CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

IN CALIFORNIA

KAMALA D HARRIS ATTORNEY GENERAL

CALIFORNIA JUSTICE INFORMATION SERVICES DIVISION

BUREAU OF CRIMINAL INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS

CRIMINAL JUSTICE STATISTICS CENTER

PO Box 903427 SACRAMENTO CA 94203-4270

DOJ CJSCDOJCAGOV

HTTPI AGCAGOV CJSC PUBS PHP

HATE CRIME EVENTS DECREASE IN CALIFORNIA

CRIME DATA

HATE CRIME EVENTS DECREASE IN CALIFORNIA

CRIME DATA

The total number of hate crime events offenses victims and suspects all decreased in

2012

Hate Crime in California 2012 reports statistics on hate crimes that occurred in

California during 2012 These statistics include the number of hate crime events hate

crime offenses victims of hate crimes and suspects of hate crimes This report also

provides statistics from district and city attorneys on the number of hate crime cases

referred to prosecutors the number of cases filed in court and the disposition of those

cases Finally this report puts these statistics in a historical perspective by providing

trend information on the number and types of hate crimes during the past ten years

All law enforcement agencies district attorneyrsquos and specified elected city attorneyrsquos

offices in California in cooperation with the Department of Justice have developed

local data collection programs and submitted hate crime statistics for this 2012 edition

of Hate Crime in California

The following statements highlight the major trends in Hate Crime in California for

2012

Hate crime events decreased 123 percent from 1060 in 2011 to 930 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a raceethnicitynational origin bias decreased 101

percent from 587 in 2011 to 528 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a sexual orientation bias decreased 37 percent from

244 in 2011 to 235 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a religious bias decreased 279 percent from 201 in

2011 to 145 in 2012

Hate crime offenses decreased 128 percent from 1347 in 2011 to 1174 in 2012

Violent crime offenses decreased 78 percent from 825 in 2011 to 761 in 2012

Property crime offenses decreased 206 percent from 514 in 2011 to 408 in 2012

The number of victims of reported hate crimes decreased 78 percent from 1232 in

2011 to 1136 in 2012

The number of suspects of reported hate crimes decreased 72 percent from 1010 in

2011 to 937 in 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 3

blank

HATE CRIME EVENTS DECREASE IN CALIFORNIA

CRIME DATA

blank

HATE CRIME EVENTS DECREASE IN CALIFORNIA

The total number of hate crime events offenses victims and suspects all decreased in

2012

Hate Crime in California 2012 reports statistics on hate crimes that occurred in

California during 2012 These statistics include the number of hate crime events hate

crime offenses victims of hate crimes and suspects of hate crimes This report also

provides statistics from district and city attorneys on the number of hate crime cases

referred to prosecutors the number of cases filed in court and the disposition of those

cases Finally this report puts these statistics in a historical perspective by providing

trend information on the number and types of hate crimes during the past ten years

All law enforcement agencies district attorneyrsquos and specified elected city attorneyrsquos

offices in California in cooperation with the Department of Justice have developed

local data collection programs and submitted hate crime statistics for this 2012 edition

of Hate Crime in California

The following statements highlight the major trends in Hate Crime in California for

2012

CRIME DATA

Hate crime events decreased 123 percent from 1060 in 2011 to 930 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a raceethnicitynational origin bias decreased 101

percent from 587 in 2011 to 528 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a sexual orientation bias decreased 37 percent from

244 in 2011 to 235 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a religious bias decreased 279 percent from 201 in

2011 to 145 in 2012

Hate crime offenses decreased 128 percent from 1347 in 2011 to 1174 in 2012

Violent crime offenses decreased 78 percent from 825 in 2011 to 761 in 2012

Property crime offenses decreased 206 percent from 514 in 2011 to 408 in 2012

The number of victims of reported hate crimes decreased 78 percent from 1232 in

2011 to 1136 in 2012

The number of suspects of reported hate crimes decreased 72 percent from 1010 in

2011 to 937 in 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 3

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

PROSECUTORIAL DATA

Of the 308 hate crimes that were referred for prosecution 216 cases were filed by

district attorneys and elected city attorneys for prosecution Of the 216 cases that

were filed for prosecution 158 were filed as hate crimes and 58 were filed as non-

bias motivated crimes

Of the 124 cases with a disposition available for this report

395 percent (49) were hate crime convictions

468 percent (58) were other convictions and

137 percent (17) were not convicted

TREND DATA

The total number of hate crime events has decreased 376 percent from 1491 to 930

since 2003

Violent crime offenses have decreased 392 percent from 1252 to 761 since 2003

Property crime offenses have decreased 275 percent from 563 to 408 since 2003

Hate crimes with a raceethnicitynational origin bias are consistently the most

common type of hate crime in the last ten years accounting for 568 percent of all

hate crime events in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-black bias motivation continue to be

the most common hate crime accounting for approximately one-third of all hate

crime events since 2003

Hate crimes with a sexual orientation bias were the second most common type of hate

crime comprising 253 percent of hate crimes reported in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-homosexual motivation have

increased 239 percent since 2003

Hate crimes with a religious bias were the third most common type of hate crime

comprising 156 percent of all hate crimes reported in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-Jewish motivation continue to be

the most common accounting for approximately one-tenth of all hate events

reported since 2003

Hate crime complaints filed for prosecution have decreased 480 percent from 304 in

2003 to 158 in 2012

4 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 1 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Bias Motivation

Events Offenses Victims Suspects Bias motivation Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent

of total of bias of total of bias Percent

Number of total Percent of bias

Number Percent Percent of total of bias

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Raceethnicitynational origin 528 568 1000 683 582 1000 659 580 1000 538 574 1000 Anti-white 40 43 76 42 36 61 41 36 62 45 48 84 Anti-black 289 31 1 547 386 329 565 369 325 560 322 344 599 Anti-Hispanic bullbull bull bull 88 95 167 111 95 163 108 95 164 103 110 191 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native bullbull 3 03 06 3 03 04 3 03 05 2 02 04

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 23 25 44 29 25 42 27 24 41 13 14 24 Anti-multiple races group 22 24 42 31 26 45 30 26 46 9 10 17 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 62 67 117 80 68 117 80 70 121 44 47 82 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 02 1 01 01 1 01 02 0 00 00

Religion 145 156 1000 166 141 1000 161 142 1000 69 74 1000 Anti-Jewish 91 98 628 106 90 639 102 90 634 37 39 536 Anti-Catholic 7 08 48 7 06 42 7 06 43 1 01 14 Anti-Protestant 2 02 14 2 02 12 2 02 12 1 01 14 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 20 22 138 24 20 145 24 21 149 23 25 333 Anti-other religion 21 23 145 23 20 139 22 19 137 7 07 101

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 21 3 03 18 3 03 19 0 00 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 07 1 01 06 1 01 06 0 00 00

Sexual orientation 235 253 1000 296 252 1000 289 254 1000 299 31 9 1000 Anti-gay 116 125 494 140 11 9 473 136 120 471 155 165 51 8 Anti-lesbian 28 30 119 36 31 122 34 30 118 19 20 64 Anti-homosexual 88 95 374 117 100 395 116 102 401 123 131 411 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 04 1 01 03 1 01 03 1 01 03 Anti-bisexual 2 02 09 2 02 07 2 02 07 1 01 03

Physicalmental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000 Anti-physical disability 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000

Gender 18 19 1000 22 19 1000 22 19 1000 24 26 1000 Anti-male 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 4 04 167 Anti-female 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 1 01 42 Anti-transgender 14 15 778 16 14 727 16 14 727 19 20 792

Multiple-bias total 2 02 00 5 04 00 3 03 00 4 04 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

Table 2 HATE CRIMES 2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

Offenses Type of crime

Number Percent of

total Percent of

offense Total 1174 1000

Single-bias total 1169 996

Violent crimes 761 648 1000 Murder 0 00 00 Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Simple assault Intimidation

2 34

235 239 251

02 29

200 204 214

03 45

309 314 330

Property crimes Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft

408 12 3 2

348 10 03 02

1000 29 07 05

Arson 9 08 22 Destructionvandalism 382 325 936

Multiple-bias total 5 04 00

Note Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

6 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 3 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Location

Location Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 2 02 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 30 32 39 33 39 34 33 35 Barnight club 15 16 17 14 17 15 23 25 CampCampground 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 46 44 37 43 38 13 14

Commercialoffice building 15 16 15 13 15 13 10 11 Construction site 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Convenience store 10 11 16 14 16 14 11 12 Daycare facility 1 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 5 05 6 05 6 05 5 05

DockwharffreighUmdl trmnl 1 01 1 01 1 01 3 03 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 05 5 04 5 04 2 02 Fieldwoodspark 4 04 7 06 7 06 11 12 Gamblingcasinorace track 2 02 2 02 2 02 1 01 GovernmenUpublic building 13 14 15 13 15 13 6 06

Grocerysupermarket 6 06 6 05 6 05 6 06 Highwayroadalleystreet 254 273 318 271 309 272 371 396 Hotelmoteletc 10 11 11 09 11 10 8 09 Industrial site 2 02 2 02 2 02 2 02 Jailprison 18 19 19 16 19 17 33 35

Lakewaterwaybeach 3 03 4 03 4 04 4 04 Liquor store 3 03 4 03 4 04 5 05 Otherunknprvte np shelter 22 24 27 23 27 24 16 17 Parkplayground 23 25 30 26 30 26 38 41 Parking loUgarage 56 60 70 60 69 61 53 57

Rental storage facility 3 03 3 03 3 03 4 04 Residencehomedriveway 236 254 334 284 313 276 164 175 Rest area 1 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 Restaurant 17 18 21 18 21 18 28 30 Schoolcollege 94 101 104 89 103 91 59 63

Servicegas station 7 08 7 06 7 06 6 06 Sheltermissionhomeless 1 01 2 02 2 02 1 01 Shopping mall 11 12 18 15 15 13 10 11 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 11 12 12 10 12 11 4 04

Multiple-bias total 2 02 5 04 3 03 4 04

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 7

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

HATE CRIME EVENTS DECREASE IN CALIFORNIA

CRIME DATA

blank

HATE CRIME EVENTS DECREASE IN CALIFORNIA

The total number of hate crime events offenses victims and suspects all decreased in

