Final year projects 2014 - 15 (IEEE & APPLICATION PROJECTS) @ HCL
Hcl Report (Pre Final)
-
Upload
elke-singhania -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
0
Transcript of Hcl Report (Pre Final)
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
1/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT
(SEMESTER V)
(2010-2011)
AT
HCL INFO,
Ballard Estate, Mumbai-400001
Andheri, Marol, Mumbai-400067
BY
1. 0803076 Salil Tembe2. 0803203 Naman Karir3. 0803059 Pankaj Patil4. 0803103 Tarkeshwar Gupta5. 0803065 Divyang Potdar6. 0803066 Prasad Rahate
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
2/38
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
3/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ST. XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
MAHIM, MUMBAI-400 016.CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. Salil Tembe HAS SATISFACTORLY
COMPLETED THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT HCL Infosystems IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COURSE CONDUCTED BY ST.
XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE.
GUIDE TRAINING COORDINATOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL
YEAR 2010-2011
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
4/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ST. XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
MAHIM, MUMBAI-400 016.CERTIFCATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. Naman Karir HAS SATISFACTORLY
COMPLETED THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT HCL Infosystems IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COURSE CONDUCTED BY ST.
XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE.
GUIDE TRAINING COORDINATOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL
YEAR 2010-2011
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
5/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ST. XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
MAHIM, MUMBAI-400016.CERTIFCATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. PankajPatil HAS SATISFACTORLY
COMPLETED THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT HCL Infosystems IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COURSE CONDUCTED BY ST.
XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE.
GUIDE TRAINING COORDINATOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL
YEAR 2010-2011
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
6/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ST. XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
MAHIM, MUMBAI-400016.CERTIFCATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. Tarkeshwar Gupta HAS SATISFACTORLY
COMPLETED THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT HCL Infosystems IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COURSE CONDUCTED BY ST.
XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE.
GUIDE TRAINING COORDINATOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL
________________________________
YEAR 2010-2011
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
7/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ST. XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
MAHIM, MUMBAI-400 016.CERTIFCATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. Divyang Potdar HAS SATISFACTORLY
COMPLETED THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT HCL Infosystems IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COURSE CONDUCTED BY ST.
XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE.
GUIDE TRAINING COORDINATOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL
YEAR 2010-2011
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
8/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ST. XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
MAHIM, MUMBAI-400 016.CERTIFCATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT Mr. Prasad Rahate HAS SATISFACTORLY
COMPLETED THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AT HCL Infosystems IN
PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS AND
TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COURSE CONDUCTED BY ST.
XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE.
GUIDE TRAINING COORDINATOR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
9/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
HCL BRANCHES
SECTION 1:-
HCL INFOSYS, UDYOG BHAVAN, BALLARD ESTATE, CST (W.)
SECTION 2:-
HCL SERVICE CENTER, MILLITARY ROAD, NEAR SEVENTH
HILL HOSPITAL, MAROL, MAROSHI, ANDHERI (E.)
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
10/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
INDEX
Section 1
Chapter 1:- Assembling of computers Chapter 2:- Network IP addressing and interfacing Chapter 3:- The core banking system Chapter 4:- Networking
Section 2
Chapter 1:- Sections of HCL services Chapter 2:- TATA SKY SET TOP BOX Chapter 3:- Block diagram Chapter 4:- Stages in STB
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
11/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to say very thanks to principal sir Mr. S.B.Ghungrad for giving us
opportunity to work in Hindustan computers limited as an employee in the internship
period. The internship period was from 15thJune 15th July. We are also thanks to Mr.
Kamath sir who arranged all the batches.
Our vocational training period was very nice because in between that period we
learn many things which may be very useful for our future life.
We are under the H.O.D Mr.S. Ghungrad So, we are also thankful to our HOD Ms.
S.Y.Patani to give good response.
INTRODUCTION
In 1976, Shiv Nadar, ArjunMalhotra, SubhashArora, Badam Kishore Kumar,
T.V.Bharadwaj&Arun Kumar H started Microcomp Limited. The focus of the company
was design and manufacturing of scientific calculators. The venture provided itsfounders money to start a company that focused on manufacturing computers. In the
earliar HCL stands for Hindustan Computers Limited but now HCL is only one name.
