Handbook of 12 Inch Howitzer Railway Mount Model of 1918

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O O FORM 2O28

HANDBOOK OF

12-INCH HOWITZER RAILWAY MOUNT.

MODEL OF 1918.

(THIRTY-SEVEN PLATES)

ED. JULY 3-19--1OO



LIBRARY

GENERAL STAFFtOLLEGE

S. ARMY3—7279



OF

U.S. ARMY MILITARY HISTORY INSTITUTE$353

War Departmenteffice of the Oiief of Ordnance

Washington.* t 1919«

Ohis Manual is pub lished fo r th e inform ation and guidance

of the Army of the United states*

By Qr4«r of The Secretary of War»

4 C»C. Williams,« Gen :t0rd.Dept•, U.S»A.

Chief of Ordnance*

•L,: •

PROPERTY O F TH ^ US ARMY

2317JI

TABLE 0 ? CONTENTS,

FART 1 *

1 2 " H o w i t z e r R a i l w a y M o u nt , M o d e l , o f 1 9 1 8 *

S e c t i o n A - G e n e r a l D e s c r i p t i o n * • • , • • • • • • • • * « » * • • »

( a ) D e s c r i p t i o n * * « . . . . . . . . « . . , . « • • • * .

( b ) O p e r a t i o n * • • * • • • • • • • • » • • • » • • • . « •

S e c t i o n B - R e c o i l M e c h a n i s m * « • * • . . . . . . . • • • * • •

S e c t i o n C - R e c u p e r a t o r a n d L i q u i d P u m p « « « * *

S e c t i o n D - E l e v a t i n g M e c h a n i s m • • • • , , « • • • • • • • • • • •

S e c t i o n E - T r a v e r s i n g M e c h a n i s m . • • • « • » • • • • • • • • * • «

S e c t i o n F - A n t i - F r i c t i o n D e v i c e * • • « * » « «

S e c t i o n G - A s i m u n i t i o n C r a n e * • • * » • • • • • • • • • « • , < * •

S e c t i o n H - C a r p r o p e r * * • • • , • • • • • * • • * * • • * • » • •

S e c t i d n HI. - T r u c k s * « • • • • • • • • * . « • • * • • * • • • • « «

S e c t i o n J - B r a k e s • » » • * • • • » « • . « « • , * • • # • • • »

S e d t i o n K - D r a f t G e a r a n d F r e n c h C o u p l e r « * *

( a ) D r a f t g e a r * • • • * . • * • • • • • • • * * • • , , * •

( b ) T o c o u p l e t h e c a r * « • • • • • • • • * « • • • • « « •

( c ) T o u n c o u p l e t h e c a r • • • • • # • • • • • * * • • . .

( d ) F r e n c h c o u p l e r * • » * . . . » . • • « . . . . • / . » *. •

( e ) T o c o u p l e t h e c a r « • * . * * • • * * • « « • • • * •

( f ) T o u n c o u p l e t h e c a r » « v « • • • • • • • • * • * * • * * »

S e c t i o n L - J a c k s * • • • « » , • • » • • • * • • • « « • • • • * • • • • «

( a ) T o r a i s e c a r v ; i t h s c r e w j a c k s • « »

( b ) T o l o w e r c a r i t h s c r e w j a c k s • |* • # « « » »

S e c t i o n M - F o u n d a t i o n * • • • * • • • • • • • • • • • • • - » • • « • • •

2 3 1 7 6

- 2

P a g ©

( a ) T o p l a c e f o u n d a t i o n f o r t r a v e l i n g . • • • • • • » • • • *

( b ) T o d i s a s s e m b l e f o u n d a t i o n a n d l o a d f o r f i r i n g

3~o':i.oa E ~ O u t r i g g e r s * » • < • . « « «, . < • • • . . « . • * •

( a ) T o p l a c e e n d o u t r i g g e r f o r f i r i n g . « . « . , . . . . .

( b ) T o p l c o e s i d e o u t r i g g e r f o r firing-.o •

( c ) T o a d j u s t f c r s w on o u t r i g g e r » . o « , < > .

( d ) T o ai'ja.^t f l o a t s , • « « . « » « » . . . . . . . . . . . .

( e ) T o p l r o e e n d . o u t r i g g e r s t r u t f o r c a r r y i n g . . . / , . . .

