Hayes Handpiece Franchises Inc. Pneumatic Lowspeed Motors ...

CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF HAYES HANDPIECE FRANCHISES INC.

1

Hayes Handpiece Franchises Inc.

Pneumatic Lowspeed Motors Product Training Manual

Summer 2006

Version 1.2



2

Table of contents LOWSPEED MOTORS Chapter 1—Lowspeed overview and applications…………………………… 3 Chapter 2—Lowspeed functions and features………………………………. 5 Chapter 3—Dental burs …………………………………………………….. 6 Chapter 4—Midwest turbine motors (Tru Torc and Shorty) ……………….. 7 Chapter 5—Midwest vane motor (Rhino)…………………………………… 21 Chapter 6—Star Titan Motors ……………………………………………… 27 Chapter 7—Kavo 2300 Series vane motors………………………………… 36 Chapter 8—Kavo E Type vane motors……………………………………… 43 Chapter 9—Other E Type vane motors……………..……………..……….. 47 Chapter 10—T-Type motors…………………………………………………...48 Chapter 11—One piece motors………………………………………………...49 Chapter 12—Hygiene motors………………………………………………….50 Chapter 13—Prophy angles…………………………………………………….51


3

Chapter 1—Lowspeed motors overview and procedures


4

Lowspeed dental procedures Out of the mouth adjustments Lowspeeds are used for out of the mouth adjustments to adjust a denture, crown, bridge, mouth guard, or other appliance prior to installing it in the mouth. The most common configuration is a straight air motor or motor with a straight attachment with a madrel bur. These bur shank sizes are the same as a Dremmel. Many offices have evolved to using an electric lab motor for these procedures as they have more torque and they are more precise. In the mouth selective decay removal One of the biggest rules in dentistry is to not remove healthy tooth structure if you don’t have to. Humans get one set of teeth in their lives and keeping the original ones is always the best solution. Therefore, when doing proce-dures such as cavity preparations, most dentists use a highspeed to remove the bulk of the decay and then finish the procedure with a lowspeed. The lowspeed since it is going on average 5,000 RPM, it does not cut through healthy tooth structure. It will only remove softer decay and when it runs up against healthy enamel it bounces off allowing the dentist to finish the cavity prep with confidence. The control that the lowspeed systems provides also prevents cutting too deep in the tooth during a cavity prepara-tion which could expose the nerve/pulp of the tooth causing a root canal. Prophy The lowspeed system has strong torque at low speeds which is crucial for a prophy (teeth cleaning) which requires a rotary rubber cup polishing the tooth. A highspeed handpiece could never accomplish this as it does not have enough control or torque at lower speeds. Endodontics Endodontics (sometimes referred to as “Endo”) is the specialty of root canals. Lowspeeds are more and more being used to perform the root canal treatment. Previous to the handpiece, dentists used hand files to clean out the nerve of the tooth using a back and forth motion. This was a tedious procedure and taxing on the hands. Using a rotary instrument provides a faster procedure and it less taxing on the hands. In order to perform a root canal with a handpiece, the RPM’s must not exceed 500 as the files used in the hand-pieces can break off in the canal.


5

Chapter 2—Overview of lowspeed functions and features Forward and reverse Unlike highspeeds, most lowspeeds have a forward and reverse valve. Lowspeeds have so much torque that the bur can often get embedded in the tooth and needs to be reversed to remove. The reverse function is also used during endodontic procedures to remove the file.

Coolant air and water Most lowspeed motors do not have coolant air and water. The reason is that it is not generally needed at lowspeeds. When the lowspeed motors were first manufactured many of them were made to have coolant air and water with external tubes and clips. However, the cumbersome nature of the external water systems proved to be more hassle than they were worth. Most dentists cap off the water tubes on the motor if they exist and most of the newer motors do not even come with the option. While coolant air and water is not crucial to the function of the lowspeed like it is for the highspeed, it is a nice feature to have if it is internal. The Kavo 2300 series is the most popular motor which has coolant air and water as it is internal like a highspeed. This allows the doctor to clean the tooth as he/she cuts. Kavo now makes internal water systems for some of their other popular E type motors and NSK has developed a few models as well. Fiber optics Most lowspeed motors do not have fiber optics. The reason is that they are generally not needed and to engineer a motor to have fiber optics is much more difficult to do as most motors are modular with removable attachments. The Kavo 2300 series motor and the 181 LUX motor are the most popular fiber optic motors on the market.

Forward and reverse valve

Midwest Tru Torc with capped off external water tubes Later model Midwest

Shorty without any ex-ternal water tubes

Kavo 2300 series with internal water and fiber optics


6

Burrs come in three different shank styles as follows: Friction Grip (used in highspeeds and lowspeeds) These burs shanks will work in a highspeed and a lowspeed friction grip head. They also come with different lengths of shanks including short shank and long shank (surgical). Latch (used in lowspeed heads only) These burs will only work in a latch chucking mechanisms which is found only in lowspeeds. The advantage is that the latching mechanism locks in the head better than a friction grip which prevents slippage that can be a problem due to the high torque of a lowspeed motor. This is the most popular lowspeed bur for in the mouth procedures. Grinding/Mandrel (used in lowspeed straight attachments or one piece straight motors) These burs will only work in a straight attachment on a lowspeed or an electric lab motor. They are primarily used for out of the mouth adjustments to grind dentures, bridges or crowns. The shank size is the same as that as a pro-phy head or a universal contra angle.