But our internship was in HCLservice center (andheri[e]).
This HCL service center mainly repairs tata sky set top box. We understood al
the processes from which the STB will get repaired. The manufacturers of that STB
mainly Thompson group, etc.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976 -
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
12/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
SECTION 1
Chapter 1
ASSEMBLING OF COMPUTER
1. Install all the components on the motherboard including memory modules,processor, and expansion cards, and also all connections for the motherboard.
2. Install the power supply at its proper location in the computer case and connect it tothe motherboard.
3. Install all the drives at the appropriate drive bays and connect the drive to themotherboard and the power supply.
4. Attach all the external devices and peripherals to the computer case and the mainpower supply.
5. Slid back the computer case cover on the computer case and tighten it usingscrews.
6. Connect the computer to the main power supply.ASSEMBLING MEANS CONNECTING ALL THE PARTS TOGETHER
PARTS OF THE COMPUTER:
THE PART OF COMPUTER IS AS FOLLOWS:
PLACING MOTHERBOARD. PLACE THE SMPS. CONNECT THE RAMP. PLACEING THE PROCESSOR. HARD DISK. DVD WRITER. FRONT PANNEL OF CABINET I/O DEVICES. CRT OR LCD
Motherboard:-
A motherboard is the soul of the computer. This is the most important entity, the
processor, is embedded and the connections of all the peripherals of the
computer are connected.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
13/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Basically a motherboard is a PCB circuit which has the basic things required for the
processing and for the applications of the computers. It consists of:-
Processor (CPU) RAM PCI Slots AGP Slots IDE Slots (Hard disk and CD ROM) ATX Connectors (Power Supply) North Bridge South Bridge CMOS Battery PS/2 Connectors Parallel Port USB Port Serial Port LAN Port
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
14/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
VGA Port Audio and Microphone Jack
PROCESSOR:
The processor is the Central Processing Unit. It is a digital component. Its clock
frequency is generally a multiple of the system frequency i.e. Motherboard frequency.
Figures show the placing of processor.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
15/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
PLACING OF RAM ON THE MOTHERBOARD
RAMIt is a part of computer data storage (memory). It is Random Access Memory.As the name suggests,
any piece data can be
accessed at a constant
time, regardless of its
place in the physical
memory. Greatest the
RAM size fastest is the
operation. The latest
RAM is DDR 3.
The RAM must be places in
such a way that the slots get
aligned with the slots on the
DIMM slot on the board.
Not much force must be used if the RAM slot doesnt get connected properly. Check if
the RAM is being inserted properly in the DIMM slots. More force would probably
damage it.
INSTALLING OF DRIVE:
Different types of external drives commonly found in a PC are:
HARD DISK DRIVE FLOPPY DISK DRIVE, [found only in old computers] ANY OPTICAL DISK DRIVE LIKE CD-ROM DRIVE, ETC.
The Hard disk drive must be connected in order to make the system boot.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
16/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
HDDs are available in SATA, eSATA, PATA, IDE, iSCSI. SATA has a faster transfer rate
while the iSCSI has even more transfer rate and thus it is used in server systems.
PATA is outdated and seldom used in modern devices.
SMPS [Switching Mode power Supply]
It is the block of circuit that supplies main power to the motherboard. It divides the
power and distributes to the other peripherals. For different motherboard different
types of SMPS are used with different power specifications. It uses 24 pins Molex
connector. The output voltage of SMPS does not exceeds 20volts
Identify and fit the screws that are holding the power supply to the computercase, from the back of the computer case. As the power supply is quite heavy,
the best practice to fit the screws is to first fit he first few initial screws. Then,
giving support to the power supply fit the remaining screws. This prevents the
power supply from falling in the computer case.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
17/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Chapter 2
Network Interfacing and IP addressing
A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware device that handlesan interface to a computer network and allows a network-capable device to
access that network.