'(j ) T o g"*£:-e s i d e o u t r i g g e r s t r u t f o r c a r r y i n g * • » • • • •

( g ; T o p l a c e ; f l o a t s a n d f o o t p l a t e s f - o r c a r r j ^ i n g • • • » • .

S e c t i o n 0 - A j T j U i r o . t d o n R a n d J . i n g - * c « . • c > . . , . •

S e c t i o n P - M u s z i e S u p p e r I * « . • « 4 . «

(f vx) D e s c r i p t i o n • • • « . . . . « #

( b ) T o P l a c e M u z a l e S u p p o r t . »

S e c t i o n Q -• C h e s t s I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *

S e c t i o n R - C a m o u f l a g e • • • * . « » . . . . . . . . . .

( a ) D e s c r i p t i o n • • » » • » • • • * . . .

( b ) P a i n t s * •

( c ) T o A p p l y t h e P a i n t * * *

( d ) T o R e m o v e t h e P a i n t * • . . *

P A R T I I

I n s p e c t i o n a n d M a i n t e n a n c e o f M o u n t . « • * •

S e c t i o n A - C a r e o f r e c o i l m e c h a n i s m » • • • • » •

(a) In General •

(b) To Dismount recoil mechanism

(c) To assemble recoil mechanism. • « . . « . »

(d) To Fill Recoil mechanism . . *

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3 a .

( e ) T o p a c k s t u f f i n g b o x . . . . » * . . . . . . « • • • .

( f ) T o c l e a n r e c o i l c y l i n d e r . . . . . . • •

S E C T I O N ..B - : 0 a t e of R e c u p e r a t o r >

( a ) i n G e n e r a l . •

( b ) T o d i s m o u n t r e c u p e r a t o r » • « • • • « • • •

( c ) T o a s s e m b l e r e c u p e r a t o r « « • • • • • • • • • • • » •

(d) To fill recuperator. . » • . . . « •

(e) To pack stuffing box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . « *

(f) To clean recuperator cylinder and plunger* • • • • •

23176

3 b *

S E C T I O N C - C a r e of e l e v a t i n g m e c h a n i s m . . . *

P a g e

( a ) T o d i s m o u n t e l e v a t i n g m e c h a n i s m . . . . . . . . . . .

( b ) T o a s s e m b l e e l e v a t i n g m e c h a n i s m . . . . . . . . . . . .

S E C T I O N D - C a r e o f t r a v e r s i n g m e c h a n i s m

( a ) T o d i s m o u n t t r a v e r s i n g m e c h a n i s m . • « • . . « . . . . . •

( b ) T o a s s e m b l e t r a v e r s i n g m e c h a n i s m .

S e c t i o n E - C a r e o f a n t i - f r i c t i o n D e v i c e . « . . . . . .

( a ) T o d i s m o u n t a n t i - f r i c t i o n d e v i c e • • . . •

( b ) To a s s e m b l e a n t i - f r i c t i o n d e v i c e • . » . . . «

S e c t i o n F C a r e o f A m m u n i t i o n C r a n e . * * . <

( a ) T o d i s m o u n t a m m u n i t i o n c r a n e . . . . . . . .

( b ) T o a s s e m b l e a m m u n i t i o n c r a n e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

S e c t i o n G - C a r e o f t r u c k s . . . . . . . . . .

( a ) T o r e m o v e t r u c k s . . . . . . . . . . . , . . »

( b ) T o d i s a s s e m b l e a n d a s s e m b l e t r u c k s • • • • » .

( c ) T o p a c k j o u r n a l b o x e s

( d ) T o r e p l a c e j o u r n a l b e a r i n g s . • » . . . • , . .

( e ) T o p l a c e t r u c k s u n d e r c a r

S e c t i o n H - C a r e o f B r a k e s . . » . . . • • • . . . . . . . * . * . . .

( a ) T o d i s a s s e m b l e a i r b r a k e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

( b ) T o d i s a s s e m b l e a n d a s s e m b l e h a n d b r a k e . . . . . . a . .

( c ) T O a s s e m b l e a i r b r a k e . . . » • • . . .

(d ) To c l e a n a n d o i l b r a k e c y l i n d e r .

