcm a{¥nk`bptSbpw Iognembncn°pw.

kb≥kv ¢∫v

tkmjy¬ kb≥kv ¢∫v

KWnX ¢∫v

hnZymcwKw IemkmlnXythZnhnZym`ymkw, IemkmwkvImcnIw

hnZym`ymkw, Ie, kmwkvImcnIw

tKƒkv ¢∫v(Iuamcy Zo]nI)

]cnÿnXn¢∫v ˛ipNnXzw, kuμcyh¬°cWw

sl¬Øv ¢∫v ˛BtcmKyw, `£Ww

kvIu´v & ssKUvkv

_pƒ_pƒ ¢∫pIƒ A®S°w

sdUv t{Imkv

Cu coXnbnembncn°Ww {IaoIcWw.

14Hmtcm hIp∏ns‚bpw NpaXe Hc[ym]I\v/A[ym]nIbv°v.

kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚nse an\n‰vknse {]k‡ `mK߃ {][m\[ym]I≥

kvIqƒ Akwªnbnepw, Ãm^v ao‰nßnepw AhXcn∏n°Ww.

kvIqƒ P\m[n]Xy thZn°v Hcp t\m´okv t_m¿Uv D≠mbncn°Ww.

hnZym¿∞nIfpsS s]mXp hnImcw Adnbp∂Xn\v P\m[n]Xy thZn°v

Hcp tNmZys∏´n ÿm]n°mhp∂XmWv.

Xs‚ hoSpw ]cnkchpw hrØnbmbn kq£n°m≥ \mw

F{Xam{Xw ap≥ssIsbSp°p∂pthm A{Xbpw {]m[m\yw

kvIqfpw ]cnkchpw hrØnbm°p∂ ImcyØnepw \mw

ImWnt°≠Xp≠v. hy‡nipNnXzw Gsdbpff \mw ]cnkc

ipNnXzØns‚ ImcyØnepw Gsd {i≤nt°≠Xp≠v.

]cnkc ipNnXzw ]men°m\p≈ at\m`mhw Ip´nIfn¬

hf¿ØnsbSpt°≠Xp≠v. CXn\p≈ A\p`hßfpw \√

amXrIIfpw hnZymebßfn¬ D≠mIWw. hnZymebhpw

]cnkchpw ]cnkc ipNnXzØns‚ DØa amXrIIfm

bncn°Ww. CXv A[ym]Icpw Ip´nIfpw tN¿∂p≈ Hcp Iq´mb

bXv\Øns‚ ^eambncn°Ww. kv°qƒ ]cnkc

ipNnXzhpambn _‘s∏´v Fs¥ms° ImcyßfmWv

{][m\m[ym]I¿ Dd∏phcptØ≠sX∂v t\m°mw.

I°qkv, aq{X∏pc, ¢mkvapdn , ]mNIime

X p S ß n b h b p s S

A ‰ I p ‰ ∏ W n I ƒ

bYmkabw \SØp∂p.

(G{]n¬ sabv amkßfn¬

Xs∂)

kvIqƒ ipNnXz BtcmKy ]cn]mSn

16I°qkv/aq{X∏pcIfn¬ PehnXcW kwhn[m\˛ samcp°p∂p.

ItºmÃv Ipgn \n¿Ωn°p∂p/dnt∏¿ sNøp∂p.

ssPhamen\yw, AssPhamen\yw (πmÃnIv, teml߃, •m v,

D]IcWßfpsS AhinjvS߃, kndanIvkv..) c≠n\pw shtΔsd

kuIcyw.

F√m¢mknepw Nh‰pIp´, Nq¬, Im´wtImcn, Nhn´n XpSßnbh

Hcp°nbn´p≠v.

InW¿, Sm¶v ipNoIcn°p∂p, hebn´p

aqSp∂p.

Ãm^v apdn , Hm^okv apdn

ipNoIcn°p∂p. ^b¬, ]pkvXI߃,

a‰p kma{KnIƒ F∂nh Nn´bmbn ASp°n

sh°p∂p.

πmÃnIv amen\yap‡ hnZymebw F∂

e£yw {]mh¿ØnIam°p∂p.

t]mÿ, \n¿t±i߃ ASßnb

π°m¿Uv (in metal or in wooden sheet)

ÿm]n°p∂p.

ipNnXz ]cn]me\Øn¬ anI® ¢mkns\

sXcs™Sp°p∂p. kΩm\w \¬In

A`n\μn°p∂p.

¢mkv apdn, Hm^okv apdn, Ãm^v apdn

F∂nh Nn{X߃/t^mt´m, hN\߃

F∂nh sIm≠v Ae¶cn°p∂p.

kvIqƒ ]dºv tπm´pIfmbn Xncn®v

¢mkpIƒ°v ipNoIcW NpaXe

\¬Ip∂p.

]dºn¬ XW¬ ac߃ \´phf¿Øp∂p.

PetkN\˛kwc £W®paXe hn`Pn®p

\¬Ip∂p.

hrØnbpw shSn∏pap≈ ¢mkv

BtcmKyIcamb Hcp

]T\m¥co£w {]Zm\w

sNøp∂p. sNdnb

¢mkpIfnse Ip´nIƒ

¢mkpIfn¬ Xdbnepw a‰pw

Ccp∂mWt√m

]T\{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬

G¿s∏Sp∂Xv. AXpsIm≠v

Xs∂ ¢mkv s]mSnbn√msX

hrØnbmbn kq£n°Ww.

CXn\mbn...

¢mkn\v ]pdØv Nhn´n

sh°Ww (hrØnbp≈

Nm°mbmepw aXn)

sNcp∏v F√mhcpw

(A[ym]I≥ Dƒs∏sS

¢mkn\pshfnbn¬ \n›nX

ÿm\Øv kq£n°Ww.

¢mkn\IØv BhiyØn\v

]mb e`yam°Ww.

Aev]w {i≤n®m¬ \ap°v

CsXms°

sNømhp∂Xt√bp≈q.

17aen\ Pe \n¿Ωm¿÷\ kwhn[m\samcp°p∂p.

D®`£Ww ]mgm°p∂Xv XSbm\pff {IaoIcWw G¿s∏SpØp∂p.

t_m[h¬°cW ¢m pIƒ, knUn {]Z¿i\w, saUn°¬ IymºpIƒ,

ipNnXz BtcmKy t{]mPIvSpIƒ, k¿tΔ, sl¬Øv Im¿Uv F∂o

{]h¿Ø\߃ \S°p∂p.

kvIqƒXe ipNnXz {Kq∏pw, `£W˛ BtcmKy {Kq∏pw Gs‰Spt°≠

NpaXeIfmWv Ch. BtcmKy {Kq∏ns‚ an° {]h¿Ø\ßfpw Gs‰Sp°p∂Xv

kvIqƒ sl¬Øv ¢∫v Bbncn°pw.

tIcfØnse hnZymebßfn¬ D®`£W ]cn]mSn

Bcw`n®n´v h¿jßfmbn. t]mjImlmc Zmcn{Zyw \ΩpsS

kvIqƒ Ip´nIfnep≠v F∂v ]T\߃ sXfnbn°p∂p.

AXpsIm≠pXs∂ D®`£Ww t]mjIkar≤ amth≠Xv

A\nhmcyamWv. Acnbpw ]bdpw am{Xw thhn®p \¬Ip∂

coXnbn¬ am‰w h∂psh¶nepw C∂pw kvIqfpIfn¬

\¬Inhcp∂ `£Ww t]mjI kar≤sa∂v AhImis∏Sm≥

hø. CtXmS\p_‘ambn ]mNIw, hnXcWw XpSßn Ht´sd

taJeIfn¬ \hoIcWw BhiyamWv.

Fs¥ms° {i≤n°Ww?

]mNI°mc≥ hy‡nipNnXzsØ°pdn®v \∂mbn

Adn™ncn°Ww.

Ch¿°v {]mb]cn[n \n›bn°p∂Xv \√XmWv.

`£W AhinjvS߃ aÆnc ItºmÃv Ipgnbn¬

\nt£]n°mw. Ch hfamIptºmƒ kvIqƒ

]®°dntØm´Øntem a‰v

Irjn BhiyØnt\m

D]tbmKn°mw.

`£W ]mNIØnse

ipNnXzw Dd∏phcpØm≥

D®`£W ]cn]mSn

19Hmtcm Znhkhpw ]nSnF/Fw]nSnF AwKßfpsS km∂n[yw Dugan´v

G¿s∏SpØmhp∂XmWv. hn`h߃ tiJcn°p∂ ImcyØnepw Cu Dugw

\n›bn°mw. ¢m v ]nSnFbn¬ Cu Imcyw N¿® sNbvXv Hmtcm

¢m nt‚bpw Fw]nSnFbv°v NpaXe G¬∏n°Ww. ipNnXzhpw

t]mjWhpw Dd∏p hcpØm≥ CXv klmbn°pw.

AS®pd∏pw ipNnXzhpapff ASp°f D≠mbncn°Ww.

ssI IgpIn `£Ww Ign°pI F∂Xv Hcp ioeamIWw.

aen\Pe amt\Ppsa‚ v icnbmbn \n¿hln°Ww. IgpIp∂ shffw Nc¬

]qgn apXembh \nd® Sm¶neqsS ISØnhn´v Acn®tijw Irjn

BhiyØn\v D]tbmKn°mhp∂XmWv.

Kh¨sa‚ v kvIqfpIfn¬ tÃm¿ dqw

]©mbØpIfpsS sabn‚\≥kv

^≠p]tbmKn®v \n¿Ωn°mw.

`£yhkvXp°ƒ AS®pd∏pff

]m{Xßfntem, Fen IbdmØhn[w

AS®pd∏pff apdnbntem kq£n°Ww.

`£Ww Ign°m\p]tbmKn°p∂

sπbn‰pIƒ F∂pw IgpIn hrØnbm°p∂p

F∂pd∏phcpØWw. sπbn‰pIƒ

sIm≠phcp∂ps≠∂v Dd∏phcpØm≥

AΩam¿ {i≤n°Ww.

`£W hnXcWØn\v A≤ym]I¿ Xs∂

ta¬t\m´w hln°Ww.

`£Ww Ign°p∂Xn\v hrØnbpffXpw

kuIcy {]Zhpamb CSw Ip´nIƒ°v

\¬Im≥ {]tXyIw {i≤n°Ww. {]tXyI

`£Wime C√mØnSØv kz¥w

Ccn∏nSØn¬ Ccp∂p Xs∂ `£Ww

Ign°s´.

ip≤amb IpSnshffw e`yam°Ww.

Ch Ip´nIfpsS AhImi

\ntj[amW,v {IqcXbmWv

Zo¿Lt\cw `£W˛

Øn\mbn Iyq \n¿Ø¬

NqSpff D®`£Ww

ssIønse ]m{XØn¬

hnfºn\¬I¬

`£WØn\mbn sNdnb

¢m nse Ip´nIƒ Zqcw

k©cn°¬

CSpßnb hcm¥bnepw

hrØnbn√mØ ÿeØpw

Ccp∂v £Ww Ign°¬.

20I™nshffw IpSn°p∂Xv t{]m’mln∏n°Ww. ]©mbØpIfpsS

Du¿Panj≥ t{]mPIvSpIfn¬s∏SpØn kvIqfpIfn¬ tkmfm¿ hm´¿ lo‰¿

ÿm]n°m≥ Ignbpw.

]mNIw, hnXcWw, kmºØnIw, tamWn‰dnwKv XpSßn F√m

taJeIfnepw ]nSnFbpsS ]¶mfnØw Dd∏m°Ww.

D®`£W]cn]mSnbpsS samØw \SØn∏pw \nb{¥Whpw hm¿Uv saº¿

sNb¿am\mbpff D®`£W°Ωn‰n°mWv.

kvIqƒ ]®°dntØm´ßƒ hym]Iam°Ww.

amkmamkw \S°p∂ D®`£W°Ωn‰n AhtemI\tbmKØn¬

slUvamÿ/NpaXebpff A[ym]I≥ Imcy߃ AhXcn∏n°Ww.

sa®s∏SpØm\pff \n¿t±i߃ N¿® sNøWw.

kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚nse `£Ww˛BtcmKy {Kq∏ns‚ Iognembncn°pw

CXns‚ {]h¿Ø\߃. kvIqƒ ]m¿esa‚ v Hmtcm amkhpw tbmKw

tN¿∂v D®`£W ]cn]mSn sa®s∏SpØm\pff \n¿tZi߃

cq]s∏SpØn Nm¿Ppff A[ym]nIsb Adnbn°Ww.

imkv{X h¿jw{]tXyI ]cn]mSnIƒ

A¥mcmjv{S tPymXnimkv{X h¿jambn 2009

BNcn°s∏SpIbmWv. Cu kμ¿`Øn¬ Ip´nIfn¬ imkv{Xob

at\m`mhw D≠m°nsbSp°pI F∂ e£ytØmsS

"Keoentbm en‰n¬ kb‚nÃv' F∂ {]tXyI ]cn]mSn

hnZymebßfn¬ \S∏nem°pIbmWv. CXns‚ `mKambn

hnZymebßfn¬ Gs‰SpØp \StØ≠ {]h¿Ø\߃,

]cn]mSnIƒ Nneh C\n ]dbp∂p.

BgvNbn¬ \n›nX Znhkw XmsgImSpØhbn¬

GsX¶nepw Hcp ]cn]mSn hoXw \SØmhp∂XmWv

kvIqƒem_v D]IcWßfpsS {]Z¿i\w

BgvNbn¬ HcpZnhkw imkv{X ]co£Ww

imkv{X⁄≥amsc°pdn®pff kvIn‰ v/

PohNcn{XIpdn∏v AhXcWw XpSßnbh

2. sSekvtIm∏v \n¿ΩmW Ifcn

3. tPymXnimkv{X Iymºv

hm\\nco£Ww

imkv{X amPn°pIƒ/

eLp]co£W߃

kn.Un {]Z¿i\w XpSßnb

]cn]mSnIƒ

224 tPymXnimkv{X Ie≠¿ cq]oIcW {]h¿Ø\߃

5 imkv{X IemPmYIƒ

kwKoX inev]߃, eLp \mSI߃

]mh\mSI߃, imkv{X KoX߃....

6 KWnXw, imkv{Xw, kmaqlyimkv{Xw F∂nhbn¬ Du∂¬ \¬In.

_meimkv{X tIm¨{K v t{]mPIvSv AhXcWw(kvIqƒXew)

At\zjW hnjb߃

{]mtZinI Ncn{X cN\

{]mtZinI `qanimkv{X ]T\w

{]tZisØ aW¬

hnhn[bn\w ]mdIƒ

kky P¥p sshhn[yw XpSßnbh Is≠ØpIbpw Xcw Xncn®v

tcJs∏SpØepw, AhbpsS ]T\hpw

KWnXimkv{X amKkn≥

IW°nse IfnIƒ

IpkrXnIW°pIƒ

KWnX]T\w ckIcam°¬

KWnXw \nXy PohnXØn¬

Ip´nIfpsS a‰v krjvSnIƒ

Ch IqSmsX k¿Δin£m A`nbm≥ apt∂m´p sh°p∂ {]h¿Ø\

Ie≠¿ NphsS tN¿°p∂p.

Pq¨ 2009

1. imkv{Xw, KWnXw, kmaqlyimkv{Xw F∂nh ssIImcyw sNøp∂

A[ym]I¿°v {]tXyI ]cnioe\w˛ 100 XoapIfpambn _‘s∏´ kn.Un

hnXcWw

2. kb≥kv, KWnXw, kmaqlyimkv{Xw F∂o hnjbßfpambn _‘s∏ v

]T\ t_m[\ coXn, em_v, ¢∫pIƒ F∂nhbpsS Ahÿm]T\w

(Ub‰pIfpsS t\XrXzØn¬)

3. Ip´nIƒ°v tPymXnimkv{Xhpambn _‘s∏´v {]o sSkv‰pIƒ.

234. kb≥kv, KWnXw, kmaqlyimkv{Xw ¢∫pIƒ hnhn[ ]cn]mSnItfmsS

kPoham°¬.

5. em_v, sse{_dn kPoham°¬.

6. tPymXn¿ tKmf߃, {]IrXn {]Xn`mk߃, tZiob, {]mtZinI

`qanimkv{Xw F∂nhbpambn _‘s∏´v 100 ]co£W {]h¿Ø\߃,

Ncn{Xmt\zjW߃F∂nh ASßnb h¿°p_p°pIƒ Ip´nIƒ°v

e`yam°epw, {]h¿Ø\߃ \S∏m°epw.

7. h¿°p_p°pIƒ \nc¥c hnebncpØens‚ `mKambn ]cnKWn°¬.

8. KWnXw, kb≥kv, kmaqlyimkv{Xw F∂o hnjbßfn¬ Pn√mXe

A[ym]I Iq´mbvaIƒ cq]oIcn°¬˛{]Xnamk HØptNc¬.

9. kb≥kv ¢∫v, tkmjy¬ kb≥kv ¢∫v, KWnX ¢∫v, hnZym`ymk

Pn√msk{I´dnam¿, D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk sk{I´dnam¿, kvt]m¨k¿am¿

F∂nh¿°pff ]cnioe\w˛XpS¿∂v c≠p amkØnsemcn°¬ GIZn\

inev]imeIƒ˛{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS hnebncpج

10. h¿°v _p°nse Pq¨ amk {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS ]q¿ØoIcWw/^oUv

_m°v tiJcWw.

11. tPymXnimkv{X Ie≠dpIƒ F√m ¢mknepw FØn°p∂p.

Pqsse 2009

1. kqcy{KlWw \nco£n°m≥ Solar FilterIfpsS \n¿amWw/¢m pIƒ.

2. Pqsse 22 `mKnI kqcy{KlWw t\cn´v \nco£n°¬.

3. Nm{μbm\ skan\mdpIƒ˛Pqsse 21˛\v F√m ]©mbØpIfnepw/

kvIqfpIfnepw/Pn√mtI{μßfnepw.

4. sSenkvtIm∏v \n¿amW coXnIƒ

5. hoUntbm PmYIƒ

6. h¿°p _p°nse Pqsse amkØnse {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS ]q¿ØoIcWw/

^oUv _m°v tiJcWw

BKÃv 2009

1. Keoentbm kb≥kv HfnºymUpIƒ˛_n.B¿.kn/Pn√mXew

242. kvIqƒXe/_n.B¿.kn Xe Keoentbm _meimkv{X tIm¨{K pIƒ/

Iznkv ]cn]mSn.

3. \£{X \nco£W klhmk IymºpIƒ.

4. A[ym]I ]cnio\߃

5. Ncn{Xmt\zjW߃.

6. h¿°v _p°nse BKÃv amk{]hcØ\ßfpsS ]q¿ØnIcWw/^oUv

_m°v If£≥

sk]v‰w_¿ 2009

1. Pn√mXe Keoentbm _meimkv{X tIm¨{K pIƒ

2. tkmW¬Xe (Hcp Pn√bn¬ 5 FÆw) Keoentbm kb≥kv

HfnºymUpIƒ.