Chapter 3—Dental Burs

Friction grip burs from left to right: Diamond coated short shank, surgical long shank, short shank

Latch burs from left to right: short shank, long shank, various endodon-tic files (root canal), prophy latch bur

latch

Shank sizes are the same


7

Shorty II

Drive air Forward and reverse

Pilot shaft output to the attachment

Shorty 2 speed with straight attachment (configured for out of the mouth adjustments).

Shorty 1 speed with contra angle and latch head (configured for in the mouth selective decay)

Shorty 1 speed with straight attachment and reusable prohy angle (configured for prophy teeth cleaning)

Shorty and Tru Torc 2 speed shifting collar funtion

Collar in the high speed (no gap) Collar in the low speed (see gap)

0 to 30,000 RPM 0 to 6000 RPM

0 to 6000 RPM in the lowspeed configuration and 0 to 30,000 RPM in the highspeed configuration

The speed range for the Shorty is controlled by the foot control. There is no in-between with the speed shifting collar, it is in either high or low. The most common speed range for dentists is the low speed configuration. Many times Shorty 2 motors are sent into Hayes for repair and the speed shifting collar is stuck in the lowspeed configuration as the Dentist often does not even know that the highspeed configuration exists.

Chapter 4—Midwest Turbine Motors

Shorty I

0 to 6000 RPM

Speed changing ring (2 speed only)

Exhaust

Attachment latch release

Features and functions for the Shorty

Shorty motors only work with Midwest attachments

Midwest Shorty


8

Shorty Attachments Overview

Configured for in the mouth prophy

Configured for out of the mouth adjustments

Straight Attachment

Contra Angle Attachment with Latch Head

Configured for in the mouth selective decay removal

While the attachments will be covered more extensively in the next few chapters, below is an overview of the most common attachments for a Midwest motor

Overview and insight into the Shorty The Midwest Shorty was developed over 20 years ago and is still sold today. It is a very popular motor. It was the replacement to the Midwest Tru Torc which was too long when configured for selective decay removal. The driving force in the handpiece is a turbine similar to a highspeed handpiece. The design uses a 2 sets of drive rings which act as a transmission to step the turbine RPM down from 150,000 to 6,000. The 2 speed Shorty uses a clutch to bypass the second set of drive rings enabling the shaft output to run on the same RPM as the first set of drive rings which is up to 30,000 RPM. Most of the failures occurs in the turbine which is the part of the motor which is moving at the fastest RPM. The angle that the hose connects to the handpiece is awkward for some dentists who prefer the direct angle that the typical vane motor provides.


9

Tru Torc 2 speed configured for out of the mouth adjustments

Shorty 2 speed with straight attachment (configured for out of the mouth adjustments).

Shorty 1 speed with contra angle and latch head (configured for in the mouth selective decay)

Tru Torc 2 speed with universal latch angle configured for In the mouth selective decay

Explanation of why Midwest discontinued the Tru Torc and developed the Shorty

The main reason Midwest developed the Shorty is because the Tru Torc in the configuration for in the mouth selective decay was too long and unwieldy as shown in the upper left picture. The other problem with the motor was the tightening rod which bends and the difficulty in changing burs/prophys with the motor stop and chucks system. That is because the Tru Torc is essentially a motor with a fixed straight attachment and the shorty is a modular motor which fits the attach-ments directly to the motor. While the Tru Torc is no longer made by Midwest, there are still quite a few of them around that need repair.


10

Midwest Tru Torc 1 and 2 speed (both discontinued from Midwest)

Features and components

Forward and reverse

Drive air

Exhaust

Tightening rod

External water (capped off)

Shifting collar (2 speed only)

Motor stop Lock nut

Removable sheath

Tru Torc with sheath and tightening rod removed

Serial number

Sheath Tightening rod

Tru Torc 2 speed

Tru Torc 1 speed

Tru Torc 2 speed configured for out of the mouth adjustments

Tru Torc 2 speed configured for in the mouth prophy

Tru Torc 2 speed with latch angle sheath configured for in the mouth selective decay

Tru Torc 2 speed with universal latch angle configured for In the mouth selective decay


11

Midwest Tru Torc Attachments/Heads

Straight Sheath

The straight sheath is hollow and covers the front end of the motor. It has no moving parts and was designed to be removed for sterilization so the entire motor did not have to be sterilized. It has a prophy pin which is designed to hold prophy angles and universal angles in place. Universal notches

which fit on prophy stop pin

Universal contra angle

The universal contra angle is designed for any one piece mo-tor in addition to the Tru Torc. Many companies make these angles and they are generally not repairable. Hayes sells new ones. It is designed for in the mouth selective decay. The angle fits on the end of the straight sheath and the drive shaft fits into the chuck of the motor and the prophy pin in the sheath fits inside the universal notch and prevents the angle from spinning (helicoptering) on the sheath. The most common bur used in the angel is a latch bur.

Drive shaft

Latch bur release and lock

Latch angle sheath

The latch sheath fits on the motor in place of the straight sheath. It is used for in the mouth selective decay. We can often repair the bearings and gears in the head without replacing the entire sheath. The most common bur used in the head is a latch bur.

Latch bur release

Overview of the Tru Torc The Tru Torc has been around for more than 25 years and was replaced by the Shorty because it was long and unwieldy in the selective decay mode. Midwest does not make it or repair it anymore. There are still quite a few of the motors in the market and Hayes still repairs them. Many dentists prefer the Tru Torc to the Shorty claiming it is more comfortable and more powerful even though the turbine is the same as that as the Shorty. The motor was designed before the advent of sterilization. Therefore, many offices just sterilize the sheath on the mo-tor. If the Tru Torc is the locking nut which holds the sheath on the motor and provides a swivel for the handpiece often freezes up rendering the handpiece useless. It will also be impossible to read the serial number as it is under the sheath. Some dentists do not like the spinning tightening rod of the Tru Torc and most hygienists do not like them for prohys.


