Hanukkah

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The Feast of Dedication Hanukkah (hK'nUx] ) The Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah [hK'nUx] ] in Hebrew) commemorates a great military victory and a miracle of dedication that occurred in the time between the prophets and the coming of Jesus. It is a postbiblical (or postTorah) festival, but it is one which Jesus himself celebrated. As a matter of fact, the only place where the festival and its celebration is mentioned in Scripture is John 10:22, where it is called “The Feast of the Dedication.” Hanukkah is also called “The Festival of Lights.” In the era following the restoration of Jerusalem after Israel’s Babylonian captivity, the Jewish people experienced a time of rapidly shifting political situations. Various kingdoms that surrounded the tiny province of Judea vied for military or political control over this key area. During this time, Antiochus IV set out to expand the Seleucid empire. Initially, the leaders of Israel considered this an auspicious event, for Antiochus seemed to have come in peace and had freed them from Ptolemaic oppression. After some three years of seeming benevolence in which he acted amicably toward Judea, Antiochus adopted a policy of forcing Hellenic “civilization” on the various provinces under his power. He demanded that all his subjects accept the philosophy and religion of the Greeks. Initially, he promoted syncretism, a blending of the concepts of Hellenism with the religions and philosophies of the many “uncivilized” peoples in his realm. When such efforts confronted Israel, they were welcomed by much of the aristocracy of Jewish society which sought accommodation with the neighboring civil and religious powers in order to improve their political and economic positions. Finally, Antiochus brought into God’s temple a statue of Zeus, the king of the Greek gods, and inaugurated worship to the idol image that involved sacrificing swine on the temple altar. He also established houses of prostitution within the temple confines, and he engaged in ritual murder of those who opposed his policy of forced Hellenization. The three commandments which Jews must not break even at the expense of suffering martyrdom 1 were regularly violated in the very temple itself. Then, in disgust and anger, certain Judeans cried out, “Enough!” Led by Judas, the son of Mattathias, they mounted a guerilla action against the Seleucid occupational force. Because of his success, Judas was dubbed the Maccabee (hammer). This campaign continued until Antiochus and his forces were expelled from Judea.

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Transcript of Hanukkah

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The Feast of Dedication Hanukkah (hK'nUx])  

The Feast of Dedication  (Hanukkah  [hK'nUx]]  in Hebrew) commemorates a great military victory 

and a miracle of dedication that occurred in the time between the prophets and the coming of Jesus. It 

is a post‐biblical (or post‐Torah) festival, but it is one which Jesus himself celebrated. As a matter of fact, 

the only place where the festival and its celebration is mentioned in Scripture is John 10:22, where it is 

called “The Feast of the Dedication.” Hanukkah is also called “The Festival of Lights.” 

In  the  era  following  the  restoration  of  Jerusalem  after  Israel’s  Babylonian  captivity,  the  Jewish 

people experienced a time of rapidly shifting political situations. Various kingdoms that surrounded the 

tiny province of Judea vied for military or political control over this key area. During this time, Antiochus 

IV  set out  to expand  the Seleucid empire.  Initially,  the  leaders of  Israel considered  this an auspicious 

event, for Antiochus seemed to have come in peace and had freed them from Ptolemaic oppression. 

After  some  three  years  of  seeming  benevolence  in  which  he  acted  amicably  toward  Judea, 

Antiochus adopted a policy of forcing Hellenic “civilization” on the various provinces under his power. 

He  demanded  that  all  his  subjects  accept  the  philosophy  and  religion  of  the  Greeks.  Initially,  he 

promoted syncretism, a blending of the concepts of Hellenism with the religions and philosophies of the 

many “uncivilized” peoples  in his realm. When such efforts confronted  Israel, they were welcomed by 

much of the aristocracy of Jewish society which sought accommodation with the neighboring civil and 

religious powers in order to improve their political and economic positions. 