3. h¿°v _p°v ^oUv _m°v tiJcWw

4. kvIqƒXe kb≥kv s^bdpIƒ

HIvtSm_¿/\hw_¿ 2009

1. kwÿm\Xe Keoentbm _meimkv{X tIm¨{K v

2. h¿°v _p°v ^oUv _m°v tiJcWw

3. N{μbm≥ H∂mw hm¿jnIw

Unkw_¿ 2009

1. Keoentbm kb≥kv HfnºymUv˛kwÿm\ Xew

2. KthjWÿm]\ßfnte°v ^o¬Uv {Sn∏pIƒ

3. Keoentbm en‰n¬ kb‚nÃv kzm[o\ ]T\w

4. Ip´nIƒ°v t]mÃv sSÃv

5. A[ym]I ]cnioe\w

2010 P\phcn/s^{_phcn/am¿®v

1. Ip´nIƒ kaqlhpambn AdnhpIƒ ]¶phbv°p∂p˛hn⁄m\°fcnIƒ

2. Keoentbm Ahm¿Uv hnXcWw

3. Dev]∂ {]Z¿i\߃

254. t\´ßfpsS hn\nabw ˛kwÿm\Xe skan\m¿

5. 2010˛2011 h¿jtØbv°pff {]h¿Ø\ ]mt°Pv Xømdm°¬.

IqSmsXF√mBgvNIfnepw kvIqfn¬ Ip´nIƒ°v Hcpan®v tIƒ°m\pw

kwhZn°m\pw km[n°pwhn[w kab{Iaw ]men®psIm≠v tdUntbm

kwt{]jW߃.

_n.B¿.kn.Xe kb≥kv tPWepIƒ

Zn\mNcW߃

t^m¨ C≥ t{]m{KmapIƒ

{]Xnamk Pn√mXe X\Xp {]h¿Ø\߃

hnhn[ hnjbßfpsS ka\zbw

1. kmaqlyimkv{Xw

a. Ncn{X ]T\w

imkv{XImc≥amcpsS PohNcn{Xw

AhcpsS KthjW߃

Ah¿ t\cn´ {]Xnk‘nIƒ/G‰pap´epIƒ Chsb°pdn®pff

At\zjW߃

Poh]cnWmasØ°pdn®pff At\zjW߃

am\hNcn{XØnse Hmtcm ImeL´ßfnsebpw

kwkvImcsØ°pdn®pff At\zjW߃

Hmtcm ImeL´Ønepw imkv{X ]ptcmKXn°p klmbn® LSI߃

/XS s∏SpØnb LSI߃

sXmgnepw imkv{Xhpw˛b{¥ßfpsS Is≠ØepIfpsS Ncn{Xw

XpSßnbh.

b. `uaimkv{Xw

{]mtZinI hn`hßsf°pdn®pff ]T\w

aÆv, ag, \ZnIƒ, sXmgnepIƒ

{]IrXn {]Xn`mkßfpsS \nco£Ww/Ahbv°m[mcamb

26LSßsf°pdn®pff At\zjW߃.

Irjnbpw Imemhÿbpw XpSßnbh

2. KWnXw

tPymXnimkv{X ]T\Ønse F√m ]co£Wßfnepw, \nco£W

{]h¿Ø\ßfnepw Ip´nIƒ°v Ah¿ ]Tn® KWnXmib߃ {]tbmKn°m≥

Ignbpw. ]pXnb KWnXmib߃ ]Tn°m\pw [mcmfw Ahkcßfp≠v. Zqcw,

ÿm\w, thKX, Dbcw, kabw, FÆw, hen∏w. LS\ F∂nhbnse√mw

KWnXmib߃ IS∂phcmw. k¶o¿Æamb KWnXmibßfpw Nnet∏mƒ

IS∂phcmw. Chsb√mw Xs∂ efnXambn ]Tn°m\pw {]tbmKn°m\pw Ahkcw

e`n°p∂p.

et_md´dn \hoIcWw

]pXnb ]mTy ]≤Xn A\pimkn°p∂ hn[Øn¬

Adnhns‚ \n¿ΩmW {]{Inbbv°v Du∂¬ \¬In ]T\w

^e{]ZamIWs¶n¬ hnZymebßfn¬ anI® et_md´dnIƒ

Hcpt°≠Xp≠v. imkv{X ]T\Øn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂ Cu

A[yb\ h¿jmcw`Øn¬ Xs∂ et_md´dn \hoIcW

{]h¿Ø\߃ XpStß≠Xp≠v.

♦ apgph≥ sslkvIqƒ/lb¿sk°≥UdnIfnepw

kpk÷amb et_md´dnIƒ Dd∏m°pI F∂XmWv

e£yw.

♦ F√m bp.]n kvIqfpIfnepw ss{]adn Xew hscbpff

imkv{X]T\Øn\p tbmPn® hn[Ønepff

et_md´dnIƒ

♦ F√m F¬.]n kvIqfpIfnepw eLp]co£W߃

Gs‰SpØv sNøp∂Xn\pff kuIcytØmSp IqSnb

]co£W aqeIƒ D≠mIWw.

♦ kvIqƒ XeØn¬

sNømhp∂ {]h¿Ø\߃

♦ kvIqfn¬ {]tXyI

NpaXe°msc \n›bn°pI.

(F¬.]n.bn¬ Dƒs∏sS),

28sslkvIqfpIfn¬ NpaXe°mcpsS t\XrXzØn¬ (4˛5 t]¿) ASßp∂

et_md´dn IΩn‰n cq]oIcn°¬

♦ UP/HS {]tXyI et_md´dn dqw Hcpt°≠XmWv.

♦ LPbn¬ \nehn¬ A[nI ¢m dqw kuIcyaps≠¶n¬ em_v Bbn

{IaoIcn°Ww./]co£W aqeIƒ Hcp°Ww.

♦ Pq¨ amkØn¬ Xs∂ \nehnepff D]IcWßfpsSbpw

cmkhkvXp°fpsSbpw tÃm°v hnebncpØn BhiyambhbpsS enÃv

Xømdm°¬

♦ PTA , Xt±i kzbw`cW ÿm]\ßfpsS klmbtØmsS

\hoIcW{]h¿Ø\߃ Bcw`n°¬

♦ LP/UP/HS hnZymebßfn¬ Hmtcm¢mknepw imkv{X ]mThpambn

_‘s∏´v, Hmtcmamkhpw Gs‰SpØv \SØmhp∂ ]co£WßfpsS

enÃv, Bhiyamb kma{KnIfpsS enÃv F∂nh ap≥Iq´n Xømdm°Ww.

♦ PTA/]©mbØv ^≠n¬ \nt∂m So®¿ {K‚n¬ \nt∂m XpI Is≠Øn

D]IcW߃/imkv{X ]pkvXI߃ F∂nh hm߬.

♦ imkv{X ]pkvXI߃ Ip´nIƒ°v \¬IpIbpw imkv{X ¢∫ns‚

t\XrXzØn¬ Ip´nIfpsS imkv{X Iev]nX IYIƒ (Science Fiction)

{]kn≤oIcn°mhp∂XpamWv.

♦ t\ctØ Xømdm°nb enÃns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]co£W

kma{KnIfpw D]IcWßfpw ap≥Iq´n Hcp°¬(]co£W aqe)

♦ em_v D]IcW߃ kq£n®p sh°p∂Xn\mhiyamb ^¿Wn®¿

PTAbpsS klmbtØmsS Hcp°mhp∂XmWv.

♦ a‰v kvIqfpIfnse anI® em_v kμ¿in®v em_v sk‰v sNtø≠ hn[w

a\ nem°mhp∂XmWv. CXn\mbn hnZKv≤cmb A[ym]IcpsS klmbw

tXSWw.

♦ \hoIcn® et_md´dnIfpsS DZvLmS\w/{]Jym]\w \SØmhp∂XmWv.

sse{_dn \hoIcWw

Cu h¿jw hnZymebØn¬ \S∏nem°p∂ sse{_dn

\hoIcW {]h¿Ø\ßfpw hmb\m {]h¿Ø\ßfpw

SRGbn¬ N¿® sNbvXv [mcWbmIWw. BXy¥nIambn Hmtcm

Ip´ntbbpw ]T\ anIhnte°v \bn°p∂ hn[Øn¬ Hcp

t{]mPIvS v coXnbn¬ Xs∂ hmb\m {]h¿Ø\ßfpw

A\p_‘ {]h¿Ø\ßfpw Bkq{XWw sNøWw.

{]h¿Ø\߃

sabv amkØn¬ Xs∂ sse{_dnbpsS ASnÿm\

kuIcy߃ k÷am°¬

]pkvXI߃ C\w Xncn®v ASp°¬

sj¬^v/dm°v A‰Ip‰∏Wn Xo¿°¬

]pkvXI߃ Im‰temKn¬/cPnÃdn¬ Dƒs∏Spج

AXmXp ¢mknte°p th≠ ]pkvXI߃ am‰nsh°¬

sse{_dnbpsS {]h¿Ø

NpaXeIƒ hn`Pn°¬

P\d¬ sset{_dn

b\mbn Hcp A[ym]

I\v NpaXe \¬I¬

30¢mkvXe ItÃmUnb≥amcmbn ¢mkv So®¿°v NpaXe \¬I¬

¢mkvXe sset{_dnb≥amcmbn Ip´nIsf sXcs™Sp°¬

¢m v sse{_dnIƒ k÷am°¬

Hmtcm ¢mknepw ]pkvXI߃ kq£n°m≥ sj¬^v/dm°v D≠v F∂v

Dd∏n°¬

Ip´nIfpsS ]¶mfnØtØmsS ]pkvXI߃ C\wXncn®v ASp°n sh°¬

Ip´nIfpsS ]¶mfnØtØmsS cPnÿ/Im‰temKv Xømdm°¬

]pkvXI hnXcW cPnÿ ˛ HmtcmIp´n°pw Hmtcm t]Pv \¬In

Xømdm°¬

hmb\mapdn Hcp°¬ (kvIqfn\p s]mXphmbn)

kuIcyapff Hcp apdn Is≠ج

BI¿jIambn k÷oIcn°¬

]{Xw/B\pImenIw kvt]m¨k¿ sNøn°¬

hmb\mapdnbpsS NpaXe G¬∏n°¬

hmb\m\p_‘ {]h¿Ø\߃

sse{_dn ]pkvXIßfpsS {]Z¿i\w

]pkvXI `mK߃ ssa°neqsS hmbn®p

tIƒ∏n°¬

BkzmZ\°pdns∏gpØv a’cw

]nd∂mƒ ]pkvXI kΩm\ ]≤Xn XpS߬

ssZzhmc ]pkvXI N¿® XpS߬

hnZymcwKw IemkmlnXythZnbn¬

A[ym]nIbpw Ip´nIfpw hmb\m\p`hw

]¶psh°¬, ]pkvXI ]cnNbw \Sج

Ip´nIƒ hmbn® ]pkvXIßfpsS FÆw

¢m v sset{_dnb≥ tcJs∏Spج. G‰hpw

IqSpX¬ ]pkvXI߃ hmbn®Xmcv? Hmtcm

amkhpw hnebncpج.

hmb\ \nc¥cw

t{]m’mln∏n°s∏SWw.

]pkvXI߃ Hmtcm

Ip´n°pw e`n°p≠v F∂v

Dd∏p hcpØWw.

s ] m X p h m b n

D ] t b m K n t ° ≠

] p k v X I ß f p w

d ^ d ≥ k k v

]pkvXIßfpw kvIqƒ

sse{_dnbn¬ \n∂v

I p ´ n I ƒ ° v

e`yamt°≠XmWv.

31hmb\m°pdn∏pIfpsS {]kn≤oIcWw

Ip´nIfpsS krjvSnIƒ {]kn≤oIcn°¬.

FgpØpImcpambn kwhZn°m\hkcw \¬I¬.

{]tZinI sse{_dnbnse AwKXzw t{]m’mln∏n°¬˛hnhn[

]cn]mSnIƒ kwbp‡ambn kwLSn∏n°¬.

sse{_dn \hoIcW {]h¿Ø\ßfpw hmb\m{]h¿Ø\ßfpw HM

\nc¥cw tamWn‰¿ sNøWw, Hmtcm amkhpw hnebncpØs∏SpIbpw thWw.

¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃

]TnXm°fpsS ka{KhnIk\Øn\v kvIqƒ ¢∫pIƒ°v

\n¿WmbI ]¶v hln°m≥ Ignbpw. kmaqly

ImgvN∏mSneq∂nb hy‡nXz hnIk\w km[yam°p∂Xn\pw

]mTy]≤Xn hn`mh\w sNøp∂ Dt±iy߃ ^e{]m]vXnbn¬

FØn°p∂Xn\pw ¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃ A\nhmcyamWv.

icnbmb ImgvN∏mtSmsS IrXyamb Bkq{XWØneqsS

hnZymeßfn¬ ¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃ \StØ≠Xp≠v.

{]h¿Ø\߃/am¿§\n¿t±i߃

SRG tN¿∂v hnZymebØn¬ cq]oIcnt°≠ ¢∫pIƒ,

NpaXeIƒ, {]h¿Ø\ ]cn]mSnIƒ F∂nh

BtemNn°¬

Hmtcm ¢∫n\pw tIm˛HmUnt\‰dmbn Hmtcm So®sd

NpaXes∏Spج.

Pq¨ amkØn¬ Xs∂

hnhn[ ¢∫pIfpsS

cq]oIcWhpw {]h¿˛

Ø\ßfpsS XpS°hpw

Dd∏p hcpØWw.

33hnZymcwKw IemkmlnXythZn, imkv{X¢∫v, kmaqlyimkv{X¢∫v,

KWnX¢∫v, ]cnÿnXn¢∫v, sl¬Øv ¢∫v, tPWenkw ¢∫v XpSßnb

hnhn[ ¢∫pIƒ (bp ]n/sslkvIqƒ) cq]oIcn°Ww. ChbpsS

GtIm]\w Dd∏mt°≠XmWv.

F¬ ]n hn`mKØn\v _mek`, imkv{X¢∫v, sl¬Øv¢∫v,

ipNnXzBtcmKy ¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃ \SØmw.

Ip´nIsf°qSn ]¶mfnIfm°ns°m≠v ¢∫ns‚ hm¿jnI ]≤Xn

cq]oIcn°Ww.

Hmtcm ¢∫n\pw klmbnIfmbn ]mc‚ v Iu¨kn¬, ]n. Sn. F

FIvknIyq´nhv F∂nhbn¬\n∂v klmbnIsf \n›bn°Ww.

¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃ kaqlØnseØn°p∂Xn\v tPWenkw ¢∫ns‚

B`napJyØn¬ amkØn¬ Hcp ]{Xw {]kn≤oIcn°mhp∂XmWv.

¢∫pIƒ Gs‰SpØp \SØp∂ {]h¿Ø\߃ GsX¶nepw Hcp

]mTy]≤Xn {]h¿Ø\Øn\v A\p]qcIamIWw.

F√m Ip´nIfpw Ah¿°v XmXv]cyapff GsX¶nepw Hcp ¢∫nse¶nepw

AwKambncn°Ww. A¥¿apJcmb Ip´nIfn¬ Bflhnizmkw hf¿Øn

apJ[mcbnte°v sIm≠phcp∂Xn\v Ahsc t_m[]q¿Δw ¢∫v

{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ ]s¶Sp∏n°Ww.

¢∫ns‚ ^e{]Zamb \SØn∏n\v Hcp sNdnb IΩn‰n

cq]oIcn°mhp∂XmWv. CXn¬ hnhn[ ¢mkpIfnse hnZym¿∞nIfpsS

{]mXn\n[yw Dd∏p hcpØWw. Hcp I¨ho\sdbpw tPm. I¨ho\sdbpw

sXcs™Sp°Ww. Chcn¬ Hcmsf¶nepw s]¨Ip´nbmbncn°s´.

¢∫pIƒ°v Hmtcm _pff‰n≥ t_m¿Uv ÿm]n°mhp∂XmWv.

34_mek`

_mek`m{]h¿Ø\߃ Ip´nIƒ Xs∂

\nb{¥n°s´. BgvNbn¬ \n›nX Znhkw \SØp∂

_mek`bn¬ sshhn[yam¿∂ {]h¿Ø\߃°v

CSw \¬IWw. Ip´nIfpsS Iem]cn]mSnIƒ, ImbnI

{]h¿Ø\߃, krjvSn]camb {]h¿Ø\߃,

\n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø\߃, A`n\b {]m[m\yapff

{]h¿Ø\߃, hnhn[ ¢∫pIfpambn _‘s∏´ A\p_‘ {]h¿Ø\߃

XpSßnbh \S°Ww. A[ym]Is‚ Akm∂n[yØn¬ ]cnioe\w e`n®

AΩam¿°pw _mek`Iƒ \SØm\hkcw \¬Imhp∂XmWv.

Zn\mtLmj߃

Hmtcm h¿jhpw BtLmjnt°≠/BNcnt°≠

hntij Znhk߃ ap≥Iq´n \n›bn®v cq]s∏SpØWw.

CØcw {]h¿Ø\߃ an°hbpw ]T\{]h¿Ø\ßfmIm≥

{]tXyIw {i≤n°Ww. A√mØ {]h¿Ø\߃

\SØp∂Xpaqew ]T\kabw \jvSs∏SpØp∂n√

F∂pd∏phcpØWw.

Fs¥ms° {i≤n°Ww?

Zn\mtLmj߃ Fkv.B¿.Pn bn¬ ap≥Iq´n N¿®

sNøWw. hnhn[ NpaXeIƒ A[ym]I¿°v/]n.Sn.F

AwK߃°v/¢∫pIƒ°v/Ip´nIƒ°v hoXn®p \¬IWw.

Hmtcm hntijZn\hpambn _‘s∏´p \SØp∂

{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS hniZmwiw Nm¿÷pff

A[ym]nIbn¬ \n∂pw FgpXn hmßWw. Cu tcJbpsS

ASnÿm\Øn¬ slUvamÿ temKv _p°n¬ Ch

tcJs∏SpØpWw. ^≠v

Bhiyapff {]h¿Ø\߲

fn¬ ^≠ns‚ tiJcWw,

hn\ntbmKw F∂nh SRG/

Ãm^v Iu¨kn¬/]n.Sn.F

F∂nhbn¬ N¿® sNøWw.

36tamWn‰dnwKv t^m¿am‰v D]tbmKn®v slUvamÿ {]h¿Ø\߃ tamWn‰¿

sNø¬.

Zn\mtLmjsØ/Zn\mNcWsØ ASpØ Fkv B¿.Pn tbmKØn¬

hnebncpØpWw. {]h¿Ø\ hnPbw ssIhcn®Xn¬ A[ym]Iscbpw

Ip´nIsfbpw A`n\μn°¬, sa®s∏Spج \n¿t±i߃ \¬I¬.

khntijamb {]h¿Ø\߃ am[yaßfn¬ {]kn≤oIcn°m\p≈

NpaXe G¬∏n°Ww.

tUmIypsat‚j≥ \SØm≥ Bhiyamb tcJIƒ tUmIypsat‚js‚

NpaXebpff A[ym]Is\ G¬∏n°¬.

kvIqfnse samØw {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS tUmIypsas‚j≥ NpaXe

Hc[ym]nIbv°v/A[ym]I\v \¬IWw. {]h¿Ø\߃°ptijw

Nm¿÷pff A[ym]nI slUvamÃsd G¬∏n°p∂ {]h¿Ø\ dnt∏m¿´v

tUmIypsat‚j\p th≠n D]tbmKn°Ww.

tUmIypsat‚j\v D]tbmKn°p∂ t^mt´mIƒ kvIqƒ _pff‰n≥

t_mUn¬ {]Z¿in∏n°¬.

CØcw tUmIypsat‚j≥ CPTA/PTA tbmKßfn¬ AwK߃°v

hmbn°m≥/ImWm≥ e`yam°Ww.