( e ) To clean and o il t r ip le valve

(f ) To clean centrifugal dirt collector

23176

P a g e

( g ) To t a k o u p s h o e w e a r * • • . • • • • • » • • • . * • • <

( h ) To r e p l a c e b r a k e s h o e s . • • • . • . ,

S e c t i o n I - C a r e of j a c k s • • » . . . • • • » . . . . • » . « * • •

( a ) To d i s a s s e m b l e s c r e w j a c k s * * « . .

( b ) To a s s e m b l e s c r e w j a c k s . « • • • • • • • > * . • • • •

( c ) C a r e a n d o i l i n g of s c r e w j a c k s • •

( d ) C a r e of a u x i l i a r y j a c k s « • . • •

PART I I I ,

S e c t i o n A - P r e c a u t i o n s t o b e o b s e rv ed b e f o r e f i r i n g * • • . . . . •

S e c t i o n B - P r e c a u t i o n s t o b e o b s e r v e d b e f o r e t r a v e l l i n g • • * • •

S e c t i o n C - L i s t of g r e a s e c u p s a n d h an d y o i l e r s . « • • • • * • • •

PART I V . - L i s t o f P a r t s

PA RT V - T a b l e o f W e i g h t s an d

D i m e n s i o n s *

PART V I - L i s t of T o t a l E q u i p m e n t

13175

~5

List of Plates _

I - 12-inch Howitzer Railway Mount. Right Side Elevat ion

I I • 12-inch Howitzer Rarilwey Mouvjt, Left Side Elevation <»

I I I 12-inch Howitzer Railway Mount, Longitudinal Section

IV* 12 - in ch Ho wi t ze r Ra i lwa y Mount . P l a n View .

V« 12-indc1. Ho wi tz e r Ra i lw ay Mount , Ftfoi-.it Viev/*

VI* 12 - in ch How i tze r Ra i lway Mount , Rear View*

VII, Recoil Cylinder Assembly*

VIII, Recuperator Assembly•

IX* Liquid Pump and Piping Arrangement.

X« Liquid Pump Assembly.

XI» Elevating Assembly*

XII# Foot lever Assembly*

XIII, Traversing Assembly*

XIV, Anti-frriction Device Assembly*

XV, Loading Assembly»

XVI, platform^Assembly, Right Side.

XVII* Platform Assembly, Left Side*

XVIII. Frame Assembly.

XIX, Air Brake Assembly, Front*

XE. Air Brake Assembly, Rear.

XXI, Lever Assembly, Plan View.

XXII.• Lever Assembly, Side View,

XXIII* Outrigger Assembly*

YYIV. Foundation Assembly*

XXV, Jack Assembly*

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- 6

XXVI* Eq uip m en t Ass em bly«

XXVII* Am munition Cr ane Assembler*

XXVIII, Weight distribution diagram.

XXIX, Air Brake Cylinder, Type D, 10X12.

XXX, j&u.ailiary reservoir, Type D.

XXXI, Centrifugal dirt collector.

XXXII, Truck Assembly*

XXXIII, Triple Valve K-2

XXXIVD Camcu? Is.ge»

XXXVC C a rframe French couplers

XXXVIe Buffer Assembly*

XXXVII, Draft Gear Assembly.

2317$



_^2-J&ich Bov/itzer_R^

_Model of 1918

Section A* - General Description*

(a) Descript ion«

Refer to pl at es I,. I I , I I I , IV, V and VI

fo r l i s t of p>a;-ts with th e i r piece m rk s and the materia l of which they

are made, see page .

The mount i s designed to permit the Howitzer to "be traversed

through 360 degreoSy elevated from minus 5 to plus 60 degrees and f ired

from 20 to 60 degrees *

The pr in ci pa l p ar ts of th e mount are the base p la te , which is

a pa rt of the car proper, racer, distance ring and traversing r©llers , side

frames, crad le, recoil system, recuperator system, trave rsing and eleva ting

mechanisms, elevation quadrant, panoramic sigh t, loading tr ay, loading

and working platforms, and car proper, including body, truc ks , brakes and

couplers toge ther with outrig gers , f lo a ts , jacks and foundation de ta ils *

The base pla te is a one piece casting used as the center sec

ti on of the car proper and bolted to the car frame on each end* The

lower ro ll e r path is machined on the upper side and a p in tl e surface is

machined on the outer side of the ve rt ic a l annular flan ge, on the inner

side of this flange the traversing rack is bolted*

The racer i s cast in one piece and has i t s lov/er surface mach

ined, forming the upper roller path, corresponding to the lower roller

path on the base p l a t e . The inner ve r ti ca l surface is machined to form

th e female part of the p in tl e* The outer vert ic a l surface i s machined and

graduations are engraved forming an azimuth circle.

