Handout

Handout

English Grammar

Exercises

October 2009

LORENA RAFAEL HANDOUT

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TO BE


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To Be

Fill in the chart on a piece of paper with the correct forms of the verb 'to be' in the present tense.

PositiveI ___________ from Seattle.HeSheIt

___________ from Toronto.

WeYouThey

___________ from Japan.

Questions

Where ___________ I from?

Where ___________hesheit

from?

Where ___________weyouthey

from?

Write down the correct use of the verb 'to be' for the subject Example: (She). There are positive, negative and questions. Click on the arrow to see the answer.

1. Where ____________________(he) from? 2. ____________________ (I) a teacher. 3. _____________________ (They) very hungry. 4. ____________________ (She/not) happy. 5. ____________________ (you) from Japan? 6. ____________________ (English) difficult. 7. _____________________ (We/not) hungry. 8. _____________________ (They) students?


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SIMPLE PRESENT


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A) Affirmative sentences.

1 I______________________ in Godella.(to live)2 Daisy _______________________ chocolate.(to love)3 Andy ___________________ too fast.(to drive)4 We ____________________ lunch at two.(to have)5 You ___________________________ great.(to look)

B) Negative sentences.

6 They _______________________ say much.7 Charlie _______________________ play golf.8 I ________________________ like hamburgers.9 Sammy and I _____________________ watch much TV.10 It ____________________ rain very often in Valencia.

C) Questions

11 _____________________ you play tennis?12 _______________________ Carol drive?13 _______________________ they do the shopping together?14 __________________________ dogs eat fish?15 What ______________________ it do?

D) Put the verbs into the correct form.

1. I (to like) _________________________ lemonade very much.

2. The girls always (to listen) ______________________to pop music.

3. Janet never (to wear) ____________________________ jeans.

4. Mr Smith (to teach) ____________________________ Spanish and French.

5. You (to do) __________________________ your homework after school.

E) Fill in the correct form of the verbs.

1. We (to have) ______________________ a nice garden.

2. Simon (to have) _____________________ two rabbits and five goldfish.

F) Make negative sentences.

1. My father makes breakfast. →

2. They are eleven. →

3. She writes a letter. →

4. I speak Italian. →

5. Danny phones his father on Sundays. →


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G) Make questions.

1. you / to speak / English →

2. when / he / to go / home →

3. they / to clean / the bathroom →

4. where / she / to ride / her bike →

5. Billy / to work / in the supermarket →

H) Complete the table in Simple Present.

Positive Negative Question

They are late.

He does not travel a lot.

Do I smoke?

She is not busy.

He has time.

I) Write sentences in Simple Present.

1. I / be / fluent in English

2. Judy Garner / work / in purchasing

3. she / be / from Australia

4. our company / supply / technical products

5. we / not / work / on Saturdays

6. they / not / sell / computers

7. Mr Martin / not / speak English

8. what / you / do

9. what languages / he / speak

10. who / know / the address

J) The following sentences express possession, senses, emotions or mental activity. Verbs of possession, senses, emotions and mental activity must be used with the simple present.

Put the verbs into the correct form.

1. I (like) __________________________pizza.

2. He (hate) __________________________________garlic.


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3. My sister (prefer) ____________________________tea to coffee.

4. I (want) ________________________________to get away from here.

5. She (not / understand) ______________________________me.

6. I (not / believe) ___________________________________it.

7. I (not / know) ____________________________________why you are so mean.

8. We (not / think) ________________________________that this is right.

9. What (mean / it)__________________________________?

10. (you / hear) _________________________________the music?

K) Choose the correct answer (could be more than one)

1. He........................................every day at 5 o'clock

a. play b. are playing

c. is playing d. plays

2. ..........................in the box every afternoon?

a. Is he hiding b. Does he hide

c. Are he hiding d. Do he hide

3. He.................his homework.

a. always does b. do always

c. does always d. always do

4. He................. hamburgers for lunch every day.

a. eat b. is eating

c. aet d. eats

5. ............... to school every morning?

a. Do he drive b. Does he drive

c. Does he eat d. Is he driving

6. She..........milk every night before bed.

a. is drinking b. drinks

c. are dringking d. drink

7. ..............hard for school?

a. Do he? b. Does he study

c. Does he? d. Does he studies

8. ................. every afternoon at six o'clock.

a. She walks b. She dances

c. She dance d. She eats


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L) Choose the correct answer (could be more than one)

1. What does he do in the evening?

a. He wash TV. b. He listens to the radio.

c. He watches TV. d. He washes TV.

2. What does he do in the afternoon?

a. He works. b. He goes walking/walks.

c. He walk. d. He goes running.

3. What does he do in her free time?

a. She rides her bike. b. She drives her bike.

c. She ride her bike. d. She rides a horse.

4. What does he do during the school break?

a. He read a book. b. He studies.

c. He does the homework. d. He reads a comic.

5. What does she do on weekends?

a. She take photos. b. She takes pictures.

c. She

6. What does mom do on Saturdays morning?

a. She works. b. She do the shopping.

c. She does the shopping. d. She goes to school.

7. What do they do from Monday to Friday?

a. They reads. b. They study.

c. They does the homework. d. They watch TV.

8. Where do they work?

a. They work in an office. b. They works in a restaurant.

c. They works in an office. d. They work at school.

M) Complete the sentences with an adverb of frequency

1) They _________ drive. They don´t have a car.2) I _______ eat turkey. (Only at Christmas) 3) She doesn’t have a watch so she’s _________ late.4) We __________ get up at 8:00, except Saturdays and Sundays.5) I ________ play tennis (when I have time)


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http://www.123print.com/Christmas-Cards

N)

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE or

CONTINUOUS


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A) Use the words below to make sentences in present progressive.

1. I / to read a book -

2. it / to rain -

3. he / to repair his bike -

4. they / to watch a film -

5. the cat /to sleep on the chair -

6. Jane and Emily / to do their homework -

7. Bill / to wait at the bus stop -

8. we / to listen to the radio -

9. the children / to play a game -


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10. Laura / to walk the dog -

B) Transform the sentences below into negative sentences.

1. I am watching TV. -

2. I am talking. -

3. They are drawing. -

4. He is opening the window. -

5. Angela is cleaning the bathroom. -

6. We are helping in the garden. -

7. You are singing. -

8. It is raining. -

9. She is joking. -

10. I am tidying up my room. -

C) Write questions with the words below.

1. Peter / to go / to the cinema -

2. they / to play / a game -

3. she / to listen /to the radio -

4. I / to dream -

5. they / to pack / their bags -

6. you / to do / the washing-up -

7. we / to talk / too fast -

8. they / to clean / the windows -

9. she / to watch / the news -

10. you / to pull / my leg -

D)


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E)

F)


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G) Complete the table with the correct forms.

affirmative negative question

I I am working.

you You are jumping.

he He is not dreaming.

she Is she sleeping?

it It is snowing.

we Are we singing?

you You are not fighting.

they Are they reading?


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H) Use the words below to make positive sentences in present progressive.

1. I / to read a book

___________________________________________________________

2. it / to rain

___________________________________________________________

3. he / to repair his bike

___________________________________________________________

4. they / to watch a film

___________________________________________________________

5. the cat /to sleep on the chair

___________________________________________________________

6. Jane and Emily / to do their homework

___________________________________________________________

7. Bill / to wait at the bus stop

___________________________________________________________

8. we / to listen to the radio

___________________________________________________________

9. the children / to play a game

___________________________________________________________

10. Laura / to walk the dog

___________________________________________________________

I) Transform the sentences below into negative sentences.

1. I am watching TV.

___________________________________________________________________

2. I am talking.

___________________________________________________________________

3. They are drawing.

___________________________________________________________________

4. He is opening the window.

___________________________________________________________________

5. Angela is cleaning the bathroom.

___________________________________________________________________

6. We are helping in the garden.

___________________________________________________________________

7. You are singing.

___________________________________________________________________

8. It is raining.

___________________________________________________________________


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9. She is joking.

___________________________________________________________________

10. I am tidying up my room.

___________________________________________________________________

J) Write questions with the words below.