An IP address is a logical address that is assigned by software residing in a
server or router (see DHCP). In order to locate a device in the network, thelogical IP address is converted to a physical address by a function within the
TCP/IP protocol software (see ARP). The physical address is actually built into the
hardware (see MAC address)
An IPv4 address is composed of four sets of 8 binary bits, which are referred toas octets. The result is that IP addresses are 32 bits in length. Each bit in each
octet is assigned a decimal value. The leftmost bit has a value of 128, followed
by 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, and 1, left to right.
Each bit in the octet can be either a 1 or a 0. If the value is 1, it is counted as itsdecimal value, and if it is 0, it is ignored. If all the bits are 0, the value of the
octet is 0. If all the bits in the octet are 1, the value is 255, which is
128+64+32+16+8+4+2+1. IPv6 is short for "Internet Protocol Version 6". IPv6 is the "next generation"
protocol designed by the IETF (The Internet Engineering Task Force) to replace
the current version Internet Protocol, IP Version 4 ("IPv4").
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interfacehttp://www.answers.com/topic/dhcphttp://www.answers.com/topic/address-resolution-protocolhttp://www.answers.com/topic/mac-addresshttp://www.ietf.org/http://www.ietf.org/http://www.answers.com/topic/mac-addresshttp://www.answers.com/topic/address-resolution-protocolhttp://www.answers.com/topic/dhcphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface -
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
18/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
The MAC address is a unique value associated with a network adapter. MACaddresses are also known as hardware addresses or physical addresses. They
uniquely identify an adapter on a LAN.
MAC addresses are 12-digit hexadecimal numbers (48 bits in length).Classes of IP Addresses:-
Class A: Class A addresses are specified to networks with large number of totalhosts. Class A allows for 126 networks by using the first octet for the network ID.
The first bit in this octet, is always set and fixed to zero. And next seven bits in
the octet is all set to one, which then complete network ID. The 24 bits in the
remaining octets represent the hosts ID, allowing 126 networks and
approximately 17 million hosts per network. Class A network number values
begin at 1 and end at 127.
Class B: Class B addresses are specified to medium to large sized of networks.Class B allows for 16,384 networks by using the first two octets for the network
ID. The two bits in the first octet are always set and fixed to 1 0. The remaining
6 bits, together with the next octet, complete network ID. The 16 bits in the third
and fourth octet represent host ID, allowing for approximately 65,000 hosts per
network. Class B network number values begin at 128 and end at 191.
Class C: Class C addresses are used in small local area networks (LANs). Class Callows for approximately 2 million networks by using the first three octets for the
network ID. In class C address three bits are always set and fixed to 1 1 0. And
in the first three octets 21 bits complete the total network ID. The 8 bits of thelast octet represent the host ID allowing for 254 hosts per one network. Class C
network number values begin at 192 and end at 223.
Class D and E:Classes D and E are not allocated to hosts. Class D addressesare used for multicasting, and class E addresses are not available for general
use: they are reserved for future purposes.
Private IP First Private IP Last Private IP
Class A 10.0.0.1 10.255.255.254
Class B 172.16.0.1 172.31.255.254
Class C 192.168.0.1 192.168.255.254
http://compnetworking.about.com/library/glossary/bldef-adapter.htmhttp://compnetworking.about.com/library/glossary/bldef-lan.htmhttp://compnetworking.about.com/library/glossary/bldef-lan.htmhttp://compnetworking.about.com/library/glossary/bldef-adapter.htm -
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
19/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Chapter 3
The Core Banking System
One of the tasks given to us during the training period at HCL was to survey the
computers located at different branches of Syndicate Bank. The work that was given to
us was to check if the computers at the branch location were under the annual
maintenance contract of HCL. If yes, then take down the computer details and mark it
down on the list, and stick a label which marked that the computer is in AMC of HCL.
Because of this we had a chance to travel to almost all places of Mumbai. Syndicate
bank has around 78 branches in and around Mumbai. This work was divided among the
9 students that were working at the Ballard Estate office of HCL.
Vashi, Nerul, Ulhasnagar, Masjid Bunder, Andheri, Virar, Vasai, Nalasopara, etc, were
some of the places we had to visit for AMC.