23175'



There are 640 divis ions of 10 mils each, the 0 graduation

being on the le ft side of the racer 45 degrees le ft of gear- Ihe

aximuth pointer is of gernian s il ver graduated from 0 to 10 mils and is

fastened to a builb up bracket bolted to the base p la te . Five clips ,

engaging the under side of the base plate flange and bol ted,to the "

racer prevent any relative vertical movement o? the racer with the base

plate* Dust guards are bolted to the ou-ter surface of the racer pre

venting dust and d ir t from entering the trav ers ing r o ll e r system and

pintle bearing*

The traversing ro ll er system consists of forty conical r o ll er s t

held in a radial po sition by the distance ring1 and kept concentric with "

the p in tl e by flanges on the inner edges of the roll er s in .contact v/ith

th e inner edge of the ro ll e r path on the base ring* Handy oi le rs are

located on the outsdde Vert ica l surface of tlje racer v/ith oil tubes

leading to continuous oil gutters cut in the distance ring, for the dis

tribution of oil to the rollers*

The side frames are bolted to tk© upper surface of the racer

and held together by the front and rea r transom; t h is uni t supports

the tipping parts of the mount*

The cradle supported in the side frames by its, trunnions

serves as a sli de way for the hbv/itzer when recoilin g and carr ie s the

recoil and recuperator systems • The loading platform of st ru ctura l

steel extends to the rear of the mount and is held in place by supports

fastened to the rear transom and side frames. Tne platform i s construct

ed with an opening in the center for the howitzer to recoil through*

This opening i s covered by a folding platform iji two sect ions connected

23176



— 9 —

toge ther and to the loading plajtfora by hing es . This platform is down

v,u,,;: loading and folded back v/hen f i r i n g . On the right side of the

mount i s the elevating platform which is folded, in v/hen trav el ing* A

loading tray built up of structural steel is bolted to the goading plat

form, and is constructed to carry three pro ject iles at a ti m s. Cranes

on th e rear of th e loading platform ho is t the pro je ct il es from the am

munition ta bl e on the car floor to .t he loading t r a y , i| sh el l trough plac

ed in the breech of t he Howitzer and re st ing on the loading t ra y is usdd

to sl id e the pro je ct il e and powder into the Howitzer* The car has a cast

steel center vhlch serves as a base pla te and ro ll er path for the tra ve r

sing parts of the mount and structural steel ends all mounted on standard

s ix wheel trucks* The car serves'as a fi ring platform and transport

ve hicle, vihen in transpor t the entireweight r es ts upon the trucks in the

ordinary way, but in firing the car is raised by jacks; beams and cross-

ties then placed underneath and the car lowered thereon, relieving the

weight from the trucks* The outriggers are then se t out against the wood

en float s backed by the earth to re si st the rec oi l when the howitzer is

f i r ed .

An ammunition trough and ta ble are located on the car floo r

and ammunition is brought from the ammunition car to the trough and slid

down to th e tab le which holds seven pr oje ct il es *

The reco il mechanism, recuperator, elevating and travers ing

•mechanism, an ti -f ri ct io n device, crane, jacks, outriggers, tru cks, car

proper a i r brakes, draf t gear and ammunition ta ble will each be des

cribed in detail later *

2317



- 1 0

( b ) O p e r a t i o n .

The p ie c e i s l a i d in azimuth by th e combined usec of th e

panoramic s i g ht or az imuth c i r c l e , and th e t r a ve rs in g mechanism* Eleva

t i o n i s ob t a ined by s e t t i n g t he quad ran t a t t he e l eva t i on r eq u i re d and

ro t a t i ng t h e p i ec e i n e l eva t i on by t he e l ev a t i n g mechan ism*

Upon f i r in g , th e How itzer re c o i l s in th e cra dle a maximum

di s ta nc e of 37*5 inch es , ca r ry ing wi th i t th e re c o i l band and p i s t on ,

p u l l rods and p lung er of th e recup era tor* The energy of re co i l of t he

how i t ze r i s abso rbed"by t h e r es i s t a nc e wh ich t h e f l u i d i n t he hy drau l i c

cy l i nder s o f fe r s i n be ing fo rced t h rough t he open ings pas t t he p i s t ons«