Fkv.B¿.Pn/k_vPIvSv Iu¨kn¬

kvIqfnse A°mZanI {]h¿Ø\߃ N¿®

sNøp∂Xn\pw kq£vaXeØn¬ Bkq{XWw

sNøp∂Xn\papff thZnbmWv Fkv.B¿.Pn. hnjbXeØnse

N¿®Ifpw Bkq{XWhpw k_vPIvSv Iu¨knen¬ (UP/HS)

\S°Ww

sabv Ahkm\ BgvNbn¬ Xs∂ Fkv.B¿.Pn

I¨ho\¿amscbpw k_vPIvS v Iu¨kn¬

I¨ho\¿amscbpw sXcs™SpØv {]h¿Ø\w

Bcw`n°Ww. (Hcp tSw Ign™m¬ ]pXnb S.R.G.

I¨ho\sd sXcs™Sp°p∂Xv A`nImayw)

F√m BgvNbnepw S.R.G./k_vPIvSv Iu¨kn¬

H.M.s‚ t\XrXzØn¬ \S°Ww. (Xn¶fmgvN/

shffnbmgvN A`nImayw)

HcmgvNbn¬ F√m hnjbßfpsSbpw k_vPIvSv

Iu¨kn¬ \S°pwhn[w hnZymebØn¬ (UP/HS)

ssSwtS_nƒ Xømdm°Ww. H∂n¬ IqSpX¬

hnjb߃ ssIImcyw

sNøp∂ A[ym]I¿°v

tbmKØn¬ ]s¶Sp°m≥

IgnbWw.

F¬.]n ¢mkpIfn¬

S.R.G. \S°ptºmƒ

38Ip´nIfpsS c£nXm°fpsS t\XrXzØn¬ _mek` kwLSn∏n°phm≥

{ian°Ww.

bp.]n.¢mkn¬ k_vPIvS v Iu¨kn¬ tNcptºmƒ Ip´nIƒ°v

kzbw\nb{¥nX {]h¿Ø\߃ \¬IWw.

H.Ms‚ A`mhØnepw Fkv.B¿.Pn/k_vPIvSv Iu¨kn¬ \S°p∂p≠v

F∂v Dd∏p hcpØWw.

S.R.G.bn¬ AP≠ \n›bnt°≠Xv I¨ho\¿ slUvamÃdpambn

BtemNn®mbncn°Ww.

Fkv.B¿.Pn/k_vPIvSv Iu¨kn¬ (bp.]n.Xew)

\St°≠ {]h¿Ø\߃:˛

slUvamÃdpsS tamWn‰dnwKv dnt∏m¿´v N¿®.

Ign™ BgvNbn¬ \SØnb {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS AhtemI\w.

\√ A\p`h߃, amXrIIƒ, {]iv\߃ F∂nh ]¶nS¬.

Hmtcm ¢mkntebpw ASpØ AgvNsØ {]h¿Ø\ßsf°pdn®v N¿®.

kvIqfn¬ s]mXphmb Iq´mbva Bhiyapff taJeIƒ N¿®bv°v

hnt[bam°¬.

Zn\mNcW߃

¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃

kn.]n.Sn.F

sse{_dn D]tbmKw

et_md´dn D]tbmKw

tem°¬ dntkmgvkv

_mek`

N¿®bpsS t{ImUoIcWhpw ASpØ BgvNtØ°v ¢mkv/hnjb

XeØn¬ πm\nwKpw \Sج.

Hcp amksØ Ahkm\sØ Fkv.B¿.Pn.bn¬ ASpØ amksØ ¢mkv

Ie≠¿/kvIqƒ Ie≠¿ cq]s∏Spج.

Hmtcm amktØbpw kvIqƒ Ie≠¿ cq]s∏SpØm\pff NpaXe Hmtcm

A[ym]I¿°pw amdn amdn sImSp°p∂Xv DNnXambncn°nt√?

Fkv.B¿.Pnbnse Xocpam\߃ an\pSvkn¬ IrXyambn tcJs∏SpØpIbpw

s]mXphmbn I≠ ¢mkv dqw ]T\{]iv\߃ C.R.C.bnte°v dnt∏m¿ v sNøpIbpw

thWw.

kvIqƒ ]n.Sn.F

kvIqƒ {]h¿Ø\Øn¬ c£nXm°fpsS ]¶mfnØw,

{]k‡n, {]m[m\yw F∂nh Dd∏m°p∂ kwLS\m

kwhn[m\amWv ]n.Sn.F.

kvIqƒ ]n.Sn.F kwLmS\w, {]h¿Ø\w F∂nh

hniZam°p∂ k¿°m¿ DØchv A\p_‘ambn(vi)

sImSpØncn°p∂p.

]n.Sn.F bpsS ]¶mfnØtØmsS kvIqfn¬ \St°≠

{]h¿Ø\߃

h¿jØnse BZy P\d¬ t_mUn Pq¨ 15 \v apºmbn

\S°Ww. h¿jØn¬ aq∂v {]mhiysa¶nepw ]n.Sn.F P\d¬

t_mUn \St°≠XmWv.

kvIqƒ hnIk\ ]≤Xn cq]oIcWw, \SØn∏v,

tamWn‰dnwKv F∂nhbpsS ta¬t\m´w.

D®`£W ]cn]mSn IqSpX¬ anIhp‰Xm°p∂Xn\m

hiyamb hn`h kaml˛

cWw \Sج.

kvIqfns‚ `uXnI

kuIcy߃ sa®s∏Sp

ØpXn\pw ipNnXzhpw

40kuμcyhpw Dd∏p hcpØp∂Xn\pap≈ {]h¿Ø\߃.

kvIqƒ ]cn]mSnIsf tamWn‰¿ sNbvXv Bhiyamb CSs]SepIƒ,

\n¿t±i߃ F∂nh bYmkabßfn¬ \¬I¬.

LSG/SSA a‰v hcpam\ t{kmX pIfn¬ \n∂pw e`yamIp∂ ^≠pIƒ

^e{]Zambn hn\ntbmKn°pIbpw, hchv sNehv IW°pIƒ IΩ‰nIfn¬

IrXyambn AhXcn∏n°pIbpw sNø¬.

c£nXm°sf t_m[h¬°cn°p∂Xn\pff ¢m pIƒ kwLSn∏n°¬.

]T\Øn¬ ]nt∂m°w \n¬°p∂ Ip´nIfpsS ]nt∂m°mhÿbpsS

ImcW߃ ]T\ hnt[bam°pIbpw {]iv\߃ ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\pff

]≤Xn {]mtZinI ]¶mfnØtØmsS Xømdm°pIbpw sNø¬.

Ip´nbpsSbpw ho´nsebpw ipNnXzw BtcmKy {]iv\߃ N¿® sNøepw

sl¬Øv Im¿Uv hnXcWw sNøepw.

]mTy ]≤Xnbpambn _‘s∏´v c£nXm°ƒ°v hy‡X Bhiyapff

taJeIfn¬ t_m[h¿°cW ¢m pIƒ kwLSn∏n°¬.

dntkmg vkv am∏nwK v \SØn e`yamIp∂ {]tZinI hn`h߃

Is≠Øm\pff {iaw \Sج.

¢mkv ]n.Sn.F

]mTy]≤Xn hn\nabw ^e{]Zam°p∂Xn¬ c£nXm°fpsS ]¶mfnØw

A\nhmcyamb Hcp LSIamWv. CXv Dd∏m°p∂Xn\mbn ¢mkv So®dpsS

t\XrXzØn¬ cq]s∏SpØnb Hmtcm ¢mkntebpw c£nXm°fpsS thZnbmWv

¢mkv ]n.Sn.F.

C.P.T.A. Fßs\?

AXmXv ¢mkv So®dpsS NpaXebnepw t\XrXzØnepw amkØn¬ Hcn°¬

C.P.T.A.\S°Ww.

C.P.T.A.tbmKØn¬ A≤y£X hlnt°≠Xv c£nXm°fn¬ \n∂v

Hcmfmbncn°Ww.

C.P.T.A. aps∂mcp°ßƒ Fs¥ms°?

hnhn[ ¢mkpIfnse C.P.T.A.tbmKßfpsS XoøXnIƒ S.R.G.tbmKØn¬

41

bqWn‰v sSÃns‚

ASnÿm\Ønepw

\nc¥c

hnebncpØens‚

ASnÿm\Ønepw

Hmtcm Ip´nbptSbpw

]T\ ]ptcmKXn tcJ

ap≥Iq´n Xømdm°pI.

(bp.]n./F®v.Fkv

¢mkpIfn¬

hnjbßfpsS

hniZmwiw _‘s∏´

A≤ym]Icn¬ \n∂pw

¢mkv So®¿

tiJcn°Ww)

Xocpam\nt°≠XmWv.

C.P.T.A.bn¬ \St°≠ Imcy߃ S.R.G.tbmKØn¬ s]mXphmbn

Bkq{XWw sNøWw.

C.P.T.A.tbmKØn\pff aps∂mcp°ßƒ ¢mkv So®dpsS t\XrXzØn¬

\SØm≥ H.M. \n¿t±iw \¬IWw.

C.P.T.A.bpsS AP≠bpw {]h¿Ø\ßfpw ¢m v So®¿ kq£vaambn

Bkq{XWw sNøWw.

Fs¥ms° {]h¿Ø\߃?

]T\{]h¿Ø\Øns‚ `mKambn

¢mkvapdnbn¬ cq]s∏´ D¬∏∂ßfpsS

{]Z¿i\w Hcp°¬.

]T\{]h¿Ø\Øns‚ `mKambn

¢mkvapdnbn¬ cq]s∏´ D¬]∂߃

ImWm\pw hnebncpØm\pw Xs‚

Ip´nbpsS \ne Xncn®dnbm\pw c£nXmhn\v

Ahkcap≠m°¬

Ip´nIfpsS ]T\]ptcmKXn hnebncpØn

So®dpsS s]mXp AhXcWw.

HmtcmIp´nbptSbpw ]T\]ptcmKXn

tcJsb ASnÿm\am°n Ip´nbpsS

t\´ßƒ, ]T\{]iv\߃ Ahbv°pff

]cnlmc am¿§ßƒ F∂nh N¿® sNø¬.

Bhiysa¶n¬ ]T\{]h¿Ø\߃

\nco£n°m≥ Ahkcsamcp°¬.

c£nXm°fpsS \n¿t±ißfpw

{]XnIcWßfpw N¿®, A≤y£s‚ t{ImUoIcWw.

Ip´nIfpsS ]T\hpambn _‘s∏´v Gs‰SpØv \StØ≠

{]h¿Ø\ßsf°pdn®v So®dpsS hniZoIcWw.

Ip´nIfpsS ]T\Imcyßfnepw Ahcn¬ \√ioe߃ hf¿Øp∂Xnepw

c£nX°ƒ°vFs¥ms° sNømw? A≤y£s‚ t\XyXzØn¬ N¿®bpw

Xocpam\ßsfSp°epw.

42C.P.T.A.bn¬ c£nXm°ƒ°v

\SØmhp∂ sshhn[yam¿∂

{]h¿Ø\߃ AhXcn∏n

°m≥ Ahkcw \¬IWw.

DZmlcWw AΩamcpsS

ssIsøgpØp amknI,

I p S p w _ a m k n I ,

hmb\m]cn]mSn , Iz nkv

a’cw, {]h¿Øn]cnNb

{]h¿Ø\ ߃, _mek`m

\SØn∏v kw_‘n®

NpaXeIƒ XpSßnbh.

So®¿°v \¬Imhp∂ \n¿t±i߃

kvIqƒ kab\njvTbpw Nn´Ifpw

]men°p∂p F∂v Dd∏phcpج.

Ip´nIfpsS _mKv c£nXmhv F√m

Znhkhpw ]cntim[n®v Bhiyamb

D]IcW߃, ]pkvXI߃ D≠v F∂v

Dd∏phcpج.

]pkvXIßfpw ]Tt\m]IcWßfpw

a‰pw tISpIqSmsX hrØnbmbn

kq£n°p∂p≠v F∂v Dd∏phcpج.

¢mkv{]h¿Ø\Øns‚ XpS¿®bmbn

\n¿t±in°s∏´ {]h¿Ø\߃

(tiJcWw, \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø\w,

cN\m {]h¿Ø\w, . . . . .) sNøp∂p

F∂pd∏phcpج.

D®`£WØn\mbn Ip´nIƒ D]tbmKn°p∂ ]m{Xw IgpIn

hrØnbm°p∂p F∂pd∏phcpج.

ipNnXz ioe߃ ]men°p∂p F∂v {i≤n°¬.

ASpØ amksØ {]h¿Ø\߃°v cq]w \¬I¬.

C.P.T.A.bnse Xocpam\߃ an\p´vkn¬ tcJs∏Spج.

hnZymeb Pm{KXm kanXn

Ip´nIƒ hnhn[ XcØnepff NqjW߃°v

hnt[bambns°m≠ncn°p∂ Hcp ImeamWnXv. ss{]adn

¢mkn¬ ]Tn°p∂ Ip´nIƒ t]mepw ssewKnI ]oV\ßtf‰p

hmtß≠n hcp∂p. ]pIbnebptSbpw aZyØnt‚bpw

ab°pacp∂pIfptSbpw D]tbmKØnte°v hgqXn hogp∂

Ip´nIfpw Ipdh√.

XßfpsS {]iv\ßsf°pdn®v a‰pffhtcmSv Xpd∂p

]dbm≥ Ip´nIƒ apXncp∂n√. ]ckv]cw ]¶p shbv°mt\m

A[ym]nIamtcmSv Xpd∂p ]dbmt\m Dff a\ÿnXn

Ip´nIƒ°n√. G‰phmßnb F√m]oV\ßfpw a\ n¬ Xs∂

kq£n°p∂p. Cßs\bpff Ip´nIƒ°v A[ym]nI Hcp

ssIØmßmbpw kzImcyXIƒ hnizmk]q¿Δw ]dbm≥ ]‰nb

Hcmfmbpw amtd≠nbncn°p∂p.

Ip´nIƒs°Xnscbpff ]oV\߃ C√mXm°p∂Xn\pw

AXns\°pdn®pff t_m[h¬°cW ]cn]mSnIƒ°v t\XrXzw

\¬Ip∂Xn\pw th≠n kvIqƒ XeØnepff Hcp

kwhn[m\amWv hnZymeb Pm{KXmkanXn. CXns‚

B`napJyØn¬ Ip´nIƒ°p≠mIp∂ am\knI {]iv\߃

hniIe\w sNbvXv Is≠Øm\pw AXn\pff ]cnlmc߃

44\n¿t±in°m\pw A[ym]Isc {]m]vXcmt°≠Xp≠v. {]iv\ßsf Fßs\

kan]n°Ww F∂Xpw hfsc {][m\amWv. Ip´nIƒ kzbw ]cnlcnt°≠h,

A[ym]nIbpsS \n¿t±i߃ Bhiyambh, c£nXm°fpsS

{i≤bn¬s∏SptØ≠h, kaqlØns‚ klmbw Bhiyambh, t]meokv

A[nImcnIƒ sNtø≠h F∂nßs\ Ip´nbpsS {]iv\w ]cnlcn°m≥ hnhn[

am¿K߃ Is≠ØWw. CXn\mbn c£nXm°ƒ, kaqlw, Ip´nIƒ F∂nhsc

t_m[h¬°cn°m\pff Ignhv A[ym]nIbv°v D≠mhWw. CXn\v slUvamÿ

t\XrXz]camb ]¶v hln°Ww.

{]h¿Ø\߃/am¿§ \n¿t±i߃

Ãm v Iu¨kn¬ tbmKw tN¿∂v hnZymeb Pm{KXm kanXn cq]oIcWw

N¿® sNø¬, hnZymeb Pm{KXmkanXnbpsS BhiyIX, {]h¿Ø\

]cn]mSnIƒ, NpaXeIƒ XpSßnbhsb°pdn®v [mcW cq]s∏Spج

]n.Sn.F tbmKw tN¿Øv hnZymeb Pm{KXm kanXn cq]oIcn°¬.

kanXnbpsS Dt±iy e£y߃, BhiyIX, {]h¿Ø\ ]cn]mSnIƒ

F∂nh N¿®sNø¬. {]h¿Ø\߃ GtIm]n∏n°m\mbn Hcp

A[ym]Is\/A[ym]nIsb I¨ho\dmbn sXcs™Sp°¬.

hnZymeb Pm{KXm kanXnbn¬ ]n.Sn.F/Fw.]n.Sn.F {]Xn\n[nIƒ,

Ip´nIfpsS {]Xn\n[nIƒ, hm¿Uv saº¿, A[ym]I {]Xn\n[nIƒ, F®v

.Fw F∂nh¿ D≠mbncn°pw.

\nehn¬ Iu¨knenwKv sk‚¿/Iuamcy Zo]nI {]h¿Øn°p∂

hnZymebßfn¬ ChbpsS NpaXebpff A[ym]nI/A[ym]I≥ IqSn

kanXnbn¬ AwKambncn°pw.

LP hnZymebßfn¬ Pm{KXmkanXnbn¬ ]n.Sn.F {]Xn\n[n, F®v.Fw,

A[ym]I {]Xn\n[n/I¨ho\¿ F∂nh¿ aXnbmIpw.

kanXn amkØnsemcpXhWsb¶nepw tbmKw tN¿∂v {]h¿Ø\߃

hnebncpج, ]cn]mSnIƒ Akq{XWw sNø¬, A[ym]nIsb

klmbn°¬.

c£nXm°ƒ°v t_m[h¬°cW ¢mkv, Iuamcw˛ amdp∂ ioe߃,

c£nXmhns‚ ISaIƒ, kulrZ]camb IpSpw_m¥co£w, icnbmb

45Bibhn\nabw XpSßnbhbv°v Du∂¬.

B¨Ip´nIƒ°pw s]¨Ip´nIƒ°pw {]tXyIw ¢mkpIƒ. Xs‚

{]iv\߃ a‰pffhtcmS v Xpd∂p ]dtb≠Xns‚ BhiyIX,

A[ym]ItcmSpw kl]mTnItfmSpapff _‘w, {]iv\ßsf Fßs\

AXnPohn°mw? XpSßnbhbv°v {]m[m\yw.

Ip´nIfn¬ Bflhnizmkw hf¿Øm\pff {]h¿Ø\߃, {]iv\߃

Xncn®dnbm\pw hniIe\w sNøm\papff Ignhv hf¿Øm\pff

{]h¿Ø߃ F∂nh \S∏nem°¬.

Ip´nIƒ°v XßfpsS {]iv\߃ _‘s∏´ A[ym]ItcmSv Xpd∂p

]dbp∂Xn\pff Ahkcw \¬I¬.

]cmXns∏´n ÿm]n°¬. Ip´nIƒ°v XßfpsS {]iv\߃ FgpXn

]cmXns∏´nbn¬ \nt£]n°mw.