Different devices used in bank were networked computers (connected in Star
topology), network printers, passbook printers, scanners and all this was connected to
a IBM xSeries Server.
Main thing to learn from these bank visits was how the backend of the banking system
works.
Core Banking System:
The core banking system can be simplified into basic banking system. Core meansbasic, and this system works at a very simplified level of operation.
To understand this CBS we will go from the bottom level i.e. the bank branch to the
Reserve bank level.
Every bank branch has at least one IBM server or whatever server the Bank regional
office IT section decides. Different server manufacturers are DELL, HP, IBM, etc.
Dell manufactures blade servers which are highly efficient and they consume very less
power. Over that, the blade server has multiple cores and can serve enormous
amounts of requests. While the IBM is popular for manufacturing super computers and
highly efficient small business servers.
The kind of servers used in syndicate bank at branch level were IBM xSeries servers,
which had Intel Xeon server processor.
Purpose of branch server: Every transaction that occurred on the networked branch
computer was done on this server. Transactions such as cash deposit in customer
account, cash withdraw, interest, loans, new accounts, etc. are recorded and processed
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
20/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
on the server. The networked computers have no real meaning in processing other
than acting as client computers in a cloud. (Cloud is a computing environment where
clients have very little processing power and most of the processing is done remotely
on the server. Several clients are connected to this main server cluster. A cloud is
becoming a very popular architecture in business computing.)
The client computer is connected to the server by a software program called
FlexCube. The client computer uses the flexcube client software, while the server has
a flexcube server process running. Every transaction is carried out by means of this
software. Flexcube is a very popular software and it is used almost every bank where a
CBS architecture is used.
Such a type of computing environment is found at almost every Syndicate bank or any
other bank which has implemented the CBS.
As we move on upwards, we come to the Regional office. The regional office is a head
office of that particular bank. For syndicate bank, it is located in Maker Tower, Cuff
Parade, Mumbai. This office maintains every record of the transaction that has
occurred in any of its branches. All the transactions that occur in the syndicate bank
branches are recorded and logged at the main office servers. The main office has
several servers. Every bank branch is connected to this regional office by means of a
leased internet connection.
As the transaction occurs in any of the bank branch it is logged on the branch server.
The branch server forwards this transaction data to the regional office. The regional
office has a database of all the transactions that occur in its branches. This enables the
customer to deposit money at some other branch of syndicate bank, because after all
the data is going to be logged to the regional office. That is why you can have access
to your bank account anywhere in Mumbai or outside belonging to a particular bank.
Reserve bankserversConnected to all banks
Main office
serverOwned by bank
BranchserverOwned by bank
BranchServer
Owned by bank
Branchserver
Owned by bank
Local storage
serverBackups
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
21/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
As we move upwards, we see that there are several back up servers. These backup
servers are found at regional office which takes daily backups of all the data logged
into the servers. This prevents interrupts in the bank transaction and normal operation.
Such an architecture of is commonly used for different banks such as Cosmos bank,
Saraswat bank, ICICI, SBI, etc.
We now reach the topmost level of the CBS. We find the Reserve bank servers. The
reserve bank servers are large in quantity, much more than the main bank office
servers. Tens of servers all used to record and log the transaction of every bank in the
nation. These servers are partially responsible for determining the economic strength
of the nation. At night, after the bank shuts down, the Main office server initiates a
transfer. The transfer of the bank transactions that occurred in its bank branches is
initiated. Every transaction is sent to the reserve bank server. Nothing much about it is
known.
Such a system is also helpful in efficient internet banking system.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
22/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Chapter 4
NETWORKING
A network is, fundamentally, a system of senders and receivers. Any machine capableof communicating on the network is a device or node. A computer network is a
collection of interconnected autonomous computers.