A por t i on of t he energy of r e co i l su f f i c i e n t t o r e tu rn t he howi t ze r i n t o

b a t t e ry i s absorbed by compres sing t h e a i r i n t he r ecup era to r cy l i n der *

The re tu rn of th e p ie ce in to ba t t e r y is eased by ••-he ac t io n of the counte r

re c o i l bu f f e r s , which fo rc e t he f l u i d f rom the cy l i nd er heads th rough

the smal l c l ea rance pas t t he cy l i nder head bush ings*

...SECTION. B - RECOIL MECHANirM

R efe r t o P l a t e VI I .

F or l i s t of p a r t s w i th t h e i r p i ec e marks and t h e m ate r i a l

of which they are made, see page

The re c o i l sys tem operates on th3 .v £r inc ipal of the h yd rau l ic

b rake and i s des igned t o l im i t t he d i s t a nc e a id r e gu l a t e t he ve lo c i t y

wi th which the howi tzer moves to the rear when f i red*

A sma l l po r t i on of th e r e c o i l energy i s t aken up by compress

i ng t h e a i r in t h e r ec up era to r cy l i nd er , bu t ; he g r ea t e r po r t i o n i s taken

up b y t h o r e s i s t a n c e t h e l i q u i d in t h e r e c o i l c y l i n d e r o f f e r s t o b e i n g

f o r c e d t h ro u g h t h e o r i f i c e s f orm ed b / t h e t h r o t t l i n g g r o o v e s . The w i dt h



-11

of these grooves is uniform; but the depth is proportioned so that th s

areas of the or ifi ce s, varying with the position of the piston during

re co il , w ill be such as to give, with the a i r in, the recuperator, a con

stan t re sist anc e throughout the length of re co il •

In fron t of the pis ton, the piston rod is extended to form a

buffer* This buffer i s fl a tt ed so thqt the escape of liquid? during

coun ter -reco il, through the varying clearances between th is and the re

co il cylinder head bushing, w il l offer auch resis tance as will contro l

the motion of the howitzer during i t s return to bat tery* linen the fceccil

piston is in normal recoil position the end of the buffer is back in the

cylinder a distance about 17»375 inches from the cylinder head bushing*

As the reco il piston tr av el s towards the cylinder head during counter

re co il , i t pushes some of the l iquid ahead of i t in to th4 cylinder head;

and Tahen the buffer reaches and begins to enter the cylinder head bush

ing, the cylinder head is filled with the liquid*

The re co il mechanism consis ts of two cylinders f i t te d in and

locked to c yl indr ical bosses on the under side of cradle by spe cial nu ts*

Each i s closed at the front end by a cylinder head and at the re ar end by

a stuf fing box* The th ro tt li ng grooves, above referred to , are thre e in

number, symmetrically located with respect to the longitudinal axis of

the cylinder* The piston rod pro jec ts through the rear of the cylinder

and is held in the re coil band by two nuts» The rear nut should be screwed

up lig h tly t o allow the piston rod to adjust it se lf in the rec oi l band*

When the piece is fired , the pis ton and pisto n rod move to the rear with

the recoil band which is attached to the howitzer while the cylinders re

main sta tion ar y in the c radle* A stu ffing box with packing and follower

is used to make a tight jo in t between the pis ton rod and rea r end of cyl..r"U



in f r on t of the s tu f f in g "box th e re i s a l ea th er washer which

preven t s t he l i qu id i n t he cy l i nder f rom l eak ing t h rough t he t h reads

of the s t uf f i ng box and a l so dur ing re c o i l keeps th e pr es su re of t h e

l i q u id from a ct in g d i re c t l y on th e packing in the s tuf f ing" box* The

cy l ind er head i s s crewed in to t h e f ro n t end of t he r e c c i l cy l i n de r . A

bushing i s screwed in to th e opening of th e head t o ins ur e prop er c le a r

ance fo r th e bu ff e r . A tongue and groove wi th a l e a th e r washer make's a

t igh t f to in t between the e y l i nd er and head*

_SfiCTION C - RECUPERATOR

Refer t o P l a t es V II I , IX and X*

F or l i s t of pa r t s w i th t h e i r p i e ce marks and t h e mat e r i a l of