2012

Hate Crime in California 2012 reports statistics on hate crimes that occurred in

California during 2012 These statistics include the number of hate crime events hate

crime offenses victims of hate crimes and suspects of hate crimes This report also

provides statistics from district and city attorneys on the number of hate crime cases

referred to prosecutors the number of cases filed in court and the disposition of those

cases Finally this report puts these statistics in a historical perspective by providing

trend information on the number and types of hate crimes during the past ten years

All law enforcement agencies district attorneyrsquos and specified elected city attorneyrsquos

offices in California in cooperation with the Department of Justice have developed

local data collection programs and submitted hate crime statistics for this 2012 edition

of Hate Crime in California

The following statements highlight the major trends in Hate Crime in California for

2012

CRIME DATA

Hate crime events decreased 123 percent from 1060 in 2011 to 930 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a raceethnicitynational origin bias decreased 101

percent from 587 in 2011 to 528 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a sexual orientation bias decreased 37 percent from

244 in 2011 to 235 in 2012

Hate crime events involving a religious bias decreased 279 percent from 201 in

2011 to 145 in 2012

Hate crime offenses decreased 128 percent from 1347 in 2011 to 1174 in 2012

Violent crime offenses decreased 78 percent from 825 in 2011 to 761 in 2012

Property crime offenses decreased 206 percent from 514 in 2011 to 408 in 2012

The number of victims of reported hate crimes decreased 78 percent from 1232 in

2011 to 1136 in 2012

The number of suspects of reported hate crimes decreased 72 percent from 1010 in

2011 to 937 in 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 3

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

PROSECUTORIAL DATA

Of the 308 hate crimes that were referred for prosecution 216 cases were filed by

district attorneys and elected city attorneys for prosecution Of the 216 cases that

were filed for prosecution 158 were filed as hate crimes and 58 were filed as non-

bias motivated crimes

Of the 124 cases with a disposition available for this report

395 percent (49) were hate crime convictions

468 percent (58) were other convictions and

137 percent (17) were not convicted

TREND DATA

The total number of hate crime events has decreased 376 percent from 1491 to 930

since 2003

Violent crime offenses have decreased 392 percent from 1252 to 761 since 2003

Property crime offenses have decreased 275 percent from 563 to 408 since 2003

Hate crimes with a raceethnicitynational origin bias are consistently the most

common type of hate crime in the last ten years accounting for 568 percent of all

hate crime events in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-black bias motivation continue to be

the most common hate crime accounting for approximately one-third of all hate

crime events since 2003

Hate crimes with a sexual orientation bias were the second most common type of hate

crime comprising 253 percent of hate crimes reported in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-homosexual motivation have

increased 239 percent since 2003

Hate crimes with a religious bias were the third most common type of hate crime

comprising 156 percent of all hate crimes reported in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-Jewish motivation continue to be

the most common accounting for approximately one-tenth of all hate events

reported since 2003

Hate crime complaints filed for prosecution have decreased 480 percent from 304 in

2003 to 158 in 2012

4 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 1 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Bias Motivation

Events Offenses Victims Suspects Bias motivation Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent

of total of bias of total of bias Percent

Number of total Percent of bias

Number Percent Percent of total of bias

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Raceethnicitynational origin 528 568 1000 683 582 1000 659 580 1000 538 574 1000 Anti-white 40 43 76 42 36 61 41 36 62 45 48 84 Anti-black 289 31 1 547 386 329 565 369 325 560 322 344 599 Anti-Hispanic bullbull bull bull 88 95 167 111 95 163 108 95 164 103 110 191 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native bullbull 3 03 06 3 03 04 3 03 05 2 02 04

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 23 25 44 29 25 42 27 24 41 13 14 24 Anti-multiple races group 22 24 42 31 26 45 30 26 46 9 10 17 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 62 67 117 80 68 117 80 70 121 44 47 82 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 02 1 01 01 1 01 02 0 00 00

Religion 145 156 1000 166 141 1000 161 142 1000 69 74 1000 Anti-Jewish 91 98 628 106 90 639 102 90 634 37 39 536 Anti-Catholic 7 08 48 7 06 42 7 06 43 1 01 14 Anti-Protestant 2 02 14 2 02 12 2 02 12 1 01 14 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 20 22 138 24 20 145 24 21 149 23 25 333 Anti-other religion 21 23 145 23 20 139 22 19 137 7 07 101

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 21 3 03 18 3 03 19 0 00 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 07 1 01 06 1 01 06 0 00 00

Sexual orientation 235 253 1000 296 252 1000 289 254 1000 299 31 9 1000 Anti-gay 116 125 494 140 11 9 473 136 120 471 155 165 51 8 Anti-lesbian 28 30 119 36 31 122 34 30 118 19 20 64 Anti-homosexual 88 95 374 117 100 395 116 102 401 123 131 411 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 04 1 01 03 1 01 03 1 01 03 Anti-bisexual 2 02 09 2 02 07 2 02 07 1 01 03

Physicalmental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000 Anti-physical disability 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000

Gender 18 19 1000 22 19 1000 22 19 1000 24 26 1000 Anti-male 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 4 04 167 Anti-female 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 1 01 42 Anti-transgender 14 15 778 16 14 727 16 14 727 19 20 792

Multiple-bias total 2 02 00 5 04 00 3 03 00 4 04 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

Table 2 HATE CRIMES 2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

Offenses Type of crime

Number Percent of

total Percent of

offense Total 1174 1000

Single-bias total 1169 996

Violent crimes 761 648 1000 Murder 0 00 00 Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Simple assault Intimidation

2 34

235 239 251

02 29

200 204 214

03 45

309 314 330

Property crimes Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft

408 12 3 2

348 10 03 02

1000 29 07 05

Arson 9 08 22 Destructionvandalism 382 325 936

Multiple-bias total 5 04 00

Note Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

6 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 3 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Location

Location Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 2 02 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 30 32 39 33 39 34 33 35 Barnight club 15 16 17 14 17 15 23 25 CampCampground 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 46 44 37 43 38 13 14

Commercialoffice building 15 16 15 13 15 13 10 11 Construction site 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Convenience store 10 11 16 14 16 14 11 12 Daycare facility 1 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 5 05 6 05 6 05 5 05

DockwharffreighUmdl trmnl 1 01 1 01 1 01 3 03 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 05 5 04 5 04 2 02 Fieldwoodspark 4 04 7 06 7 06 11 12 Gamblingcasinorace track 2 02 2 02 2 02 1 01 GovernmenUpublic building 13 14 15 13 15 13 6 06

Grocerysupermarket 6 06 6 05 6 05 6 06 Highwayroadalleystreet 254 273 318 271 309 272 371 396 Hotelmoteletc 10 11 11 09 11 10 8 09 Industrial site 2 02 2 02 2 02 2 02 Jailprison 18 19 19 16 19 17 33 35

Lakewaterwaybeach 3 03 4 03 4 04 4 04 Liquor store 3 03 4 03 4 04 5 05 Otherunknprvte np shelter 22 24 27 23 27 24 16 17 Parkplayground 23 25 30 26 30 26 38 41 Parking loUgarage 56 60 70 60 69 61 53 57

Rental storage facility 3 03 3 03 3 03 4 04 Residencehomedriveway 236 254 334 284 313 276 164 175 Rest area 1 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 Restaurant 17 18 21 18 21 18 28 30 Schoolcollege 94 101 104 89 103 91 59 63

Servicegas station 7 08 7 06 7 06 6 06 Sheltermissionhomeless 1 01 2 02 2 02 1 01 Shopping mall 11 12 18 15 15 13 10 11 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 11 12 12 10 12 11 4 04

Multiple-bias total 2 02 5 04 3 03 4 04

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 7

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

PROSECUTORIAL DATA

Of the 308 hate crimes that were referred for prosecution 216 cases were filed by

district attorneys and elected city attorneys for prosecution Of the 216 cases that

were filed for prosecution 158 were filed as hate crimes and 58 were filed as non-

bias motivated crimes

Of the 124 cases with a disposition available for this report

395 percent (49) were hate crime convictions

468 percent (58) were other convictions and

137 percent (17) were not convicted

TREND DATA

The total number of hate crime events has decreased 376 percent from 1491 to 930

since 2003

Violent crime offenses have decreased 392 percent from 1252 to 761 since 2003

Property crime offenses have decreased 275 percent from 563 to 408 since 2003

Hate crimes with a raceethnicitynational origin bias are consistently the most

common type of hate crime in the last ten years accounting for 568 percent of all

hate crime events in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-black bias motivation continue to be

the most common hate crime accounting for approximately one-third of all hate

crime events since 2003

Hate crimes with a sexual orientation bias were the second most common type of hate

crime comprising 253 percent of hate crimes reported in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-homosexual motivation have

increased 239 percent since 2003

Hate crimes with a religious bias were the third most common type of hate crime

comprising 156 percent of all hate crimes reported in 2012

Within this category hate crimes with an anti-Jewish motivation continue to be

the most common accounting for approximately one-tenth of all hate events

reported since 2003

Hate crime complaints filed for prosecution have decreased 480 percent from 304 in

2003 to 158 in 2012

4 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 1 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Bias Motivation

Events Offenses Victims Suspects Bias motivation Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent

of total of bias of total of bias Percent

Number of total Percent of bias

Number Percent Percent of total of bias

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Raceethnicitynational origin 528 568 1000 683 582 1000 659 580 1000 538 574 1000 Anti-white 40 43 76 42 36 61 41 36 62 45 48 84 Anti-black 289 31 1 547 386 329 565 369 325 560 322 344 599 Anti-Hispanic bullbull bull bull 88 95 167 111 95 163 108 95 164 103 110 191 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native bullbull 3 03 06 3 03 04 3 03 05 2 02 04

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 23 25 44 29 25 42 27 24 41 13 14 24 Anti-multiple races group 22 24 42 31 26 45 30 26 46 9 10 17 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 62 67 117 80 68 117 80 70 121 44 47 82 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 02 1 01 01 1 01 02 0 00 00