{]iv\߃ AXXp kabØp Xs∂ _‘s∏´ A[ym]nIbpsS

{i≤bn¬s∏SpØmw, Xpd∂v kwkmcn°mw,

{]iv\߃ bYmkabw ]cntim[n®v hniIe\w sNbvXv GXv XeØn¬

ssIImcyw sNøWw F∂v Xocpam\n°epw ]cnlmc{]h¿Ø\߃

\n¿t±in°epw

{]iv\ßf ssIImcyw sNøptºmƒ kzImcyX \ne\n¿Øm≥ I¨ho\dmb

A[ym]nI {]tXyIw {i≤n°Ww.

tªm°v/ap≥kn∏¬ Xew

{]h¿Ø\߃ GtIm]n∏n°m≥ tªm°v/ap\nkn∏¬ XeØn¬ Hcp

kanXn cq]oIcn°Ww. CXn¬ hnZymeb I¨ho\¿am¿, ]n.Sn.F, Fw.]n.Sn.F,

h\nXm kwLS\, \nba hnZKv[¿, t]meokv, BtcmKy hIp∏v F∂nhcpsS

{]Xn\n[nIƒ F.C.H, tªm°v ]©mbØv {]knU‚ v/ap\kn∏¬ sNb¿am≥

F∂nh¿ Dƒs∏Sp∂p. {]h¿Ø\߃ tIm˛Hm¿Unt\‰v sNøm≥ Hc[ym]I≥/

A[ym]nIsb NpaXes∏SpØWw.

{]h¿Ø\߃

hnZymbØnse Pm{KXmkanXn {]h¿Ø\߃ GtIm]n∏n°¬.

46hnZymeb I¨ho\¿amcpsS {]Xnamk IqSnt®cepIƒ, A\p`h߃

]¶nS¬.

hnZymebØn¬ ]cnlcn°m≥ ]‰mØXv N¿® sNø¬.

c£nXm°fpsS t_m[h¬°cW]cn]mSnIƒ°v t\XrXzw \¬I¬.

Pn√mXew

Pn√mXe kanXnbpsS NpaXe A[ym]I im‡oIcWØn\v t\XrXzw

\¬I¬, tamWn‰dnwKv , tªm°vXe {]h¿Ø\߃ GtIm]n∏n°¬

F∂nhbmWv.

AwK߃ : tªm°vXe I¨ho\¿am¿, Iu¨kne¿am¿, h\nXmkwLS\,

\nbahnZKv[¿, t]meokv, BtcmKyhIp∏v, dh\yq F∂nhbpsS {]Xn\n[nIƒ,

Un.Un.C, Un.C.H amcpsS {]Xn\n[nIƒ.

{]h¿Ø\߃ tIm˛Hm¿Unt\‰v sNøm≥ Hcp A[ym]Is\/A[ym]nIsb

NpaXes∏SpØWw. hnZymeb I¨ho\¿am¿°v hnhn[ L´ßfnembn

Bhiyamb ]cnioe\߃ \¬tI≠Xv Pn√mXe kanXnbpsS NpaXebmWv.

kºq¿Æ BtcmKy ImbnI£aXm]cn]mSn

Ip´n°mesØ {]kcn∏pff PohnX ssien

buh\Ønepw hm¿≤IyØnepapff BtcmKyØn\p t\cn´v

KpWw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬ B[p\nI PohnXssien \ΩpsS

Ip´nIsfbpw apXn¿∂hscbpw Hcpt]mse

{]h¿Ø\amμyapffhcm°n Xo¿Øncn°p∂p. (Imdpw, en v‰pw,

Iºyq´dpw, sSenhnj\pw a‰pw CXn\p hftaInbn´p≠v).

CXns‚ ^eambn AanX taZ pw, \njv{InbXzhpw, lrt{ZmK

km[yXbpw \ap°nSbn¬ h¿≤n®phcnIbmWv.

sNdp{]mbØn¬ Xs∂ {]h¿Ø\\ncXamb Hcp

PohnXssien hnZym¿∞nIfn¬ hf¿ØnsbSp°p∂Xn∂v

Du∂¬ \¬Ins°m≠mWv \ΩpsS hnZymebßfn¬ kºq¿Æ

ImbnI£aXm ]≤Xn°v XpS°w Ipdn®Xv. ImbnI£aX

BtcmKyØn\pff ojWnIƒ Ipd°m\pw D¿÷kzeXtbmsS

ssZ\wZn\ {]h¿Ø\߃ sNøm\pw hyIXnIsf

{]m]vXcm°p∂ t£amhÿbmWv.

]≤XnbpsS e£y߃

1. A\ptbmPyamb ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ {]tXyIn®v

lrZb˛izk\ £aXm ]cn]mSnIfn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂ 9

48\pw 17\pw CSbv°v {]mbapff Ip´nIfpsSbpw Iuamc{]mb°mcpsSbpw

A\p]mXw 90%¬ A[nIam°pI.

2. Znhtk\bpff ImbnI {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂ 9\pw 17\pw

CSbv°v {]mbapff Ip´nIfpsS A\p]mXw 60%˛¬ A[nIambn Db¿ØpI.

3. Ip´nIfpsSbpw Iuamc°mcpsSbpw BtcmKykw_‘amb ImbnI £aX

imkv{Xobambpw hyhÿm]nXambpw hnebncpØp∂Xn\pff ]T\{Iaw

ÿm]n°pI. 9\pw 17\pw CSbv°v {]mbapff 100% Ip´nIfpw CØcw

]cntim[\m ]cn]mSnbn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂p F∂v Dd∏p hcpØpI.

ImbnI£aXbpsS LSI߃ (Components of Physical Fitness)

NpdpNpdp°v (Agility)

IcpØv (Power)

lrZb˛izk\ kw_‘amb ÿncX

(Cardio - respirodory Eduarance)

i‡n (Strength)

t]ioÿncX (Musculer Eduarance)

icoc \n¿ΩnXn (Body Composition)

Abhv (Flexibility)

thKX (Speed)

k¥pe\w (Co-ordination)

ImbnI £aXm ]cn]mSnbpsS (TPFP) sSÃv C\߃

1. icoc]nfi kqNnI (BMI) Dbcw, `mcw.

2. kn‰v A]vkv (60 sk°‚ v)

3. kn‰v B‚ v do®v

4. tamUnss^Uv ]pƒ A]vkv

5. 1.6 In.an. Hm´w/\SØw

Hmtcm C\Ønse {]IS\Øn\pw Ip´nIƒ°v A apX¬ F hsc t{KUpIƒ

\¬Ip∂p.

t{KUpIƒ kqNn∏n°p∂Xv ChbmWv.

F t{KUv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv sSÃn¬ tbmKyX t\Snbn√.

49E t{KUv G‰hpw Ipd™ tbmKyX ˛ Ipd™ ]£w 4 sSÃnepw E

t{KUv.

D t{KUv ˛ Ipd™ ]£w 4 sSÃnepw D t{KUv BMI ip]m¿i sNøp∂

kvtImdn\nSbnepff t]mbn‚pw.

C t{KUv ˛ Ipd™]£w 4 sSÃnepw C t{KUv BMI ip]m¿i sNøp∂

kvtImdn\nSbnepff t]mbn‚pw.

B t{KUv Ipd™]£w 4 sSÃnepff B t{KUpw BMI ip]m¿i sNøp∂

kvtImdn\nSbnepff t]mbn‚pw.

A t{KUv ˛ Nmºy≥ Ahm¿Uv. 4 sSÃnepw A t{KUv, BMI ip]m¿i

sNøp∂ kvtImdn\nSbnepff t]mbn‚pw.

Ign™ h¿jw \SØnb ImbnI £aXm ]cntim[\bpsS ^ew

t{ImUoIcn®v Ãm^v ao‰nwKv/S.R.G. bn¬ AhXcn∏n°Ww.

Pq¨, Pqsse amkßfn¬ ImbnIm[ym]Is‚ t\XrXzØn¬ Xmsg

]dbp∂ {]h¿Ø\߃ Gs‰Sp°mhp∂XmWv (HS/UP).

Ifcn, tbmK, Fbvtdm_nIvkv, AXve‰nIvkv,

thmfnt_mƒ, _mUvan‚¨, ^pSvt_mƒ

ssk¢nwKv, \o¥¬, amkv{Un¬ apXembh.

{]mtZinI hnZKv[s‚ tkh\w {]tbmP\s∏SpØmhp∂XmWv.

PTA/CPTA tbmKßfn¬ Ip´nIfpsS ImbnI£aXm ÿnXn AhXcn∏n®p N¿®

sNtø≠XmWv.

F¬.]n.XeØn¬ amkv{Un¬ eLphmbXpw Ip´nIƒ°v tbmPn®Xpw

ckIchpamb ImbnI {]h¿Ø\߃ Dƒs°m≈p∂Xpw Bbncn°Ww.

slUvamÿamcpsS tamWn‰dnwKv

tamWn‰dnwK v F∂Xv \nc¥cw \St°≠ Hcp

{]{InbbmWv. GsXmcp {]h¿Ø\]≤Xnbpw e£yØn

seØp∂Xv AXns‚ {]h¿Ø\ {]{Inb \nc¥cw

hnebncpØn Bhiyamb XncpØepIfpw sa®s∏SpØepIfpw

bYmkabw \SØn apt∂m´p t]mIptºmgmWv. kvIqƒ

{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS e£y {]m]vXnbpsS hgnbpw as‰m∂√.

slUvamÿ Hcp A°mZanIv eoU¿ F∂ \nebnepw Hcp

`cWm[nImcn F∂ \nebnepw kvIqƒ {]h¿Ø\߃

\nc¥cw tamWn‰¿ sNtø≠Xp≠v. hy‡amb e£ytØmsS

cq]s∏SpØnb kvIqƒ hnIk\ ]≤Xn (SDP) CXns‚

ASnØdbmWv. kvIqƒ hnIk\ ]≤XnbpsS `mKambn

Gs‰SpØp \SØp∂ hnhn[ {]h¿Ø\ßsf°pdn®v icnbmb

[mcW {]m[m\m[ym]I\v D≠mbncn°Ww. ¢mkv apdnIfnepw

hnZymebØn¬ s]mXphmbpw Gs‰SpØp \S∏nem°p∂

{]h¿Ø\ßfpsS kq£vaXe {]{InbIsf°pdn®v icnbmb

Dƒ°mgvN {][m\m[ym]I\v BhiyamWv. F¶n¬ am{Xta

CØcw {]h¿Ø\ßsf imkv{Xobambn tamWn‰¿ sNøm\pw

^e{]m]vXnbnte°v \bn°m\pw Ignbq.

¢mkv {]h¿Ø\ßfpsSbpw hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\

51ßfpsSbpw ""KpW]camb hi߃°v (quality aspects) ap≥Xq°w \¬In tamWn‰¿

sNøp∂XmWv Izmfn‰n tamWn‰dnwKv''. Izmfn‰n tamWn‰dnwKv imkv{Xobambn

\SØm≥ Izmfn‰n tamWn‰dnwKv Sqƒ (QMT) BhiyamWv. CXn\mbn td‰nwKv

kvs°bn¬, sNIv enÃv , \nco£W kqNI߃ XpSßnb SqfpIƒ

hnIkn∏n°mhp∂XmWv. kz¥w XeØnepw NpaXebnepapff hnZymeb

{]h¿Ø\ßsf tamWn‰¿ sNøm\pff SqfpIƒ hnIkn∏n°m≥

{][m\m[ym]I¿ {]m]vXcmtI≠XmWv.

hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS tamWn‰dnwKv

hnZymebsØ anIhns‚ ]ShpIfneqsS apt∂m´p \bn°m≥ icnbmb

Znimt_m[hpw Img vN∏mSpw AXymhiyamWv. CXn\mbn hnZymeb

{]h¿Ø\ßsf ka{Kambn ImtW≠Xp≠vv. hnZymeb ^e{]m]vXnsb

Xocpam\n°p∂ {][m\ LSIßfmb hnZymeb Bkq{XWw, hnZymeb

A¥co£w, kmaqly ]¶mfnØw, amt\Pvsa‚ v, ]T\ anIhv, A[ym]I

im‡oIcWw, F∂nhsb°pdn®v icnbmb [mcWbpw {]mtbmKnI

]cn⁄m\hpw {][m\m[ym]I¿ t\SnsbSpt°≠Xp≠v. hnZymeb

{]h¿Ø\߃ ^e{]Zambn tamWn‰¿ sNøphm≥ Cu LSIßsf

ASnÿm\am°nbpff Sqƒ hnIkn∏n°mhp∂XmWv. Hcp amXrIm Sqƒ

A\p_‘ambn(i) tN¿Øncn°p∂p.

hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ t\XrXz]camb ]¶phln°pIbpw

bYmkabw tamWn‰¿ sNbvXv Bhiyamb XncpØepw sa®s∏SpØepIfpw

\SØpIbpw thWw. CXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ Nne tcJs∏SpØepw ta¬

DtZymKÿ¿ Bhiys∏´m¬ dnt∏m¿´pw \¬Imhp∂XmWv.

¢mkv tamWn‰dnwKv

klm[ym]IcpsS ¢mkv CSbv°nsS tamWn‰¿ sNøWw. ÿncambn ¢mkn¬

Ccp∂psIm≠pff Hcp tamWn‰dnwKv A√ Dt±in°p∂Xv. ¢mkv {]h¿Ø\߃

\nco£n®pw A[ym]IcpsS Bkq{XWtcJ hnebncpØnbpw Ip´nIfpambn

CSs]´pw a‰pw tamWn‰dnwKv \SØmhp∂XmWv. CXv Hu]NmcnI coXnbnepw

52A\u]NmcnI coXnbnepw sNømhp∂XmWv. bYmkabw klm[ym]I¿°v oUv

_m°v \¬Im≥ {]tXyIw {i≤n°Ww. kz¥w ¢mkpw tamWn‰dnwKn\v

hnt[bam°Wsa∂ Imcyw {]tXyIw ]dtb≠Xn√t√m. SRG tbmKØn¬ HM

tamWn‰dnwKv ^oUv _m°v AhXcn∏n°Ww. ¢mkv tamWn‰dnwKn\v

D]tbmKn°mhp∂ Hcp Sqƒ A\p_‘ambn(ii) \¬Inbncn°p∂p.

t{]m{Kmw tamWn‰dnwKv & Chmtezj≥

hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\߃ {]Xnamk Ie≠dneqsS Nn´s∏SpØp∂ coXn

\mw {]mh¿ØnIam°pIbmWt√m. Ie≠dn¬ \n¿t±in°p∂ Hmtcm

{]h¿Ø\ßfpw ]cn]mSnbpw tamWn‰¿ sNøs∏tS≠Xp≠v.

Hmtcm {]h¿Ø\hpw/]cn]mSnbpw F¥mWv D∂wsh°p∂Xv F∂v

ap≥Iq´n \n›bn°Ww. CXv t\SnsbSp°m\mhiyamb {]h¿Ø\ {]{InbIfpw

AXns‚ NpaXebpw Xocpam\n°s∏SWw. Cu coXnbn¬ {]h¿Ø\ßsfbpw/

]cn]mSnIsfbpw ap≥Iq´n hniIe\w sNbvXm¬ t{]m{Kmw tamWn‰¿

sNøm\pff Sqƒ hnIkn∏n°mhp∂XmWv. Hmtcm {][m\ {]h¿Ø\Øns‚bpw/

]cn]mSnbpsSbpw \n¿WmbI {]h¿Ø\ L´ßƒ/{]{InbIƒ ap≥Iq´n

Is≠ØWw. Cu Hmtcm L´Ønepw Bhiyamb CSs]Sepw XncpØepw

sa®s∏SpØepw bYmkabw \SØWw. tamWn‰dnwKneqsS e`n°p∂ ^oUv

_m°v bYmkabw {]h¿Ø\®paXebpff A[ym]I\pambn ]¶psh°Ww.

Bhiyamb sa®s∏SpØepIƒ XpS¿∂p≈ {]h¿Ø\Øn¬ hcpØWw.

Hcp {][m\ {]h¿Ø\w/]cn]mSn Ahkm\n°p∂tXmsS hnebncpج

(Evaluation) \SØWw. tamWn‰dnwKneqsS \nc¥cambn e`yamIp∂ ^oUv

_m°ns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]cn]mSn F{XtØmfw hnPbn®p (e£yhpambn

X´n®v) hnPbn®n√, F¥psIm≠v? F∂nßs\ hnebncpØs∏SWw. Cu

hnebncpج ]cn]mSnbpsS NpaXebpff A[ym]I≥ tcJs∏SpØp∂Xpw

\√XmWv. t{]m{Kmw tamWn‰dnwKn\pw Chmepthj\pw D]tbmKs∏SpØmhp∂

Hcp t^m¿am‰v A\p_‘ambn(iii) \¬Inbncn°p∂p. Hmtcm amktØbpw

{]h¿Ø\ Ie≠dns\ ASnÿm\am°nbpff slUvamÿamcpsS

hnebncpج dnt∏m¿´nwKv Cu t^m¿am‰ns\ ASnÿm\am°n sNøp∂Xv

^e{]Zambncn°pw.

53¢mkv Bkq{XWtcJ (So®nwKvam\z¬)

hnebncpØptºmƒ

ssZ\wZn\w A[ym]nI Gs‰SpØp\StØ≠ ]T\ {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS

kq£vaXeØnepff Bkq{XW tcJbmWv So®nwKv am\z¬. {][m\[ym]I≥/

{][m\[ym]nI F∂ \nebn¬ klm[ym]IcpsS So®nwKv am\z¬ Nne

Ahkcßfn¬ hnebncpØn sa®s∏SpØmhiyamb \n¿t±i߃ \¬IWw.

Cßs\ hnebncpØptºmƒ Fs¥ms° ImcyßfmWv ]cnKWnt°≠Xv F∂v

t\m°mw.

¢Ãdn¬ Xømdm°nb tamUyqƒ coXnbnepff Bkq{XWsØ

Fk.B¿.Pn.tbmKØn¬ kq£vaXeØn¬ hnIkn∏n®v ssZ\wZn\

{]h¿Ø\ßfm°n tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.

Bibhpw D]mibßfpw tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.

Ip´nbpsS \nehmcØn\v tbmPn® kmaqly {]iv\ßfn¬ CSs]Sm\pff

km[yXIƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v.

{]h¿Ø\߃ {]{Inbm_‘nXambn Bkq{XWw sNbvXn´p≠v.

Adnhp \n¿ΩmWL´ßƒ Dd∏m°nbn´p≠v.

Bhiyamb ]Tt\m]IcW߃ D]tbmKn°p∂Xns\ Ipdn®v kqN\

\¬Inbn´p≠v.

\nc¥c hnebncpØen\pff L´ßfpw km[yXIfpw kqNn∏n®n´p≠v.

kwL]T\w, ]ckv]c ]T\w F√m Ip´nIfpsSbpw ]¶mfnØw

XpSßnbhbv°pff km[yXIƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v.

ap≥ {]XnIcW t]Pnse \nco£W߃ ]cnKWn®n´p≠v.

\S∂ {]h¿Ø\Øns‚ {]XnIcWßfpw KpWmflI Ipdn∏pIfpw

tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.

hnhn[ ]T\ X{¥ßƒ°pff km[yX (t{]mPIvSv , skan\m¿

XpSßnbh) ]cnKWn®n´p≠v.

Sot®gvkv th¿j≥ Xømdm°pIbpw D]tbmKn°pIbpw sNøp∂p≠v.

Ip´nbpsS Nn¥sb a\ nem°m\pw Zni\n¿Æbn°m\papff

kμ¿`ßfp≠v.