1. Peter / to go / to the cinema

___________________________________________________________________

2. they / to play / a game

___________________________________________________________________

3. she / to listen /to the radio

___________________________________________________________________

4. I / to dream

___________________________________________________________________

5. they / to pack / their bags

___________________________________________________________________

6. you / to do / the washing-up

___________________________________________________________________

7. we / to talk / too fast

___________________________________________________________________

8. they / to clean / the windows

___________________________________________________________________

9. she / to watch / the news

___________________________________________________________________

10. you / to pull / my leg

___________________________________________________________________


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SIMPLE PRESENT

vs

PRESENT CONTINUOUS


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A) Choose the correct form for each verb.

Once a week, I ________ to an art class at the college.

A. ? go

B. ? am going

2. Look! Junko ________ into the water.A. ? jumps

B. ? is jumping

3. You won't find Jerry at home right now. He ________ in the library.A. ? studies

B. ? is studying

4. I ________ you're crazy!A. ? think

B. ? am thinking

5. Don't give Jan any cheese. She ________ it!A. ? hates

B. ? is hating

6. Marie-Claude isn't a Canadian. I ________ she comes from France.A. ? believe

B. ? am believing

7. I ________ lunch in the cafeteria every day.A. ? have

B. ? am having

8. It ________ quite hard — perhaps we shouldn't go out tonight.A. ? snows

B. ? is snowing

9. Salman is rich — he ________ a Mercedes.A. ? drives

B. ? is driving

10. I ________ to Toronto next Thursday. Do you want to come?A. ? go

B. ? am going


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B) Put the verb in brackets in the correct form (present simple or present continuous).

Next week, my friends and I _________________(go) camping in the woods. I _______________(organize) the food, because I _________________(like) cooking. Dave _________________(have) a big car with a trailer, so he __________________(plan) the transportation. Sam _________________(bring) the tent — he _________________(go)

camping every year, so he _________________-(have) a great tent and lots of other equipment. My wife _________________(think) we're crazy. She _______________(like)

holidays in comfortable hotels, so she ______________(take) a trip to Paris instead.

C) Put the verbs in the PRESENT SIMPLE/PRESENT CONTINUOUS

1. a: What ................................................. (you/do)? b: I’m an architect.2. a: What ................................................. (you/do)? b: I .................... (want) to get this

car started.3. a: Where .............................................. (you/work)? B: I ............................ (work) in

a big insurance company.4. a: Where .............................................. ( you/work)? B: I’m in Cardiff this week.5. a: .................................................................. (your son/play) the violin? B: No, the

piano.6. a: ............................................................. (your son/play) the violin? B: Actually,

that’s the radio.7. a: What language .............................................. (she/speak)? It ..........................

(sound) like Russian.8. a: What language ............................................... (she/speak)? b: French- she’s from

Belgium.9. a: Who ............................................... (drink) champagne? B: Me, when I can afford

it.10. a: Who ............................................... (drink) champagne? B: Me, can I have some

more.

D) Put the verbs in the PRESENT SIMPLE or the PRESENT CONTINUOUS

1. Vegetarians are people who .................................................. (not / eat ) meat.

2. Look out! My father ........................................... (come)

3. Some people still ................................... (think) the sun ............................. (go) round the earth.

4. I .................................. (play) tennis every weekend.

5. Who .................................... (sit) in my chair?

6. What ........................................... (happen) in golf if you ............................. (lose) the ball?

7. Look! She ............................................ (wear) the same shoes as me.


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8. a: What ................................................ (you/look) at? B: A strange bird!

9. I ........................................ (stay) with John for a few weeks until my flat is ready.

10. We ....................................................... (usually/stay) with Peggy when we go to Chicago.

11. What time .................................................. (you/go) to bed on Saturdays?

12. Why ............................................. (you/wait) outside the door.

13. Don’t ask Tim. He ...................................... (not/know) the answer.

14. I .................................. (have) lunch at the moment.

15. When ......................................... (he / leave) the house?

16. I ............................................... (not/understand). What ...................................... (happen)?

17. Excuse me, ............................................ (you/know) the time?

18. This is a great party. I .................................... (have) a lovely time.

19. We can’t use the lift because it ................................... (not/work)

20. a:What ......................................... (you/do) here? B: Nothing.

21. a: ......................................... (Penny/like) cheese sandwiches? No, ...................................

22. a: What time ............................................ (the sun/rise)? B: It ............................... (rise) at 7.30.

23. We ......................................... (not/watch) videos at school.

24. Look out of the window! It ................................. (snow).

25. a: ...................................................... (you/wear) a uniform at your school? B: Yes, ........................


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E) Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT or PRESENT CONTINUOUS:

1. Susan usually ………………. (go) to school by bus, but now she …………………….. (go)

to school by train.

2. Mary often ……………….. (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she

………………………. (not / read).

3. The boys usually ………………… (ride) their bikes to school. They …………….

………………… (like / ride) their bikes. They ……………… (be) very naughty boys. They

always …………………… (go) to school late. Today their teacher …………………. (be) very

angry, because they ………………… (be) late again.

4. Mary ……………………….. (like / eat) sweets. Every morning she ……………. (have)

coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate. For lunch she and her friends often ………………..

(eat) sweets or ice-cream. She ……………………… (not / like / eat) fruit or vegetables. She

……………………… (eat / never) eggs or cheese. Today she ………………….. (be) sick. She

…………………… (sleep) in her room now.

F) Circle the correct answer:

1. Look! Thomas is bringing / brings his little sister to class.

2. My older sister is often listening / often listens to pop music.

3. We are writing / write an exercise now.

4. Mmmm! Mum is making / makes a cake.

5. Our teacher is giving / gives us a test every month.

6. Listen! Dad is reading / reads a story to Ricky.

7. Mr. Michael usually is growing / grows roses in his garden.

8. They are building / build a new house on the hill now.

9. Maria is drinking / drinks milk every morning.

10. Look! Nick is running / runs down the hill.


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SIMPLE PAST


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A) Complete the sentences with was or were.

1. I ____________________happy.

2. You _______________________angry.

3. She _______________________in London last week.

4. He _______________________on holiday.

5. It ________________________cold.

6. We ______________________at school.

7. You _____________________at the cinema.

8. They __________________at home.

9. The cat _________________on the roof.

10. The children _________________in the garden.

B) Put the sentences into simple past.

1. We open the door. → ___________________________________

2. You write poems. → ____________________________________

3. Richard plays in the garden. → ___________________________

4. Kerry does not speak English. → __________________________

5. Do you see the bird? → _________________________________

C) Write sentences in simple past.

1. you / cards / play ______________________________________

2. I / a car / want ________________________________________

3. we / the game / lose ___________________________________

4. not / I / early / get up ___________________________________

5. not / Jeff and Linda / home / cycle ________________________

D) Write positive sentences in simple past.

1. he / the question / answer

2. you / a question / ask

3. the dog / bark

4. they / us / call

5. we / a mountain / climb

6. John / stamps / collect

7. we / in London / live

8. I / hungry / be

9. they / a hamster / have


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10. he / to school / go

E) Have a look at James's last week's diary and answer the questions in complete sentences. Put the time expression at the end of the sentence.

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

football shopping meeting ring Jane buy flowers concert sailing

cinema tennis English Italian restaurant

1. When was his English course? →

2. When did he go shopping? →

3. When did he buy flowers? →

4. When was his meeting? →

5. When did he play football? →

6. When did he go to the Italian restaurant? →

7. When did he ring Jane? →

8. When did he go to the cinema? →

9. When did he play tennis? →

10. When was the concert? →

11. When did he go sailing? →

F) Rewrite the sentences in the negative.

1. They collected postcards. →

2. You jumped high. →

3. Albert played squash. →

4. The teacher tested our English. →

5. Fiona visited her grandma. →

6. He washed the car. →

7. You were thirsty. →

8. He had a computer. →

9. I bought bread. →

10. You saw the house. →

G) Write questions in simple past.

1. Anna / the window / open

2. she / home / walk


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3. you / in the garden / work

4. you / a song / sing

5. she / on a chair / sit

6. you / the castle / visit

7. Jenny / the door / lock

8. she / happy / be

9. Greg / the ball / kick

10. the car / at the corner / stop

H) Ask for the bold part of the sentence.