Religion 145 156 1000 166 141 1000 161 142 1000 69 74 1000 Anti-Jewish 91 98 628 106 90 639 102 90 634 37 39 536 Anti-Catholic 7 08 48 7 06 42 7 06 43 1 01 14 Anti-Protestant 2 02 14 2 02 12 2 02 12 1 01 14 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 20 22 138 24 20 145 24 21 149 23 25 333 Anti-other religion 21 23 145 23 20 139 22 19 137 7 07 101

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 21 3 03 18 3 03 19 0 00 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 07 1 01 06 1 01 06 0 00 00

Sexual orientation 235 253 1000 296 252 1000 289 254 1000 299 31 9 1000 Anti-gay 116 125 494 140 11 9 473 136 120 471 155 165 51 8 Anti-lesbian 28 30 119 36 31 122 34 30 118 19 20 64 Anti-homosexual 88 95 374 117 100 395 116 102 401 123 131 411 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 04 1 01 03 1 01 03 1 01 03 Anti-bisexual 2 02 09 2 02 07 2 02 07 1 01 03

Physicalmental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000 Anti-physical disability 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000

Gender 18 19 1000 22 19 1000 22 19 1000 24 26 1000 Anti-male 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 4 04 167 Anti-female 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 1 01 42 Anti-transgender 14 15 778 16 14 727 16 14 727 19 20 792

Multiple-bias total 2 02 00 5 04 00 3 03 00 4 04 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

Table 2 HATE CRIMES 2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

Offenses Type of crime

Number Percent of

total Percent of

offense Total 1174 1000

Single-bias total 1169 996

Violent crimes 761 648 1000 Murder 0 00 00 Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Simple assault Intimidation

2 34

235 239 251

02 29

200 204 214

03 45

309 314 330

Property crimes Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft

408 12 3 2

348 10 03 02

1000 29 07 05

Arson 9 08 22 Destructionvandalism 382 325 936

Multiple-bias total 5 04 00

Note Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

6 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 3 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Location

Location Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 2 02 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 30 32 39 33 39 34 33 35 Barnight club 15 16 17 14 17 15 23 25 CampCampground 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 46 44 37 43 38 13 14

Commercialoffice building 15 16 15 13 15 13 10 11 Construction site 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Convenience store 10 11 16 14 16 14 11 12 Daycare facility 1 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 5 05 6 05 6 05 5 05

DockwharffreighUmdl trmnl 1 01 1 01 1 01 3 03 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 05 5 04 5 04 2 02 Fieldwoodspark 4 04 7 06 7 06 11 12 Gamblingcasinorace track 2 02 2 02 2 02 1 01 GovernmenUpublic building 13 14 15 13 15 13 6 06

Grocerysupermarket 6 06 6 05 6 05 6 06 Highwayroadalleystreet 254 273 318 271 309 272 371 396 Hotelmoteletc 10 11 11 09 11 10 8 09 Industrial site 2 02 2 02 2 02 2 02 Jailprison 18 19 19 16 19 17 33 35

Lakewaterwaybeach 3 03 4 03 4 04 4 04 Liquor store 3 03 4 03 4 04 5 05 Otherunknprvte np shelter 22 24 27 23 27 24 16 17 Parkplayground 23 25 30 26 30 26 38 41 Parking loUgarage 56 60 70 60 69 61 53 57

Rental storage facility 3 03 3 03 3 03 4 04 Residencehomedriveway 236 254 334 284 313 276 164 175 Rest area 1 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 Restaurant 17 18 21 18 21 18 28 30 Schoolcollege 94 101 104 89 103 91 59 63

Servicegas station 7 08 7 06 7 06 6 06 Sheltermissionhomeless 1 01 2 02 2 02 1 01 Shopping mall 11 12 18 15 15 13 10 11 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 11 12 12 10 12 11 4 04

Multiple-bias total 2 02 5 04 3 03 4 04

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 7

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

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LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 1 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Bias Motivation

Events Offenses Victims Suspects Bias motivation Number Percent Percent Number Percent Percent

of total of bias of total of bias Percent

Number of total Percent of bias

Number Percent Percent of total of bias

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Raceethnicitynational origin 528 568 1000 683 582 1000 659 580 1000 538 574 1000 Anti-white 40 43 76 42 36 61 41 36 62 45 48 84 Anti-black 289 31 1 547 386 329 565 369 325 560 322 344 599 Anti-Hispanic bullbull bull bull 88 95 167 111 95 163 108 95 164 103 110 191 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native bullbull 3 03 06 3 03 04 3 03 05 2 02 04

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 23 25 44 29 25 42 27 24 41 13 14 24 Anti-multiple races group 22 24 42 31 26 45 30 26 46 9 10 17 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 62 67 117 80 68 117 80 70 121 44 47 82 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 02 1 01 01 1 01 02 0 00 00

Religion 145 156 1000 166 141 1000 161 142 1000 69 74 1000 Anti-Jewish 91 98 628 106 90 639 102 90 634 37 39 536 Anti-Catholic 7 08 48 7 06 42 7 06 43 1 01 14 Anti-Protestant 2 02 14 2 02 12 2 02 12 1 01 14 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 20 22 138 24 20 145 24 21 149 23 25 333 Anti-other religion 21 23 145 23 20 139 22 19 137 7 07 101

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 21 3 03 18 3 03 19 0 00 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 07 1 01 06 1 01 06 0 00 00

Sexual orientation 235 253 1000 296 252 1000 289 254 1000 299 31 9 1000 Anti-gay 116 125 494 140 11 9 473 136 120 471 155 165 51 8 Anti-lesbian 28 30 119 36 31 122 34 30 118 19 20 64 Anti-homosexual 88 95 374 117 100 395 116 102 401 123 131 411 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 04 1 01 03 1 01 03 1 01 03 Anti-bisexual 2 02 09 2 02 07 2 02 07 1 01 03

Physicalmental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000 Anti-physical disability 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 2 02 1000 3 03 1000

Gender 18 19 1000 22 19 1000 22 19 1000 24 26 1000 Anti-male 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 4 04 167 Anti-female 2 02 11 1 3 03 136 3 03 136 1 01 42 Anti-transgender 14 15 778 16 14 727 16 14 727 19 20 792

Multiple-bias total 2 02 00 5 04 00 3 03 00 4 04 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 5

Table 2 HATE CRIMES 2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

Offenses Type of crime

Number Percent of

total Percent of

offense Total 1174 1000

Single-bias total 1169 996

Violent crimes 761 648 1000 Murder 0 00 00 Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Simple assault Intimidation

2 34

235 239 251

02 29

200 204 214

03 45

309 314 330

Property crimes Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft

408 12 3 2

348 10 03 02

1000 29 07 05

Arson 9 08 22 Destructionvandalism 382 325 936

Multiple-bias total 5 04 00

Note Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

6 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 3 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Location

Location Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 2 02 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 30 32 39 33 39 34 33 35 Barnight club 15 16 17 14 17 15 23 25 CampCampground 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 46 44 37 43 38 13 14

Commercialoffice building 15 16 15 13 15 13 10 11 Construction site 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Convenience store 10 11 16 14 16 14 11 12 Daycare facility 1 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 5 05 6 05 6 05 5 05

DockwharffreighUmdl trmnl 1 01 1 01 1 01 3 03 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 05 5 04 5 04 2 02 Fieldwoodspark 4 04 7 06 7 06 11 12 Gamblingcasinorace track 2 02 2 02 2 02 1 01 GovernmenUpublic building 13 14 15 13 15 13 6 06

Grocerysupermarket 6 06 6 05 6 05 6 06 Highwayroadalleystreet 254 273 318 271 309 272 371 396 Hotelmoteletc 10 11 11 09 11 10 8 09 Industrial site 2 02 2 02 2 02 2 02 Jailprison 18 19 19 16 19 17 33 35

Lakewaterwaybeach 3 03 4 03 4 04 4 04 Liquor store 3 03 4 03 4 04 5 05 Otherunknprvte np shelter 22 24 27 23 27 24 16 17 Parkplayground 23 25 30 26 30 26 38 41 Parking loUgarage 56 60 70 60 69 61 53 57

Rental storage facility 3 03 3 03 3 03 4 04 Residencehomedriveway 236 254 334 284 313 276 164 175 Rest area 1 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 Restaurant 17 18 21 18 21 18 28 30 Schoolcollege 94 101 104 89 103 91 59 63

Servicegas station 7 08 7 06 7 06 6 06 Sheltermissionhomeless 1 01 2 02 2 02 1 01 Shopping mall 11 12 18 15 15 13 10 11 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 11 12 12 10 12 11 4 04

Multiple-bias total 2 02 5 04 3 03 4 04

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 7

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 2 HATE CRIMES 2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

Offenses Type of crime

Number Percent of

total Percent of

offense Total 1174 1000

Single-bias total 1169 996

Violent crimes 761 648 1000 Murder 0 00 00 Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Simple assault Intimidation

2 34

235 239 251

02 29

200 204 214

03 45

309 314 330

Property crimes Burglary Larceny-theft Motor vehicle theft

408 12 3 2

348 10 03 02

1000 29 07 05

Arson 9 08 22 Destructionvandalism 382 325 936

Multiple-bias total 5 04 00

Note Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

6 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 3 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Location

Location Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 2 02 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 30 32 39 33 39 34 33 35 Barnight club 15 16 17 14 17 15 23 25 CampCampground 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 46 44 37 43 38 13 14

Commercialoffice building 15 16 15 13 15 13 10 11 Construction site 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Convenience store 10 11 16 14 16 14 11 12 Daycare facility 1 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 5 05 6 05 6 05 5 05

DockwharffreighUmdl trmnl 1 01 1 01 1 01 3 03 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 05 5 04 5 04 2 02 Fieldwoodspark 4 04 7 06 7 06 11 12 Gamblingcasinorace track 2 02 2 02 2 02 1 01 GovernmenUpublic building 13 14 15 13 15 13 6 06

Grocerysupermarket 6 06 6 05 6 05 6 06 Highwayroadalleystreet 254 273 318 271 309 272 371 396 Hotelmoteletc 10 11 11 09 11 10 8 09 Industrial site 2 02 2 02 2 02 2 02 Jailprison 18 19 19 16 19 17 33 35

Lakewaterwaybeach 3 03 4 03 4 04 4 04 Liquor store 3 03 4 03 4 04 5 05 Otherunknprvte np shelter 22 24 27 23 27 24 16 17 Parkplayground 23 25 30 26 30 26 38 41 Parking loUgarage 56 60 70 60 69 61 53 57

