Hazardous Waste 1 Ppt

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CONFIDENTIAL: PROPERTY OF ISPAT INDUSTRIES LIMITED 1

PRESENTATION ON RECYCLING OF HAZARDOUS WASTES




INTRODUCTION

• A hazardous waste is the waste that poses substantial or potential threats to public health, damage the property or the environment

• Hazardous wastes can be in the state of solids, gases, liquids, or semi-liquids .




HOW TO CHARCTERISE HAZARDOUS WASTE

• Ignitable wastes can create fires under certain conditions, are spontaneously combustible . Example-waste oils and used solvents .

• Corrosive wastes are acids or bases that are capable of corroding metal containers, such as storage tanks, drums, and barrels. Example-Battery acid .

• Reactive wastes are unstable under "normal" conditions. They can cause explosions, toxic fumes, gases, or vapors when heated, compressed, or mixed with water. Examples include lithium-sulfur batteries and explosives .

• Toxic wastes are those containing concentrations of certain substances in excess of regulatory thresholds which are expected to cause injury or illness to human health or the environment.




SOURCES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE• Industrialized nations with strict environmental regulations export

more than two million tons of hazardous waste for disposal in poorer developing nations with less stringent waste disposal oversight. Developed nations also locate large corporate, industrial, and military facilities in countries that have lax environmental restrictions.

• Agriculture produces such wastes as pesticides and herbicides and the materials used in their application. Fluoride wastes are by-products of phosphate fertilizer production. Even soluble nitrates from manure may dissolve into groundwater and contaminate drinking-water wells; high levels of nitrates may cause health problems.

• Household sources of hazardous wastes include toxic paints, flammable solvents, caustic cleaners, toxic batteries, pesticides, drugs, and mercury from broken fever thermometers. Local waste-disposal systems may refuse these items. If they are accepted, careful monitoring may be contaminated.required to make sure soil or groundwater is not contaminated.




FEW EXAMPLES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE




Waste which can cause danger to health like:

• Physical • Chemical • Reactive • Toxic • Flammable, explosive or corrosive

HAZARDOUS WASTE DEFINITION




Toxic wastes

• Poisonous substances harmful when touched, inhaled or ingested

• Toxicity is determined by TCLP test

Heavy metals like lead, mercury, chromium

• Pesticides etc

CHARACTERISTICS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES




Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

• Developed by US EPA in 1980 • To determine toxicity of the waste

Simulating the conditions in landfill and how they effect the waste over an extended time

How much toxicity leaches from the waste and enter in to the environment

• Includes Mercury, Lead , Chromium and other hazardous wastes / materials

What is TCLP Test?




CHARACTERISTICS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES




SOURCES OF HAZARDOUS WASTES




EFFECTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

• Hazardous wastes may pollute soil, air, surface water, or underground water.

• Air may become contaminated by direct emission of hazardous wastes. Evaporation of toxic solvents from paints and cleaning agents is a common problem.

• If rivers and lakes are polluted and become toxic enough, they may kill animal and plant life immediately, or it may injure slowly. For example, fluoride concentrates in teeth and bone, and too much fluoride in water may cause dental and bone problem.

• Bio-magnification and bioaccumulation of hazardous substance may occur.




AIM OF RECYCLING HAZARDOUS WASTE

To promote the protection of health and the environment and to conserve valuable material and energy resources.




DIPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTERecycling :

• Many hazardous waste can be recycled into new products. • Examples might include lead-acid batteries or electronic circuit

boards where the heavy metals can be recovered and used in new products.

• Another example is the ash generated by coal-fired power plants; these plants produced two types of these residues: fly and bottom ash. Fly ash particles have a low density, are very fine, and are removed by air pollution control devices. On the other side, bottom ash is a dense, dark, gravely substance that remains on the bottom of combustion chambers.

• After these types of ashes go though the proper treatment, they could bind to other pollutants and convert them into easier-to- dispose solids, or they could be used as pavement filling.

• Such treatments reduce the level of threat of harmful chemicals, like fly and bottom ash, while also recycling the safe product and helping the environment.




Portland cement : Another commonly used treatment is cement based solidification and stabilization. Cement is used because it can treat a range of hazardous wastes by improving physical characteristics and decreasing the toxicity and transmission of contaminantsNeutralization : Some HW can be processed so that the hazardous component of the waste is eliminated. making it a non-hazardous waste. An example of this might include a corrosive acid that is neutralized with a basic substance so that it is no-longer corrosiveIncineration, destruction and waste-to-energy : Hazardous waste may be destroyed by incinerating it at a high temperature.Pyrolysis : Some hazardous waste types may be eliminated using pyrolisis in an ultra high temperature electrical arc, in inert conditions to avoid combustion.




DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE




HAZARDOUS WASTE RECYCLING BENEFITS HAZARDOUS WASTE reuse, recycling, and reclamation can avoid

environmental hazards, protect scarce natural resources, provide economic benefits, and reduce the nation's reliance on raw materials and energy.

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS : Recycling hazardous waste fulfills two of RCRA's goals by reducing the consumption of raw materials and by reducing the volume of waste materials that must be treated and disposed of. Recycling hazardous waste can mean less air, water, and soil pollution associated with the extraction, refining, and processing of raw materials. Recycling also can reduce emissions of greenhouse gases.

ECONOMIC BENEFITS : Recycling hazardous waste can increase production efficiency and reduce costs associated with purchasing raw materials and waste management. By recycling hazardous materials, a business may be able to eliminate the generation of hazardous waste and avoid RCRA regulatory requirements altogether. A business may also benefit from the positive or "green" image associated with hazardous waste recycling efforts




HOW HAZARDOUS WASTES CAN BE REDUCED ?

• STEP 1 : First, determine how your waste is regulated • STEP 2 : Consider using cost-accounting tools. • STEP 3 : Choose a responsible recycler. • STEP 4 : Confirm your waste will be legitimately recycled. • STEP 5 : Consider participating in an EPA Program • STEP 6 : Keep track of your recycling success!




EARTH ALLOWS YOU TO STAND. LET THE EARTH STAND THE WAY IT IS.




THANK YOU

Hazardous Waste 1 Ppt

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