1. She pushed her bike. →

2. She carried a bag. →

3. We waited in the park. →

4. The policeman arrested the thief. →

5. We ate fish. →

6. She watched the match last night. →

7. She asked her friend because she did not know what to do. →

8. I opened the door. →

9. The teacher checked our homework. →

10. Cindy had a dog. →

I) Put the verbs into the correct form (simple past).

1. Last year I (spend) _____________________my holiday in Ireland.

2. It (be) ______________________great.

3. I (travel) __________________around by car with two friends and we (visit) _______________lots of interesting places.

4. In the evenings we usually (go) __________________________to a pub.

5. One night we even (learn) ________________________some Irish dances.

6. We (be) ___________________________very lucky with the weather.

7. It (not / rain) _____________________________a lot.

8. But we (see) ________________________some beautiful rainbows.

9. Where (spend / you) _______________________your last holiday?

J) Write the verbs in simple past.

1. In the kitchen Goldilocks (smell) _______________________the porridge.

2. She (get) ______________________very hungry and (try) __________________the porridge in the huge bowl - too hot.

3. Then she (taste) ______________________some of the porridge from the ordinary bowl - too cold.

4. But the porridge in the little bowl (be) _________________just right and Goldilocks (eat) __________________it all up.


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5. In the sitting-room, there (be) ______________________three chairs.

6. Goldilocks (sit) _______________________down in the huge chair - too hard.

7. She (not / like) _______________________the ordinary chair either - too soft.

8. She (love) __________________the little chair, however. But she (not / sit) __________________on that one very long, as soon it (break) ______________________into pieces.

9. So, Goldilocks (go) __________________________on exploring.

10. In the bedroom, there (stand) __________________________the three baers' beds.

11. Goldilocks suddenly (feel) ________________________very tired.

12. She (climb) _____________________________onto the huge bed - too hard.

13. Then she (crawl) _____________________________into the ordinary bed - too soft.

14. The little bed, however, (be) ____________________________just right.

15. So, Goldilocks (lie) _____________________________down.

16. And in next to no time, she (fall) _______________________asleep.

K) Write the verbs in simple past.

1. After a while, the three bears (return) ________________________home.

2. One look at their bowls and chairs and they (start) ____________________wondering. Something (not / be) _______________________right.

3. They (come) __________________into the bedroom. And there they (see) _________________little Goldilocks in Baby Bear's bed.

4. The three bears (watch) ____________________her for a while and then they (wake) _________________her up.

5. Goldilocks (open) __________________________her eyes.

6. She (see) __________________the bears, (begin) ____________________to scream and as fast as she (can)____________________, Goldilocks (run) ___________________________out of the bears' house.

7. The three bears (follow) ________________________________her.

8. But at the edge of the wood, the bears suddenly (stop)___________________________.

9. Frightened little Goldilocks, however, (not / stop)______________________________.

10. She (hurry) ____________________________home to her parents.

11. And she never (visit) ________________________the bears' house again.


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PAST PROGRESSIVE or

CONTINUOUS


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A) Fill in all the gaps

1 I ____________________letters all day yesterday. (write)

2 You __________________very slow about it. (be)

3 You ______________________on the phone for hours and hours. (talk)

4 They _____________________much business before lunch. (do NEGATIVE)

5 She _________________to me all week. Silly cow. (speak NEGATIVE)

6 It ____________________for long. (rain NEGATIVE)

7 What ________________you _________________when I phoned yesterday? (do)

8 _________________you __________________TV when it happened? (watch)

9 What ________________you _________________at the party? (wear)

10 He _________________horrible to everyone, the nasty pig! (be)

B) Complete the sentences based on the diagrams.

1. At five o'clock it_____________________________.

2. When John _____________________I_____________________________.


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3. While Kyoko _________________lunch, Mari and Junko______________________.

4. The mail _____________________while I ____________________the car.

5. While they __________________for the train, they ________________________Sarah.

6. While Michel _________________the supper, his parents __________________TV.


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C) Fill in at least half of the sentences below with a mixture of truth and imagination. Read out one of the sentences, and after asking you additional questions (to which you should continue to answer from reality or your imagination) your partner will guess whether it is true or false

1) I accidentally hit someone while ______________________________

2) I last cried while _________________________________________

3) The last time I shouted was while __________________________________

4) I last got angry while _______________________________________

5) I met my (ex) boyfriend/ girlfriend/ husband/ wife while __________________

6) I was robbed while ___________________________________________

7) I was shouted at while ________________________________________

8) I was insulted while _________________________________________

9) I was criticized while ________________________________________

10) I was arrested while ____________________________________________

11) I lost something valuable while _____________________________________

12) I last felt nauseous (= felt sick) while _______________________________

13) I first felt like an adult while _______________________________________

14) I first/ last spent 500,000 won while ________________________________

15) I used to ________________________________________ until I was ten

16) I didn’t used to ____________________________________ until recently

17) I used to _____________________, but I don’t any longer )

18) I used to ___________________________ until my mother told me to stop

Answer questions #1 to #5. Write questions for #6 to #8.

1. Was the boy playing video games this morning?

2. Were you playing tennis yesterday?

3. What was the man doing on Sunday?


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4. What was he doing yesterday?

5. What were the boys doing last weekend?

6. The boy was eating a sandwich.

7. The man was singing a song.

8. She was washing a window.


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SIMPLE PAST

vs

PAST PROGRESSIVE


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A) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (simple past or past progressive)

Last night, while I was doing my homework, Angela (call)_______________. She said she (call) ________________________me on her cell phone from her biology classroom at UCLA. I asked her if she (wait) ______________________for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of the hall lecturing while she (talk) __________________to me. I couldn't believe she (make) __________________a phone call during the lecture. I asked what was going on.

She said her biology professor was so boring that several of the students (sleep, actually) _______________in class. Some of the students (talk) _________________about their plans for the weekend and the student next to her (draw) __________________a picture of a horse. When Angela (tell) ________________me she was not satisfied with the class, I (mention) ________________that my biology professor was quite good and (suggest) __________________that she switch to my class.

While we were talking, I (hear) __________________her professor yell, "Miss, are you making a phone call?" Suddenly, the line went dead. I (hang) ________________up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As I (cut) ____________________vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It (be) _________________Angela, but this time she wasn't sitting in class.

B) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (simple past or past progressive)

A: What (you, do) ________________________when the accident occurred? B: I (try) __________________________to change a light bulb that had burnt out.

2. After I (find) ____________________the wallet full of money, I (go, immediately) ______________________to the police and (turn) ________________________it in.

3. The doctor (say) _______________________that Tom (be) _____________________too sick to go to work and that he (need) __________________________to stay at home for a couple of days.

4. Sebastian (arrive) ________________________at Susan's house a little before 9:00 PM, but she (be, not) _____________________there. She (study, at the library) _____________________for her final examination in French.

5. Sandy is in the living room watching television. At this time yesterday, she (watch, also) _______________________television. That's all she ever does!

6. A: I (call) _______________________you last night after dinner, but you (be, not) _______________________there. Where were you? B: I (work) ___________________________out at the fitness center.

7. When I (walk) ______________________into the busy office, the secretary (talk)


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____________________on the phone with a customer, several clerks (work, busily) __________________at their desks, and two managers (discuss, quietly) ________________methods to improve customer service.

8. I (watch) ____________________a mystery movie on TV when the electricity went out. Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends.

9. Sharon (be) ____________________in the room when John told me what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (listen, not)______________________.

10. It's strange that you (call) _________________because I (think, just) ____________________about you.

11. The Titanic (cross) ____________________the Atlantic when it (strike) ____________________an iceberg.

12. When I entered the bazaar, a couple of merchants (bargain, busily) _______________________and (try) ____________________to sell their goods to naive tourists who (hunt) ____________________for souvenirs. Some young boys (lead) __________________their donkeys through the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men (argue) _______________________over the price of a leather belt. I (walk) ____________________over to a man who (sell) _____________________fruit and (buy) ____________________________a banana.

13. The firemen (rescue) ______________________the old woman who (be) ____________________trapped on the third floor of the burning building.