which th ey a re made,* se e pa ge*

The re cu pe ra to r c o n si s t s of an a i r chanibrer, a p is to n and i t s

pack ings ; a p lung er and i t s yoke and p u l l ro ds . The p i e t cn and p lunger

s l i d e in th e c y l i n d r i c a l p ar t of th e a i r chamber• The p is -son rod has a

be ar in g in th e f ro nt end of th e p lung er* At t h i s end of th ? p lun ger a

yoke conn ects i t wi th th e p u l l ro ds , which in tu rn a re fas ten ed in th e

f r o n t b y a b r a c k e t a nd in t h e r e a r d i r e c t t o t h e r e c o i l b a n d .

The a i r chamber c on s i s t s of a hol low cy l i n d r i c a l for g in g open

in t h e f ron t and c lo sed i n t h e r ea r* The c y l i n d r i c a l pa r t i n f ro n t , i n

wn'ich th e p i s t on and p lun ger moveS | i s f i t t e d w i th a l in in g of sp ec ia l

w at er t ig h t bro nze* The p lu ng er i s of tfye same m at e r i a l as th e l i n e r and

i s machined t o t ake t h e p i s t o n rod , l i q u id f and s t u ff in g box* The p lun ger ,

screwed to th e yoke and sec ure d by se t scraw s , i s d r ive n a t re co i l by th e

two p u l l rods , wh ich a r e f a s t en ed t o t h e r s c o i l band and t r a v e l w i th i t

p u l l rodS ' have bea r ing s i n bush ings f i x ed i n l ugs on t h e c ra d l e . 1h3

2 .". '7 *



-13

jo in t between the plunger and the li ner is made ti gh t by a leath er

packing held in place by a stu ffing box. Flax packing held in the stuff

ing box by a gland makes the jo in t between the plunger and the stu ffing

box tight* A fe l t washer held by a s te e l ring and screwedvto the gland,

prevents sand or grit from entering the plunger packings.

The a ir chamber, or recuperator cy linder, ±3 locked in a cy

li nd ri ca l bO3s on the top part of the cradle by a cylinder clamp lock.

Fla ttened places on the pu ll rod bushings matching up with s imilar ones

on the shoulder prevent the recuperator cylinder from ro ta ti ng.

The pis ton consist s of a head of special watertight bronze

screwed on a stee l ro d. Ihe front pa rt of the rod is f i t ted with a bronze

casing and sl id es in a bearing in the plunge:.*- I ts threaded end beyond

the casing is f it te d with a nut and washer lim iting in the rear , the di s

placement of the piston with respect to th e plu nger. Tallowed flax pack

ing held by a bronze ring, and piston washer held aga inst t h is ring by

a follower make a ti ght jo int between the piston and cylinder l in e r , A

spring held in place by a nu t, pinned to the rod, p resses the f ollower

to the rear against the piston washer %

The joint between the piston rod and plunger is similar to that

between the plunger and the cylinder, liner*

The space in fron t of the piston and in the plunger i s f il le d with

a solu tion of gly cerine and water, the same as in the re co il cy lin de rs .

This liq uid ac ts as a se al for the jo in t between the piston and the lin er ,

and a stop between pis ton and plunger at counter -recoil*

hi a i r valve body, f i tt ed with two needle valves, one for fi ll in g

and one for emptying! is screv/ed in the re ar end of the recuperator cylin lor

and connected by tubing to the ai r pipe connection on th e cradle* An cb;-. •.:.;*

:



-14

"feube runs from t h i s t o th e pressure gauge* hi opening in th-e pipe

connection is used to attach the coiled tube when charging the cylinder

with a i r . The opening i s closed with a plug when not in use*

At th e fron t end of th e recupe rator cylinder a liq uid valve

is bo lted and connected by copper tubing to the liq uid pipe connection

on the c ra d le . Another tube runs from th is t o the pre ssu re gauge and

a th ir d t o the liquid pump* Liquid is poured into the pump through

th e opening in the top and pumped through the tubing in to th e plu ng er.