]ncoUv Bkq{XWw/ssSwtS_nƒ

kvIqƒ {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS ^e{]Zamb amt\Pvsa‚n\v

imkv{Xobamb ]ncoUv Bkq{XWhpw ssSwtS_nƒ

{IaoIcWhpw hfsc {][m\amWv. e`yamb hn`h߃

(hy‡nIƒ, kma{KnIƒ, kuIcy߃, kabw.......) hy‡amb

e£y{]m]vXn°mbn (kvIqƒ anIhv) imkv{Xobambn

hn\ntbmKn°p∂Xn\pff Hcp N´°qSmbn ]ncoUv

Bkq{XWtØbpw ssSwtS_nƒ {IaoIcWØnt\bpw

IW°m°mw. ]ncoUv Bkq{XWw \SØptºmƒ C\n∏dbp∂

Imcy߃ ]cnKWn°p∂Xv \∂mbncn°pw.

(CXv slUv amÿam¿°pff Hcp am¿KtcJ am{XamWv. CXv

\n¿_‘ambpw \S∏nemt°≠ Hcp ssSwtS_nƒ A√.)

F¬.]n.kvIqfn¬ ¢mkv So®¿ k{ºZmbw Dd∏m°Ww.

sslkv°qfn¬ k_vPIvS v So®¿ k{ºZmbw

\nehnep≠v. AXv XpScWw.

F∂m¬ bp.]n .hn`mKØn¬ A[ym]Isc

s]mXpam\ZWvUØn¬ \nban°pIbpw

hnjbmSnÿm\Øn¬ ssSw tS_nƒ {IaoIcn°pIbpw

sNøp∂p. CXns‚ eambn A[ym]I¿ ap∂pw \mepw

hnjbsaSpt°≠ Ahÿ \nehnep≠v. CXv

55]cnlcn°m≥ Hcmƒ°v c≠v hnjbØn¬ IqSpX¬ hcmØhn[w

{IaoIcn°Ww.

bp.]n. ssSw tS_nƒ Xmsg∏dbp∂ ASnÿm\ \bßfn¬ \n∂psIm≠p

thWw Xømdm°m≥.

1. Hc[ym]I\v c≠p hnjbw(Ah[n°meØv ]cnioe\w t\Snb c≠p

hnjb߃)

2. Hcp kvIqfn¬ Hcp hnjbØn\p c≠pt]¿.

3. BgvNbn¬ Hcp Znhksa¶nepw c≠p ]ocnbUv ¢∫v sNøp∂ coXn.

4. ssSw Atem´vsa‚n¬ am‰an√.

5. s{Sbn\nMv, ¢Ã¿, k_vPIvSv Iu¨kn¬ F∂nhbnse ]¶mfnØw

^e{]Zw. Sot®gvkv am\z¬ Xømdm°p∂Xn¬ IqSpX¬ klmbw. c≠v

hnjbØn¬ tI{μoIcn®v hmb\.

6. Hcp Unhnj≥ am{XapffnSØv Hcmƒ°v c≠v hnjbw. ]ckv]c N¿®bv°v

CSan√mØXpsIm≠ Fkv.B¿.Pn. N¿®bneqsS ]cnlcn°mw.

7. aqt∂m AXn¬ IqSpXtem Unhnj\ps≠¶n¬ Hcmƒ°v Hcp hnjbw

aXnbmIpw.

8. Nne km[yXIfpsS amXrIIƒ sImSpØncn°p∂Xp ImWpI.

CXpt]mse ASnÿm\ \bßfn¬ \n∂v hyXnNen°msX kvIqfns‚

a‰p {]tXyIXIƒ ]cnKWn®psIm≠v thsd ssSwtS_nƒ cq]s∏SpØmw.

F¬.]n.hn`mKØn¬ ¢m v So®¿ k{ºZmbamWv \n¿t±in®n´pffXv.

`qcn`mKw CSßfnepw AXv {]mh¿ØnIam°p∂p≠v. CXv F√mbnSØpw

Dd∏m°Ww.

F∂m¬ bp.]n. hn`mKØn¬ \nba\w s]mXphmbpw ssSwtS_nƒ

hnjbmSnÿm\ØnemWv. CXv Xmsg ]dbp∂ {]bmk߃ D≠m°p∂p.

Hcmƒ H∂ne[nIw hnjb߃ FSp°p∂p. F∂m¬ ]cnioe\Øn¬

Hcp hnjbØn\p am{Xw A\p`hw e`n°p∂p.

k_vPIvSv Iu¨kn¬, Fkv.B¿.Pn. F∂nh ^e{]ZamIp∂n√.

ssZ\wZn\mkq{XWØn¬ {]bmkw t\cnSp∂p.

kzbw ]T\w, At\zjWw F∂nhbn¬ tI{μoIcn°m≥ Ignbp∂n√.

56Cßs\ sNdpXpw hepXpamb \nch[n {]iv\߃ Cu taJebn¬

\ne\n¬°p∂p. hniZamb]T\w Bhiys∏Sp∂ XeamWnXv. \nehnepff

hyhÿIƒ ]men®psIm≠v Nne {IaoIcWw hcpØp∂Xn\pff {iaamWv ChnsS

\SØp∂Xv.

PERIOD ALLOTMENT FOR UP CLASSES

Subject V VI VII

Malayalam 6 6 6

English 6 5 5

Hindi 2 3 3

Basic Science 5 5 5

Social Science 4 4 4

Mathematics 5 5 5

Work Experience 3 3 3

Art Education 2 2 2

Phy.Education 2 2 2

Total 35 35 35

]cnKWnt°≠ Imcy߃

Hc[ym]I\v ]camh[n c≠v hnjbw (]cnioe\w, Bkq{XWw (CA,

TM, SRG) F∂nh KpWmflIamhpw.

c≠p ]ncntbUpIƒ ¢∫v sNøm\pff km[yX {]tbmP\s∏SpØp∂p.

(]pkvXI `mcw Ipdbv°mw ˛ Activity based class-\v A\ptbmPyw)

H∂nShn´ Znhkßfn¬ Hmtcm hnjbw

Hcp kvIqfn¬ Hcp hnjbØn\v 2 t]sc¶nepw (Hcp Unhnj≥

am{XapffnSØv km[ya√).

F√mh¿°pw Gsd°psd Xp√y ]ocntbUv.

Htc hnjbsaSp°p∂h¿°v Htc kabw Hgnhv.

aqt∂m AXne[nItam Unhnj\pffnSØv Hcmƒ°v Hcp hnjbw am{Xw.

57hnhn[ km[yXIƒ, {]mtZinI ]cnKW\Iƒ sh®v Is≠ØWw.

(Xmsg sImSp°p∂Xv Nne kmºnfpIƒ, km[yXIƒ)

TIME TABLE FORMAT-UP SECTION

Division - 1 each; 3-Classes; Total Period - 105

No. of Teachers PD-3; Hindi-1; Arabic-1;

Name of

Teacher Subject-1 Period Subject-2 Period Subject-3 Period Total

A Mal 18 SS 06 HPE 06 30

B Eng 16 SS 06 AE 04 26

C Math 15 BS 15 30

D Hindi 08 WE 09 WE 02 19

Total 105

Division - 2 Each; 6-Classes; Total Period - 210

No. of Teachers PD-6; Hindi-1; Arabic-1

Name ofTeacher

Subject-1 Period Subject-2 Period Subject-3 Period Total

A Mal 12 Mal 12 24

B Arabic 12 WE 18 30

C Eng 22 HPE 04 26

D Eng 10 GS 10 HPE 04 24

E Math 10 GS 10 HPE 04 24

F Math 20 SS 08 28

G SS 16 GS 10 26

H Hindi 16 AE 12 28

58Total 210

Division -3 Each; 9-Classes; Total Period - 315

No. of Teachers PD-9; Hindi-1; Arabic-1

Name ofTeachers Subject-1 Period Subject-2 Period Subject-3 Period Total

A Mal 16 Mal II 12 28

B Mal 08 SS 12 WE 09 29

C SS 24 Mal II 06 30

D Eng 25 AE 04 29

E Eng 23 HPE 04 AE 02 29

F Math 20 WE 09 29

G Math 20 WE 09 29

H BS 20 WE 09 29

I BS 25 AE 04 29

J Hindi 24 AE 04 28

K Arabic 12 HPE 14 26

Total 315

59

Division -4 Each; 12-Classes; Total Period - 420

No. of Teachers PD-13; Hindi-2; Arabic-1; Urdu-1; SKT-1; PET-1

Name ofTeachers Subject-1 Period Subject-2 Period Subject-3 Period Total

A Mal 24 Mal II 04 28

B SKT 12 Mal II 10 22

C Urdu 12 AE 08 20

D Arabic 12 WE 12 24

E Eng 24 24

F Eng 20 WE 03 23

G Eng 20 WE 03 23

H Hindi 17 AE 04 21

I Hindi 15 AE 04 19

J BS 20 WE 03 23

K BS 20 WE 03 23

L BS 20 WE 03 23

M Maths 20 WE 03 23

N Maths 20 WE 03 23

O Maths 20 WE 03 23

p HPE 24 24

S(HM) Mal II 10 10

R SS 24 AE 04 28

S SS 24 AE 04 28

Total 432

60TIME TABLE FOR U.P.SCHOOLS V-VII (TWO DIVISIONS EACH)

VADays 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Mon ML ML SC SC Eng Eng WE MD MD NTP NTP NTN NTN MD

TUE H AE MT MT SS SS WE NTS MD NTP NTP NTN NTN MD

WED SC SC ML ML Eng Eng AE NTP NTP NPS NPS NTN NTN MD

THU ML ML MT MT SS SS HPE MD MD NTP NTP NTN NTN MD

FRI H HPE Eng Eng SC MT WE NTS MD NTN NTN NTP NTP MD

VB

Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Mon H H Eng Eng SC SC AE NTS NTS VE VE KA KA NPS

TUE SS SS ML ML MT MT HPE VE VE MD MD KA KA NPS

WED ML ML Eng Eng SS SS WE MD MD VE VE KA KA NPS

THU ML ML MT MT SS SS WE NPS NPS KA KA VE VE NPS

FRI WE AE SC MT Eng Eng HPE NPS NPS KA KA VE VE NPS

VIA

Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Mon SC SC Eng Eng H H WE NTP NTP NTN NTN NTS NTS NPS

TUE SS SS ML ML MT MT WE NTN NTN MD MD NTP NTP NPS

WED ML ML Eng Eng SC SC WE MD MD NTN NTN NTP NTP NPS

THU SS SS MT ML MT MT HPE NTN NTN NPS NPS NTP NTP NPS

FRI SC MT AE AE Eng Eng HPE NTP NTP NPS NPS NTN NTS NPS

VIB

Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Mon SC SC ML ML Eng H AE KA KA NPS NPS VE NTS CK

TUE ML ML MT MT SS SS AE MD MD KA KA VE VE CK

WED SC SC ML ML Eng Eng WE KA KA MD MD VE VE CK

THU SS SS H H MT MT HPE VE VE NTS NTS KA KA CK

FRI SC MT Eng Eng HPE HE HE KA KA VE VE CK CK KM

61VIIA

Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Mon Eng Eng ML ML SC SC WE NTN NTN NPS MD MD NTP KM

TUE MT MT SS SS H H WE NTP NTP NTN NTN NTS NTS KM

WED Eng Eng SC SC ML ML HPE NTN NTN NTP NTP NPS NPS KM

FRI Eng H SC MT AE AE WE NTN NTS NTP NTP KM KM CK

VIIB

Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Mon ML ML SC SC Eng Eng WE MD MD NTP NTP NTN NTN MD

Mon Eng Eng SC SC ML ML WE VE VE KA KA NPS NPS NTS

TUE MT MT SS SS ML ML WE KA KA VE VE MD MD NTS

WED Eng H SC SC H H HPE VE NTS KA KA NTS NTS VE

THU MT MT SS SS HPE AE AE KA KA VE VE KM NTS KM

FRI Eng Eng ML ML SC MT WE VE VE MD MD KA KA NTS

PERIOD ALLOTMENT

Subject 5th 6th 7th

Malayalam 6 6 6

English 6 5 5

Hindi 2 3 3

Science 5 5 5

Social Science 4 4 4

Mathematics 5 5 5

WE 3 Periods and AE and HPE 2 each

62

Period allotted to teachers in a school (Sample)

Teachers Subject Periods

1. MD Malayalam 24

WE,HPE,AE 7 31

2. NPS(HM) Malayalam 12

WE,HPE,AE 14 26

3. NTP Science 15

Maths 15 30

4. KA Science 15

Maths 15 30

5. NTN Social Science 12

English 18 30

6. VE Social Science 12

English 18 30

7. CK Sanskrit 12

We,HPE,Ae 7 19

8. KM Urdu 12

WE,HPE,AE 7 19

9. TS Arabic 12

WE,HPE,AE 7 19

10. NTS Hindi 16 16

A\p_‘w

64

i. kvIqƒ tamWn‰dnwKv Sqƒ

P\Iob ]¶mfnØtØmsS ASpØh¿jsØ hm¿jnI

]≤Xnbpw Ie≠dpw bYmkabØpXs∂ cq]oIcn®n´p≠v.

hm¿jnI ]≤Xnsb ASnÿm\am°n {]Xnamk Ie≠¿

Xømdm°nbn´p≠v. e£yan´ {]h¿Ø\߃ ^e{]Zambn

\S°pwhn[Øn¬ hnhn[ {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS/]cn]mSnIfpsS

NpaXem hn`P\w \SØnbn´p≠v.

BgvNtXmdpw FkvB¿Pn/k_PIvSv Iu¨kn¬ tbmKw tN¿∂v

A\p`h߃ ]¶psh®v, hnebncpØepw Bkq{XWhpw

\SØp∂p≠v.

kμ¿iI Ubdnbnse \n¿t±ißfpw tamWn‰dnßneqsS kzbw

t_m[ys∏´ Imcyßfpw {]Xnhmc FkvB¿Pnbn¬ slUvamÿ

AhXcn∏n°pIbpw N¿®bneqsS ]cnlmc{]h¿Ø\߃

Is≠ØpIbpw sNøp∂p≠v.

^oUv _m°ns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ klm[ym]I¿ Bhiyamb

sa®s∏SpØepIƒ hcpØp∂p F∂v Dd∏p hcpØp∂p≠v.

Ip´nIfpsS ]T\]ptcmKXn \nc¥cw hnebncpØn

]T\{]h¿Ø\߃ Bkq{XWw sNøm≥ Ignbpwhn[w So®nwKv

am\z¬ F√m A[ym]Icpw slUvamÃdpw Xømdm°p∂p≠v.

klm[ym]IcpsS So®nwKv am\z¬ c≠mgvNbnsemcn°se¶nepw

hniZambn hnebncpØmdp≠v.

So®nwK v am\z¬ hnebncpØn KpW\nehmcw

Dd∏phcpØm\mhiyamb \n¿t±i߃ \¬Imdp≠v.

_nB¿kn, knB¿kn Xe ]cnioe\ßfn¬ F√m A[ym]Icpw

IrXyambn ]s¶Sp°p∂p≠v.

F√m A[ym]Icpw hnhn[ {Km‚pIƒ D]tbmKn®pw A√msXbpw

Bhiyamb ]Tt\m]IcW߃ Xømdm°n/tiJcn®v

D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v.

Bkq{XWw

kqNI߃

C√

]q¿

Æw

`mK

nIw

65Bhiyamb kμ¿`ßfn¬ ¢m n\p]pdØpw ]T\

{]h¿Ø\߃ (^o¬Uv{Sn∏ v , t{]mPIvS v , {]mtbmKnI

{]iv\߃....) \S°p∂p≠v.

Ip´nIfpsS hnhn[ teJ\]pkvXI߃ Nn´bmbpw {Iaambpw

Xømdm°pIbpw D]tbmKn°pIbpw sNøp∂p≠v.

e`yamb {]mtZinI kuIcy߃ aq≥Iq´n Xncn®dn™v Ah

]T\{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ {]tbmP\s∏SpØp∂p≠v.

hnhn[ {Km‚pIƒ D]tbmKn®pw c£nXm°fpsS

klmbtØmsSbpw ¢mkv sse{_dnbnte°v ]pkvXI߃

tiJcn°p∂p≠v.

A[ym]IcpsS Ah[n km[yXIƒ aq≥Iq´n°≠v ¢mkv

{]h¿Ø\߃ {IaoIcn°p∂p≠v.

A¥co£w

¢mkv apdnIƒ ipNnbmbpw BI¿jIambpw {IaoIcn°p∂p≠v.

]mTy]≤Xn Dt±iy߃°\pkrXambn ]T\{]h¿Ø\߃,

¢m v {IaoIcWw F∂nh \S°p∂p≠v.

krjvSnIfptSbpw ]Tt\m]IcWßfpsSbpw hn\ymkw F∂nh

¢mkn¬ ZriyamWv.

hnhn[ {Km‚pIƒ D]tbmKn®pw A√msXbpw hnZymeb

kuμcyh¬°cW {]h¿Ø\߃ ^e{]Zambn \S°p∂p≠v.

Ifnÿew, XW¬ ac߃, ]qt¥m´w Irjn/Huj[tØm´w,

ItºmÃpIpgn , ssPhthen, Nh‰psIm´, Ip´nIfpsS

ªm°vt_m¿Uv, Np‰paXn¬ XpSßnbh A[ym]IcpsSbpw

Ip´nIfpsSbpw kaqlØns‚bpw Iq´mbvatbmsS Xr]vXnIcambn

\ne\n¬°p∂p≠v.

Ip´nIfpsS FÆØn\v B\p]mXnIambn aq{X∏pcbpw I°qkpw

D≠v.

¢mkv apdnIƒ, aq{X∏pc, I°qkv, kvIqƒ]cnkcw F∂nh

ipNnbm°p∂ {]h¿Ø\w Ip´nIfptSbpw A[ym]IcptSbpw

t\XrXzØn¬ Znhtk\ \S°p∂p≠v.

D®`£Ww ]mIw sNbvXp hnXcWw sNøp∂Xn\v

BtcmKyIcamb kwhn[m\ap≠v.

Ip´nIfpsS FÆØn\v B\p]mXnIambn ip≤PehnXcW

kuIcyap≠v.

66Ip´nIfpsS {]h¿Ø\߃°mhiyamb Im¿jntIm]IcW

߃, imkv{XD]IcW߃, {]Yaip{iqjm kma{KnIƒ F∂nh

D≠v. Ch ^e{]Zambn hn\ntbmKn°p∂pap≠v.

Ip´nIfpsS FÆØn\v B\p]mXnIambn BtcmKyIcamb

Ccn∏nS kuIcyap≠v.

Ip´nIƒ kab\njvT, klIcWt_m[w, kzbw\nb{¥Ww

F∂nh {]ISn∏n°p∂p≠v.

A[ym]Icpw Ip´nIfpw XΩn¬ \n¿`bhpw kulrZ]chpamb

A¥co£hpw CSs]Sepw \ne\n¬°p∂p≠v.

A[ym]IcpsS Akm∂n≤yØnepw Ip´nIƒ

kzbw\nb{¥nXambn ]T\{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v {InbmflI ]¶mfnØhpw, DØchmZnXzhpw

ap≥ssIbpw e`n°p∂hn[Øn¬ Akwªn, amkv{Un¬

XpSßnbh \S°p∂p≠v.

kvIqfn¬ e`yamb D]IcW߃ A[ym]I¿°v ]T\

{]h¿Ø\ßsfmcp°m≥ ]mIØn¬ {IaoIcn®n´p≠v.

sse{_dn \hoIcW {]h¿Ø\w \SØnbn´p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v btYjvSw D]tbmKn°m≥ ]mIØn¬ F√m ¢mknepw

hmb\aqe k÷oIcn®n´p≠v.