14. She was so annoying! She (leave, always) ______________________her dirty dishes in the sink. I think she (expect, actually) __________________________me to do them for her.

15. Samantha (live) __________________________in Berlin for more than two years. In fact, she (live) __________________________there when the Berlin Wall came down.


33

PRESENT PERFECT


34

A) Complete the following dialogue using the present perfect form

Kate : Have you ever __________________ to New York?Sophie: New York? No I've never __________________ there. Have you?Kate: Yes. In fact I've just ________________ back from there. I'm doing some consultancy work there and I've _____________________ at least six weeks there in the last year.Sophie: That sounds fabulous. Have you ___________ to the top of the Empire State Building? Kate No, I_____________ yet. I haven't ___________ the ferry to Ellis Island either. I've just __________ work so hard. Though I have_____________ dinner at Sardi's and __________ a Broadway show.

B) Complete the table in present perfect simple.

positive negative question

He has swum.

She has not slept.

Have you phoned?

Tina has cried.

They have not run.

C) Write sentences in present perfect simple.

1. Phil / not / miss / the bus -

2. they / not / plant / a tree -

3. Vanessa / catch / the ball -

4. we / sell / our old car -

5. the train / leave / the station -

D) Write questions in present perfect simple.

1. you / correct / my mistakes -

2. you / practise / your English -

3. she / tidy up / her room -


35

4. the boss / sign / the letter -

5. Mary / shut / the door –

E) Write sentences in present perfect simple.

1. we / reach / our goal -

2. our team / lose / the match -

3. she / underline / the word -

4. they / not / discover / the treasure -

5. Ron / not / talk / about the problem -

F) Write questions in present perfect simple.

1. you / knock / at the door -

2. the teacher / mark / the tests -

3. she / buy / a new computer -

4. they / rescue / the girl -

5. Brad / wear / a blue shirt -

G) Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.

1. They have seen him at the library. -

2. Robby Robber has robbed another bank. -

3. Bill has ordered three desserts. -

4. Clara has repeated the sentence five times. -

5. Jane has asked a question. –

H) Elija la opción más adecuada para responder o terminar cada oración.

Did you study yesterday?

Yes, I have.

Yes, I did.


36

Have you ever been to London?

Yes, I was.

Yes, I have.

You have just made a cake,

haven't you?

didn't you?

What did you do last week?

I went to the cinema.

I have been to the cinema.

Did you watch TV last night?

Yes, I have.

Yes, I did.

Have you seen this programme before?

Yes, I did.

Yes, I have.

Has the plane landed?

Yes, it landed at 10.25.

Yes, it has landed at 10.25.

Has Richard washed his car?

No, he hasn't washed it for months.

No, he washed it yesterday.


37

I) Choose the correct answer.

Q1 - I haven't seen them ...... ages

for

since

Q2 - I have been living here ...... July

since

for

Q3 - He worked there ....... several years

since

for

Q4 - I haven't seen him ...... last week

for

since

Q5 - It's been a long time ....... I've had such a good meal in a restaurant

for

since

Q6 - He hasn't been able to work ...... the last three weeks

for

since

Q7 - They've known about it ...... a long time

for

since

Q8 - He hasn't worked this hard ..... he was at school

for

since

Q9 - I haven't seen her ..... a fortnight

for

since


38

Q10 - They haven't been here ..... 1993

since

for

Q11 - She's worked there ....... years

since

for

Q12 - He's been here ....... three o'clock

for

since

Q13 - There haven't been any wolves in England ........ a long time

for

since

Q14 - I haven't seen them .... last week

for

since

Q15 - It's the first time ....... 1973 that anyone has done so well

since

for

Q16 - She's been working there ...... eighteen months

since

for

Q17 - The weather has been dreadful ...... October

since

for

Q18 - They've been going out ...... New Year's Eve

for

since

Q19 - The film's been on at cinemas ........ Tuesday


39

for

since

Q20 - Nobody has been so close to breaking the record ..... 1983

since

for

Q21 - ...... then, I haven't been able to sleep well

for

since

Q22 - I learnt German ..... two years while I was at school

for

since

Q23 - I haven't had such fun ....... the last time we met

since

for

Q24 - The film has been on at cinemas everywhere ..... July

since

for

Q25 - I hadn't heard from them .... ages

since

for

Q26 - He hasn't worked ..... he was made redundant

since

for

Q27 - She hasn't been here ...... a month

since

for

Q28 - ..... 1989, no one has lived here

For

Since


40

Q29 - It's the first time I've been here ....... the accident

since

for

Q30 - It was the first time I'd tried doing it ......... I was at university

for

since

Q31 - She's been on holiday ....... the last three weeks

for

since

Q32 - He's been off sick ........ two weeks

since

for

Q33 - The film lasted ...... two hours

for

since

Q34 - I haven't heard from them ..... I sent them the letter

since

for

Q35 - These windows haven't been cleaned ........ months

since

for

Q36 - I haven't been able to get a good night's sleep ....... our daughter was born

since

for

Q37 - It is the first time I've had such a bad fever ........ I was a child

since

for

Q38 - It's the first time I've eaten snails ........ I was in France on holiday


41

for

since

J) Change each sentence into the present perfect tense.

EX: "I am playing baseball --> I have played baseball"

1. I am speaking to you. I have ____________ to you.2. That man is driving a car. That man has ____________ a car.3. My friend is sleeping. My friend has ____________ .4. She is in Prague. She has ____________ in Prague.5. They are arguing about money. They have ____________ money.6. They are taking a test. They have ____________ a test.7. She is eating. She has ____________.8. I am listening to music. I have ____________ to music.9. The musician is playing a song. The musician has ____________ a song.

10. She is flying to Berlin. She has ____________ to Berlin.

K) Change each sentence into the present perfect tense.

EX: "I played baseball --> I have played baseball"

1. I ate vegetables. I have ____________ vegetables.2. I came. I have____________ .3. My cousins sold their car. They have ____________ their car.4. I told a story. I have ____________ a story.5. They saw my friend. They have ____________ my friend.6. We cleaned our room. We have ____________ our room.7. I flew to Mexico City. I have ____________ to Mexico City.8. I thought about going on vacation. I have ____________ about going on vacation.9. I spoke to Mary about you. I have____________ to Mary about you.

10. She chose the blue pants. She has ____________ the blue pants.


42

SIMPLE PAST

vs

PRESENT PERFECT


43

A) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (simple pasto r present perfect).

Since computers were first introduced to the public in the early 1980's, technology (change) ____________________a great deal. The first computers (be) ____________________simple machines designed for basic tasks. They (have, not) _________________much memory and they (be, not) _________________very powerful. Early computers were often quite expensive and customers often (pay) ____________________thousands of dollars for machines which actually (do) ____________________very little. Most computers (be) ____________________separate, individual machines used mostly as expensive typewriters or for playing games.

Times (change)___________________. Computers (become) __________________powerful machines with very practical applications. Programmers (create) _________________a large selection of useful programs which do everything from teaching foreign languages to bookkeeping. We are still playing video games, but today's games (become) _________________faster, more exciting interactive adventures. Many computer users (get, also) _________________on the Internet and (begin) _________________communicating with other computer users around the world. We (start) _________________to create international communities online. In short, the simple, individual machines of the past (evolve) _________________into an international World Wide Web of knowledge.

B) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (simple pasto r present perfect).

A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?" B: I don't know. I (see, never) ____________________that movie.

2. Sam (arrive) ________________in San Diego a week ago.

3. My best friend and I (know) ________________each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.

4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) _____________________ten very creative short


44

stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway.

5. I (have, not) __________________this much fun since I (be) ________________a kid.

6. Things (change) ____________________a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) _________________working here three years ago, the company (have, only) _________________six employees. Since then, we (expand) _______________to include more than 2000 full-time workers.

7. I (tell) ________________him to stay on the path while he was hiking, but he (wander) ________________off into the forest and (be) ________________bitten by a snake.

8. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) ____________________the bus this morning. You (be) ______________________late to work too many times. You are fired!

9. Sam is from Colorado, which is hundreds of miles from the coast, so he (see, never) _______________the ocean. He should come with us to Miami.

10. How sad! George (dream) _________________of going to California before he died, but he didn't make it. He (see, never) ____________________the ocean.

11. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) _________________much easier and very comfortable. In the 19th century, it (take) ____________________two or three months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip (be) _____________________very rough and often dangerous. Things (change) ____________________a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.

12. Jonny, I can't believe how much you (change) _________________since the last time I (see) ____________________you. You (grow) __________________at least a foot!

13. This tree (be) __________________planted by the settlers who (found) _________________our city over four hundred years ago.

14. This mountain (be, never) __________________climbed by anyone. Several mountaineers (try) ________________to reach the top, but nobody (succeed, ever)______________. The climb is extremely difficult and many people (die) __________________trying to reach the summit.

15. I (visit, never) ______________Africa, but I (travel) ________________to South America several times. The last time I (go) _____________to South America, I (visit) _______________Brazil and Peru. I (spend) _______________two weeks in the Amazon, (hike) _______________for a week near Machu Picchu, and (fly) _______________over the Nazca Lines.

C) Complete las oraciones usando el verbo entre paréntesis en Present Perfect o Simple Past.


45

7. 1. Jane (stay) ____________ at home yesterday.

2. Your letter (arrive) ______________ two days ago.

3. I (live) _______________ here for ten years.

4. Last week we (go) _____________________ to the cinema.

5. The game (start) _________________. They are playing now.

6. I (phone) _____________ you at five and you weren't there.

7. I (lose) ______________ my watch, I can't find it.

8. Last month Sarah (travel) _________________ to Italy.

9. I (work) __________________ all day and now I'm tired.

10. We (buy) _________________ a new house last week.

D) Choose the correct option

1. When ________________ the company?

a) have you joined

b) did you joined

c) did you join

d) have you ever joined

2. ___________________ in Pakistan?

a) Did you ever worked

b) Have you ever worked

c) Worked you

d) Didn't you have worked

3. That's the best presentation ______________

a) I never heard

b) I didn't hear

c) I used to hear

d) I've ever heard

4. He's the most difficult customer _____________________

a) I never dealt with.

b) I never had to deal with.

c) I've ever had to deal with.

d) I've never had to deal with.

5. ___________________ to him last week.

a) I spoke


46

b) I've already spoken

c) I didn't spoke

d) I speaked

6. ______________ a binding contract last year and it is still valid.

a) We have signed

b) We signed

c) We haven't signed

d) We have sign

7. The reason I look so brown is that _______________ from a business trip to Barbados

a) I come back

b) I came back

c) I never came back

d) I've just come back

8. Sales ________ in 1995 but then _____ in 1996.

a) rised falled

b) rose fell

c) have risen have fallen

d) rose have fallen

9. You ____________ to a word ____________

a) listened I haven't said

b) didn't listen I say

c) listened saying

d) haven't listened I've said

10. It's obvious that ________________ this report.

a) you haven't read

b) you didn't read

c) you don't read

d) you read not


47

PRESENT PERFECT

PROGRESSIVE or CONTINUOUS


48

A) Decide whether you have to use “since” or “for”.

1. I have been waiting _________________4 o’clock.

2. Sue has only been waiting ____________________20 minutes.

3. Tim and Tina have been learning English _____________________six years.

4. Fred and Frida have been learning French ______________________1998.

5. Joe and Josephine have been going out together __________________Valentine’s Day.

6. I haven’t been on holiday ______________________last July.

7. Mary has been saving her money ______________________many years.

8. I haven’t eaten anything ____________________breakfast.

9. You have been watching TV _____________________hours.

10. We have been living here ____________________2 months.

B) Decide which of the two choices is the best for each sentence.

1. I have been reading a book ________.

and I'm enjoying it

from cover to cover

2. She has been tidying up her office, hasn't she?

Yes, she has tidied it up already

Yes, she has

No, she isn't

3. Who has been eating my chocolate bar?

Soon I will have none left.

There are none left.


49

4. The ballon has been soaring 100 meters above us for 2 hours.

Why can't they land at last?

But they have landed 2 minutes ago.

5. I have been trying to contact him _______.

but to no avail

fortunately he picked up the phone.

6. Steve has been driving for 6 hours.

But he's having a barbeque at the moment

In 2 hours he's going to reach Vermont.

C) Write positive sentences in present perfect progressive.

1. Albert / squash / play →

2. Hannah / the match / watch →

3. we / in the park / wait →

4. you / a song / sing →

5. I / a magazine / read →

6. it / rain / all day →

7. Phil and Greg / a race / run →

8. she / her teeth / brush →

9. the Millers / in London / live / for three years →

10. we / on the lake / sail →

D) Write negative sentences in present perfect progressive.

1. we / not / in the mountains / walk →

2. Beatrice / not / in Boston / teach →

3. Ricky / not / the car / wash →

4. she / not / a poem / write →

5. we / not / tea / drink →

6. we / not / our rooms / clean →

7. the children / not / on the floor / sleep →


50

8. Jeff and Linda / not / cycle →

9. Christine / not / her home / decorate →

10. the cat / not / on the chair / lie / all day →

E) Write questions in present perfect progressive.

1. she / on the phone / talk →

2. his brother / dinner / cook →

3. Jane and Mary / badminton / play →

4. Sue / in the gym / exercise →

5. Robert / the room / paint →

6. they / trees / plant →

7. Henry / in the garage / work →

8. they / in the lake / swim →

9. how long / Boris / English / learn →

10. how long / you / for me / wait →

F) Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect progressive).

1. He (work) ______________________in this company since 1985.

2. I (wait) ________________________for you since two o'clock.

3. Mary (live) _______________________in Germany since 1992.

4. Why is he so tired? He (play) _______________________tennis for five hours.

5. How long (learn / you) _____________________________English?

6. We (look for) _____________________________the motorway for more than an hour.

7. I (live) ____________________________without electricity for two weeks.

8. The film (run / not) ______________________for ten minutes yet, but there's a commercial break already.

9. How long (work / she) ______________________________in the garden?

10. She (not / be) ___________________________in the garden for more than an hour.


51

PRESENT PERFECT vs

PRESENT PERFECT

PROGRESSIVEvs

SIMPLE PAST


52

A) In some examples two answers may be possible but one is more natural than the other. This natural one is the correct answer.

1. I'm very hungry. I______________________ all day.

a) didn't eat

b) haven't ate

c) haven’t eaten

d) have been eating

2. Their new kitchen looks fantastic. They ________ completely ________ it.

a) have been redecorating

b) have redecorated

c) already redecorated

d) didn't redecorated

3. Our kitchen’s a mess. We____________________ any cleaning for weeks.

a) didn't do

b) haven't been doing

c) have done

d) haven't done

4. I think they are dating. They______________ a lot of each other recently.

a) had seen

b) haven't been seeing

c) have been seeing

d) have seen

5. We've discovered this great café and we__________________ there a lot.

a) have been going


53

b) have gone

c) are going

d) have went

6. How's your Mum? I ______________________ her for ages.

a) had seen

b) haven't seen

c) haven't been seeing

d) didn't see

7. You're covered in paint! What __________ you __________?

a) have done

b) were doing

c) did do

d) have been doing

8. She’s gone to the doctor's. She ______________________ too well lately.

a) hasn't felt

b) hasn't been feeling

c) has felt

d) doesn't feel

9. Where have you been? I______________________ for ages.

a) have waited

b) waited

c) was waiting

d) have been waiting

10. I have to write an essay. I___________________ about half of it so far.

a) have written

b) have been writing

c) wrote

d) have to write


54

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (presnt perfecto r present perfect progressive).

Robin: I think the waiter (forget) ____________________us. We (wait) ________________-here for over half an hour and nobody (take) ___________________________our order yet.

Michele: I think you're right. He (walk) _____________________by us at least twenty times. He probably thinks we (order, already)____________________________.

Robin: Look at that couple over there, they (be, only) _____________________here for five or ten minutes and they already have their food.

Michele: He must realize we (order, not) ____________________yet! We (sit) ___________________here for over half an hour staring at him.

Robin: I don't know if he (notice, even) ____________________us. He (run) _______________________from table to table taking orders and serving food.

Michele: That's true, and he (look, not) __________________________in our direction once.

