Apex4AdminsIntroduction to Coding for Admins and Non-CodersSamantha Ready

Senior Developer Evangelist

@samantha_ready

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Samantha Ready

Senior Developer Evangelist

@samantha_ready

Introduction to Apex & Visualforce

• Who is this workshop for?

• Clicks vs Code

• Beyond Declarative

• Apex 101

• How does Visualforce Work?

• SOQL for everyone

• Apex Triggers

• Apex Test Classes

#forcewebinar

Free Developer Environment

http://developer.salesforce.com/signup

bit.ly/apex4admins-df14

Two Approaches to Development

Visualforce Pages

Visualforce Components

Apex Controllers

Apex Triggers

Metadata API

REST API

Bulk API

Formula Fields

Validation Rules

Workflows and Approvals

Custom Objects

Custom Fields

Relationships

Page Layouts

Record Types

User

Interface

Business

Logic

Data

Model

Declarative Approach Programmatic Approach

Apex and Visualforce for Every Object, Every Field

Visualforce Pages

Visualforce Components

Apex Controllers

Apex Triggers

Custom UI

Custom Logic

Use to

introduce a

demo, video,

Q&A, etc. Let’s start with Apex…We’ll cover the basics of writing and reading Apex

What is Apex?

• Salesforce platform language

• Similar to Java

• Object-oriented

• Strongly typed

• Classes and Interfaces

• Cloud based compiling, debugging and unit testing

#forcewebinar

What Can You Do With Apex?

Visualforce Controllers

Inbound/Outbound

Email Services

Custom web services and

HTTP CalloutsDatabase Triggers

Scheduled and Batched Tasks

Data Types and Variables

• String favoriteBeer = ‘Lagunitas IPA’;

• Integer numberOfBeers = 6;

• Decimal bloodAlcoholLevel = 0.15

• Boolean isDrunk = true;

• Date courtDate = Date.today().addDays(30);

• DateTime timePulledOver = DateTime.now();

• Contact me = new Contact(FirstName = ‘Bud’, LastName = ‘Weiser’,

Email=‘BWeiser@yahoo.com’);

Data Collections

Data Collections are groupings of any data type

• Lists – can be ordered and indexed

• List<Contact> peopleToSpam = [SELECT Email, Id FROM Contact];

• Contact firstContact = peopleToSpam[0];

• Contact lastContact = peopleToSpam[peopleToSpam.size() -1];

• Sets – unordered lists with no dupes

• Maps – key value pairs

Dot Notation

• Similar syntax to merge fields in formula fields or email templates to access field

values from instance variables

• Decimal companyRev = myContact.Account.Revenue;

• User relatedProjectOwner = myContact.Project__c.Owner;

• List<Opportunity> opps = myContact.Account.Opportunities;

• Can also be used to call instance methods

• Integer numOpps = opps.size();

• String iLoveCaps = myContact.FirstName.capitalize();

Loops

The FOREACH loop will repeatedly execute for every element in the list

List<Contact> allContacts = [SELECT Id FROM Contact];

for (Contact currentContact : allContacts) {

// This is my contact Id. People love me!

currentContact.Best_Friend__c = ‘003i000000Mnm1R’;

}

Comparison Operators

Any statement that evaluates to True or False

Try and guess which below are True or False

presenter.Age __c >= marcBenioff.Age__c;

presenter.numSessionsAttended < 10

presenter.Gender __c != ‘Male’;

presenter.Sleep_hours __c == 5;

IF Statement

Similar to IF statements in formula fields, but more powerful

if (insert comparison operator) {

// Code that runs if the above is true

} else if (another comparison operator) {

// Code that runs if only the above line is true

} else {

// Code that runs if everything is false

}

Creating, updating, and deleting records

Commit action on a record or list of records to the database

• insert myLead;

• update myLead;

• delete myLead;

Use to

introduce a

demo, video,

Q&A, etc.

Now let’s talk about Apex in the context of Visualforce…

Visualforce

• Framework to build custom user interfaces

• Hosted natively on Force.com

• Build streamlined UX

• Extend Salesforce.com

• Customize for different devices

• Leverage other web technologies

Visualforce Controllers

• Provides access to data

• Logic for handling UI interaction

• Standard Controllers

• Same functionality as standard pages

• Save, delete, field access etc.

• Custom Controllers

• Written in Apex

• Override standard behavior

• Controller Extensions

#forcewebinar

MVC example

How do I connect a controller?

Standard or

custom objects

Defined at the

page level

Custom controller

logic to extend

standard controllers

Inherit standard CRUD

functionality.

If only using custom controllers,

use controller=“controllerName”

<apex:page standardController = “Restaurant__c” extensions=“ext1, ext2” />

Apex and Visualforce

Custom UIController

Demo 1 and 2 Visualforce with standard controllers and extensions

Pop Quiz

Where can Visualforce Pages be

used in your org?

Email

Templates

Embedded in Page

LayoutsGenerate PDFs

Custom Tabs

Mobile

Interfaces

Page Overrides

Where can I use Visualforce?

You can create tabs or go to /apex/[Page Name]

Mashups and External Sites

Pop Quiz

What would we use to query for lists of data programmatically if

we didn’t use a StandardController?