12

Midwest Turbine Motors Broken Down

Midwest Shorty (1 and 2) and Tru Torc (1 and 2) Sub Assemblies

Shorty disassembled into two sub assem-blies: (A) Turbine assembly and rear body housing, and (B) Drive train (the front body housing, transmission, and drive shaft)

A

B

Turbine assembly

Components of the Shorty/Tru Torc turbine assembly (Applies to single and dual speed motors)

Top view Side View

Bottom view Turbine without raceway or narrow drive rings

Raceway

Narrow drive rings

Spindle

Top bearing (beneath raceway)

Impeller

Raceway

Impeller

Bottom bearing

Bottom of spindle

Top of the flanged spindle (with race)

A B

Top bearing (flanged)

Threads to mate with motor housing

A

B

Tru Torc disassembled into two sub assem-blies: (A) Turbine assembly and rear body housing, and (B) Drive train (the front body housing, transmission, drive shaft, sheath, and chuck.


13

Midwest Shorty/Tru Torc Turbine components

Narrow drive rings

Spindle

Top bearing Bottom bearing

Impeller

Raceway

Overview of the turbine and what Hayes repairs on the turbine. The turbine is what creates the power for the mo-tor. The impeller drives the spindle which turns at 150,000 RPM and the narrow drive rings orbit the spindle at a much lower RPM of 30,000. This concept is what reduces RPM’s and increases torque. While the Shorty and Tru Torc turbines do not go as fast as a highspeed handpiece, they are still spinning upwards of 150,000 RPM. They do not experience the same side load issues or debris aspiration as a highspeed but the bearings, spindle, and drive rings do wear and break. This is the main source of failures for Shorty and Tru Torc motors. If the bearings are blown or the drive rings are broken the motor will not operate. Therefore, we always replace the bearings, drive rings, and spindle every time we overhaul a motor. We reuse the impeller and raceway if possible as the impeller as they generally do not wear.

A

B A B

Drive dog plate and bearings (they fit inside the narrow drive rings of the turbine shown above in subassem-bly A)

Attachment latch/release


Drive train

Rear body housing and turbine

Midwest Shorty drive train breakdown

B

B

B


14

Drive dog plate (30,000 RPM)

Drive dog bearings

Wide drive rings (6,000 RPM)

Drive shaft with bearings which meets up with the output from the wide drive rings at 6,000RPM.

The drive dog bearings of the drive dog plate meet up with the narrow drive rings in the tur-bine which are going 30,000 RPM. The drive dog plate spindle race turns the wide drive rings which orbit the spindle race of the drive dog plate at 6,000 RPM.

Shaft output to the attachment

Drive shaft without bearings

Bearings

Drive dog plate

Raceway

Transmission (not pictured) is used to bypass the wide drive rings and switch the motor from high to low configuration for Shorty 2 speeds only running at the same RPM as the narrow drive rings.

Overview of the drive train and what Hayes repairs. The bearings and wear components of the drive train on a Shorty 1 and 2 spin at a much lower RPM than the turbine. The bearings in the drive train are larger and have metal cages which do not fail nearly as often as the turbine bearings. Therefore, we do not replace every bearing on the drive shaft during a rebuild as they are generally not the reason the motor failed and are generally reusable. The drive dog bearings are generally replaced during every rebuild and the narrow drive rings are replaced as needed.

Spindle race (30,000RPM) Clutch (2 sp only)

Main spindle bearing

Front pilot tube bearing


15

Bearings

Drive shaft without bearings

Chuck (removed from shaft)

Drive dog plate

Clutch (not pictured) is used to switch the motor to high speed configuration for Tru Torc 2 speeds only.

Chuck which grips the bur, universal latch angle, or prohy

Tightening rod

Drive shaft bearings

Midwest Tru Torc drive train breakdown

The components, RPM’s and principles are the same for the Tru Torc and Shorty. The main difference is that the Tru Torc has a longer drive shaft and a chucking system to connect directly to a bur, prophy, or universal contra angle. The Shorty drive shaft output connects to a straight or angle attachment.

Drive dog plate (30,000 RPM)

Drive dog bearings

Wide drive rings (6,000 RPM)

Raceway

Spindle race (30,000RPM)

Motor lock button

Lock crown


16

Rethreads Unlike highspeeds that have too thin of shells to rethread, 4 hole lowspeeds can be rethreaded. The most typical rethreads include Midwest Tru Torcs, Shortys, Star 4 hole motors, and Champion Little Guys. The reason that low-speeds need to be rethreaded is that most of the time the motors are not removed from the hose for sterilization. The attachments are removed and sterilized. The handpieces are usually sprayed with a disinfectant which seeps down between the threads of the handpiece and creates a bond between the handpiece threads which are usually aluminum and the steel collar of the hose. This can either permanently attach the two components together permanently and the only way to get the handpiece off the hose is to cut it and take the handpiece with the collar back to the shop where the collar of the hose is heated with a torch and essentially twisted off the handpiece completely destroying the threads of the handpiece in the process. The other reason a lowspeed motor need rethreading is simple cross threading from taking it off of the steel collar from the hose which threads are harder than that of the handpiece. When Hayes rethreads a lowspeed, the worn or stripped threads are completely removed with a lathe. A new stainless steel threaded ferrule is then glued back on to the handpiece which will last much longer than the original aluminum threads.