FEATURES OF NETWORKING:-
Fast Speed. Low Cost. Security. Centralized Software Management. Resource Sharing. Electronic Mail. Workgroup Computing.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
23/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
TYPES OF NETWORK:-
1.BASED ON COMPUTING MODEL2.BASED ON GEO-GRAPHICAL AREA
CONDITION
3.BASED ON TOPOLOGIES4.BASED ON SERVER CENTRIC
BASED ON COMPUTING MODELa) Centralized computing model :-Centralized computing is computing done
at a central location, using terminals that are attached to a central computer.The computer itself may control all the peripherals directly (if they are physically
connected to the central computer), or they may be attached via a terminaserver. Alternatively, if the terminals have the capability, they may be able to
connect to the central computer over the network. The terminals may be textterminals or thin clients, for example.
b) Distributed computing model :-
Distributed computing is a field ofcomputer science that studies distributed
systems. A distributed system consists of multiple autonomous computers that
communicate through a computer network. The computers interact with each other in
order to achieve a common goal. A computer program that runs in a distributed
system is called a distributed program, and distributed programming is the
process of writing such programs.
b) Collaborative computing model :-Collaborative computing is a fertile melange of technologies and techniques
which facilitate people working together via computer-assisted means.
LAN - Local Area Network
A LAN connects network devices over a relatively short distance. A networked office
building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN, though sometimes one
building will contain a few small LANs (perhaps one per room), and occasionally a LAN
will span a group of nearby buildings. In TCP/IP networking, a LAN is often but not
always implemented as a single IP subnet.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://compnetworking.about.com/cs/lanvlanwan/g/bldef_lan.htmhttp://compnetworking.about.com/od/tcpip/http://compnetworking.about.com/od/workingwithipaddresses/g/bldef_subnet.htmhttp://compnetworking.about.com/od/workingwithipaddresses/g/bldef_subnet.htmhttp://compnetworking.about.com/od/tcpip/http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/lanvlanwan/g/bldef_lan.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_sciencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_clienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_terminalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_terminal -
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
24/38
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
25/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Bus :-
Single cable acts as backbone to link all devices in the network. Communication
controlled by each device on network. It isconnected by co-axial cable
.
b) Ring :-In this, devices form a ring. No central controller. Message pass around the
ring..Single loop of cable; no terminated ends. It is connected by fiber optic cable.
Also sharing of work is possible , but it share the work in loop only .
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
26/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
c) Mesh :-In this , every device has dedicated point to point link to every other device.
It is simple logical but complex physical topology. In this also sharing of work is
possible . Means anyone can share work with other.
Hybrid-mesh :-
It is nothing but collection or group of two or more than two topologies.
Example. Group of bus and star topology . All above topologies are connected then it
is called as hybrid-mesh.
Based on server centric
1. PEER TO PEER NETWORK
Allow users to share resources and files located on their computers
and to access shared resources found on other computers. All computers
are considered equal.
Examples: Windows for Workgroups
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
27/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
2. CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK
Allow the network to centralize functions and applications in one or
more dedicated file servers. The file servers become the heart of the system.
Examples: Windows 2000 Server.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
28/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
SECTION 2
Chapter 1
HCL SERVICE CENTER (Andheri)
Set-up box is manufactured by THOMPSONS-marketed by Tata-Sky & serviced and repaired
by HCL. These STB's(set-up boxes) come from the entire country & they are about 200-300 or more STB's a
week from around India.
We worked in Tata sky department of HCL during one month of industrial
training.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
29/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Chapter 2
TATA SKY Set Top Box
TATA SKY Set Top Box mainly classified in twotypes as follows
1]MPEG-4
2] MPEG-2
MPEG-2 is sub-grouped into 2 types
A] Surya
b] Saturn
MPEG-4 is quite advantageous rather than MPEG-2 because MPEG-4 has
storing capability up to certain limit. And outer look of MPEG-4 is also attractive than
MPEG-2.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
30/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Chapter 3
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF STB
THE SECTIONS OF STB:-
POWER SUPPLY UNIT:-Power supply section is an external adapter to supply+12v dc to PCB.
AUDIO AND VIDIO SECTION:-Audio section must be amplified by U101 and tuneto a channel with known signal. The DS340 unit has single chip processor
STi5202 which has an internal video DAC that directly creates composite video
waveforms.
SIGNAL SECTION: - The RF SIGNAL is feed from the F-connectors and amplifiedby UZ181and demodulated by UF117.