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (presnt perfecto r present perfect progressive).

1. Judy: How long (be) _______________________in Canada?Claude: I (study) ___________________________here for more than three years.

2. I (have) ________________________the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.

3. I (love) _______________________chocolate since I was a child. You might even call me a "chocoholic."


55

4. Matt and Sarah (have) _____________________some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go) _______________________to a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out.

5. John (work) ________________________for the government since he graduated from Harvard University. Until recently, he (enjoy) __________________________his work, but now he is talking about retiring.

6. Lately, I (think) __________________________about changing my career because I (become) __________________________dissatisfied with the conditions at my company.

7. I (see) __________________Judy for more than five years and during that time I (see) _____________________many changes in her personality.

PAST PERFECT


56

A) Complete this sentences using past perfect simple

1. They ______ (be) amazed. They _____ (hear,never) of this song.

2. If only she (keep) quiet! (referring to the past)

3. John _____ (be) upset because his application _____ (be, turn down).

4. I ________ (never, eat) such a huge pizza before I ___________ (go) to Italy.

5. By the time his heart _______ (be) transplanted, he ____________ (undergo) many medical procedures.

6. After I __________ (do) the washing-up, I _______ (watch) my favorite TV program.

7. The show _________ (already, start) when we ________ (arrive).

B) Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple.

1. The pupils talked about the film they (watch)______________________.

2. I was late for work because I (miss) ____________________________the bus.

3. We lived in the house that my father (build) ________________________.

4. We admired the picture that Lucy (paint) ________________________.

5. They watered the trees that they (plant) ____________________________.

6. The teacher corrected the tests that the pupils (write) ________________________.

7. I received a good mark in my test because I (practise) ______________________on ego4u.

8. The mail order house did not send me the shirt that I (order) _______________________.

9. I had to clean the floor because my cats (knock) _______________________over the flower

pots.


57

10. My friend was in hospital because she (slip) _____________________on a banana skin.

C) Write the verbs in Past Perfect Simple. Use the negative form.

1. In the shopping centre, I met a friend who I (see / not) ______________________for ages.

2. The thief could walk right into the house because you (lock / not)

______________________the door.

3. We lost the match because we (practise / not) ________________________the days before.

4. At school, Jim quickly copied the homework that he (do / not)

____________________________.

5. We ate at a restaurant last night because I (buy / not)

___________________________anything for dinner.

6. When we came back, it was cold in the house because Alice (close / not)

_________________the windows.

7. All day long, Phil was angry with me just because I (greet / not)

___________________________him first.

8. When I met Jane at eleven o’clock, she (have / not) __________________________breakfast

yet.

9. I couldn’t go to the cinema with my friends last night because I (finish / not)

_______________my homework yet.

10. Fred answered my question although I (ask / not) _______________________him.

D) Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.

1. (what / Bob / do) _______________________that he was kept in after school?

2. (you / eat) ________________________anything before you went to the theatre?

3. (he / live) ______________________in London before he moved to Glasgow?

4. (she / find) __________________________a new job by that time?

5. (they / book) _____________________a room before they went to Dublin?

6. (how often / you / ring) ____________________the bell before he answered the door?

7. (why / they / have) ________________________dinner before they came to the party?

8. (Carly / wash) __________________________the dishes when her mum came home?

9. (you / read) __________________________the contract before you signed it?

10. (who / live) __________________________in the house before we moved in?

E) Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect simple).


58

1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) ________________________.

2. He (not / be) __________________________to Cape Town before 1997.

3. When she went out to play, she (do / already) ________________________her homework.

4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) ______________________________.

5. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on) ______________________________six weeks

before.

6. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) _____________________________.

7. I could not remember the poem we (learn) _______________________________the week

before.

8. The children collected the chestnuts that (fall) ____________________________from the tree.

9. (he / phone) _______________________Angie before he went to see her in London?

10. She (not / ride) ________________________a horse before that day.

F) Read the sentences. Choose the answer which shows the order the actions happened.

1. When I arrived at John's (1), we drank the wine (2) he had opened (3).

a. 1,2,3 b. 2,1,3

c. 3,2,1 d. 3,1,2

2. John sat at his computer (1) and thought about his day (2). He had got up late (3), and his boss had threatened to fire him (4)

a. 1,2,3,4 b. 3,4,1,2

c. 3,2,1,4 d. 4,3,2,1

3. When we got to the theatre (1), the concert had started (2) and all the seats had been taken (3).

a. 1,2,3 b. 2,1,3

c. 3,2,1 d. 3,1,2

4. When I had eaten (1), I got a stomachache (2) and took some medicine (3).

a. 1,2,3 b. 2,3,1

c. 3,2,1 d. 3,1,2

5. I went to bed (1) after I'd taken a bath (2) and brushed my teeth (3).

a. 1,2,3 b. 2,3,1

c. 3,2,1 d. 3,1,2

6. Mike had dinner (1), then went to sit in the living room (2). He was feeling miserable (3). It had been an awful day (4).

a. 1,2,3,4 b. 3,2,1,4


59

c. 4,3,1,2 d. 3,4,1,2

7. When I arrived at John's house (1), he had made a cake (2) and done the dishes (3).

a. 1,2,3 b. 3,2,1

c. 3,1,2 d. 2,3,1

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/pastperfect/exercise6.html

PAST PERFECT

vs

SIMPLE PAST


60

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/pastperfect/exercise6.html

A) Change the verbs to past perfect or simple past.

1.

First: Diego ate dinner. Then: Pablo came over.

Diego (eat) ________________ dinner already by the time Pablo

(come) ____________________ over.

2.

First: I finished my homework. Then: I went to bed.

I (go) _____________________ to bed after I (finish) _____________________ my

homework.

3.

First: Sam washed the dishes. Then: Sam turned on the TV.

Sam (turn)__________________________ on the TV after he

(wash) ____________________ the dishes.

4.

First: Frank threw the football. Then: Frank fell down.

Frank (fall) ___________________________ down after he

(throw) ____________________ the football.

5.

First: I bought an airplane ticket. Then: Sara found a really good price.

After I (buy) _____________________ an airplane ticket already, Sara

(find) _______________________ a really good price.

6. Last night I started to make dinner at 5:30, and finished at 5:50. At 6:00, my husband came

home.

By the time my husband (come) ______________________ home, I


61

(make) _________________________ dinner already.

7.

Yesterday Maria fed the cat and then she went to work.

Maria (go) __________________________ to work after she

(feed) _____________________ the cat.

8. Peter was late. By the time he (get) _____________________ to the theater, the movie

(start) __________________________ already.

9. The teacher (give) ______________________ an exam by the time Jorge

(arrive)_______________________ at school.

10. We (play) _____________________ cards for several hours after the children

(go) ______________________ to bed.

B) Complete with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the simple past or past perfect.

1. They _________ (go) out when they ___________ (finish) dinner

2. She __________ (was) really happy after he __________ (tell) her he loved her.

3. She __________ (look) white as a sheet because she _____________ (see) a ghost.

4. When I _________ (get) to school, I ___________ (realize) I _____________ (put) on

my sister’s sweater.

5. When he ________________ (wake up), his mother_____________________

(already / prepare) breakfast.

6. We ___________________(go) to London because the Queen___________________

(invite) us for tea.

7. He ____________________(hear) the news,________________ (go) to the telephone

and _______________(call) a friend.

8. When she ________________(start) to learn English, she____________________

(already / learn) French.

9. Jane _______________________(already / type) ten pages when her computer

_________________(crash)

10. I felt very tired when I got home, so I ______________________ (go) straight to bed.

11. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody ____________________ (go) to

bed.

12. Sorry I’m late. The car _______________________ (break down) on my way here.


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13. Last year we went to mexico. It was our first time there. We

__________________________ (never / go) there before.

14. By the time we entered the cinema, the movie ______________________ (already /

begin)

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE or

CONTINUOUS


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A) Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect progressive).

1. We (sleep) _________________________for 12 hours when he woke us up.

2. They (wait) _______________________at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally arrived.

3. We (look for) __________________________her ring for two hours and then we found it in the bathroom.

4. I (not / walk) ___________________________for a long time, when it suddenly began to rain.

5. How long (learn / she) ____________________________English before she went to London?

6. Frank Sinatra caught the flu because he (sing) _______________________in the rain too long.

7. He (drive) __________________________________less than an hour when he ran out of petrol.

8. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) _______________________on the farm all day.