Shorty back end with aluminum threads removed

Stainless steel fer-rule

Shorty back end with stainless steel ferrule glued on.


17

What Hayes repairs on Midwest Turbine Motors Midwest Shorty 1 Turbine Since the turbine rotates up to 150,000 rpm, the turbine bearings wear and break and are replaced every time dur-ing an overhaul. The bearings are the same size and are made out of the same material as a highspeed bearing. The spindle wears as well but is not replaced every time during an overhaul depending upon how worn it is. The narrow drive rings rotate up to 30,000 rpm and they are compressed to prevent slippage in the motor. There-fore, they are replaced every time during an overhaul as they often wear and break which seizes the motor. The impeller like a highspeed impeller does not wear. However, unlike a highspeed impeller, Midwest turbine mo-tor impellers do bend from time to time and are replaced when warped. Dismantled bearing components can also damage the impeller. The raceway does not generally wear or need to be replaced. Drive train The drive dog bearings are the smallest bearings in the motor and even though they don’t generally wear they are replaced every time during an overhaul. The wide drive rings in the motor transmission are rotating up to 6,000 rpm and are checked for wear but are not replaced every time during an overhaul. The drive shaft bearings are rotating up to 6,000 rpm, are significantly larger than highspeed bearings, and they have steel cages therefore they are cleaned and reused most of the time. The main drive shaft is not a wear part and is rarely replaced in an overhaul. Body housing The rear body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the front body housing get stripped. In the event this happens, there is an additional charge in addition to the overhaul price. The rear body housing which hooks up to the unit hose does require a rethread from time to time. This is generally included in an overhaul and billed only if that is the only work being done on the handpiece. The forward and reverse valve rarely needs to be replaced on the rear body housing. If this item needs to be re-placed, it is not included in an overhaul. The latch housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the rear body housing are stripped or pilot tube strips out. In the event this component needs to be replaced, it is not included in an overhaul.


18

What Hayes repairs on Midwest Turbine Motors Midwest Shorty 2 Turbine Since the turbine rotates up to 150,000 rpm, the turbine bearings wear and break and are replaced every time dur-ing an overhaul. The bearings are the same size and are made out of the same material as a highspeed bearing. The spindle wears as well but is not replaced every time during an overhaul depending upon how worn it is. The narrow drive rings rotate up to 30,000 rpm and they are compressed to prevent slippage in the motor. There-fore, they are replaced every time during an overhaul as they often wear and break which seizes the motor. The impeller like a highspeed impeller does not wear. However, unlike a highspeed impeller, Midwest turbine mo-tor impellers do bend from time to time and are replaced when bent. The raceway does not generally wear or need to be replaced. Drive train The drive dog bearings are the smallest bearings in the motor and even though they don’t generally wear they are replaced every time during an overhaul. The wide drive rings in the motor transmission are rotating up to 6,000 rpm and are checked for wear but are not replaced every time during an overhaul. The drive shaft bearings are rotating up to 6,000 rpm, are significantly larger than highspeed bearings, and they have steel cages therefore they are cleaned and reused most of the time. The main drive shaft is not a wear part and is rarely replaced in an overhaul. Transmission/clutch plate???? - Sped change ring???? Body housing The rear body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the front body housing get stripped. In the event this happens, there is an additional charge in addition to the overhaul price. The rear body housing which hooks up to the unit hose does require a rethread from time to time. This is generally included in an overhaul and billed only if that is the only work being done on the handpiece. The forward and reverse valve rarely needs to be replaced on the rear body housing. If this item needs to be re-placed, it is not included in an overhaul. The front body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the rear body housing are stripped. In the event this component needs to be replaced, it is not included in an overhaul.


19

What Hayes repairs on Midwest Turbine Motors Midwest Tru Torc 1 Turbine Since the turbine rotates up to 150,000 rpm, the turbine bearings wear and break and are replaced every time dur-ing an overhaul. The bearings are the same size and are made out of the same material as a highspeed bearing. The spindle wears as well but is not replaced every time during an overhaul depending upon how worn it is. The narrow drive rings rotate up to 30,000 rpm and they are compressed to prevent slippage in the motor. There-fore, they are replaced every time during an overhaul as they often wear and break which seizes the motor. The impeller like a highspeed impeller does not wear. However, unlike a highspeed impeller, Midwest turbine mo-tor impellers do bend from time to time and are replaced when bent. The raceway does not generally wear or need to be replaced. Drive train The drive dog bearings are the smallest bearings in the motor and even though they don’t generally wear they are replaced every time during an overhaul. The wide drive rings in the motor transmission are rotating up to 6,000 rpm and are checked for wear but are not replaced every time during an overhaul. The drive shaft bearings are rotating up to 6,000 rpm, are significantly larger than highspeed bearings, and they have steel cages therefore they are cleaned and reused most of the time. The main drive shaft is not a wear part and is rarely replaced in an overhaul. The straight sheath is replaced as needed and is not included in the overhaul. The locking nut is replaced as needed and included in the overhaul. The chuck is replaced if needed and is included in the overhaul. The tightening rod is replaced if bent or as needed and is included in the overhaul. Body housing The rear body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the front body housing get stripped. In the event this happens, there is an additional charge in addition to the overhaul price. The rear body housing does require a rethread from time to time. This is generally included in an overhaul and billed only if that is the only work being done on the handpiece. The forward and reverse valve rarely needs to be replaced on the rear body housing. If this item needs to be re-placed, it is not included in an overhaul. The front body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the rear body housing are stripped. In the event this component needs to be replaced, it is not included in an overhaul.