SOQL(Salesforce Object Query Language)

What's SOQL?

• Salesforce Object Query language

• Similar to SQL

• Streamlined syntax to traverse object relationships

• Built into Apex

• Query results returned as nested objects

• You can’t reference fields on queried instance variables without querying for them

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone != null

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone != null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone != null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

ORDER BY Name

SELECT Id, Name, Phone

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone != null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

ORDER BY Name

LIMIT 50

Details to Master

SELECT Id, Name, Phone, Account.Name

FROM Contact

WHERE Phone <> null

AND Name LIKE '%rose%'

ORDER BY Name

LIMIT 50

Master to Details

SELECT Name,

(SELECT FirstName, LastName, Phone

FROM Contacts)

FROM Account

Executing SOQL in the Developer Console

Pop Quiz

If I wanted to upload an image to use in a Visualforce

Page, where would I upload it in Setup?

Static

Resources

Hands-on Exercisebit.ly/apex4admins-df14Exercise: Visualforce Homepage Component

Use to

introduce a

demo, video,

Q&A, etc.

Now let’s talk about Apex in the context of Triggers…

What's a Trigger?

• Apex code executed on database events.

• Like a workflow, but with code and more flexibility

• Before or after:

• Insert

• Update

• Delete

• Undelete

• Best Practice: BULKIFY!

• Examples

• Modify the object being saved

• Create new objects

• Modify related objects

• Modify any object in the system

Before or After?

• Before

• Update or validate values before they are saved to the database

• Example: Prevent double-booking of a speaker

• After

• Need access to values set by the database (Id, lastUpdated, …)

• Example: Send speaker confirmation email

#forcewebinar

Anatomy of a Trigger

Chapter 1:

#forcewebinar

Glossary of Terms

•

• Salesforce Keyword

• Variable

• Free Text Important!

Pop Quiz

I want to create a Chatter post (FeedItem) on the related

account every time I create an Opportunity or change the stage.

Fill in the blanks:

Trigger postOpptyInfoToAccount on ??what?? (??when??)

Trigger postOpptyInfoToAccount on Opportunity (after insert,

after update)

Pop Quiz

I want to set a custom checkbox field (VIP__c) on Account if the

total Opportunities value exceeds $1M and the Account Rating

field is ‘Cold.’

Trigger setToVIP on ??what?? (??when??)

Trigger setToVIP on Account (before update)

Pop Quiz

When an Account is (or many Accounts are) inserted I want a

trigger that uses the Account Name and Billing State to set the

Description field to {!Account.Name} : {!Account.BillingState}

Trigger setDescription on ??what?? (??when??)

Trigger setDescription on Account (before insert, before update)

Hands-on Exercisebit.ly/apex4admins-df14Exercise: Visualforce Homepage Component

Use to

introduce a

demo, video,

Q&A, etc.

Now let’s talk about Apex in the context of Test Classes…

#forcewebinar

What is a Test Class?

• When do we use Test Classes?

• What are the requirements?

• Test Class vs. Trigger

• Why should I care?

Unit Testing

• Code to test code

• All data in a test class is transient

• Increases quality and predictability

• Unit test coverage is required to move code to production

• Must have at least 75% of code covered

• Coverage = lines of code exercised by tests / total line of code

#forcewebinar

Anatomy of a Test Class

@isTest

private class myClass {

static testMethod void myTest() {

// 1. Prepare temporary data

// 2. Start Test

// 3. Execute some code

// 4. Stop Test

// 5. Assert

}

}

#forcewebinar

Test and Assert

Test.startTest();

// Try to book speaker for session2

Session_Speaker__c booking2=

new Session_Speaker__c(Session__c=s2.Id, Speaker__c=sp.Id);

Database.SaveResult result = Database.insert(booking2, false);

Test.stopTest();

// Insert should fail: can't book same speaker for 2 sessions happening

// at same time

System.assert(!result.isSuccess());

Running Tests

Resources

• Developer Forums • http://developer.salesforce.com/forums

• SFDC99 – David’s Site• http://sfdc99.com

• Join the community

• #Apex4Admins #AskForce

www.SFDC99.com

Surveybit.ly/df-how-apex4admins

Samantha Ready

Senior Developer Evangelist

@samantha_ready

Show FlowDreamforce 2104 Breakout Session Show Flow Template

Notes

Session TitleIntroduction to Development on Force.com for Admins and Non-Coders

Presentation Device: Computer

Customer Speaker: You!

Salesforce Speakers: None at DF

Demo Device Computer

Demo Driver: You!

Deck Owner/Filename: Samantha Ready

0:00 Doors open

start 0:00 Start

takes 5 minutes 0:05 Welcome and Intros

3 min 0:08 Signup together for a DE

17 min 0:25 Intro Platform & Apex the Intro Platform Apex/Intro Visualforce timing is really based off of how you read the

20 min 0:45 Intro Visualforce audience… spend more time where is necessary, fundamentals are important

10 min 0:55 Visualforce Demo

5 min 1:00 SOQL

20 min 1:20 1st Hands-On

25 min 1:45 Triggers

20 min 2:05 2nd Hands-On

20 min 2:25 Unit Tests

5 min 2:30 Resources / Q&A