9. I (not / work) _____________________________all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at night.

10. They (cycle) ________________________________all day so their legs were sore in the evening.

B) Write what the children had been doing before their parents arrived.

1. They ______________ (shout) for a few hours before their parents arrived.

2. They ______________ (eat noisily) for a few hours before their parents arrived.

3. They ______________ (play music at full volume) for a few hours before their parents arrived.

4. They ______________ (jump on their parents' bed) for a few hours before their parents arrived.

5. They ______________ (try on Mary's clothes) for a few hours before their parents arrived.

C) Put the two activities together in one sentence by using the past perfect progressive.

Make sure you use the time information. You may add words, such as because or after.

There may be more than one answer. The first one has been done for you.


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1. First: It snowed all morning.

Second: The kids went outside to make a snowman.

Answer: Before the kids went outside, it had been snowing all morning.

2. First: She loved him for a year.

Second: They had their first date.

3. First: I studied French for 2 years.

Second: I visited France.

4. First: Trudy drove for 12 straight hours.

Second: She had an accident.

5. First: The doctor was trained for 4 years.

Second: He opened his own office.

6. First: I believed you.

Second: Sam told me the truth.

7. First: Diane watched TV all afternoon.

Second: Her eyes were itchy.

8. First: Columbus sailed for more than 2 months.

Second: He and his 90 sailors saw North America.

9. First: It rained a long time.


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Second: Robin's clothes were wet.

10. First: Raw meat was on the table for a week.

Second: The house stunk.

PAST PERFECT vs

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

vs

SIMPLE PAST


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A) Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using the past perfect continuous or the past perfect simple.

1 When the student revolution came, I _____________________________________ there for 6 months. ( work )

2 Before Jim finally decided to go to Thailand, he _____________________________________ about it for months. ( think )

3 They _____________________________________ all the chocolate cake by the time Michael got to the party. ( eat )

4 I _____________________________________ Scarlett Johansson on three previous occasions. Lucky me! ( met )

5 The forensic evidence shows that he _____________________________________ his nose just before he was murdered. ( pick )

6 When the doctor told him his liver was seriously bad, he _____________________________________ hamburgers for a month. ( eat )

7 Prior to the explosion, the fat man _____________________________________ seven large chocolate cakes. ( eat )

8 When they cancelled the flight to Alicante, the storm _____________________________________ all afternoon with no sign of abating. ( rage )

B) Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using the past continuous or the past perfect continuous.

1 When I asked Carlos if he wanted to go out, he said he couldn't because he _____________________________________ an assignment. ( finish )

2 Scarlett came into the room panting. She _____________________________________ round the park. ( jog )

3 Scarlett wasn't in. She _____________________________________ around the park. ( jog )

4 I _____________________________________ a bath when I suddenly had a great idea. ( have )

5 He told me he _________________________ seriously _________________________ about finding another job soon. ( think )

6 He _____________________________________ about finding a new job for about a year before he finally got round to it. He´s happy now. ( think )


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7 It was obvious from her outrageous behaviour that _____________________________________. ( drink )

8 I _____________________________________ a latte in the Café New York, when I saw a famous actor walk past the window. ( drink )

C) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (past perfect/past perfect cont).

I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because the show started at 8:00. I (try) _______________________to get tickets for that play for months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left the coffee shop where we were supposed to meet, I (have) ______________________five cups of coffee and I (wait) __________________________over an hour. I had to leave because I (arrange) _____________________to meet Kathy in front of the theater.

When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) ______________________up the tickets and she was waiting for us near the entrance. She was really angry because she (wait) __________________________for more than half an hour. She said she (give, almost) __________________________up and (go) ____________________________into the theater without us.

Kathy told me you (be) ________________________________late several times in the past and that she would not make plans with you again in the future. She mentioned that she (miss) ___________________________several movies because of your late arrivals. I think you owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!

D) Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using the past perfect continuous or the past perfect simple.

1 When the student revolution came, I _____________________________________ there for 6 months. ( work )

2 Before Jim finally decided to go to Thailand, he _____________________________________ about it for months. ( think )

3 They _____________________________________ all the chocolate cake by the time Michael got to the party. ( eat )

4 I _____________________________________ Scarlett Johansson on three previous occasions. Lucky me! ( met )

5 The forensic evidence shows that he _____________________________________ his nose just before he was murdered. ( pick )

6 When the doctor told him his liver was seriously bad, he _____________________________________ hamburgers for a month. ( eat )

7 Prior to the explosion, the fat man _____________________________________


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seven large chocolate cakes. ( eat )

8 When they cancelled the flight to Alicante, the storm _____________________________________ all afternoon with no sign of abating. ( rage )

Present Perfect

vs

Past Perfect LORENA RAFAEL

HANDOUT 69

vs

Present Perfect Continuous

vs

Past Perfect Continuous

A) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous and Past Perfect Continuous)

It is already 9:30 PM and I (wait) _______________________here for over an hour. If John

does not get here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave.

2. I was really angry at John yesterday. By the time he finally arrived, I (wait)

____________________for over an hour. I almost left without him.

3. Did you hear that Ben was fired last month? He (work) __________________________for


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that import company for more than ten years and he (work) ___________________________in

almost every department. Nobody knew the company like he did.

4. I (see) _____________________________many pictures of the pyramids before I went to

Egypt. Pictures of the monuments are very misleading. The pyramids are actually quite small.

5. Sarah (climb) _____________________________the Matterhorn, (sail)

________________________around the world, and (go) ________________________on safari

in Kenya. She is such an adventurous person.

6. Sarah (climb) ____________________________the Matterhorn, (sail)

_____________________around the world and (go) ______________________________on

safari in Kenya by the time she turned twenty-five. She (experience)

_______________________more by that age than most people do in their entire lives.

7. When Melanie came into the office yesterday, her eyes were red and watery. I think she

(cry)__________________________________________.

WILLvs

BE GOING TO


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A) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (will or be going to).

1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? B: I (write) ______________________a letter to my friends back home in Texas.

2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! B: I (get) ________________________you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.

3. A: I can't hear the television! B: I (turn) _______________________it up so you can hear it.

4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) ________________Paris, Nice and Grenoble.

5. Sarah (come) _____________________to the party. Oliver (be) _________________there as well.


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6. Ted: It is so hot in here! Sarah: I (turn) __________________________the air-conditioning on.

7. I think he (be) ___________________________the next President of the United States.

8. After I graduate, I (attend) _____________________medical school and become a doctor. I have wanted to be a doctor all my life.

9. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too small for four people. B: That man at the service counter (help) ___________________________you.

10. As soon as the weather clears up, we (walk) ______________________down to the beach and go swimming. B) Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses

(will or be going to).

1.

Mark: What are you doing with those scissors?

Beth: I (cut) ________________________that picture of the ocean out of the travel magazine.

Mark: What (you, do) _______________________with it?

Beth: I (paint) _____________________a watercolor of the ocean for my art class, and I

thought I could use this photograph as a model.

2.

Mark: (you, do) _____________________________me a favor, Sam?

Sam: Sure, what do you want me to do?

Mark: I (change) ______________________the broken light bulb in the lamp above the dining

room table. I need someone to hold the ladder for me while I am up there.

Sam: No problem, I (hold) _____________________________it for you.

3.

Gina: Where are you going?

Ted: I (go) ________________________to the store to pick up some groceries.

Gina: What (you, get)______________________________?

Ted: I (buy) ______________________some milk, some bread, and some coffee.

4.

John: Wow, it's freezing out there.

Jane: I (make) ______________________some coffee to warm us up. Do you want a piece of


73

pie as well?

John: Coffee sounds great! But I (have) ___________________________dinner with some

friends later, so I'd better skip the pie.

Jane: I (go) ______________________to dinner tonight too, but I'm having a piece of pie

anyway.

5.

Frank: I heard you're taking a Spanish class at the community college.

Tom: Yeah, I (go) ___________________________to Guatemala next spring and I thought

knowing a little Spanish would make the trip easier.