20

What Hayes repairs on Midwest Turbine Motors Midwest Tru Torc 2 Turbine Since the turbine rotates up to 150,000 rpm, the turbine bearings wear and break and are replaced every time dur-ing an overhaul. The bearings are the same size and are made out of the same material as a highspeed bearing. The spindle wears as well but is not replaced every time during an overhaul depending upon how worn it is. The narrow drive rings rotate up to 30,000 rpm and they are compressed to prevent slippage in the motor. There-fore, they are replaced every time during an overhaul as they often wear and break which seizes the motor. The impeller like a highspeed impeller does not wear. However, unlike a highspeed impeller, Midwest turbine mo-tor impellers do bend from time to time and are replaced when bent. The raceway does not generally wear or need to be replaced. Drive train The drive dog bearings are the smallest bearings in the motor and even though they don’t generally wear they are replaced every time during an overhaul. The wide drive rings in the motor transmission are rotating up to 6,000 rpm and are checked for wear but are not replaced every time during an overhaul. The drive shaft bearings are rotating up to 6,000 rpm, are significantly larger than highspeed bearings, and they have steel cages therefore they are cleaned and reused most of the time. The main drive shaft is not a wear part and is rarely replaced in an overhaul. The chuck is replaced if needed and is included in the overhaul. The tightening rod is replaced if bent or as needed and is included in the overhaul. The straight sheath is replaced at an additional charge. The locking nut is replaced as needed and included in the overhaul. The clutch in the transmission is replaced as needed. The speed changing ring is replaced as needed. Body housing The rear body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the front body housing get stripped. In the event this happens, there is an additional charge in addition to the overhaul price. The rear body housing does require a rethread from time to time. This is generally included in an overhaul and billed only if that is the only work being done on the handpiece. The forward and reverse valve rarely needs to be replaced on the rear body housing. If this item needs to be re-placed, it is not included in an overhaul. The front body housing only needs to be replaced if the internal threads that meet up with the rear body housing are stripped. In the event this component needs to be replaced, it is not included in an overhaul.


21

Chapter 5—Midwest Rhino (Vane Motor)

0 to 8,000 RPM—4 hole connection only Rhino with straight attachment configured for out of the mouth adjustments

Rhino with contra angle and latch head configured for in the mouth selective decay removal

Rhino with straight attachment configured for in the mouth prophy (teeth cleaning)

Features and functions of the Rhino

Only works with Midwest Attachments

Drive air

Exhaust

Forward and reverse


Attachment release

Configured for in the mouth prophy

Configured for out of the mouth adjustments

Straight Attachment

Contra Angle Attachment with Latch Head

Configured for in the mouth selective decay removal

Midwest Rhino Attachments


22

Midwest Rhino breakdown

A

B

C

D

A—Gear reduction assembly B—Motor assembly C—Back end (forward and reverse valve) D—Outer housing/sheath

A B

Midwest Rhino Overview The Midwest Rhino was Midwest’s answer to the Star Titan motor. The Rhino is a vane motor like the Star and it has the same hose connection angle. It uses the same attachments as the Shorty and starts up at lower pressure. It is preferred to the Shorty by hygienists for hygiene. A vane motor operates similar to a paddle boat with air traveling perpendicular to the vanes turning the rotor as-sembly. The output from the motor assembly on the Rhino goes through a transmission with planetary/idler gears which reduces the RPM’s of the motor from 32,000 to 8,000 at the shaft output which meets up with the motor. With air driven motors, the lower the RPM the higher the torque.


23

Subassembly A—Gear reduction assembly

Rear view Front view

Ring gear

Planetary/idler gears

Bearings Pilot shaft which meets up with the attachment

Reduction assembly disassembled


Ring gear

Bearings

Gear plate assembly

Subassembly B—Motor assembly

Side view Motor disassembled

Sun gear

Rotor housing

Vanes

Front plate and bearing

Rear plate

Bearing

Sun gear

Rotor housing

Rotor

Vanes

Rear plate

Bearing

Motor with rear plate and bearing removed Motor with rear plate removed from the top view

Forward air intake Reverse air intake

Backend/forward and reverse valve

Drive air Exhaust

Forward and reverse valve


24

Rhino Body housing/sheath

Hollow sheath from the rear Hollow sheath from the front

Threads which meet up with the back end

Attachment release ( push on red dot)


25

What Hayes repairs on Midwest Rhino Motors Gear Reduction Assembly Inspect and replace bearings and c-clip. Motor assembly Replace vanes as needed. Replace both bearings and sand motor housing to mirror like finish for smooth operation. Body housing and back end Threaded housing can be replaced, body housing cannot. Dents may be removed.


26

Repair pricing for Midwest Lowspeed Motors Midwest Shorty Hayes overhaul price ________ Warranty ________ Midwest overhaul price ______ Warranty________ Hayes rear body housing replacement price _______ Midwest rear body housing replacement price _______ Hayes rethread policy and price ___________________________ Midwest rethread policy and price _________________________ Midwest Tru Torc Hayes overhaul price ________ Warranty ________ Midwest overhaul price ______ Warranty________ Hayes rear body housing replacement price _______ Midwest rear body housing replacement price _______ Hayes rethread policy and price ___________________________ Midwest rethread policy and price _________________________ Midwest Rhino Hayes overhaul price ________ Warranty ________ Midwest overhaul price ______ Warranty________ Hayes rear body housing replacement price _______ Midwest rear body housing replacement price _______ Hayes rethread policy and price ___________________________ Midwest rethread policy and price _________________________


27

From left to right: 5,000RPM 2/3 hole backend, 5,000 RPM 4 hole backend, 5,000 RPM swivel back end, 20,000 RPM swivel back end (note the short length), torque multiplier, and a 4 hole swivel in the front.