Rental storage facility 3 03 3 03 3 03 4 04 Residencehomedriveway 236 254 334 284 313 276 164 175 Rest area 1 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 Restaurant 17 18 21 18 21 18 28 30 Schoolcollege 94 101 104 89 103 91 59 63

Servicegas station 7 08 7 06 7 06 6 06 Sheltermissionhomeless 1 01 2 02 2 02 1 01 Shopping mall 11 12 18 15 15 13 10 11 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 11 12 12 10 12 11 4 04

Multiple-bias total 2 02 5 04 3 03 4 04

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 7

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 3 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by Location

Location Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 930 1000 1174 1000 1136 1000 937 1000

Single-bias total 928 998 1169 996 1133 997 933 996

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 2 02 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 30 32 39 33 39 34 33 35 Barnight club 15 16 17 14 17 15 23 25 CampCampground 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 46 44 37 43 38 13 14

Commercialoffice building 15 16 15 13 15 13 10 11 Construction site 2 02 3 03 3 03 1 01 Convenience store 10 11 16 14 16 14 11 12 Daycare facility 1 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 5 05 6 05 6 05 5 05

DockwharffreighUmdl trmnl 1 01 1 01 1 01 3 03 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 05 5 04 5 04 2 02 Fieldwoodspark 4 04 7 06 7 06 11 12 Gamblingcasinorace track 2 02 2 02 2 02 1 01 GovernmenUpublic building 13 14 15 13 15 13 6 06

Grocerysupermarket 6 06 6 05 6 05 6 06 Highwayroadalleystreet 254 273 318 271 309 272 371 396 Hotelmoteletc 10 11 11 09 11 10 8 09 Industrial site 2 02 2 02 2 02 2 02 Jailprison 18 19 19 16 19 17 33 35

Lakewaterwaybeach 3 03 4 03 4 04 4 04 Liquor store 3 03 4 03 4 04 5 05 Otherunknprvte np shelter 22 24 27 23 27 24 16 17 Parkplayground 23 25 30 26 30 26 38 41 Parking loUgarage 56 60 70 60 69 61 53 57

Rental storage facility 3 03 3 03 3 03 4 04 Residencehomedriveway 236 254 334 284 313 276 164 175 Rest area 1 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 Restaurant 17 18 21 18 21 18 28 30 Schoolcollege 94 101 104 89 103 91 59 63

Servicegas station 7 08 7 06 7 06 6 06 Sheltermissionhomeless 1 01 2 02 2 02 1 01 Shopping mall 11 12 18 15 15 13 10 11 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 11 12 12 10 12 11 4 04

Multiple-bias total 2 02 5 04 3 03 4 04

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding An event indicates the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 7

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 4 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Religious

organization Other

Numbe r Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

To~l 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Raceethnicitynational origin 659 580 596 594 15 652 40 615 6 146 2 667 Anti-white 41 36 39 39 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-black 369 325 336 335 6 261 26 400 1 24 0 00 Anti-Hispanic 108 95 105 105 0 00 2 31 1 24 0 00 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 27 24 24 24 2 87 1 15 0 00 0 00 Anti-multiple races group 30 26 23 23 3 130 3 4 6 1 24 0 00 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 80 70 66 66 4 174 6 92 2 49 2 667 Anti-citizenship status 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Religion 161 142 103 103 5 217 19 292 33 805 1 333 Anti-Jewish 102 90 70 70 5 21 7 18 277 8 195 1 333 Anti-Catholic 7 06 3 03 0 00 0 00 4 98 0 00 Anti-Protestant 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 49 0 00 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 24 21 23 23 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00 Anti-other religion bull 22 19 5 05 0 00 0 00 17 415 0 00

Anti-multiple religious group 3 03 1 01 0 00 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-atheismagnosticismetc 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Sexual orientation 289 254 279 278 3 130 6 92 1 24 0 00 Anti-gay 136 120 133 132 1 43 1 15 1 24 0 00 Anti-lesbian 34 30 32 32 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Anti-homosexual 116 102 11 1 11 1 2 87 3 4 6 0 00 0 00 Anti-heterosexual 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-bisexual 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Physicalmental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-physical disability 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-mental disability 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Gende~ 22 19 22 22 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-male 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-female 3 03 3 03 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Anti-transgender 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiv iated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2

8 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 5 HATE CRIMES 2012

Victim Type by Location

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 9

Location Total Individual

Business financial institution

Government Rel igious

organization Other

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Total 1136 1000 1004 1000 23 1000 65 1000 41 1000 3 1000

Single-bias total 1133 997 1002 998 23 1000 65 1000 40 976 3 1000

Abandoncondemned structure 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Airbustrain terminal 39 34 36 36 0 00 3 46 0 00 0 00 Barnight club 17 15 17 17 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Campcampground 3 03 2 02 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Churchsynagoguetemple 43 38 6 06 0 00 0 00 37 902 0 00

Commercialoffice building middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Construction site middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middot 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Convenience store bull bull bullbull 16 14 16 16 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Daycare faci lity 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Departmentdiscount store 6 05 5 05 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00

Dockwharffreightmodal trmnl 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Drug storedrs officehospital 5 04 3 03 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Fieldwoodspark 7 06 5 05 0 00 2 31 0 00 0 00 Gambling faci litycasinorack track 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Governmentpublic building 15 13 11 11 0 00 4 62 0 00 0 00

Grocerysupermarket 6 05 6 06 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Highwayroadalleystreet 309 272 301 300 2 87 5 77 1 24 0 00 Hotelmoteletc 11 10 9 09 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Industrial site middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Jailprison middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot 19 17 18 18 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Lakewaterwaybeach 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Liquor store 4 04 4 04 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Otherunknprvte np shelter 27 24 24 24 0 00 1 15 2 49 0 00 Parkplayground middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot 30 26 23 23 1 43 6 92 0 00 0 00 Parking lotgarage middotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot 69 61 68 68 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00

Rental storage facility 3 03 2 02 1 43 0 00 0 00 0 00 Residencehomedriveway 313 276 310 309 1 43 1 15 0 00 1 333 Rest area 1 01 0 00 0 00 1 15 0 00 0 00 Restaurant 21 18 19 19 2 87 0 00 0 00 0 00 Schoolcollege 103 91 61 61 1 43 39 600 0 00 2 667 Servicegas station 7 06 7 07 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Sheltermissionhomeless 2 02 2 02 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Shopping mall 15 13 12 12 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00 Specialty store (TV fur etc) 12 11 9 09 3 130 0 00 0 00 0 00

Multiple-bias total 3 03 2 02 0 00 0 00 1 24 0 00

Notes Percentages may not add to 1000 because of rounding Crimes committed against property (eg a business government institution religious organization etc ) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed against an individual can have more than one victim per event

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 6 HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Total 930 1174 1136 937

Single-bias total 928 1169 1133 933

Alameda County 46 68 65 47 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 4 2 Berkeley 8 12 12 9 Hayward 4 5 5 7 Livermore 3 3 3 4 Newark 5 12 9 5

Oakland 11 13 13 11 San Leandro 3 3 3 3 Union City 1 1 1 0 Alameda BART 3 9 9 4 UC Berkeley 5 6 6 2

Alpine County 0 0 0 0

Amador County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2

Butte County 8 11 11 6 Sheriffs Dept 1 3 3 Chico 5 5 5 4 Paradise 1 2 2 1 Northern Buttes DPR 1 1 1 0

Calaveras County 0 0 0 0

Colusa County 0 0 0 0

Contra Costa County 19 22 21 16 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 1 Antioch 4 4 4 6 Brentwood 1 2 2 0 Concord 2 3 2 3 Hercules 1 1 1 3

Pinole 1 1 1 0 Pittsburg 1 1 1 0 Richmond 5 5 5 1 Walnut Creek 1 1 1 0 Contra Costa BART 2 2 2 2

Del Norte County 0 0 0 0

El Dorado County 5 8 8 7 Sheriffs Dept 4 7 7 6 Placerville 1 1 1 1

Fresno County 13 16 16 12 Clovis 2 2 2 1 Fowler 1 1 1 1 Fresno 8 11 11 9 Parlier 1 1 1 Reedley 1 1 0

Glenn County 0 Orland 0

Humboldt County 4 4 4 4 Arcata 1 1 1 1 Eureka 3 3 3 3

Imperial County 0 0 0 0

lnyo County 0 0 0 0

Kern County 8 9 9 11 Sheriffs Dept 1 1 1 2 Bakersfield 4 5 5 6 Taft 2 2 2 2 Tehachapi 1 1 1 1

(continued)

10 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Kings County 2 Hanford 2

Lake County 7 15 13 6 Sheriffs Dept 3 7 7 2 Clearlake 4 8 6 4

Lassen County 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles County 331 413 394 347 Sheriffs Dept 27 28 27 30 Agoura Hills 4 4 4 0 Azusa 3 4 4 1 Bellflower 1 2 Beverly Hills 5 7 7 6

Burbank 9 11 11 14 Calabasas 2 2 2 1 Carson 3 3 3 0 Cerritos 1 2 2 3 Claremont 2 2 2 2

Compton 1 8 4 0 Covina 4 7 5 4 Cudahy 1 1 1 2 Diamond Bar 1 2 1 1 Downey 1 1 1 1

El Monte 5 6 6 7 Gardena Glendale 2 Hawaiian Gardens 2 2 2 Hawthorne 2 2 2 4

Hermosa Beach 1 1 1 3 Inglewood 1 6 6 1 La Mirada 1 1 1 1 Lakewood 3 4 3 1 Lancaster 7 7 7 10

Lawndale 2 2 3 Lomita 2 2 2 Long Beach 4 5 5 3 Los Angeles 129 159 158 144 LA Transit Services Bureau 11 12 12 12

Lynwood Monrovia 2 2 2 1 Monterey Park 2 3 3 0 Norwalk 2 3 2 1 Palmdale 16 24 20 19

Paramount 4 4 4 0 Pasadena 2 2 2 4 Pica Rivera 1 1 1 Pomona 4 4 4 8 Rancho Palos Verdes 1 1 1