A[ym]I¿ Hgnhpkabßfn¬ t]mepw A°mZanI

N¿®Ifnte¿s∏Sp∂p≠v.

em_v \hoIcW {]h¿Ø\߃ bYmkabw \SØnbn´p≠v.

em_v kuIcyw F√m ¢mkntebpw Ip´nIƒ°v D]tbmKn°m≥

]mIØn¬ {IaoIcWw \SØnbn´p≠v.

kmaqly]¶mfnØw

kvIqƒ {]h¿Ø\w i‡am°p∂Xn\mbn ]n.Sn.F, Fw.]n.Sn.F,

{]h¿Ø\߃ ^e{]Zambn \S°p∂p≠v.

kv°qƒ {]h¿Ø\߃°v klmbIamb hn[Øn¬

FkvFkvPn cq]oIcn®p {]h¿Øn°p∂p≠v.

tafIƒ, Zn\mtLmj߃ XpSßnbh ¢mkvdpw

{]h¿Ø\߃°v A\p]qcIambn F√m Ip´nIfptSbpw

]¶mfnØtØmsS \S°p∂p≠v.

¢m v ]n.Sn.F. A[ym]IcpsS t\XrXzØn¬ F√m amkhpw

\S°p∂p≠v.

67{]Xnamk ¢mkv ]n.Sn.F tbmKØn¬ c£nXm°ƒ ¢mkv

{]h¿Ø\ßfpw Ip´nIfpsS ]T\]ptcmKXnbpw hnebncpØn

\n¿t±i߃ shbv°p∂p≠v.

amt\Pvsa‚ v

slUvamÿ kvIqƒ Imcy߃ kl{]h¿ØIcpambn

IqSnbmtemNn®p Xocpam\n°p∂p≠v.

F.C.H, _n.B¿.kn, Ub‰v XpSßnbhcn¬ \n∂pff

X’abklmbw th≠hn[w {]tbmP\s∏SpØp∂p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v e`nt°≠ B\pIqey߃ bYmkabw

e`yam°p∂p≠v.

A[ym]IcpsS tkh\thX\Imcy߃ Xr]vXnIcambn

\n¿Δln°s∏Sp∂p≠v.

kvIqƒHm^okv, dn°m¿Uv XpSßnbh Nn´bmbn

]cn]men°p∂p≠v.

slUvamÿamcpsSbpw klm[ym]IcpsSbpw km∂n[yw

kvIqfn¬ Dd∏phcpØp∂hn[Øn¬ {]h¿Ø\߃

{IaoIcn°p∂p≠v.

kvIqfns‚ kuIcy߃ h¿[n∏n°p∂Xn\pff klmb߃

amt\Ppsa‚n¬/k¿°mcn¬ \n∂v e`yam°m\pff CSs]S¬

bYmkabw \S°p∂p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v ]camh[n ]T\klmbw In´pwhn[w kvIqƒ

kwhn[m\ßfpsS (A[ym]IcpsS, Ip´nIfpsS,

a‰ptZymKÿcpsS ....) kab]me\w IrXyambn \S°p∂p≠v.

]mT]pkvXI߃, A[ym]IklmbnIƒ XpSßnb kma{KnIƒ

bYmkabw e`yam°p∂p≠v.

kvIqfn¬\n∂v a‰v kwhn[m\ßfnte°p \¬tI≠ hnhc߃

IrXyambn \¬Ip∂p≠v.

slUvamÿ X\n°v NpaXes∏´ ¢mkv IrXyamb

Bkq{XWtØmsS ssIImcyw sNøp∂p≠v.

slUvamÿ kl{]h¿ØIcpsS ¢mkpIƒ CSbv°nsS

tamWn‰¿ sNøpIbpw t{]m’mln∏n°pIbpw Bhiyamb

\n¿t±i߃ \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂p≠v.

slkvamÿ hnhn[ kanXnIfpsS tbmK߃ bYmImew hnfn®p

tN¿°pIbpw ]s¶Spt°≠ tbmKßfn¬ IrXyambn

68]s¶Sp°pIbpw sNøp∂p≠v.

kvIqƒ/¢mkv {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS amt\Ppsa‚n¬ Ip´nIfpsS

A`n{]mbw ]cnKWn°p∂p≠v.

\nc¥c hnebncpج bp\n‰v sSÃv/tSw aqey\n¿Wbw

F∂nhbpsS ^ew hnebncpØn Bhiyamb XpS¿]cnlmc

{]h¿Ø\߃ F√m ¢mknepw \S°p∂p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v k{Inb ]T\ kabw (Effective learning time)

]camh[n In´p∂p F∂pd∏p hcpØp∂p≠v.

Ip´nIsf ]T\anIhnte°v \bn°m≥ kvIqƒ XeØn¬ X\Xv

{]h¿Ø\߃ \S∏nem°p∂p≠v.

hnhn[ ¢∫v {]h¿Ø\߃ Ip´nIfptSbpw A[ym]IcpsSbpw

t\XrXzØn¬ \S°p∂p≠v.

¢∫v Zn\mNcW{]h¿Ø\߃ Ip´nIfpsS ]T\ anIhnte°v

\bn°p∂Xn\pXIp∂ hn[Øn¬ \S°p∂p≠v.

imkv{X h¿jhpambn _‘s∏´ {]tXyI {]h¿Ø\߃

\S°p∂p≠v.

69

ii. ¢mkv tamWn‰dnwKv Sqƒ

So®nwKv am\z¬ Xømdm°nbmWv ¢mkv ssIImcyw sNøp∂Xv

Ip´nIƒ°v \¬Ip∂ \n¿t±i߃, ]T\®paXeIƒ F∂nh

hy‡hpw Ip´nIfpsS \nehmcØn\v tbmPn®XpamWv.

Ip´nIƒ ]ckv]chpw A[ym]nItbmSpw \n¿`bambn

Bibhn\nabw sNøp∂p≠v.

¢mkvapdnbptSbpw ]T\kma{KnIfptSbpw {IaoIcWw

{]h¿Ø\߃°v A\ptbmPyamWv.

]T\kma{KnIƒ, hmb\mkma{KnIƒ, ]Tt\m]IcW߃

F∂nh Bhiym\pkcWw e`yam°p∂p≠v.

]T\ {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂ HmtcmIp´n°pw kwLambpw

H‰bv°pw bp‡n]cambn Nn¥n®v Bibcq]oIcWw \SØm≥

Ahkcw e`n°p∂p≠v.

kv°qƒ ]cnkcØns‚ ]T\ km[yXIƒ Is≠Øn

D]tbmKs∏SpØp∂p≠v.

F√mIp´nIfptSbpw ]¶mfnØw Dd∏phcpØpw hn[w

A\ptbmPyamb ]T\X{¥ßƒ {]tbmKn°p∂p≠v.

Hu]NmcnIhpw A\u]NmcnIhpamb hnebncpج X{¥ßƒ

D]tbmKn®v hnebncpج \SØp∂p≠v.

]T\Øn¬ {]bmkw t\cnSp∂ Ip´nIƒ°v Bhiyamb klmbw

\¬Ip∂p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v ]ckv]cambpw kzbambpw hnebncpØp∂Xn\p≈

kmlNcyw Hcp°nbn´p≠v.

Ip´nIƒ°v AhcpsS ]T\]ptcmKXn kw_‘n® hnhc߃

(^oUv_m°v) bYmkabw \¬Ip∂p≠v.

kqNI߃

]q¿

Æw

`mK

nIw

C√

70

iii. FORMAT FOR PROGRAMME MONITORING & EVALUATION

Sl.No

Programme EvaluationMonitoring

Process Qualitative Feedback

A

B

C

D

EA

B

C

D

EA

B

C

D

EA

B

C

D

EA

B

C

D

E

71

iv. LIST OF IMPORTANT REGISTERS AND RECORDSTO BE MAINTAINED IN SCHOOLS

1. Main Cash book

2. Treasury Bill Books

3. Acquittance Roll

4. Acquittance of L.S. Grant

5. Acquittance of different scholarships

6. Admission Register

7. Register of Private Study Pupils with Applications

8. Counterfoils of T.C. issued and application for T.C.

9. T.C. received and Application for Admission

10. Stock Register of :-

1) Furniture

2) Appliances

3) Office stores

4) Library Books

5) Laboratory Equipments

6) Games Articles

` 7) Audiovisual Aids

8) Materials and Finished products of Crafts

11. Attendence Register of Teachers

12. Casual Leave register with Applications

13. Register of Leave other than C.L.with Applications.

14. Inward and Outward Registers

15. Increment Register

16. Establishment Register

17. Log Book

18. Notice Book

7219. Factual Diary

20. Inspection Diary

21. Supervision Diary

22. Visitorís Diary

23. Movement Register

24. Other duty Register with Attendance certificate

25. Substitution Work Book

26. Register showing the residential address of Teachers.

27. Stagnation Register

28. Consolidated Fee Register

29. Consolidated Mark Register

30. Individual Cash Books on Special fees

31. Day book of Special fee collection

32. General Cash Book of Special fees

33. Voucher file with invoice and Quotations

34. Removal Register

35. Arrear Demand Register

36. Issue Register of Library books;

37. Fee Receipt books and Hand books of fee collection

38. Register of Advances, Recoveries and Court attachment

39. Register of Refund.

40. Register of Audit/Inspection Objections and clearance

41. Register showing accounts on flags and stamps

42. Bill Register

43. Register of O.B.C., O.E.C., S.C and S.T.

44. Register of Chalan and Chalan file

45. Register of linguistic Minority

46. Pupils attendance Register

47. Register of immovable properties and Details of accomodation

48. Register of Service books with service books

7349. Register for the issue of Extracts of Admission Register with Applications

50. Register to check submission of lesson plan and composition work.

51. Timetable and year plan.

52. punishment Register

53. Minutes, of Staff Council and Subject Councils, SRG.

54 Minutes, Cash Book and Receipt Book of P.T.A.

55. Stock Register and other records on Noon-feeding

56. Pass Books for Deposits.

57. Minutes Books of special fees advisory committee and approved Budget.

58. Register showing the auction sale of unserviceable articles and valued

answer scripts.

59. Breakage register

60. Register showing the inservice courses of Teachers

61. Register of undisbursed Salary

62 Liability Register

63. Night Duty Register

64. F.B.S. and Group Insurance Register

65. Register showing Medical Reimbursement

66. Cash Book and acquittance of N.C.C.

67. Register showing pending pensionary claims

68. Register of stamp account

69. Contigent Register with connected vouchers

70. Kuthakapattom Register

71. Register showing Lending of School buildings

72. Register of closure of F.B.S.with connected files

73. Register of Sanctioning of G.P.F. : Loans.

74. S.S.L.C. Duplicate Register.(HS Only)

75. Registers relating to the conduct of S.S.L.C. and other Public examination.(HS

Only)

74

\w. F≥ Fw(1)/30660/09 Xncph\¥]pcw, XobXn : 16.05.09

k¿°pe¿

hnjbw : s]m.hn. D®`£W ]cn]mSn \S∏nem°p∂Xp kw_‘n®pff \n¿t±i߃.

* * * * *

ss{]adn A∏¿ss{]adn hnZym¿∞nIƒ°mbpff tZiob t]mjImlmc hnXcW ]cn]mSn

2009-- 10 A≤yb\ h¿jw kv°qfpIfn¬ \S∏m°p∂Xn\v Xmsg ]dbp∂ \n¿t±i߃ \¬Ip∂p.

1) 2009˛10 A≤yb\ h¿jsØ D®`£W hnXcWw F√m k¿°m¿/FbnUUv

kv°qfpIfnsebpw 8˛mw ¢m v hscbpff Ip´nIƒ°pw k¿°m¿/FbnUUv

kv°qfnt\mS\p_‘n®v \SØp∂ {]o˛ss{]adn kv°qfpIfnepw (]n.Sn.F \SØp∂hbpw)

2009 Pq¨ amkw 10˛mw XobXn apX¬ Bcw`nt°≠XmWv. IqSmsX Fkv.Fkv.FbpsS

\n¿t±im\pkcWw Un.]n.sF. AwKoImcw \¬Inb aƒ´nt{KUv teWnwKv sk‚dpIfnsebpw,

Bƒ´¿t\‰ohv sk‚dpIfnsebpw k¿°m¿ AwKoImcw \¬Inb _p≤namμyw kw`hn®

Ip´nIƒ°mbpff kv°qfpIfnsebpw Ip´nIsf D®`£W ]cn]mSnbn¬

Dƒs∏SpØmhp∂XmWv. 2008˛09 A≤yb\ h¿jsØt∏mse D®`£WØn\v A¿lcmb

7˛mw ¢m phscbpff F√m Ip´nIƒ°pw BgvNbn¬ Hcp tImgnap´ \¬Imhp∂Xpw ap´

Ign°mØh¿°v Hcp t\{¥∏gw \¬tI≠XpamWv.

2) F√m kv°qfpIfnepw Pq¨ 9˛mw XobXn°Iw kv°qƒXe \q¨ ^oUnwKv IΩn‰nIƒ

tN¿∂v ]cn]mSnbpsS hnPbØn\mkv]Zamb Xocpam\߃ ssIs°mtff≠XmWv.

IΩn‰nbn¬ ].Sn.F {]knU‚ v, hm¿Uvsaº¿am¿, A[ym]I˛c£mI¿Ør {]Xn\n[nIƒ,

aZ¿ ]n.Sn.F {]Xn\n[nIƒ F∂nh¿ \n¿_‘ambpw D≠mbncn°Ww.

3) 2009 Pq¨ 9˛mw XobXn°Iw D®`£W ]cn]mSnbn¬ ]s¶Sp°phm≥ B{Kln°p∂

Ip´nIfpsS c£mI¿Øm°fn¬ \n∂pw At]£ {][m\m≤ym]I¿ kzoIcnt°≠XmWv.

4) Bdmw A[yb\ ZnhksØ tdmƒ kvs{SMvXv ASnÿm\am°n At]£Iƒ {]Imcw

Ip´nIfpsS FÆw Xn´s∏SpØn enÃpw a‰v Bhiyamb hnhcßfpw Pq¨ amkw 15˛mw

XobXn°Iw {][m\m[ym]I¿ D]Pn√m Hm^ok¿am¿°v ka¿∏n°Ww.

5) ÿncambn D®`£W ]cn]mSnbn¬ ]s¶Sp°mØ Ip´nIƒ°v D’hImetØ°v Acn

sImSp°phm≥ ]mSn√. kvs]jy¬ Acn hnXcWw sNøptºmƒ Ip´nbpsSbpw,

c£I¿Ømhns‚bpw, ¢m v A≤ym]Is‚bpw, Ht∏mSpIqSnb dnt°m¿Uv kq£n°Ww.

tI{μ k¿°mcns‚ 27.05.02˛se \n¿t±i{]Imcw D®`£Ww XpS¿®bmbn e`n°p∂Xn\v

Ip´nIƒ Hmtcm amkhpw 80%˛¬ IpdbmØ Znhkßfn¬ kv°qfn¬ lmPcmtI≠XmWv.

enÃv Xømdm°p∂Xn\p apºmbn kv°qƒ \q¨ oUnwKv IΩn‰n tN¿∂v enÃn\v AwKoImcw

hmßWw. IΩn‰n tNcphm≥ Fs¥¶nepw kmt¶XnI XS ßƒ t\cn´m¬ enÃv D]Pn√m

v. D®`£W ]cn]mSn ˛ k¿°pe¿

75hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿°v ka¿∏n®v AwKoImcw hmßnbncn°Ww.

6) ap≥h¿jßfn¬ D®`£W ]cn]mSnbn¬ ]s¶SpØ Ip´nIsf am{Xw enÃn¬ Dƒs∏SpØm≥

¢m v So®¿amcpw {][m\m≤ym]Icpw kv°qƒ \q¨ ^oUnwKv IΩn‰nbpw {]tXyIw

{i≤nt°≠XmWv. F∂m¬ A¿lXbpff Ip´nIƒ ap≥h¿jsØ enÃn¬ Dƒs∏SmsX

t]mbn´ps≠¶n¬ AhcpsS t]cpIqSn 2009 h¿jsØ enÃn¬ Dƒs∏SpØmw. Cu coXnbn¬

Dƒs∏SpØp∂ Ip´nIfpsS enÃpIƒ°v \q¨ oUnwKv IΩn‰nbpsS {]tXyI AwKoImcw

tcJmaqew AXmXv {][m\m≤ym]I¿ hmßn kq£n°Ww. bYm¿∞Øn¬ D®`£W

]cn]mSnbpsS AwKoIcn® enÃn¬ Dƒs∏´n´pff hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v am{Xta D]Pn√m

hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿ C≥U‚ v ]m m°n \¬Im≥ ]mSpffq. F∂m¬ Pq¨ amksØ

C≥U‚ v Ign™ h¿jw AwKoIcn® coXnbn¬ ]m m°mhp∂XmWv.

7) H∂mw ¢mkp apX¬ A©mw ¢mkphscbpw Bdp apX¬ F´phscbpw , H≥]Xv, ]Øv

F∂o ¢m pIfnse Ip´nIfpsS enÃv D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿°v

ka¿∏nt°≠XmWv. IqSmsX {]o˛ss{]adn, Fw.Pn.F¬.kn., _p≤namμyw kw`hn® Ip´nIƒ

F∂nhcpsS enÃv {]tXyIw {]tXyIw \¬tI≠XmWv.

8) Cu A≤yb\ h¿jw apX¬ C≥U‚ v ]mkm°¬, I≠nP‚ v Nm¿÷v ]m m°¬, tÃm°v

F≥{Sn XpSßnbh Hm¨sse\mbn´mWv Un.]n.sF.°v ka¿∏nt°≠Xv. CXnte°mbn

F√m D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^oknepw Iw]yq´dn¬ C‚¿s\‰v kwhn[m\w \¬Inbn´p≠v.

Cu A≤yb\ h¿jw apX¬ Hm¨sse≥ A√msX C≥U‚ v ]m m°m≥ ]mSn√. amthen

tÃm¿ ASnÿm\Øn¬ am{Xta C≥U‚ v ]m m°m≥ ]mSpffq. t\csØ

\¬InbXpt]mepff C≥U‚pIƒ amthen tÃmdn¬ \¬Im≥ ]mSn√.

9) kv°qƒ {][m\m[ym]I¿ D®`£Whpambn _‘s∏´ F√m hnhcßfpw K2 t^mdØn¬

tcJs∏SpØn kv°qfn¬ kq£nt°≠XmWv. K2 t^mdØns‚ kw£n]vX hnhc߃ N.M.P.1

t^mdØn¬ Xømdm°n D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿°v ka¿∏n°Ww. Xte amksØ

dnt∏m¿´v X≥amkØnse BZy {]hrØn ZnhkwXs∂ D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^okn¬

ka¿∏nt°≠XmWv. hogvN hcpØp∂h¿s°Xnsc I¿i\ \S]Sn kzoIcn°p∂XmWv.

Nne sslkv°qƒ {][m\m≤ym]I¿ hogvN hcpØp∂Xmbn {i≤bn¬s]´n´p≠v. CXv

kw_‘n®v _‘s∏´ Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿ I¿i\ \n¿t±iw \¬tI≠XmWv.

hogvN hcpØp∂h¿s°Xnsc hIp∏pXe \S]Sn kzoIcnt°≠XmWv.