5,000 RPM swivel motor with straight attachment

5,000 RPM 4 hole backend with motor to angle adapter and push button head

20,000 RPM swivel motor with torque multiplier and straight attachment with prophy

Chapter 6—Star Titan Motors

Star Titan Motor Overview The Star Titan vane motors are a very popular. They have been manufacturing the motors for over 20 years. They have a reputation for high quality and longevity. The repair is a favorite of most technicians as it is straight forward and many of the parts can be reused such as the rotor housing which is made out of stainless steel. Star has 2 main motors, the 5K and the 20K. They also manufacture a torque multiplier which is a set of plane-tary gears much like the transmission in the 5K motor.


28

A B

A

B

C

D

Star 5,000RPM Motor Break Down


A—Gear reduction assembly B—Motor assembly C—Back end D—Body housing/sheath

Gear reduction assembly (rear view)

Gear reduction assembly (front view)


Ring gear

Ring gear

Bearing Crown gear (meets up with attachment)


Gear plate assembly

Gear reduction assembly disassembled

Bearing

The gear reduction assembly reduces the RPM of the motor from 20,000 to 5,000 using planetary gears which orbit around the sun gear from the motor. These gears do wear as well as the shaft bearing.

A B

The motor (B) rotates at 20,000 RPM via air pushing the vanes at a right angle through the rotor housing and exiting out of the other end of the rotor housing depending upon if the motor is in forward or reverse. During the overhaul the motor is completely broken down and all com-ponents are inspected and replaced as needed. The main wear compo-nents are the vane springs and the vanes. The vanes are made out of a plastic and are replaced from time to time. The motor bearings are rather large and have metal cage and often do not need to be replaced.


29


Sun gear (meets up with planetary gears) Vanes

Assembled side view

Rotor housing Rotor housing

Disassembled motor assembly

Rotor Vanes

Locking nut Bearings (not pictured) (inside plates)

Motor assembly with rear plate removed

Rotor

Rotor housing

Vanes

Rear plate

Bearing Rotor housing

Rotor Rear plate

Bearing

Front plate (with bearing inside and not shown)

Rotor with front and rear plates and bearings Rotor and vanes

Rotor Vanes

Spring hole Air hits the vanes here


30

Rotor housings

Side view Side view Top view

Note: Scarring inside housing

Exhaust air in forward, and drive air in reverse

Exhaust air in reverse, and drive air in forward

Air intake/exhaust

The rotor housing is made out of stainless steel and rarely needs to be replaced.


31

Back end/forward and reverse

Drive air

Exhaust

Air intake/exhaust Forward/reverse

Drive air Exhaust

Forward/reverse

Forward and reverse

Swivel back end

4 hole back end

Swivel back end

Hollow body housing/sheath

Threads which meet up with the back end

Front end which meets up with the attachment

The body housings are not a wear part and rarely need to be replaced.

The rear ends are a valve which switches air flow to change the direction of the motor from forward to reverse. The backend is not a wear part and is only replaced if it is a 4 hole and the threads are stripped and need to be re-placed.


32

What Hayes Repairs on the 5,000 RPM Motors Gear reduction assembly We inspect the idler/planetary, sun, and ring gear for wear and replace as necessary. We inspect and replace the main gear reduction assembly bearing as needed. We inspect and rarely replace the crown gear. Motor assembly We inspect and replace the vanes as they are made out of a plastic (peek or polyamide similar to material in high-speed bearing cages) and they do wear as they rub against the rotor housing. We inspect and replace the vane springs as well as retrofit older rotors that do not have springs by drilling holes and installing springs. We inspect and rarely replace the rotor housing as it is made out of stainless steel and rarely wears. We inspect and rarely replace the front motor bearings as they are rather large and the cages of the bearings are made out of metal. We replace the rear motor bearing often. Body housing/back end We inspect and rarely replace the housing of the motor as it is not a wear part. We inspect and rarely replace the backends. We do rethread 4 hole back ended motors if needed.


33

Star Titan 20,000 (Vane motor)

The only difference between a Star 5K motor and 20K motor is that the 20K does not have a gear reduction assem-bly with planetary/idler gears. Therefore, the 20K motor does not have as much torque as a 5K. This also gives the motor a shorter profile than the 5K (look at the photo above of the 20K next to the 5K with the blue forward/reverse valve). Many offices use a torque multiplier along with the 20K motor to step down the rpm’s to 5,000 and increase the torque.

Crown gear which meets up with the attachment

Bearing

Rotor

Vanes

A

B C

A—Motor assembly B—Back end C—Housing/sheath

Bearing

Rotor housing


34

What Hayes repairs on a Star 20,000 RPM motor Motor assembly We inspect and replace the vanes as they are made out of a plastic (peek or polyamide similar to material in highpseed bearing cages) and they do wear as they rub against the rotor housing. We inspect and replace the vane springs as well as retrofit older rotors that do not have springs by drilling holes and installing springs. We inspect and rarely replace the rotor housing as it is made out of stainless steel and rarely wears. We inspect and rarely replace the front motor bearings as they are rather large and the cages of the bearings are made out of metal. We often replace the rear motor bearing as it receives debris from the air. We inspect and rarely replace the crown gear. Body housing/back end We inspect and rarely replace the housing of the motor as it is not a wear part. We inspect and rarely replace the backends. We do rethread 4 hole back ended motors if needed.