Redondo Beach 6 6 6 6 Rosemead 2 2 2 2 San Dimas 2 San Gabriel 1 1 0 Santa Clarita 8 12 9 5

Santa Monica 11 14 14 13 Sierra Madre 1 1 3 South Gate 1 1 2 Temple City Torrance 2 3 3 0

West Covina 6 6 6 2 West Hollywood 13 17 16 13

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 11

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Los Angeles County (continued) Cal Poly Pomona 1 CSU Dominguez Hills 0 CSU Long Beach 1 1 0 CSU Northridge 3 3 3 0 UC Los Angeles 1 3 3 0

Madera County 0 0 0 0

Marin County 8 10 10 7 Novato 3 4 4 5 San Anselmo 1 1 1 0 San Rafael 3 4 4 Marin Community College 1 1 1

Mariposa County 0 0 0 0

Mendocino County Ukiah

Merced County 2 2 2 2 Livingston Merced

Modoc County 0 0 0 0

Mono County 2 Mammoth Lakes 2

Monterey County 2 2 2 2 Sheriffs Dept Greenfield

Napa County Napa

Nevada County 0 0 0 0

Orange County 53 58 58 41 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Aliso Viejo 1 1 1 0 Anaheim 1 1 1 2 Buena Park 3 3 3 8 Cypress 1 1 1 0

Dana Point 1 1 Fountain Valley 1 1 1 1 Fullerton 1 1 1 1 Garden Grove 2 2 2 1 Huntington Beach 10 11 11 7

Irvine 3 3 3 0 La Habra bull 1 1 1 3 Laguna Beach 1 1 1 1 Laguna Hills 1 1 1 0 Lake Forest 1 1 1 0

Newport Beach 7 8 8 2 Orange 1 1 1 1 Rancho Santa Margarita 1 1 1 0 San Clemente 1 1 1 1 Santa Ana 7 8 8 8

Villa Park 1 Yorba Linda 0 CSU Fullerton 3 5 5 0 UC Irvine 1 1 1 1

Placer County 2 2 0 Roseville 2 2 0

Plumas County 0 0 0 0

(continued)

12 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

Riverside County bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 47 54 51 33 Sheriffs Dept 3 4 3 6 Calimesa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 2 2 0 Corona 3 4 4 4 Eastvale 4 4 4 Hemet 2 5 5 3

Jurupa bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 2 3 2 2 La Quinta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Lake Elsinore bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 0 Moreno Valley bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull

Murrieta bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull 2 2 2

Palm Desert 1 1 1 1 Palm Springs 6 6 6 5 Riverside 12 12 12 5 Temecula 4 4 4 1

Riverside Comm College 2 2 UC Riverside 2 2 2 0

Sacramento County 38 57 56 47 Sheriffs Dept bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull 20 29 28 31 Citrus Heights 2 2 0 Sacramento bull bull bull bull bull bull 0 bull bull bull bull bull bull bull 17 26 26 16

San Benito County 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino County 23 28 27 17 Sheriffs Dept 1 2 2 Adela no Apple Valley 2 4 4 4 Chino 3 3 3 Chino Hills 0

Colton 2 3 3 0 Highland 1 1 1 1 Hesperia 1 1 1 1 Montclair 3 4 3 3 Ontario 2 2 2 1

Redlands 1 1 1 0 San Bernardino 1 1 1 2 Upland 1 1 1 1 0 Victorville 2 2 2 0 Yucaipa 1 1 1 1 2

San Diego County I

102 131 130 121 Sheriffs Dept 1 24 25 25 31 Chula Vista

I 4 4 4 2

Coronado 1 1 1 1 1 0 El Cajon 1 2 2 3 Encinitas 1 1 1 1

Escondido 9 13 13 19 La Mesa 2 2 2 2 Lemon Grove 2 2 2 3 National City 2 5 4 1 Oceanside 1 bull bull bull middot 9 14 14 12

Poway 0 San Diego 35 46 46 35 San Diego Harbor San Marcos 2 2 2 3 Vista 4 6 6 4

CSU San Diego CSU San Marcos 2 2 2 0 UC San Diego 3 3 3

(continued)

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 13

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Events Offenses Victims Suspects

San Francisco County 46 55 53 54 San Francisco 41 50 48 54 San Francisco BART 3 3 3 0 UC San Francisco 2 2 2 0

San Joaquin County 8 11 11 11 Lodi 3 3 3 2 Stockton 2 3 3 Tracy 2 3 3 3 Stockton Unified School District 2 2 5

San Luis Obispo County 6 8 8 9 Atascadero 3 3 3 Paso Robles 0 San Luis Obispo 4 4 4 6

San Mateo County 7 11 11 5 Daly City 1 Pacifica 3 6 6 Redwood City San Mateo 0 San Mateo BART 2 2 2

Santa Barbara County 6 7 7 5 Santa Barbara 2 3 3 3 Santa Maria Allan Hancock College 3 3 3

Santa Clara County 37 43 43 23 Sheriffs Dept 2 2 2 2 Campbell Cupertino 4 4 4 Gilroy 0 Los Gatos 5 5 0

Milpitas 0 Palo Alto 4 6 6 0 San Jose 16 16 16 17 Saratoga 0 Sunnyvale 3 3 3 0

CSU San Jose 2 2 2 Santa Clara Transit District 1 1 1

Santa Cruz County 23 30 29 24 Sheriffs Dept 8 9 9 8 Capitola 2 Santa Cruz 10 14 13 11 Scotts Valley 2 2 Watsonville 3 4 4 2

Shasta County 14 19 18 7 Redding 14 19 18 7

Sierra County 0 0 0 0

Siskiyou County 0 0 0 0

Solano County 4 4 4 6 Sheriffs Dept 4 Benicia 0 Vallejo 2 2 2 2

Sonoma County 7 8 8 3 Sheriffs Dept 4 5 5 Santa Rosa 0 Sonoma Co Jr College 2 2 2 2

Stanislaus County 9 11 10 16 Sheriffs Dept 2 3 3 4 Hughson 0 Modesto 5 5 5 9 Turlock 2 3

(continued)

14 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 6- continued HATE CRIMES 2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects by County and Jurisdiction

County and jurisdiction

Sutter County

Events

0

Offenses

0

Victims

0

Suspects

0

Tehama County 0 0 0 0

Trinity County middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 0 0 0 0

Tulare County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot Tulare

4 7 7 3

Visalia 2 5 5

Tuolumne County Sheriffs Dept middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddot Sonora

2 2 2 2

Ventura County middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddot Sheriffs Dept Camarillo

23 4 4

28 7 5

28 7 5

24 8 6

Oxnard 5 5 5 4 Santa Paula middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot 1 1 1 1 Simi Valley middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middot 3 3 3 1

Thousand Oaks middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddot middotbullmiddotmiddot Ventura

3 3

4 3

4 3

1 3

Yolo County Davis

5 5

5 5

5 5

4 4

Yuba County Sheriffs Dept Marysville

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

3 2 1

Multiple-bias total 2 5 3 4

Note Only those jurisdictions that reported a hate crime are listed in this table

Table 7A SUMMARY OF CASES REFERRED TO PROSECUTORS

BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES AND TYPE OF FILINGS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency

Hate crime cases referred to

prosecutors

Cases rejected

Criminal case filings

Type of case filing Cases filed as

Cases filed as non-bias

hate crimes motivated crimes

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Numbe Percent Number Percent

Total 308 1000 90 292 216 701 158 731 58 269

County District Attorneys Elected City Attorneys

274 34

890 11 0

69 21

252 61 8

200 16

730 471

147 11

73 5 688

53 5

265 31 3

Table 78 SUMMARY OF HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 15

Hate crime Hate crime convictions All other Total hate crime Agency cases with Not convicted Guilty plea convictions convictions Trial verdict dispositions nolo contendere

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total 124 1000 17 137 58 468 49 395 41 837 8 163

County District Attorneys 117 944 17 145 53 453 47 402 39 830 8 170 Elected City Attorneys 7 56 0 00 5 714 2 286 2 1000 0 00

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 8 CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

Total 308 158 58

County District Attorneys 274 147 53

Alameda 3 4 0 Alpine 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 Butte 3 1 0 Calaveras 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 Contra Costa 4 4 0 Del Norte 0 0 0 ElDorado 2 0 1 Fresno 5 2 2

Glenn 1 0 Humboldt 2 0 Imperial 0 0 lnyo 0 0 Kern 2 0 0

Kings 4 0 4 Lake 2 0 2 Lassen 0 0 0 Los Angeles 77 52 1 Madera 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 Monterey 1 0 Napa 5 3 Nevada 0 0 0 Orange 16 8 4

Placer 1 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 Riverside 17 5 7 Sacramento 10 7 3 San Benito 0 0 0

(continued)

16 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 8- continued CASES REFERRED BY LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

AND TYPE OF FILINGS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Agency Total hate crime cases referred

Total cases filed as hate crimes

Total cases filed as non-bias motivated

crimes

San Bernardino 5 2 San Diego 17 11 6 San Francisco 24 16 2 San Joaquin 2 2 0 San Luis Obispo 0 1

San Mateo 2 2 0 Santa Barbara 2 1 Santa Clara 17 7 4 Santa Cruz 6 1 Shasta 7 2

Sierra 0 0 0 Siskiyou 3 3 0 Solano 1 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 Stanislaus 3 2 0

Sutter 0 0 Tehama 1 1 0 Trinity 0 0 0 Tulare 3 3 0 Tuolumne 0 0

Ventura 11 2 6 Yolo 5 3 0 Yuba 4 3 0

Elected City Attorneys 34 11 5 Anaheim 1 0 Burbank 0 0 0 Inglewood 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0

Los Angeles 20 5 3 Pasadena 0 0 0 San Diego 12 4 2 Torrance 1 1 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 17

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 9 HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions

Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea

Trial Total nolo

verdict contendere

All other convictions

Total 124 17 107 49 41 8 58

County District Attorneys 117 17 100 47 39 8 53

Alameda 5 1 4 2 2 0 2 Alpine 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Amador 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Butte 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Calaveras 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colusa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Contra Costa 9 5 4 1 1 0 3 Del Norte 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ElDorado 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fresno 2 0 2 1 1 0 1