KEYPAD SECTION:-keypad section consist of connector JX101 with correspondingkeyboard matrix line k0,k1,k2,k3
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
31/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
IMPORTANT PARTS IN STB
1. POWER ICS7.
2. REGULATORS IC
3. FLASH
4. SDRAM
5. MAIN IC (STi5202)
6. AUDIO IC
7. VIDIO IC
8. SMART CARD SLOT
Internal Circuit of a Set-Top Box.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
32/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Chapter 4
STAGES IN STB
The STB passed through following process:-
Cleaning Process QMC Process Repairing Process Soaking Process Final Checking Process
THE FLOWCHART OF STB PROCESSES
Cleaning of the STB.
Punching of STB
Repairing of the STB.
Soaking process.
Quality check
Panel changing.
Final check.
After going through this all processes the STB will get finally dispatch for sale.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
33/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
1. CLEANING PROCESS
Cleaning takes place in the following manner:-
1) Boxes are opened are removed from the bubble bag.
2) MPEG-2 (Saturn, Surya) & MPEG-4 are separately stacked.
3) Unscrewed and screws of MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 are separated.
4) With the help of a tweezers the card reader slot is opened.
5) Then finally cleaning is started.
In cleaning section we have to clean STB with IPA, Colin and cloths. Physica
damage and liquid damage should be checked. We also have to check the cosmetic asper Tata Sky Visual criteria.
Theses are some cleaning products by which the STB mismarks are clean.
After cleaning process all the STB goes towards QMC process for various
checkpoints.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
34/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
2. QC PROCESS
As per STB comes from cleaning process, we checked the query of STB and
identify the fault for it. The following checkpoints should be checked
Check for Digicard detecting. Checking for rust on connectors. Check signal quality and signal strength. Check the latest software version. Check the cosmetic as per Tata Sky Visual Criteria. Check for rust on broad and connector. Check for power on self test. Check audio with both ports.
After going from QC process; STB goes for repairing process
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
35/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
3. REPAIRING PROCESS
These are some normally occurring problems in STB
Repairing of DEAD UNIT Repairing of NO SIGNAL Repairing of NO SIGNAL(Audio) Repairing of Smart Card fault
Some major problems can be occurs in STB are as follows
Satellite Link problem
In repairing section mainly two types of STB comes for repairing i.e. SURYA and
MPEG-4 because production of SATURN is stopped by Tata Sky Set Top Box.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
36/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
I. REPARING OF DEAD UNITWhenever STB get dead; problem must be within power supply section of
STB. The firstly we checked for 12v at power adaptor voltage and if problem is not
there in supply then problem must be within capacitor C403 and C404.
II. REPAIRING OF NO SIGNALThe problem for no signal must be within signal cable and excluding this
the frequency must be within 9750MHz-10600. Excluding this frequency cant be
link by receiver at earth station.
III. REPARING OF NO AUDIOIn no audio signal problem must be within Audio cable. If the problem is
not found in audio cable then problem must be within Ic U6.
IV. REPARING OF SMART CARD FAULTIn smart card fault connectors J1 and J6 must be damaged or pushed. If
there are no visual defaults problem must be within Ic U1.
After repairing process, STB goes for soaking process and if any fault
found in soaking, again it comes for repairing process.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
37/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
ST.XAVIERS TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
4.SOAKING PROCESS
In this process STB are set for soaking process for more than 4 hours. This is
final checking before STB get dispatch from service center.
In this process we checked for following stages:-
Video freezing Audio distortion Keypad section Signal strength and signal quality checking
If this test fails, then forward the product to pervious repair stages.
If this test passes, forward the STB to final testing process.
-
8/4/2019 Hcl Report (Pre Final)
38/38
HINDUSTAN COMPUTERS LIMITED
5. FINAL TESTING PROCESS
This is the final process before dispatchingSTB.
The checkpoints for the final testing process is as follows
Check serial no. and Nds. No Panel changing Checking of audio section Checking of video section Checking of keypad section
After this process, STB get dispatch from service center of STB. Tata sky
sell this STB as new one and this recycling process goes on.