35

Star Motor Repair Pricing 5,000 RPM Motor Hayes overhaul price ________ Warranty______ Star overhaul price __________ Warranty ______ 20,000 RPM Motor Hayes overhaul price __________ Warranty _________ Star overhaul price ___________ Warranty Hayes policy on rethreads ______________________________ Star’s policy on rethreads _______________________________


36

Chapter 7—Kavo 2300 Series Motor (Vane Motor)

Optics

Coolant air/water

Removable head (not technically part of the motor)

Kavo lowspeed swivel with for-ward and reverse valve

Head release (spring twist mechanism)

Kavo 2307 Motor Breakdown

A– Gear reduction assembly B– Motor assembly C– Rear bearing housing D—Swivel receptor E—Front end assembly w/ H20 tubes F—Sheath/body housing G—Rear body housing

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

2307 with Prophy Head

2307 with push button latch head for selective decay

The Kavo 2300 series motor was made prior to the advent of sterilization and was de-signed to be light weight, balanced and compact much like a highspeed as well as have coolant air/water and fiber optics. When authorities mandated that handpieces get sterilized between patients, these motors did not hold up well. The light weight alu-minum rotor housing, rear bearing housing, and main body housing has created chal-lenges in longevity for the motor. Many offices use these motors and prefer them but they are expensive to maintain as they often require more replacement parts than other lowspeed motors due to the mate-rials used in the instrument in order to achieve the light weight. The other cost is that it is a one piece sys-tem and most users have a 2307 style angle motor for in the mouth selective decay, pro-phy, endo, etc, and a separate straight motor instead of an attachment system.

2313 straight motor for out of the mouth adjustments


37

2300 breakdown—various views

Motor without sheath and rear body housing

Swivel receptor Rear bearing housing

Motor assembly

Gear reduction assembly/transmission

Coolant water/air

Optics (the ones above are broken as they usually travel the body of the handpiece back to the swivel)

Sheath angle collar

Motor disassembled with head

Head

Gear reduction/transmission

Motor assembly

Rear bearing housing Swivel receptor

Sheath Rear body housing

Angle sheath with head inserted

Head


38


A B

Motor assembly

Side view

Bearings

Crown gear which meets up with gear shaft from head Rear shaft guide from

motor assembly

Front view Rear view


Top view Front view Rear view

Disassembled

Rotor

Vanes Rotor housing Front bearing

The transmission reduces the speed of the motor 2.7 to 1 via a special combination of reduction bearings reducing the speed of the motor to 13,000RPM. The bearings inside the transmis-sion rarely wear. The front motor bearing which sits in the rear of the transmis-sion is replaced (see the front bearing on the motor below).

The motor assembly rotates at 35,000 RPM. The vanes in the motor. The vanes wear and are replaced every time, the rotor housing is made out of a light weight aluminum which does wear and is replaced frequently, the front bearing is replaced every time, the vane springs are re-placed every time, and the rotor is rarely replaced.


39

Sub assembly c—Rear bearing housing

Rear view Front view Side view

Drive air/exhaust air

Bearing Adjustment screw

Main body housing

Interlocking teeth connection (female)

Interlocking teeth connection (male)

The rear body housing houses one of the bearings which sup-ports the rotor of the motor. It is made out of a special light weight material which is prone to wear. This component is replaced quite often in a repair.


40

Rear body housing

Front end assembly

Stainless steel teeth (male) Aluminum teeth???

The front end assembly meets up with the main body housing via interlocking teeth. The older models of the 2300 series had aluminum body housings which met up with the stainless steel front end which. This caused wear on the aluminum body housings often requiring the housing to be replaced. The newer 2300 series motors are made out of aluminum which helps the wear problem. The 2300 series motors were designed prior to the advent of sterilization. The goal of the 2300 series motors was to make a motor which was compact and lightweight which is why the components were primarily alumi-num.


41

Swivel back end

Transmission Motor Rear bearing housing Swivel back end

Front view

Rear view

Swivel enters here

Meets up with rear bearing housing

Backend with swivel

Coolant air/water

Exhaust Intake

Filter


42

What Hayes repairs on a Kavo 2300 series motor Gear reduction assembly/Transmission We disassemble and inspect the components of the reduction assembly/transmission and replace the bearings and crown gears as necessary and add or subtract spacers depending upon slip. Motor assembly/rear bearing housing We disassemble and inspect the motor assembly and replace the vanes every time as they are made out of a phenolic material (same as used in highpseed bearings) and they do wear. We replace the motor bearings every time which are installed into housing at each end of rotor. We inspect and replace the rotor housing as it is made out of a special anodized aluminum which is very prone to scarring and wear and must be replaced if it is worn at all. We inspect and replace the rear bearing housing as it is made out of a special anodized aluminum which is very prone to scarring and wear and must be replaced if it is worn at all. Rear body housing/main body housing/swivel back end We inspect and replace the main body housing as it is made out of aluminum in “L” models and combo nickel/brass in “LN” mod-els which meets up with the teeth of the front body housing which is made out of a harder stainless steel. We inspect and rarely replace the rear body housing. We inspect and rarely replace the swivel back end. Front end/Fiber optics/Coolant air and water We inspect and rarely replace the front body housing. We clean out the coolant air and water lines and rarely repair or replace. We inspect and replace the fiber optic bundles for the older models and the fiber optic rod for the newer cellular optics.