10) tÃm°v F≥{Snbpw I≠nP‚ v Nm¿÷v hnhcßfpw Iw]yq´dn¬ oUv sNbvXm¬ am{Xta

C≥U‚ v ]mkm°m≥ Ignbq F∂XpsIm≠v {][m\m≤ym]Icn¬ \n∂pw dnt∏m¿ v hmßn

^oUv sNøm≥ D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿ {]tXyIw {i≤nt°≠XmWv. hogvN

hcpØp∂hcpsS enÃv Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿, hnZym`ymk D]UbdIvS¿am¿

F∂nh¿°v \¬tI≠XmWv.

11) H∂papX¬ Ggmw ¢m phscbpff Ip´nIƒ°v Ip´n H∂n\v 60 {Kmw Acnbpw 30 {Kmw ]bdpw

F∂ IW°n\pw 8˛mw ¢m nse Ip´nIƒ°v 100 {Kmw Acnbpw 50 {Kmw ]bdpw F∂

IW°nepamWv C≥U‚ v ]m m°n \¬tI≠Xv. {]o˛ss{]adn Ip´nIƒ°v 30 {Kmw Acnbpw

15 {Kmw ]bdpamWv A\phZn°p∂Xv. `£W km[\߃ hmßptºmƒ AhbpsS

KpW\nehmcw Dd∏phcpØpIbpw tISpIqSmsX kq£n°pIbpw thWw. ]mNIØn\v

AbUn≥ tN¿Ø D∏v D]tbmKnt°≠XmWv. kvs]jy¬ kv°qfpIfnse Ip´nIƒ°v 12

hb n\v Xmsgbpffh¿°v 60 {Kmw Acnbpw 30 {Kmw ]bdpw 12 hb n\p apIfnepffh¿°v

100 {Kmw Acnbpw 50 {Kmw ]bdpamWv A\phZnt°≠Xv.

7612) ap´ hnXcWw kw_‘n®v \nch[n ]cmXnIƒ e`n°p∂p≠v. ap´bv°v ]Icw ÿncambn

]gw \¬Ip∂XmbmWv {][m\ ]cmXn. CØcw Imcy߃ \q¨ ao¬ kq∏¿sshk¿am¿

AhcpsS ]cntim[\mthfbn¬ {]tXyIw \nco£nt°≠XmWv.

13) D®`£ ]cn]mSnbpsS hnPbØn\mbn D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿ Pq¨ 6˛mw

XobXnbv°p ap≥]mbn {]m[m\m≤ym]IcpsS tbmKw hnfn®ptN¿t°≠Xpw

k¿°pedns‚bpw t^mdßfpsSbpw ]I¿∏pIƒ hnXcWw sNtø≠XpamWv.

14) Pq¨ amksØ C≥U‚ v ]mkm°p∂Xn\p apºmbn G{]n¬, sabv amkßfnse C≥U‚ v

]qPyambn Iw]yq´dn¬ F≥{Sn sNtø≠XmWv. (ap…nw Ie≠¿ A\pkcn®pff

kv°qfpIƒ°v sabv amksØ C≥U‚ v ]qPyambn Iw]yq´dn¬ F≥{Sn sNtø≠XmWv).

Iw]yq´dn¬ C≥U‚ v ]m m°p∂Xv kw_‘amb kwib߃ 0471 2324633 F∂ \ºdn¬

hnfn®v ZqcoIcnt°≠XmWv.

15) Ign™ A≤yb\ h¿jsØ tÃm°v kw_‘n®v Nne D]Pn√Ifn¬ sX‰pIƒ

kw`hn®Xmbn {i≤bn¬s]´n´p≠v. {]kvXpX ]nghpIƒ ]pXnb C≥U‚pIƒ

]m m°p∂Xn\p ap≥]mbn ]cnlcnt°≠XmWv.

16) Hmtcm Znhkhpw D®`£W ]cn]mSnbn¬ ]s¶Sp°p∂ Ip´nIfpsS FÆw

{]m[m\m≤ym]I¿ t\m´okv t_m¿Un¬ FgpXn {]Z¿in∏nt°≠XmWv. AXpt]mse ap´

hnXcWw \SØp∂ Znhkhpw, hnXcWw sNøs∏´ ap´bpsS FÆhpw t\m´okv t_m¿Un¬

{]Z¿in∏nt°≠XmWv. D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿ ta¬ Imcyw \S∏nem°nbXmbn

Dd∏p hcptØ≠XmWv.

17) ap´ hnXcWw \SØp∂ Znhkw hnXcWw \SØnb ap´bpsS/]gØns‚ FÆhpw a‰v

hniZhnhcßfpw Hcp {]tXyI cPnÃdn¬ FgpXn aZ¿ ]n.Sn.F.AwKßfn¬

HcmfpsSsb¶nepw H∏phmßnbncn°Ww. Cu cPnÿ At\zjW DtZymKÿcpsS

]cntim[\bv°mbn ka¿∏nt°≠XmWv.

(H∏v)

AUojW¬ hnZym`ymk UbdIvS¿ (A°mUanIv) °pth≠n

AwKoImctØmsS

kq{]≠v

F√m hnZym`ymk D]UbdIvS¿am¿°pw

F√m Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿°pw

F√m D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk Hm^ok¿am¿°pw.

77

tIcf k¿°m¿

kw{Klw

s]mXphnZym`ymkw˛ Kh¨sa‚ v/FbnUUv kvIqfpIfnse A[ym]I c£mI¿XrkanXnbpsS

(Parents Teachers Association-PTA) {]h¿Ø\Øn\pff am¿§\n¿t±i߃˛ AwKoIcn®v

DØchmIp∂p.

s]mXphnZym`ymk (‰n) hIp∏v

k.D. (IsøgpØv) \º¿ 1236/2007/s]m.hn.h. Xncph\¥]pcw, 2007 Pq¨ 25

DØchv

kwÿm\sØ Kh¨sa‚ v/FbnUUv kvIqfpIfnse A[ym]I c£mI¿Xr kanXnbpsS

(Parents Teachers Association-PTA) {]h¿Ø\Øn\v A\p_‘{]Imcapff ]pXp°nb

am¿§\n¿t±i߃ AwKoIcn®v DØchmIp∂p. CXn\v 2007/2008 A°mZanI h¿jw apX¬

{]m_eyap≠mbncn°p∂XmWv.

Kh¿WdpsS DØchn≥ {]Imcw

Un kckzXn AΩ

AUojW¬ sk{I´dn

A\p_‘w

Kh¨sa‚ v/FbvUUv kvIqfpIfnse A[ym]I c£mI¿Xr kanXnbpsS

(Parents Teachers Association-PTA) {]h¿Ø\Øn\pff am¿§\n¿t±i߃

1. P\d¬ t_mUn

1.1. kvIqfn¬ AXmXv A°mZanI h¿jw ]T\w \SØp∂ apgph≥ hnZym¿∞nIfpsS

c£nXm°fpw CXn¬ AwKßfmbncn°pw.

1.2. ]n.Sn.F P\d¬ t_mUn F√mh¿jhqw aq∂p {]mhiysa¶nepw tbmKw IqtS≠XmWv.

lb¿sk°‚dn/shmt°jW¬ lb¿sk°‚dn kvIqfpIfn¬ ]Xns\m∂mw ¢mknse

{]thi\w ]q¿Ønbmbn Hcp amkØn\pffnembncn°pw BZy tbmKw. as‰√m

kvIqfpIfnepw Pq¨ amkØn¬ Xs∂ BZy tbmKw \S°Ww. c≠masØ tbmKw c≠mw

tSanepw aq∂matØXv lb¿sk°‚dn/shmt°jW¬lb¿sk°‚dn kvIqfpIfn¬ 10/

12 ¢mkpIfnse s]mXp]co£ Bcw`n°p∂Xn\v Hcp amkw apºpw a‰v kvIqfpIfn¬

s^{_phcn Ahkm\hmchpw \S°Ww.

1.3. H∂masØ P\d¬ t_mUn tbmKw ap≥ h¿jsØ ]n.Sn.F {]knU‚ns‚

A[y£XbnemWv \S°pI. {Kma]©mbØv/ap≥kn∏men‰n/tIm¿∏tdj≥ hm¿Uv saº¿

vi. kvIqƒ ]n.Sn.F. ˛ DØchv

78sNb¿t]gvkWmb kvIqƒ hnIk\ kanXnbn¬ AwKoIcn® kvIqƒ hnIk\ tcJ

(School Development) tbmKØn¬ AhXcn∏n®v N¿® sNbvXv AwKoIcn°Ww.

1.4. P\d¬ t_mUnbpsS H∂masØ tbmKØn¬ ]n.Sn.FbpsS FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰nsb

sXcs™Spt°≠XmWv. Cu tbmKØn¬ ap≥ A°mZanI h¿jsØ aq∂masØ

tbmKØn\p tijapff HmUn‰v sNbvX hchp sNehpIfpw AwKoIcn°Ww. IqSmsX

\S∏ph¿jsØ IW°pIƒ HmUn‰ v sNøm≥ c£I¿Øm°fn¬ \n∂pff

c≠wKkanXnsbbpw sXcs™Sp°Ww

1.5. aq∂masØ tbmKØn¬ hm¿jnI {]h¿Ø\ dnt∏m¿´pw ]n.Sn.F bpsS AXphscbpff

HmUn‰p sNbvX hchp sNehp IW°pIfpw AhXcn∏n®v AwKoIcn°Ww. IqSmsX

ASpØ A°mZanI h¿jØn¬ ]pXpXmbn kvIqfn¬ {]thin°p∂hcn¬ \n∂pw \nehn¬

]Tn°p∂hcn¬ \n∂pw tiJcnt°≠ JWvTnI 3.8 ¬ kqNn∏n® \n_‘\{]Imcapff

XpIbpsS Imcyhpw Xocpam\n°Ww.

1.6. ]n.Sn.F. bpsS {]h¿Ø\sØ°pdn®v Fs¥¶nepw Bt£]ßtfm X¿°ßtfm D≠mbm¬

AXp _‘s∏´ F.C.H/hnZym`ymk D]UbdIvS¿/doPnbW¬ D]UbdIvS¿/Akn v

UbdIvS¿ _‘s∏´ {Kma ]©mbØv {]knU‚ v/\Kck`m sNb¿am≥ /tIm¿∏tdj≥

tab¿ F∂nhcpsS km∂n[yØn¬ N¿® sNbvXv ]cnlcnt°≠XmWv.

2. FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰n

2.1. ]n.Sn.F. P\d¬ t_mUnbn¬ \n∂v t\cn´v sXcs™SpØhcmbncn°pw FIvknIyq´ohv

IΩ‰nbn¬. AXns‚ AwKkwJy G‰hpw Ipd™Xv 15Dw IqSnbXv 21 Dw Bbncn°pw

CXnse c£nXm°fpsS FÆw A[ym]IcptSXnt\°mƒ H∂p IqSpXembncn°pw.

DZmlcWambn 15 AwK FIvknIyq´ohn¬ 8 c£nXm°fpw 7 A[ym]Icpw D≠mbncn°pw.

Gtgm AXn¬ Ipdthm A[ym]Icpff kvIqfpIfn¬ F√m A[ym]Icpw Ahtc°mƒ

IqSpXepff{Xbpw c£nXm°fpw Dƒs∏´Xmbncn°pw FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰n.

c£nXm°fpsSbpw A[ym]IcpsSbpw {]Xn\n[nIfn¬ ]IpXnsb¶nepw

kv{XoIfmbncn°Ww. kv{XoIfpsS {]mXn\n[yw ImWn°m≥ km[n°mØ XcØnemWv

kvIqfnse A[ym]nIamcpsS FÆsa¶n¬ Ahsc ]camh[n Dƒs∏SpØp∂ hn[Øn¬

{IaoIcn®m¬ aXn.

2.2. 750 hnZym¿∞nIƒ hsc ]Tn°p∂ kvIqfpIfn¬ 15 t]cpw AXn\p apIfn¬

hnZym¿∞nIfpff kvIqfpIfn¬ Hmtcm 250 Ip nItfm AXns‚ mKtam DffnSØv IqSpXembn

c≠pt]¿ hoXhpw (c£nXmhv, A[ym]I≥/A[ym]nI F∂nh¿ H∂p hoXw) ]n.Sn.F

FIvknIyq´ohn¬ AwKambncn°pw. ]t£ ]camh[n AwKkwJy 21 t]¿ am{Xta ]mSpffq.

2.3. ]n.Sn.F FIvknIyq´ohnte°v c£nXm°sfbpw A[ym]Iscbpw sXcs™Sp°ptºmƒ

kvIqfnse ss{]adn , sslkvIqƒ, lb¿sk°≥UUdn, shmt°jW¬

lb¿sk°≥Udn F∂o hn`mKßfpsS {]mXn\n[yw Dd∏mt°≠XmWv.

2.4. ]n.Sn.F FIvknIyq´ohns‚ `mchmlnIfmb {]knU‚ v, sshkv {]knU‚ v F∂nhsc

A[ym]I {]Xn\n[nIƒ Dƒs∏sSbpff FIvknIyq´ohv AwKßfmWv sXcs™Sp°pI.

Cu c≠v ÿm\ßfpw c£nXm°ƒ°v am{XapffXmbncn°pw. lb¿sk°≥UUdn/

shmt°jW¬ lb¿sk°≥Udn hn`mKapff sslkvIqfpIfn¬ {]knU‚ v B

hn`mKØn¬ \n∂msW¶n¬, sshkv {]knU‚ v ss{]adn/sslkvIqƒ hn`mKØnse

c£nXm°fn¬ \n∂mbncn°Ww. {]knU‚ v ss{]adn/sslkvIqƒ hn`mKØn¬

\n∂msW¶n¬ sshkv {]knU‚ v lb¿sk°≥UUdn/shmt°jW¬

79lb¿sk°≥Udn hn`mKØn¬ \n∂mbncn°Ww.

2.5. lb¿sk°≥UUdn/shmt°jW¬ lb¿sk°≥Udn kvIqfpIfn¬ {]n≥kn∏¬ ]n.Sn.F.

bpsS FIvkv H^ntjym sk{I´dnbpw, slUvamk‰¿ FIvkv H^ntjym JPm≥Pnbpw

Bbncn°pw. ss{]adn/sslkvIqfpIfn¬ slUvamk‰¿ FIvkv H^ntjym sk{I´dnbpw

sU∏yq´n slUvamÿ/ko\nb¿ Akn v JPm≥Pnbpw Bbncn°pw.

2.6. FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰nbpsS BZy tbmKw H∂masØ P\d¬ t_mUntbmKZnhkw Xs∂

tN¿∂v {]knU‚ v, sshkv{]knU‚ v F∂nhsc sXcs™Sp°Ww.

amkØnsemcn°se¶nepw FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰n tbmKw tNtc≠XmWv.

2.7. FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰nbpsS Imemh[n sXcs™Sp°s∏´XpapX¬ sXm´SpØ h¿jsØ

FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰n sXcs™Sp∏v \S°p∂ Znhkw hscbmbncn°pw.

3. ]n.Sn.F ^≠v/kvIqƒ hnIk\ ^≠v

3.1. ]n.Sn.F ^≠v/kvIqƒ hnIk\ ^≠v c£nXm°fn¬ \n∂v tiJcn® Hcp s]mXp

^≠mbXn\m¬ hnZym¿∞nIfpsS t£aØn\v th≠n am{Xta CXv D]tbmKn°phm≥

]mSpffq.

3.2. ap≥ h¿jsØ \o°nbncn∏v XpI (Closing Balance) \S∏v A[yb\ h¿jsØ ssIøncn∏v

XpI (Openiong balance) Bbncn°pw.

3.3. kvIqƒ {]thi\ kabØpw a‰pw c£nXm°fn¬ \n∂pw tiJcn°p∂ ]n.Sn.F AwKXz

XpI apgph\mbpw ASpØ {]h¿Øn Znhkw Xs∂ ]n.Sn.F A°u≠n¬

\nt£]nt°≠XmWv. CXn\mbn ]cnkcØpff tZikm¬IrX _m¶ntem klIcW

_m¶ntem t]mtÃm^okv tkhnwKvkv _m¶ntem {]knU‚ v, sk{I´dn, JPm≥Pn

F∂nhcpsS t]cn¬ tPmbn‚ v A°u≠v Bcw nt°≠XmWv. ]n.Sn.F {]knU‚ns\IqSmsX

sk{I´dn, JPm≥Pn F∂nhcn¬ Hcmƒ IqSn H∏n´p am{Xta A°u≠n¬ \n∂v XpI

]n≥hen°m≥ ]mSpffq.

3.4. Hmtcmh¿jhpw H∂masØ P\d¬ t_mUnbn¬ Xs∂ ]n.Sn.F bpsS hm¿jnI _UvP‰v

AhXcn∏n°p∂Xv \∂mbncn°pw.

3.5. ]n Sn F AwKXzw F√m c£nXm°ƒ°pw h¿jw tXmdpw \n¿_‘amWv. AwKXz okv

hnZym¿∞nbpsS {]thi\ kabtØm A°mZanI h¿jØns‚ H∂masØ amktam

sImSpt°≠XmWv. AwKXz okns‚ {]Xnio¿j \nc°v Xmsg sImSp°p∂p.

F¬]n hn`mKw .................................................................... 10 cq]

bp.]n hn`mKw ....................................................................... 25 cq]

sslkvIqƒ hn`mKw .......................................................... 50 cq]

lb¿sk°≥Udn/shmt°jW¬

lb¿sk°≥Udn .............................................................. 100 cq]

3.6. ]´nI PmXn ]´nI h¿§ hn`mK߃, kmºØnIambn hfsc ]nt∂m°w

\n¬°p∂h¿(C°mcyw sXfnbn°m≥ {Kma]©mbØv {]knU‚ v/\Kck` sNb¿am≥/

tIm¿∏tdj≥ tab¿/]©mbØv {]knU‚ F∂nhcn¬ \n∂v k¿´n^n°‰v

lmPcm°nbm¬ aXn) F∂o hn`mKØn¬s∏´ hnZym¿∞nIfpsS c£nXm°ƒ°v ]n. Sn.

F AwKXz ^okv \n¿_‘a√. \n¿±ojvS ^okv \¬Inbns√¶nepw Chcpw ]n.Sn.F

P\d¬ t_mUnbn¬ AwKßfmbncn°pw.

803.7. JWvTnI3.5 ¬ ]d™n´pff AwKXz okpw k¿°m¿ \nba{]Imcw \n¿t±in® okpw

A√msX as‰mcp ^okpw sImSp°m≥ c£nXm°ƒ _m[yÿc√; Ahsc AXn\p

\n¿_‘n°m\pw ]mSn√.

3.8. ap≥ h¿jsØ aq∂mw tSanse ]n.Sn.F P\d¬ t_mUn tbmKw Xocpam\n°pIbmsW¶n¬

kvIqfnse \S∏v A°mZanI h¿jsØ {]tXyIw \n¿ΔNn°s∏´n´pff A°mZanI

Bhiy߃°mbn Xmsgs°mSpØn´pff ]camh[n \nc°n¬ Hmtcm hn`mKØnse

hnZym¿∞n/c£nXmhn¬ \n∂pw ≠v tiJcn°mhp∂XmWv.