Glenn 1 0 1 1 0 0 Humboldt 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Imperial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lnyo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kern 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kings 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lake 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lassen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Los Angeles 29 4 25 12 7 5 13 Madera 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Marin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Mariposa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mendocino 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Merced 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Modoc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mono 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monterey 3 0 3 2 2 0 1 Napa 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nevada 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orange 6 0 6 6 6 0 0

Placer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Plumas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Riverside 9 0 9 3 3 0 6 Sacramento 6 1 5 3 3 0 2 San Benito 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Bernardino 0 0 0 0 San Diego 10 9 2 2 0 7 San Francisco 12 11 7 5 2 4 San Joaquin 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 San Luis Obispo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

San Mateo 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Santa Barbara 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Santa Clara 4 0 4 3 3 0 Santa Cruz 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Shasta 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Sierra 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Siskiyou 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Solano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sonoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stanislaus 2 0 2 0 0 0 2

(continued)

18 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 9 - continued HATE CRIME CASE DISPOSITIONS

AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

For the Period January 1 Through December 31 2012

Convictions

Agency Total

dispositions Not

convicted Total

convictions

Hate crime convictions Guilty plea Trial

Total nolo verdict contendere

All other convictions

Sutter 0 0 0 0 Tehama 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 Trinity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tulare 3 0 3 2 1 1 1 Tuolumne 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ventura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yolo 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Yuba bull 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Elected City Attorneys 7 0 7 2 2 0 5 Anaheim 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 Burbank 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inglewood middotmiddot middotmiddot middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot middotmiddot middot middotmiddot middotmiddot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Long Beach 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Los Angeles 3 0 3 1 1 0 2 Pasadena 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 San Diego 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 Torrance 0 0 0 0

Note The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies

Table 10 HATE CRIME CASES 2003-2012

COMPLAINTS FILED AND TOTAL CONVICTIONS AS REPORTED BY COUNTY DISTRICT ATTORNEYS AND ELECTED CITY ATTORNEYS

Type of 2003 2004 2005 2006 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions

Total 304 197 277 242 330 238 272 218

County District Attorneys 293 188 263 229 315 227 262 214 Elected City Attorneys 11 9 14 13 15 11 10 4

Type of 2007 2008 2009 2010 prosecuting Complaints Total Corn plaints Total Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions filed convictions Total 330 213 353 232 283 223 230 151

County District Attorneys 304 192 315 203 268 212 219 143 Elected City Attorneys 26 21 38 29 15 11 11 8

Type of 2011 2012 prosecuting Complaints Total Complaints Total

attorney filed convictions filed convictions Total 204 154 158 107

County District Attorneys 194 145 147 100 Elected City Attorneys 10 9 11 7

Notes The number of complaints filed by county district attorneys and elected city attorneys or the number of cases that resulted in hate crime convictions cannot be linked to the number of hate cr imes reported by law enforcement agencies In 2006 adjustments were made to the 2005 conviction data therefore counts do not match previously published data

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 19

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 11 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Events by Bias Motivation

20

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 201 0 2011 2012 Percent

change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1397 1000 1100 1000 1107 1000 1060 1000 930 1000 -376

Single-bias total 1491 1000 1409 1000 1397 1000 1306 1000 1426 1000 1 397 1000 1099 999 1107 1000 1057 997 928 998 -378

Raceethnicitynational origin 914 61 3 921 654 916 656 844 646 932 654 800 573 626 569 613 554 587 554 528 568 -422 Anti-white 85 57 61 43 77 55 64 49 73 51 42 30 39 35 47 42 35 33 40 4 3 -529 Anti-black 463 311 500 355 490 351 432 331 498 349 457 327 376 342 324 293 313 295 289 311 -376 Anti-Hispanic 103 69 138 98 147 105 153 117 160 112 147 105 81 74 11 9 107 88 83 88 95 -146 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 3 02 2 01 4 03 1 01 1 01 2 02 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 44 69 49 50 36 52 40 53 37 37 26 27 25 32 29 30 28 23 25 -652 Anti-multiple races group 34 23 45 32 61 44 45 34 51 36 47 34 34 31 34 31 37 35 22 24 Anti-other ethnicity

national origin 161 108 105 75 89 64 94 72 96 67 69 49 67 61 57 51 81 76 62 67 -615 1 Anti-citizenship status - - - - - 0 00 0 00 2 02 1 01

Religion 220 148 205 145 205 147 205 157 203 142 294 21 0 210 191 198 179 201 190 145 156 -341 Anti-Jewish 155 104 142 101 141 101 129 99 134 94 184 132 160 145 128 11 6 132 125 91 98 -41 3 Anti-Catholic 10 07 9 06 10 07 11 08 10 07 12 09 9 08 10 09 6 06 7 08 Anti-Protestant 7 05 3 02 10 07 13 10 11 08 8 06 3 03 6 05 1 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 13 29 21 12 09 14 11 13 09 11 08 13 12 22 20 17 16 20 22 Anti-other religion 27 18 19 13 25 18 23 18 24 17 63 45 22 20 25 23 38 36 21 23

Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 11 9 06 15 11 3 03 7 06 7 07 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 337 226 263 187 255 183 246 188 263 184 283 203 245 223 279 252 244 230 235 253 -303 Anti-gay 218 146 188 133 161 115 163 125 132 93 154 110 120 109 107 97 103 97 116 125 -468 Anti-lesbian 47 32 37 26 40 29 23 18 26 18 22 16 29 26 30 27 25 24 28 30 Anti-homosexual 71 48 36 26 49 35 57 44 101 71 102 73 95 86 136 123 111 105 88 95 239 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 3 02 0 00 3 03 2 02 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 4 03 3 02 2 01 2 01 1 01 3 03 3 03 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 03 3 02 3 02 3 02 4 03 4 04 5 05 7 07 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 0 1 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 02 3 03 3 03 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 2 02 1 01 2 01 2 02 2 02 4 04 2 02

Gender 19 13 16 11 18 13 8 06 25 18 16 11 14 13 12 11 18 17 18 19 Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 04 2 02 Anti-female 4 03 0 00 4 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 4 04 1 01 3 03 2 02 Anti-transgender 15 10 15 11 13 09 8 06 23 16 13 09 10 09 11 10 11 10 14 15

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - 1 01 0 00 3 03 2 02

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 1 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

Reporting of multiple-bias events began in 2009

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 21

Table 12 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Bias Motivation

Bias motivation 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Percent change

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Raceethnicitynational origin 1150 634 1172 662 1137 672 1145 673 1299 673 1042 567 862 604 818 574 775 575 683 582 -406 Anli-white 104 57 69 39 92 54 82 48 103 53 48 26 53 37 59 41 39 29 42 36 -596 Anli-black 586 323 613 346 607 359 588 345 680 352 594 323 498 349 425 298 397 295 386 329 -341 Anti-Hispanic 142 78 196 111 188 111 218 128 234 121 199 108 114 80 172 121 129 96 111 95 -218 Anti-American Indian

Alaskan native 2 01 5 03 2 01 5 03 1 01 1 01 2 01 0 00 1 01 3 03

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 82 4 5 91 51 58 34 74 43 74 38 47 26 32 22 40 28 34 25 29 25 -646 Anti-multiple races group 41 23 72 41 87 51 60 35 71 37 61 33 40 28 47 33 49 36 31 26 Anti-other ethnicity 00

national origin 193 106 126 71 103 61 11 8 69 136 70 92 50 123 86 75 53 123 91 80 68 -585 1 Anti-citizenship status bull - - - - - - - - - 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 0 1 -

Religion 243 134 250 141 226 134 227 133 246 127 329 179 235 165 228 160 227 169 166 141 -317 Anti-Jewish 174 96 176 99 157 93 146 8 6 171 89 201 109 179 125 147 103 142 105 106 90 -391 Anti-Catholic 10 06 9 05 11 07 11 06 11 06 13 07 9 06 10 07 6 04 7 06 Anti-Protestant 7 04 3 02 10 06 13 08 12 06 8 04 3 02 6 04 2 01 2 02 Anti-Islamic (Muslim) 19 10 37 21 13 08 14 08 14 07 14 08 14 10 26 18 26 19 24 20 Anti-other religion 31 17 22 12 28 17 28 16 25 13 76 41 26 18 29 20 44 33 23 20 -Anti-multiple religious group 2 01 3 02 6 04 14 08 9 05 16 09 4 03 10 07 7 05 3 03 Anti-atheism

agnosticismetc 0 00 0 00 1 01 1 01 4 02 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 01

Sexual orientation 399 220 327 185 306 181 317 186 349 181 445 242 308 21 6 358 251 310 230 296 252 -258 Anti-gay 256 141 231 131 192 114 206 121 159 82 223 121 152 107 133 93 132 98 140 11 9 -453 Anti-lesbian 58 32 48 27 52 31 29 17 42 22 32 17 37 26 43 30 31 23 36 31 -379 Anti-homosexual 84 4 6 46 26 54 32 79 4 6 143 74 185 101 118 83 176 124 142 105 117 100 393 Anti-heterosexual 0 00 1 01 3 02 0 00 3 02 3 02 0 00 3 02 2 01 1 01 Anti-bisexual 1 01 1 01 5 03 3 02 2 0 1 2 01 1 01 3 02 3 02 2 02

Physicalmental disability 1 01 4 02 3 02 4 02 3 02 4 02 4 03 5 04 7 05 2 02 Anti-physical disability 1 01 2 01 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 3 02 3 02 0 00 Anti-mental disability 0 00 2 01 0 00 3 02 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 4 03 2 02

Gende~ 22 12 17 10 19 11 9 05 34 18 17 09 16 11 16 11 20 15 22 19 -Anti-male 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 03 3 03 Anti-female bull 4 02 0 00 5 03 0 00 2 01 3 02 5 04 1 01 4 03 3 03 -Anti-transgender 18 10 16 09 13 08 9 05 32 17 14 08 11 08 15 11 12 09 16 14

Multiple-bias total - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Anti-other ethnicitynational origin includes Arab or Middle Eastern bias motiviated hate crimes For a more complete definition of each criminal justice term please refer to Appendix 2 Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009 2Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

22

H

ATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012

Table 13 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012 Offenses by Type of Crime