43

Chapter 8—Kavo E Type Air Motors and Attachments

While the most popular Kavo lowspeed handpiece that comes in for repair is the 2300 series, Kavo has a complete line of E type motors and attachments. An E type motor is a motor that has a universal connection which can fit any other manufacturer’s E type attachments. For example, an NSK E type motor will work with a Kavo E type attachment and visa versa. In comparison, a Midwest attachment will only work with a Midwest motor. Star has the same proprietary configurations. Many manufacturers are developing E type motors as they are dominant in Europe. The main benefit of a Kavo E type motor over the 2300 series is that many offices only sterilize the attachments and not the mo-tor as the attachment is the only part of the system that is in the mouth. Therefore, the fragile components of the motor never have to endure the rigors of the autoclave which makes them last much longer. Kavo has 3 types of E type motors; the 181K which does not have coolant air/water or fiber optics, the 181H which has internal coolant air and water, and the 181 L which has coolant air/water and fiber optics. Each motor has their corresponding e type at-tachment. In theory any of the Kavo attachments would work on any of the Kavo motors however you may not get complete compatibility. For example, a 181H attachment would work on a 181K motor but could not deliver coolant air/water as the motor does not have the feature. The 68LH and 80LD heads that fit in the angle attachments are compatible with all attachments. The components of the Kavo E type motors are virtually the same as seen in the vane motor breakdown for the previous vane motors. Many of the electric dental, laboratory, and endodontic motors are E type.

Kavo 181K System (Economy) (Common)

E—Type Connection


44

Kavo 181H with internal water/air (Plus) (not very common)


45

Kavo 181L with internal water/air and optics (Not Common)


46

Kavo Lowspeed Pricing 2300 Series Motors Hayes overhaul price 1__________________ Warranty ________ Hayes overhaul price 2 __________________ Warranty ________ Hayes overhaul price 3 __________________ Warranty ________ Kavo overhaul price ___________________ Warranty __________ E Type Motors Hayes overhaul price ________________ Warranty___________ Kavo overhaul price _________________ Warranty ___________


47

What Hayes repair on E Type Motors Since the E type motors are all vane motors they work the same in principal as all the previous E Type motors. Therefore, the repair parts and procedures are the same including bearings, vanes, and gears with very few differ-ences.

Chapter 9—Other E Type Motors

W&H

Lynx/medidenta

Kavo

NSK Private Label

Miscellaneous private label

Lares

Athena Champion


48

Chapter 10—T Type Motors

T-Type motors are not that popular. They are usually made by NSK or other Japanese manufacturers.


49

Chapter 11—One piece motors One piece motors are the low cost solution for a lowspeed motor. A one piece motor system including the motor and universal contra angle which costs approximately $500 can do all procedures. This is much less than what it would take to do the same with a Midwest Shorty system of a motor, straight attachment, contra angle attachment, and latch head which could cost in excess of $1,000 and over $2,000 for the same components for a Kavo 2300 series system. The main disadvantage is that when configured with the universal contra angle for in the mouth selective decay, the one piece motor is rather lengthy and unbalanced. This was the same reason that Midwest discontinued the Tru Torc which is also a one piece motor and came out with the Shorty modular motor to replace it.

Lynx/MTI one piece motor

What Hayes Repairs on the one piece motors The one piece motors are actually more time consuming and more costly to repair than a modular motor. The one piece motors are a vane motor with and without reduction gearing much like the vane motors in the previous chapters. There-fore, it is primarily vanes, bearings, and gears which get replaced during the repair. However, they have an extended drive shaft with supporting bearings and a chuck system to grip the burs, prophy an-gles, or universal contra angles.

Midwest Tru Torc


50

Chapter 12—Hygiene handpieces Hygiene handpieces are designed to only do prophys. They are all vane motors without a forward and reverse valve and a shaft output with a friction grip chuck for quick installation and removal of prophy angles. They are typically light weight and more ergonomically correct for hygiene versus a motor with a straight attachment or a straight motor.

Kavo Prophy Whiz

Midwest RDH

Star Prophy Star

Common hygiene handpieces

Athena/ Champion


51

Chapter 13—Prophy angles The most common prophy angles are the right angle plastic disposable, and right angle reusable.

Disposable angles can be used once and thrown away. Disadvantage is the gears are plastic and the shaft is plastic which can get stuck in the chuck of a lowspeed straight attachment or motor.

Reusable angle is smoother than the plastic as it has metal gears. The cup is used once and then discarded. The attachment is reus-able but not repairable. When the attachment fails dues to worn gears or if the gritty pro-phy paste has seized the mechanisms, it must be replaced.

Right angle prophy (most common)

Prophy burs which can be used in angle attachments

Some dentists/hygienists prefer a more shallow angle versus the right angle. This can be achieved by using a prophy bur system in an angle attachment or an angle motor. There are latch burs with prophy cups that can be used with any latch head.

What Hayes repairs on the hygiene handpieces The moving and wear parts in the hygiene handpieces are very similar to those of a vane motor. The majority or replacement parts for an overhaul include bearings, vanes, rotor housings, and chucks.

Hayes Handpiece Franchises Inc. Pneumatic Lowspeed Motors ...

Documents

Transcript of Hayes Handpiece Franchises Inc. Pneumatic Lowspeed Motors ...