F¬]n hn`mKw .................................................................... 20 cq]

bp.]n hn`mKw ....................................................................... 50 cq]

sslkvIqƒ hn`mKw .......................................................... 100 cq]

lb¿sk°≥Udn/shmt°jW¬

lb¿sk°≥Udn .............................................................. 400 cq]

Hcp c£nXmhns\bpw ta¬∏d™ XpI sImSp°m≥ \n¿_‘n°pItbm {]kvXpX XpI

sImSp°mØ c£nXmhns‚ aIƒ°v/aI\v kvIqƒ {]thi\w \ntj[n°pItbm sNøm≥ ]mSn√.

C°mcyw Dd∏mt°≠ NpaXe {]n≥kn∏en\v/slUvamÃdn\v BWv.

3.9. hnZym¿∞nIƒ /c£I¿Øm°fn¬ \n∂v tiJcn°p∂ XpIbv°v A∏t∏mƒ Xs∂

sk{I´dn/JPm≥Pn H∏n v kvIqƒ ko¬ ]Xn® cioXn sImSpt°≠XmWv.

3.10. kvIqƒ {]thi\w ]q¿Ønbm°n HcmgvNbv°pffn¬ ]n.Sn.F AwKXz ^okv tiJcn®

a‰p XpI F∂nhbpsS IrXyamb IW°pIƒ ]n.Sn.F {]knU‚ v, sk{I´dn, JPm≥Pn

F∂nh¿ H∏n v kvIqƒ t\m´okv t_mUn¬ ]Xnt°≠XmWv.

3.11. ]n.Sn.F bpsS Imjv _p°v,seUvP¿, tbmK\S]SnIfpsS an\pSvkv ]pkvXIw tÃmIv

cPnÿ F∂nh JPm≥PnbpsS klmbtØmsS sk{I´dn Xømdmt°≠Xpw kvIqƒ

Hm^okn¬ Xs∂ Ch sk{I´dnbpsS DØchmZnXzØn¬ kq£nt°≠XpamWv.

3.12. P\d¬ t_mUn sXcs™Sp°p∂ c≠wK kanXn ]n.Sn.F bpsS IW°pIƒ HmUn‰v

sNtø≠Xp≠v. IqSmsX _‘s∏´ F.C H/hnZym`ymk D]UbdIvS¿/doPnbW¬

D]UbdIvS¿(F®v Fkv Fkv)/Aknk‰‚ v UbdIvS¿(hnF®v Fkv Fkv) F∂nhcpw

HmUn‰v sNtø≠XmWv.

3.13. FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰nbpsS Xocpam\{]Imcw sk{I´dnbpw JPm≥Pnbpw {]knU‚pambn

IqSnbmtemNn®mWv ]n. Sn.F.bpsS ]Ww ssIImcyw sNtø≠Xv. ssIøncn∏v XpI

Hcn°epw 1,000/˛ cq]bn¬ IhnbcpXv.

3.14. AXymhiy L´ßfn¬ {]knU‚nt‚bpw JPm≥PnbptSbpw tcJmaqeamb

AwKoImctØmsS ]camh[n 3,000/˛ cq] hsc ]n.Sn.F ^≠n¬ \n∂pw ]n≥hen®v

sk{I´dn°v sNehm°mhp∂XmWv.

3.15. 3000 cq]bv°p apIfn¬ 30,000/˛ cq] hscbpff XpI sNehgn°m≥ FIvknIyq´ohv

IΩn‰nbptSbpw (30,000/˛ cq]bv°p apIfnepff XpI sNehgn°m≥ {Kma]©mbØpIfn¬,

t£aImcy Ãm≥UnwKv IΩn‰n sNb¿t]gvks‚bpw ap≥kn∏men‰nIfnepw

tIm¿∏tdj\pIfnepw, BtcmKy hnZym`ymk Ãm≥UnwKv IΩn‰n sNb¿t]gvks‚bpw

A\paXn ap≥Iqdmbn hmtß≠XmWv.)

3.16. ]n. Sn. F ^≠v D]tbmKn®v kvIqƒ hml\߃ hmßp∂Xn\pw hmßnbh

hn¬°p∂Xn\pw ]n.Sn.F P\d¬ t_mUnbpsS AwKoImcw hmßWw.

813.17. ]n.Sn. F ^≠nte°v e`n°p∂ F√mhn[ XpIbpw A∏t∏mƒ Xs∂ JPm≥Pn H∏n´

cioXn \¬tI≠XmWv.

3.18. Hmtcm FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰nbnepw AXphscbpff hchp sNehp IW°pIƒ

AhXcn∏n®v AwKoImcw hmßWw.

3.19. ]Ww ]n≥hen®m¬ AXns‚ IW°pIƒ icnbm°n hu®dpIƒ h®tijw am{Xta

IqSpX¬ ]Ww ]n≥hen°m≥ ]mSpffq.

3.20. FIvknIyq´ohv IΩn‰nbpsS Xocpam\Øn\p hnt[bambn

kvIqƒ cPnÃdpIƒ

Hm^okv BhiyØn\pff tÃj\dn,

kvIqƒ Ubdn

Xncn®dnb¬ Im¿Uv,

cmkhkvXp°ƒ Dƒs∏sSbpff et_md´dn km[\߃/D]IcW߃,

Iºyq´¿ em_nte°mhiyamb Iºyq´¿, a‰v A\p_‘ D]IcW߃,

sshZypX D]IcW߃,

kvt]m¿Svkv/IfnIƒ F∂nhbv°v Bhizamb D]IcW߃

^Ãv FbvUn\pff kma{KnIƒ,

I°qkv hrØnbm°m\pff ]Zm¿∞߃,

ip≤Pe hnXcWØn\mhiyamb ss]∏v, Sm∏v XpSßnbh, ¿Wn®dpIƒ,

kvIqƒ hml\ßfpsS dn∏b¿ sNehpIƒ,

]{Xw/B\pImenI߃ XpSßnbh hmßm≥,

^¿Wn®dpIƒ, P\¬, hmXn¬ XpSßnbhbpsS dn∏b¿, kvIqfns‚ ¢mkvapdnbpsS

sNdnbXcw A‰Ip‰∏Wn XpSßnbhbpsS sNehpIƒ,

I°qkv, aq{X∏pc, IpSnshffkuIcyw, Ifnÿew F∂nh D≠m°p∂Xn\v,

sI´nS \n¿ΩmWs®ehpIƒ XpSßnbh,

D®°™n e{]Zambn \SØm\mhiyamb sNehpIƒ,

kvIqfns‚ A`nhr≤n°mbn ]n.Sn.F FIvknIyq´ohv IΩ‰n Xocpam\n°p∂

sNehn\߃ XpSßnbhbv°v ]n.Sn.F ≠v D]tbmKn°mhp∂XmWv.

3.21 kvIqfn¬ \S°p∂ kmwkvImcnI ]cn]mSnIƒ, skan\mdpIƒ, N¿®Iƒ,]T\m\p_‘

{]h¿Ø\ßfmb bphPt\m’hw/_meIemtaf, imkv{Xtaf, ImbnI taf, kvIqƒ

]m¿esa‚ v {]h¿Ø\߃ F∂nhbv°pw Icnb¿ ssKU≥kv XpSßnb

{]h¿Ø\߃°pw FIvknIyq´ohv IΩ‰nbpsS AwKoImctØmsS ]n.Sn.F ^≠v

sNehgn°mhp∂XmWv.

3.22 Hmtcm h¿jhpw tiJcn°p∂ ≠n¬ Ipd™Xv 15 iXam\w kvIqƒ sse{_dnbnte°v

]pkvXI߃ hmßm≥ D]tbmKs∏SptØ≠XmWv.

* JWvUnI 3.15 k¿°m¿ DØchv ]n∂oSv t`ZKXn hcpØpIbpw 30,000 cq]bv°p apIfnepff

XpI sNehgn°p∂Xn\v ]©mbØv A[nImcnIfpsS A\paXn°p ]Icw ]n.Sn.F P\d¬

t_mUntbmKØns‚ A\paXn F∂m°n am‰pIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v.

82

tIcf k¿°m¿

kw{Klw

s]mXphnZym`ymk hIp∏v kwÿm\sØ hnhn[ kvIqfpIfn¬ s]mXpNSßpIƒ \SØp∂Xn\pff

kabhpw {IaoIcWhpw am¿§tcJ/\n¿t±i߃ ]pds∏Sphn®v DØchmIp∂p.

s]mXphnZym`ymkw (Pn) hIp∏v

Pn.H.(B¿.‰n.)\w : 631/09/s]m. hn. h. XobXn, Xncph\¥]pcw, 6/2/2009.

DØchv

hnZymebßfn¬ \S°p∂ ]e s]mXpNSßpIfpw Hu]NmcnIXbpsS AXn{]kcwsIm≠v

\ndwaßnt∏mImdp≠v. hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v s]mXpsh hnckamb {]kwK߃ am{Xambn Ch

Bcw`n°pIbpw Ip´nIfpsS a\ n¬ H∂pw _m°nbmhmsX Ahkm\n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Iogv

hg°ßƒ ]men°m\pff hy{KXbn¬ CØcw NSßpIƒ°v ]et∏mgpw Znimt_m[wXs∂

\jvSs∏Smdp≠v. AXn\m¬ hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v BI¿jIamb hn[Øn¬ k¿KmflIambn

hnZymebØnse s]mXp NSßpIƒ \StØ≠XmWv.

hnZymeb hm¿jnImtLmj߃ Bkq{XWw sNøptºmƒ Xmsg∏dbp∂ Imcy߃

{i≤nt°≠XmWv.

apgph≥ hnZym¿∞nIƒ°pw ]¶mfnØw e`n°pwhn[Øn¬ hnhn[ßfmb ]cn]mSnIƒ

Bhnjv°cn°pI.

{]Z¿i\߃, \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø\߃, F√mh¿°pw ]¶mfnØw e`n°pwhn[apff

hnhn[ßfmb a’c߃ F∂nh hm¿jnImtLmjØns‚ mKam°pI.

CXn\pth≠n hnZym¿∞nIƒIqSn Dƒs∏Sp∂ P\Iob kanXnIƒ cq]oIcn°pI, NpaXeIƒ

hn`Pn®p \¬IpI, hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v dnt∏m¿´nwKn\v Ahkcw \evIpI.

Iem˛ImbnI hnZym`ymkØns‚ {]m[m\yhpw {]k‡nbpw hniZam°p∂ {]h¿Ø\߃°v

thZnsbmcp°pI.

Hmtcm hnZym¿∞n°pw Hmtcm kΩm\w/AwKoImcw In´pwhn[Øn¬ Ahkcsamcp°pI.

{]mtZinI hnZKvZcpsSbpw {]mtZinI hn`hßfptSbpw hn\ntbmKw Dd∏phcpØpwhn[apff

aps∂mcp°ßƒ \SØpI.

F√m c£nXm°fptSbpw Xt±i kzbw`cW {]Xn\n[nIfpsSbpw ]¶mfnØw Dd∏p hcpØpI.

kwL{]h¿Ø\߃°v IqSpX¬ Ahkcw e`n°pw hn[Øn¬ hm¿jnImtLmj

Iem]cn]mSnIƒ Nn´s∏SpØpI.

vii. s]mXpNSßpIƒ ˛ DØchv

83hnZymebsØ hn`mKßfm°msX ka{Kambn I≠psIm≠v hm¿jnImtLmjw Bkq{XWw

sNøpI.

ta¬hnhcn® kmlNcyØn¬ hnZymebßfn¬ s]mXpNSßv \SØn∏n\mbn Xmsg sImSpØ

am¿KtcJ \n¿t±in®v DØchv ]pds∏Sphn°p∂p.

s]mXpth \mev]Ønb©p an\nt‰m Gdnbm¬ Hcp aWn°qtdm \o≠p\n¬°p∂ NSßpIƒ

Bkq{XWw sNøpI.

Ip´nIƒ°v Ccn∏nSw Dd∏m°pI. ]cn]mSnIƒ \∂mbn ImWm≥ Ahkcw D≠mIWw (200-250

Ip´nIfpff hnZymebßfn¬ Ccn°m\mbn sNdnb ]mbIƒ hmßp∂Xv em`Icambncn°pw).

sNdnb kZ pIƒ acØWen¬ Bhmw. AXn\p ]‰nb ÿew Is≠ØpI. Im‰pw

shfn®hpapff ÿeßfmWv A\ptbmPyw.

A\ptbmPyamb kabw Is≠ØpI.

NSßpIƒ {]Jym]n® kabØp Xs∂ XpSßpIbpw Ahkm\n∏n°pIbpw sNøpI. C°mcyw

ap≥Iq´n £WnXm°sf Adnbn°Ww. apJymXnYn sshIpsa∂v ap≥Iq´n Adnbn∏p e`n®m¬

AXp IW°nseSpØp ]cn]mSn ]p\:{IaoIcn°mw. DZmlcWØn\v apJymXnYnbpsS NSßv

HgnsI a‰p ]cn]mSnIfpw BiwkIfpw ]q¿Ønbm°pI.

s]mXp NSßpIƒ°mbn ¢m pIƒ ]q¿Æambpw Hgnhm°p∂ {]hWX \ncp’mls∏SpØpI.

NSßn\ptijw A≤yb\w XpS¿∂pw \S°pwhn[Øn¬ hnZymeb {]h¿Ø\w {IaoIcn°pI.

hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v kzX{¥ambn tÃPnseØm\pw Ccn∏nSØnseØm\pw kuIcyw D≠m°pI.

c£nXm°ƒ°v Ip´nIƒs°m∏w Ccn∏nSsamcp°pI. Hmtcm c£nXmhnt\bpw AwKoIcn°m\pw

Ah¿°pth≠ Ccn∏nSsamcp°m\pw khntijamb {i≤bp≠mhWw.

thZnbpw kvIqƒ ]cnkchpw Ae¶cn°m≥ Ip´nIfpsS k¿KmflI krjvSnIƒ, Nn{X߃

t]∏¿ I´nwKpIƒ, ]´w t]mepff Ae¶mc coXnIƒ, ]q°ƒ, IpcptØme XpSßnbh

D]tbmKn°mw. ]Ws®ehpff Nab߃, t_m¿UpIƒ, sse‰pIƒ F∂nh Hgnhm°Ww.

^vfIvkv Dƒs∏sSbpff πmÃn°pIƒ ]q¿Æambpw Hgnhm°Ww. emfnXyambncn°Ww

s]mXpNSßpIfpsS apJap{Z.

Xmes∏men, AXnYnIƒ°mbn tdmUn\ncphihpw ImØp\nev]v, AXnYnIsf kzoIcn°m≥

hnZym¿∞nIsf Zo¿LZqcw hcnbmbn \Sج XpSßnbh hnZymebßfn¬ Xo¿Øpw

Hgnhmt°≠XmWv. Ah \ntcm[n®ncn°p∂p.

anIvkUv kvIqfpIfn¬ s]¨Ip´nIsf am{Xw D]tbmKs∏SpØnbpff kzoIcW߃ Xo¿Øpw

Hgnhm°Ww.

kvIqƒ AkwªnIƒ Imcyam{X {]k‡ambncn°Ww. Zo¿Lkabw \o´ns°m≠p t]mIp∂Xv

DNnXa√.

s]mXp NSßns‚ Bkq{XWØnepw \SØn∏nepw hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v ]camh[n ]¶mfnØw

sImSp°pI.

HmtcmcpØcptSbpw ÿm\hpw sshinjvSyhpw tkh\ßfpw FSpØp]d™v AXnYnIsf

Zo¿Lt\cw hmgvØp∂ XcØnepff kzmKX`mjWhpw, ]cn]mSnbpsS Kuchw sISpØp∂

84bp‡nclnXhpw, hnhcWmflhpamb \μn {]Imi\hpw Hgnhm°Ww.

hnZym¿∞nIƒ°v Xmev]cytam sh√phnfntbm P\n∏n°mØ coXnbntem hnjbØntem Dff

N¿®, kwhmZw, {]kwKw F∂nh Hgnhm°pI.

NSßn¬ kzmKXw, \μn, A≤y£X, DZvLmS\w F∂nhbv°pffhsc IqSmsX ]camh[n

Ht∂m ct≠m t]sc am{Xw Dƒs∏SpØmhp∂XmWv. ]cn]mSn KuchapffXmhm≥ AXmWv

\√Xv.

t\m´okn¬ t]cpff F√mhcptSbpw t]cpIƒ FSpØv ]d™v kwt_m[\ sNbvXpsIm≠v

HmtcmcpØcpw {]kwKw XpSßp∂Xv XnI®pw A\mhiyamWv. Cu coXn Hgnhm°Ww.

(Kh¿WdpsS DØchn≥ {]Imcw)

sPbnwkv h¿§okv

Kh¨sa‚ v sk{I´dn.

85

s]mXphnZym`ymk UbdIvSdpsS \S]Sn{Iaw

hnjbw : s]mXphnZym`ymkw˛hnhcmhImi \nbaw 2005˛ss{]adn kv°qfpIfn¬

]ªnIv C≥^¿taj≥ Hm^ok¿ XkvXnI ÿm\\n¿t±iw sNbvXp t`ZKXn

DØchv ]pds∏Sphn°p∂p.

]cma¿iw : 1) s]mXphnZym`ymk UbdIvSdpsS 16-˛07˛07se H & Fw (3)

77655/05 \º¿ DØchv.

2) kwÿm\ hnhcmhImi IΩojs‚ 9/3/09˛se 9280/Fkv.sF.kn.˛P\.1/

08 \º¿ IØv.

DØchv \º¿ : H & Fw (3)19180/09/Un.]n.sF. XobXn, 25/03/2009.

]cma¿iw (1) se DØchp {]Imcw s]mXp hnZym`ymk UbdIvStd‰v, UbdIvStd‰pambn

_‘s∏´ Pn√m/D]Pn√m k_v Unhnj≥ XeØnepff B^okpIfnepw A∏te‰v B^ok¿,

]ªnIv C≥^¿taj≥ B^ok¿, Akn v ]ªnIv C≥^¿taj≥ B^ok¿ XkvXnIIfn¬

ÿm\ \n¿t±iw \¬In DØchmbn´p≠v.

{]kvXpX DØchp {]Imcw ]cma¿iw (2)se kwÿm\ hnhcmhImi IΩojs‚

IØp{]Imcw t`ZKXn hcpØn ss{]adn kvIqfnse slUvamÃsd ]ªnIv C≥^¿taj≥

B^okdmbpw _‘s∏´ D]Pn√m hnZym`ymk B^oksd A∏te‰v B^okdmbpw ÿm\\n¿t±iw

\¬In DØchv ]pds∏Sphn°p∂p.

ta¬ XkvXnIIfnte°v \ma\n¿t±iw sNøs∏´ B^ok¿amcpsS t]cv, sSent^m¨ \º¿

F∂nh A\p_‘ DØchpIfneqsS {]kn≤oIcnt°≠Xpw hnhcmhImi IΩoj≥

sk{I´dntbbpw Cu B^oknepw Adnbnt°≠XpamWv. AXmXv XkvXnIIfn¬ XpScp∂h¿

Ah[nbn¬ {]thin°pItbm hncan°pItbm sNbvXm¬, XpS¿∂v Nm¿÷v FSp°p∂h¿ {]kvXpX

DtZymKÿcmbn {]h¿Ønt°≠XmWv. CØcØn¬ ImemImeßfn¬ D≠mIp∂ am‰ßƒ

s]mXphnZym`ymk UbdIvStd‰nepw hnhcmhImi IΩoj≥ sk{I´dnbpsS Hm^oknepw

Adnbnt°≠XmWv.

˛s]mXphnZym`ymk UbdIvS¿.

viii. hnhcmhImiw ˛ DØchv