Frank: I (visit) ____________________my brother in Marseilles next year. Maybe I should take

a French class.

Tom: I have a course catalog in the other room. I (go) _______________________get it, and we

can see whether or not they're offering a French course next semester.

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (will or be

going to).

1.

Michael: Do you think the Republicans or the Democrats (win) ____________________the

next election?

Jane: I think the Republicans (win) ___________________________the next election.

John: No way! The Democrats (win)____________________________.

2.

Susan: We (go) __________________________camping this weekend. Would you like to come

along?

Sam: That sounds great, but I don't have a sleeping bag.

Susan: No problem. I (lend) ______________________you one. My family has tons of

camping gear.

3.

Barbara: I (buy) ________________________a new car this weekend, but I'm a little worried

because I don't really know much about cars. I'm afraid the salesman (try)

____________________to take advantage of me when he sees how little I know.

Dave: I used to work for a mechanic in high school and I know a lot about cars. I (go)

________________________with you to make sure you are not cheated.

4.


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Gina: Fred and I (visit) _______________________Santa Fe next summer. Have you ever been

there?

Margaret: My family lives in Santa Fe! I (give) ________________________you my parents'

phone number. When you get to Santa Fe, just call them and they (give)

_____________________you a little tour of the town. They can show you some of the sights

that most tourists never see.

5.

Pam: Can you see my future in the crystal ball? What (happen) ______________________next

year?

Fortune Teller: You (meet) ______________________a man from the East Coast, perhaps New

York or maybe Boston. You (marry) __________________________that mystery man.

Pam: Forget the man! I want to know if I (get)_______________________ a new job.

B) Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the going to or will form of the future tense.

1 Sally: There's no milk left!

Betty: Oh. I _______________ some from the shop. (get)

2 The population of Valencia _______________ 2 million by the year 2010. (reach)

3 Mum: I told you to tidy up your room.

Son: Sorry, Mum, I forgot. I _______________ it after lunch.(do)

4 Sally: Why don't we meet for coffee on Friday morning?

Willy: Sorry. I can't. I _______________ the doctor then. (see)

5 "Tomorrow _______________ a bright and sunny day everywhere in Spain, except in La Coruña," said the weatherwoman. (be)

6 Look at that big black cloud. I think it _______________ . (rain)

7 Sally: What are your plans for the week-end?

Betty: Brad Pitt phoned. We _______________ on a picnic. (go)

8 Betty: Have you booked the flights yet?

Sally: Don't worry. It's all organized. I _______________ to the travel agent's tomorrow morning. (go)

9 In the future people _______________ bigger heads. (have)

10 If we miss the bus, we _______________ a taxi. (take)

11 Next month I _______________ a DVD player. (buy)

12 When _______________ you _______________ another party? (have)


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13 I've got to go to the dentist this morning. _______________ you _______________ with me? (come)

14 Oh no! I think I _______________ . (sneeze)

15 Fanny: I can't open this jar.

Leslie: Give it to me. I _______________ it. (do)

C) Choose the correct option

1 I feel really tired. I think I ______ go to bed.'ll'm going to

2 Where are you going?

I ______ visit a customer.'ll'm going to

3 Do you want me to help you?

No thanks. John ______ help me.'ll's going to

4 Would you prefer tea or coffee?

I ______ have some coffee, please.'ll'm going to

5 Would you like to come to my house for dinner and talk about this?

Good idea. I ______ bring some wine.'ll'm going to

6 I've already decided. I ______ buy a new car'll'm going to

7 What are your plans for next week?

I ______ to fly to New York on business. Probably on Tuesday but I haven't bought my ticket yet.

'll'm going to

8 What are your plans for the holidays?


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I ______ visit my parents for a few days and then go walking in Scotland.'ll'm going to

9 Why are you wearing your best suit?

I ______ have lunch with my biggest customer.'ll'm going to

10 Do you want to have the chicken or the beef?

I think ______ have the beef.'ll'm going to

11 My head hurts.

Sit down and I ______ get you an aspirin.'ll'm going to

12 We need some more ink for the printer.

I ______ go to the shop and get some.'ll'm going to

13 Look! There's smoke coming out of the photocopier.

You turn it off and I ______ phone the safety officer'll'm going to

14 I cannot see how to use this spreadsheet.

Don't worry. I ______ help you.'ll'm going to

15 I need to speak to you today.

I'm going out now but I ______ be back later.'ll'm going to

16 Did you phone Michael?

I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I ______ do it now.'ll


77

'm going to

17 Can you help me with this? I don't understand.

I ______ give you a hand as soon as I've finished this.'ll'm going to

18 That's much too heavy for one person. I ______ give you a hand.'ll'm going to

19 Could somebody answer the phone?

I ______ get it.'ll'm going to

20 It's really hot in here.

I ______ put on the air-conditioning.'ll'm going to


78

SIMPLE FUTUREvs

FUTURE CONTINUOUS


79

A)Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses (future simple or future continuous)

1.

Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?

Marcus: He (wait) _______________for us when our train arrives. I am sure he (stand)

________________on the platform when we pull into the station.

Sandra: And then what?

Marcus: We (pick) ____________________Michele up at work and go out to dinner.

2.

Ted: When we get to the party, Jerry (watch) ____________________TV, Sam (make)

________________drinks, Beth (dance) _______________by herself, and Thad (complain)

_____________________about his day at work.

Robin: Maybe, this time they won't be doing the same things.

Ted: I am absolutely positive they (do) _________________the same things; they always do

the same things.

3.

Florence: Oh, look at that mountain of dirty dishes! Who (wash) ____________________all of

those?

Jack: I promise I (do) _______________________them when I get home from work.

Florence: Thanks.

Jack: When you get home this evening, that mountain will be gone and nice stacks of sparkling

clean dishes (sit) _______________________in the cabinets.

4.

Doug: If you need to contact me next week, I (stay) _________________at the Hoffman Hotel.

Nancy: I (call) ______________________you if there are any problems.

Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids.

Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) _______________________be fine.

5.

Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) _________________on a tropical beach in


80

Maui drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.

Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) ____________________out over this

marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?

Samantha: I 'll manage somehow.

Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?

Samantha: No. But I (send) ________________________you a postcard of a beautiful, white

sand beach.

Darren: Great, that (make) ____________________________me feel much better

B) Choose the correct verb tense for each sentence.

1. By the time I'm 60, I ________ (lose) all my hair.

a) will have lost b) will lose

2. I won't be able to talk to you in 15 minutes because I ________ (do) my homework.

a) will do b) will be doing

3. By the time I get home, my wife ________ (eat) the whole cake.

a) will have eaten b) will be eating

4. I ________ (talk) to my son about his poor test results.

a) will talk b) will be talking

5. This time tomorrow I ________ (swim) in the ocean.

a) will swim b) will be swimming

6. I ________ (see) you at 7.

a) will have seen b) will see

7. By the time the guests arrive, I ________ (clean) the room.

a) will have cleaned b) will clean

8. I decided that I ________ (become) a doctor.

a) will be becoming b) will become

9. I ________ (travel) for the next month.

a) will travel b) will be traveling

10. I'm really tired today - I ________ (do) my exercises tomorrow.

a) will do b) will be doing

C) Choose the correct verb tense for each sentence.

1. Tomorrow I ________ (paint) all day.

a) will be painting b) will paint

2. By the time we get there, the store ________ (close).


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a) will close b) will have closed

3. I ________ (see) you tomorrow at 3:00 PM.

a) will see b) see

4. After we finish this video, I ________ (see) all of this director's movies.

a) will see b) will have seen

5. Can I come over in an hour? No, I ________ (clean) the house.

a) will clean b) will be cleaning

6. This time next week, I ________ (drink) wine in Argentina.

a) will be drinking b) will drink

7. She doesn't realize what kind of person he is, but she ________ (find out).

a) will be finding out b) will find out

8. She insulted me. I ________ (speak) to her again!

a) will never speak b) will have never spoken

9. If he continues drinking so fast, he ________ (drink) the whole bottle by midnight.

a) will have drunk b) will be drinking

10. She ________ (tell) me when her birthday is.

a) will not be telling b) won't tell


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