Type of crime 2003

Number Percent

2004

Number Percent

2005

Number Percent

2006

Number Percent

2007

Number Percent

2008

Number Percent

2009

Number Percent

201 0

Number Percent

2011

Number Percent

2012

Number Percent

Percent change

2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356

Violent crimes 1252 690 1135 641 1096 648 1044 613 1252 648 1173 639 906 635 893 627 825 612 761 648 -392 Murder 4 02 0 00 1 01 1 01 2 01 2 01 2 01 1 01 1 01 0 00 -Forcible rape 2 01 0 00 1 01 1 01 0 00 2 01 4 03 1 01 0 00 2 02 -Robbery 61 34 60 34 36 21 39 23 73 38 55 30 41 29 42 29 44 33 34 29 -443 Aggravated assault 179 99 246 139 317 187 376 221 386 200 281 153 216 151 203 142 193 143 235 200 313 Simple assault 477 263 360 203 298 176 310 182 320 166 341 186 254 178 284 199 239 177 239 204 -499 Intimidation 529 291 469 265 443 262 317 186 471 244 492 268 389 273 362 254 348 258 251 214 -526

Property crimes 563 31 0 635 359 595 352 658 387 679 352 664 361 519 364 532 373 514 382 408 348 -275 Burglary 25 14 27 15 27 16 24 14 47 24 14 08 18 13 22 15 32 24 12 10 -

Larceny-theft 3 02 4 02 5 03 8 05 4 02 14 08 7 05 6 04 6 04 3 03 -Motor vehicle theft 0 00 0 00 3 02 1 01 7 04 2 01 1 01 1 01 1 01 2 02 -Arson 5 03 11 06 7 04 12 07 6 03 12 07 18 13 8 06 8 06 9 08 -Destructionvandalism 530 292 593 335 553 327 613 360 615 31 8 622 339 475 333 495 347 467 347 382 325 -279

Multiple-bias total - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04 -Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding

Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported In 2001 a hierarchy rule was used to count the various types of crime For a further explanation of the hierarchy rule see Appendix 1

Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 14 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Location

Percent

HATE

CRIM

E IN

CA

LIFORN

IA 2

012 23

Location 2003 2004 2005

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2006 2007 2008

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2009 2010 2011 201 2

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

change 2003-2012

Total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1427 1000 1425 1000 1347 1000 1174 1000 -353

Single-bias total 1815 1000 1770 1000 1691 1000 1702 1000 1931 1000 1837 1000 1425 999 1425 1000 1339 994 1169 996 -356 1 Abandoncondemned structure - - - - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 -

Airbustrain terminal Amusement Park 1

27 15 -

31 -

18 -

17 10 6 -

04 -

16 08 19 10 -

10 07 -

25 -

18 20 1

15 01

39 0

33 00

Banksavings and loan Barnight club

1 23

01 13

3 27

02 15

4 24

02 14

2 21

01 12

3 41

02 21

2 38

01 21

0 23

00 16

0 31

00 22

4 17

03 13

0 17

00 14

Campcampground Churchsynagoguetemple 66

-36

-74

-42 84 50

-84

-4 9 72 37 110

-60 85

-60

-66 46

0 79

00 59

3 44

03 37 -333

Commercialoffice building Construction site

42 4

23 02

48 3

2 7 02

38 1

22 01

30 3

18 02

38 3

20 02

34 2

19 01

38 2

2 7 01

37 1

26 01

24 3

18 02

15 3

13 03

--

Convenience store 27 15 27 15 27 16 12 07 7 04 13 07 12 08 7 05 14 10 16 14 -Daycare facility 1

- - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01 DepartmenUdiscount store 21 12 10 06 9 05 4 02 10 05 7 04 5 04 12 08 10 07 6 05 -DockwharffreighUmodal terminal Drug storeDrs officehospital Farm facility 1

16 -

09 -

-11

-

-06

-6 04

-5 -

-03

-

-5

-03

-6

-03

-

-4

-03

-

0 6 -

00 04

0 4 3

00 03 02

1 5 0

01 04 00

-

Fieldwoodspark Gambling facilitycasinorace track 1

GovernmenUpublic building

51

15

28 -

08

31 -

10

18 -

06

38

17

22

10

38 -

25

22 -

15

83

29

43

15

52

80

28 -

44

60

20

42 -

14

28 -

17

20

12

8 1

11

06 01 08

7 2

15

06 02 13

-863

Grocerysupermarket Highwayroadalleystreet

9 543

05 299

11 536

06 303

14 456

08 270

11 545

06 320

18 569

09 295

8 509

04 277

11 369

08 259

9 357

06 251

17 357

13 265

6 318

05 271 -41 4

Hotelmoteletc 10 06 13 07 8 05 9 05 10 05 7 04 12 08 4 03 2 01 11 09 -Industrial site - - - - - - - - 0 00 2 02 Jailprison Lakewaterwaybeach

7 6

04 03

18 12

10 07

14 15

08 09

10 9

06 05

33 11

17 06

22 4

12 02

21 5

15 04

25 5

18 04

14 3

10 02

19 4

16 03

Liquor store 8 04 4 02 7 04 5 03 11 06 1 01 7 05 4 03 4 03 4 03 -Parkplaygound1

Parking loUgarage Rental storage facility Residencehomedriveway

107 0

570

-59 00

314

-86

3 551

-4 9 02

311

138 0

511

82 00

302

-135

0 504

-79 00

296

117 0

571

61 00

296

-132

0 500

-72 00

272

-80

0 406

-56 00

285

-92

1 459

65 01

322

21 97

3 400

16 72 02

297

30 70

3 334

26 6 0 03

284

--346

-414 Rest area - - - - - - - - - 0 00 1 01

Restaurant 33 18 49 28 48 28 40 24 48 25 60 33 30 21 39 27 34 25 21 18 Schoolcollege 150 83 155 88 176 104 152 89 182 94 186 101 177 124 144 101 132 98 104 89 -307 Servicegas station

Sheltermissionhomeless 1

9 05 -

11 -

06 -

11 07 7 -

04 -

13 07 20 -

11 -

8 -

06 -

15 -

11 -

8 0

06 00

7 2

06 02

--

Shopping mall - - - - - - - - - - 11 08 18 15 -Specialty store (1V fur etc) Otherunknown

48 22

26 12

38 8

21 05

19 9

11 05

12 33

07 19

13 28

07 15

4 21

02 11

16 24

11 17

13 28

09 20

9 28

07 21

12 27

10 23

-

Multiple-bias total2 - - - - - - - - 2 01 0 00 8 06 5 04

Notes Percentages may not add to subtotals or 1000 because of rounding Dash indicates that percent changes are not calculated when the base number (2003) is less than 50 or that no data were reported

Locations added in 2011 Reporting of multiple-bias offenses began in 2009

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 15 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events Offenses Victims and Suspects

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201 1 2012

Events 1491 1409 1397 1306 1426 1397 1100 1107 1060 930

Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1427 1425 1347 1174

Victims 1815 1741 1640 1611 1764 1698 1321 1320 1232 1136

Suspects 1629 1495 1589 1612 1627 1473 1202 1092 1010 937

Table 16 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

RaceEthnicityNational Origin 914 921 916 844 932 800 626 613 587 528

Rel igion 220 205 205 205 203 294 210 198 201 145

Sexual Orientation 337 263 255 246 263 283 245 279 244 235

PhysicalMental Disability 1 4 3 3 3 4 4 5 7 2

Gender 19 16 18 8 25 16 14 12 18 18

Table 17 RACEETHNICITYNATIONAL ORIGIN HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-White 85 61 77 64 73 42 39 47 35 40

Anti-Black 463 500 490 432 498 457 376 324 313 289

Anti-Hispanic 103 138 147 153 160 147 81 119 88 88

Anti-American IndianAlaskan Native 2 3 2 4 1 1 2 0 1 3

Anti-AsianPacific Islander 66 69 50 52 53 37 27 32 30 23

Anti-Multiple Races Group 34 45 61 45 51 47 34 34 37 22

Anti-Other EthnicityNational Origin 1 Anti-citizenship status

161

-105

-89

-94

-96

-69

-67

0

57

0

81

2

62

1

1Reporting of anti-citizenship status bias motivation began in 2009

24 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 18 RELIGION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Jewish 155 142 141 129 134 184 160 128 132 91

Anti-Catholic 10 9 10 11 10 12 9 10 6 7

Anti-Protestant 7 3 10 13 11 8 3 6 1 2

Anti-Islamic (Muslim)

Anti-Other Religion

Anti-Multiple Religious Group

Anti-AtheismAgnosticismetc

19

27

2

0

29

19

3

0

12

25

6

1

14

23

14

1

13

24

9

2

11

63

15

1

13

22

3

0

22

25

7

0

17

38

7

0

20

21

3

1

Table 19 SEXUAL ORIENTATION HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Bias Motivation

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Anti-Gay

Anti-Lesbian

218

47

188

37

161

40

163

23

132

26

154

22

120

29

107

30

103

25

116

28

Anti-Homosexual 71 36 49 57 101 102 95 136 111 88

Anti-Heterosexual

Anti-Bisexual

0

1

1

1

1

4

0

3

2

2

3

2

0

1

3

3

2

3

1

2

Table 20 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Single-Bias Offenses by Type of Crime

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 25

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total Offenses 1815 1770 1691 1702 1931 1837 1425 1425 1339 1169

Violent Offenses 1252 1135 1096 1044 1252 1173 906 893 825 761

Property Offenses 563 635 595 658 679 664 519 532 514 408

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Table 21 VIOLENT HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Murder 4 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 0

Forcible Rape 2 0 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2

Robbery 61 60 36 39 73 55 41 42 44 34

Aggravated Assault 179 246 317 376 386 281 216 203 193 235

Simple Assault 477 360 298 310 320 341 254 284 239 239

Intimidation 529 469 443 317 471 492 389 362 348 251

Table 22 PROPERTY HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Offenses by Type of Crime

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Burglary

Larceny-Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

25 3

0

27 4

0

27 5

3

24 8

1

47 4

7

14 14

2

18 7

1

22 6

1

32 6

1

12 3

2

Arson 5 11 7 12 6 12 18 8 8 9 DestructionNandalism 530 593 553 613 615 622 475 495 467 382