Finally, Antiochus brought  into God’s  temple  a  statue of  Zeus,  the  king of  the Greek  gods,  and 

inaugurated worship  to  the  idol  image  that  involved  sacrificing  swine  on  the  temple  altar.  He  also 

established houses of prostitution within the temple confines, and he engaged in ritual murder of those 

who opposed his policy of forced Hellenization. The three commandments which Jews must not break 

even at the expense of suffering martyrdom1 were regularly violated in the very temple itself. 

Then,  in  disgust  and  anger,  certain  Judeans  cried  out,  “Enough!”  Led  by  Judas,  the  son  of 

Mattathias,  they mounted  a  guerilla  action  against  the  Seleucid  occupational  force.  Because  of  his 

success,  Judas was dubbed the Maccabee  (hammer). This campaign continued until Antiochus and his 

forces were expelled from Judea.  

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When the victorious Maccabess returned to the desecrated temple, they destroyed the idol images 

and  began  to  rededicate  the  temple  to  its  former  order.  They  immediately  began  construction  of  a 

menorah of silver or other metal until a menorah of gold could be fabricated. When a search was made 

to  find  consecrated olive oil  for  lighting  the menorah, one  flask  alone was  found  that had not been 

broken or polluted, representing only a single day’s supply. Finally, on Kislev 25 in 165 B.C.E., the lamps 

were  lit  on  the menorah with  this  one  flask  of  oil.  Tradition  says  that  a miracle  occurred when  the 

lampstand was rekindled. The consecrated oil should have burned in the menorah for only 24 hours. The 

flames,  however,  continued  to  rise  from  the  lamp  of God  for  an  additional  seven  days.  This was  a 

witness  to God’s acceptance of his people’s dedication and  sacrifice both  to achieve  the victory over 

pagan forces and to restore his sanctuary to a state of ritual purity.  It was a graphic demonstration to 

the Jewish people that God’s approval was instant and evident upon their dedication. 

The  victory over Antiochus  and  the miracle of  the  light were  causes  for  celebration  among  the 

Jewish  people.  The  annual  festival  of  Hanukkah  was  instituted  immediately  and  became  instantly 

popular.  Since  that  time,  the  Jewish people have  celebrated  the  Festival of Dedication  to  remember 

their victory over the syncretism with Hellenism that nearly eviscerated Judaism. They have also rejoiced 

in the miracle of the light. Hanukkah joined the two seven‐day Torah festivals, Unleavened Bread (called 

Passover) and Tabernacles, as the third week‐long festival in Judaism. 

Today, Hanukkah  is  perhaps  the  second most  popularly  observed  of  the  Jewish  festivals  (after 

Passover).  Each  year,  Jewish  homes  around  the  world  are  illuminated  with  the  brightness  of  the 

hanukkiah (nine‐branched menorah) as they celebrate victory over oppression and false religion, honor 

the maintenance of purity in celebration of the Torah against syncretism and compromise, and enjoy the 

blessing of light that is produced by dedication. 

Christians  can  commemorate Hanukkah by  constructing  celebrating  the  victory of God’s  light 

over Satan’s might. Symbols that help to bring the celebration to life and serve as object lessons include 

the hanukkiah, the menorah, the shofar, the prayer shawl, banners, and other biblical symbols. 

For detailed  information about Hanukkah, Sukkot,  read Our Lost Legacy: Christianity’s Hebrew 

Heritage  and  God’s  Lamp,  Man’s  Light:  Mysteries  of  the  Menorah  by  Dr.  John  D.  Garr  or  go  to 

www.HebraicCommunity.org  to  connect with  the  Stability  series  and  other  teaching materials  about 

virtually any subject relating to Christian celebrations of biblical festivals and Christian use of biblical and 

Jewish symbols. 

©  2009 Dr.  John D. Garr,  President, Hebraic  Christian Global  Community.  This material may  not  be  reproduced  in  any  form 

without the express written consent of the author. 

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