Table 23 HATE CRIMES 2003-2012

Events by Location

26 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

ChurchSynagogue 64 70 82 80 69 107 76 62 73 43

Highway 425 398 372 395 405 363 277 272 263 254 Parking Lot 89 76 107 99 97 110 69 74 80 56 Residence 454 424 412 350 406 388 303 320 307 236 School 141 135 152 136 150 148 133 133 111 94

All Other Locations 318 306 272 246 299 281 242 246 226 247

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Appendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known LimitationsAppendix 1 Data Characteristics and Known Limitations

Crime Data

Local law enforcement agencies are required to submit monthly copies of hate crime

reports to the Department of Justice (DOJ) in compliance with California Penal Code

section 13023 California Penal Code section 42255 defines a hate crime as ldquoa

criminal act committed in whole or in part because of one or more of the following

actual or perceived characteristics of the victim (1) disability (2) gender

(3) nationality (4) race or ethnicity (5) religion (6) sexual orientation (7) association

with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristicsrdquo

The following information and limitations should be considered when using hate

crime data

1) A hate crime event contains the occurrence of one or more criminal offenses

committed against one or more victims by one or more suspects or perpetrators

Victims can have more than one offense committed against them

2) Hate crimes reported by law enforcement agencies are counted in a specific way

In each hate crime event the DOJ counts the total number of victims the total

number of suspects and the total number of criminal offenses in one event These

totals are then classified and counted by type of bias motivation (anti-black anti-

Hispanic anti-Jewish anti-gay etc) type of crime (murder aggravated assault

burglary destructionvandalism etc) the location where the crime took place

(residence street synagogue school etc) and the type of victim (individual or

property)

3) The hate crime reporting system was implemented by the DOJ in 1994 Law

enforcement agencies submit copies of initial crime reports to the DOJ Crime

reports that were submitted as hate crimes but later determined to be unfounded

were not included

4) The DOJ requested that each law enforcement agency establish procedures

incorporating a two-tier review (decision-making) process The first level is done

by the initial officer who responds to the suspected hate crime incident At the

second level each report is reviewed by at least one other officer to confirm that

the event was in fact a hate crime

5) Caution should be used when making jurisdictional comparisons The following

factors should be considered cultural diversity and population density size of

law enforcement agencies and the training received in the identification of hate

crimes by law enforcement officers in each jurisdiction

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 27 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201226

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

28 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

County District Attorney and Elected City Attorney Prosecutorial Data

The following information and limitations should be considered when interpreting

hate crime cases

1) In order to show the criminal justice systemrsquos response to hate crimes in 1995 the

Attorney General asked all district attorneys and elected city attorneys to submit

summary data of complaints filed and convictions secured

2) The 2012 District Attorneyrsquos and Elected City Attorneyrsquos Report File of Hate

Crime Cases contains summary data based on cases referred to each district

attorney or elected city attorney and filings and convictions that occurred from

January 1 2012 through December 31 2012

3) When viewing prosecutorial data it is not possible to relate the number of hate

crimes reported by law enforcement agencies to the number of hate crimes

prosecuted by district attorneys and elected city attorneys First crimes often

occur in different reporting years than their subsequent prosecutions Second the

number of crimes reported by law enforcement is much higher than those calling

for prosecutorial action since the latter requires an arrested defendant who can be

prosecuted in a court of law

4) All prosecutorial data includes hate crimes committed by both juvenile and adult

defendants

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 29

6) The following factors may influence the volume of hate crimes reported to the

DOJ

Cultural practices of individuals and their likeliness to report hate crimes to

law enforcement agencies

Strength and investigative emphasis of law enforcement agencies

Policies of law enforcement agencies

Community policing policies

7) From 1995 to 2001 a ldquohierarchy rulerdquo was used to count the various types of hate

crimes (murder intimidation vandalism etc) This method counted the most

serious offense in a hate crime event and counted all additional offenses in

multiple-offense events under the most serious crime count For example a crime

event that had two offenses mdash a simple assault and an aggravated assault mdash

would be counted as two aggravated assaults Trend analysis for these years can

be performed since the unit of count is consistent

In 2002 the DOJ began counting each offense in each hate crime event whether

they had one offense (a majority of events) or multiple offenses (a minority of

events) This change was implemented to more accurately count each type of

criminal offense Using this new counting standard comparisons and trend

analysis should be limited to 2002 and forward

In 2009 the DOJ began collecting information on hate crimes involving multiple-

bias motivations Law enforcement agencies were able to report up to five bias

motivations for each hate-related event as long as there was a unique offense for

each bias motivation

In 2011 the DOJ expanded the acceptable location codes for the California hate

crime data collection system to reflect modifications implemented at the national

level

8) A significant reason for the disparity between individual victims and victims that

are an entity is due to the DOJrsquos Criminal Justice Statistics Centerrsquos use of the

Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reporting program standards A

property crime against an entity (a business religious organization government

institution etc) can only be counted as one victim whereas a crime committed

against an individual can have more than one victim per crime event

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201228

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 30

Homosexual

Known Suspect

Lesbian

Location

Multi-Racial

Nolo Contendere

Offenses

PhysicalMental Disability Bias

Property Crimes

Racial Bias

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Aggravated Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

Bisexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

Case ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Complaints Filed ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

Conviction ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

Disposition ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

Ethnic Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

Event ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

Gay ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

Guilty Plea ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

Heterosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012 31

Appendix 2 Criminal Justice GlossaryAppendix 2 Criminal Justice Glossary

Aggravated Assault

Bias

Bisexual

Case

Complaints Filed

Conviction

Disposition

Ethnic Bias

Event

Gay

Guilty Plea

Heterosexual

ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purposes

of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury This type of assault usually is

accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily

harm (Federal Bureau of Investigationrsquos Uniform Crime Reporting [UCR] definition)

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their

race ethnicity national origin religion gender sexual orientation or physicalmental

disability

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to both males and females (noun) a bisexual person

ndash A set of facts about a crime that is referred to a district attorney for filing with a

court The case may charge one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash Any verified written accusation filed by a district attorney with a

criminal court that charges one or more persons with the commission of one or more

offenses (For this report the case must contain some element of bias)

ndash A judgment based on the verdict of a jury or a judicial officer or on a guilty

plea or a nolo contendere plea of the defendant

ndash In criminal procedure the sentencing or other final settlement of a criminal

case

ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons of the

same race or national origin who share common or similar traits in language custom and

tradition

ndash An occurrence when a hate crime is involved (In this report the information

about the event is a crime report or source document that meets the criteria for a hate

crime) There may be one or more suspects involved one or more victims targeted and

one or more offenses involved for each event

ndash Of or relating to males who experience a sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other males (noun) a homosexual male

ndash A defendantrsquos formal answer in open court stating that the charge is true

and that he or she is guilty of the crime charged

ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of the opposite sex (noun) a heterosexual person

HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 201230

Homosexual ndash Of or relating to persons who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to members of their own sex (noun) a homosexual person

Known Suspect ndash Any person alleged to have committed a criminal act or attempted

criminal act to cause physical injury emotional suffering or property damage The

known suspect category contains the number of suspects that have been identified andor

alleged to have committed hate crimes as stated in the crime report For example

witnesses observe three suspects fleeing the scene of a crime The word ldquoknownrdquo does

not necessarily refer to specific identities

Lesbian ndash Of or relating to females who experience sexual attraction toward and

responsiveness to other females (noun) a homosexual female

Location ndash The place where the hate crime event occurred The location categories

follow UCR location specifications developed by the FBI Examples are residence hotel

bar church etc

Multi-Racial ndash A hate crime that involves more than one victim or suspect and where

the victims or suspects are from two or more different race groups such as African

American and white or Hispanic and Asian

Nolo Contendere ndash A plea or answer in a criminal action in which the accused does not

admit guilt but agrees to be subject to the same punishment as if he or she were guilty

Offenses ndash Criminal acts that are recorded as follows murder forcible rape robbery

aggravated assault burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson simple assault

intimidation and destructionvandalism as defined in the UCR and the national Hate

Crimes Statistics Report

PhysicalMental Disability Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a

group of persons based on physical or mental impedimentschallenges whether such

disabilities are congenital or acquired by heredity accident injury advanced age or

illness

Property Crimes ndash Burglary larceny-theft motor vehicle theft arson and

destructionvandalism are reported as property crimes

Racial Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons such

as Asians blacks or whites based on physical characteristics

Relationship Between ldquoComplaints Filedrdquo and ldquoConvictionsrdquo ndash The annual

prosecutorial report collects data on the total number of hate crime cases filed and the

total number of hate crime convictions There is no direct relationship between

ldquocomplaints filedrdquo and ldquoconvictionsrdquo since a case may be filed in one year and the

outcome (trial or pleading) may occur in another

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov

32 HATE CRIME IN CALIFORNIA 2012

Religious Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons

based on religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the

existence or nonexistence of a supreme being Examples are Catholics Jews Protestants

or Atheists

Sexual-Orientation Bias ndash A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of

persons based on sexual preferences andor attractions toward and responsiveness to

members of their own or opposite sexes

Simple Assault ndash An unlawful attack by one person upon another that does not involve

the use of a firearm knife cutting instrument or other dangerous weapon and in which

there were no serious or aggravated injuries to the victim (FBIrsquos UCR definition)

Trial Verdict ndash The finding or answer of a jury or judge concerning a matter submitted to

them for their judgment

Uniform Crime Reporting ndash A federal reporting system that provides data on crime

based on police statistics submitted by law enforcement agencies throughout the nation

The DOJ administers and forwards the data for California to the federal program

Victim ndash An individual a business or financial institution a religious organization

government or other For example if a church or synagogue is vandalized or desecrated

the victim would be a religious organization

Violent Crimes ndash Murder forcible rape robbery aggravated assault simple assault and

intimidation are considered violent crimes in this report (Robbery is included in crimes

against property in the FBI Hate Crimes Statistics Report)

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

The annual Hate Crime in California report is mandated by California Penal section

13023 The Department extends its appreciation to all the law enforcement agencies

district attorneyrsquos and elected city attorneyrsquos offices that provided complete and

timely data This report would not have been possible without their cooperation

An electronic version of this report and other reports are available on the California

Attorney Generalrsquos website at httpoagcagov