The liq ui d pump i s fastened to a ste el pl ate support, to v/hich

is also fastened th e two pressure gauges. This support is bolted to th e

upper par t of the cra dle on the l ef t sid e•

The pump co nsists of a pump case , or rese rv oi r, fo r the so lu

tion of g lycerine and water, in the bottom of which is fixed the body

of the pump* This contains the in le t valve, the out let valve, and the /

re li ef valve, and the pump body n u t . A plunger operated by a leve r, crank,

and link, with bearings in the cover and body nu t, operate in the pump

body# (see Plate X)*

The re li e f valve screwed in th e top of t he pump body has a valve

stem, r el ief spring, and cap» The re li ef spring is designed to allow the

li quid to blow off at from 2200 to 2500 lb s* qpad insu re s no dan&ge to th e

pump from excess back pressu res* This sp ring should never be tampered

with $e t-% is adjusted by the manufacturer and te st ed to function a t the

proper pressure * If t he liqu id pump f a i l s t o function and the re is

p rac ti ca ll y no re si st an ce offered when the pump lev er is operated, i t nhov/s

th a t there i s a back pre ssu re of a i r in the mechanism* To overcome th is

disconnect the l iq uid pipe where it join s the three way connoction on the



-15

of t h e cradle , and operate th e lever for a $ew s t rokes unt i l l iquid

begins t o flow* Reconnect t h e l iquid pipe t o t he th ree way connection

and pump liquid into t h e recuperator plunger unti l t h e pis ton rod washer

jus t c lears t h e rear gland *

SECTION D - ELEVATING MECHANISM

Refer t o Pirate XI and X JI.

For l i s t of pstrts with their piece marks and th e mater ia l of

which they a re made, see page*

The elevating mechanism consists of an elevating rack, at tached

to r ight s ide of the cr ad le , meshing with a pinion, which i s operated by

a handwheel through spur gears. The spur gearing i s supported by th e

gear p la te and side frame provided -with bronze bushings* A band brake

with foot co ntr ol i s provided t o prevent any movement of the t ipp ing par t s

when the gun is f i r e d . One tu rn of the handwheel clockwise elevates th e

gun 1*92 degrees .

Refer to Pla te "XXII

For li s t of pa rt s with the ir piece marks and the mater ial of

which they are made, see pagei

The traversing mechanism consists of a ci rc ul ar rack fastened t o

the base ring and meshing with a pinion, •which :1s operated by a handwheel

through a worm and worm wheel* The pinion* meshing with t h e rack, i s keyed

t o t h e lower end of the ve rt ic al tra ve rs in g shaft* Tnis shafct has i t s

lower bearing in the traversing shaft bracket, ^jhich i s bol ted to the

race r , and i t s upper bearing in the t r a v e r s in g ^ear case} which i~ bo.l-f-oa

t o t h e l e ft sid e frame* The worm whe 3i, keyed so bhe upper, end cf tho zy-ui



•46

i s in mesh with the worm which i s keyed to the worm shaft* The worn

shaft has "both of i t s bearings in the gear case and a handwheel on one

end*iThe worm wheel, worm, and worm shaft are inclosed in the" gear case*.

1W gear case cover has a lug to take th,e leveling screw bearing pin of

the -sight.,

SECTION F r

Refer to Plate XXV.

For l i s t of pa rts with their piece marks and the material of

which they are made, see page

The an ti -f ri ct io n device is designed to rel ieve the load of the

tipping parts from the main trunnion and ease the elevating and depressing

of the gun* It donsists of tv/o small trunnions, bearing supports, adjust

ing screws, and Belleville springs» ; • '

The weight of the tipping partsr

is supported on the small

trunnions and transmitted to the Belleville springs by the bearing supports

and seats* The adjusting screv/s are tightened up unti l the crdldle trun^

i

n ions have a c l e a r a n c e in the s i i e f r ame bea r ings a t a l l p o i n t s * T h i s

makes t h e en t i r e e l eva t i ng l oad come on the smal l t runn ions and reduces

t h e handw heel loa d* When the Howitzer i s f i r e d the B e l l e v i l l e s p r i n g s a re

compressed and th e f i r ing load comes on the s ide f r ame bea r ings*

SECTION, G - AMMUNITION CRANE. f

R efer t o Plate XXVII,

F o r l i s t of p a r t s w i t h t h e i r p i e c e m a r k s and th e m a t e r i a l of

which they a r e made see page

Tv/o ammunition cranes a re b o l t e d to the r ea r co rne r s of tho

l o a d i n g p l a t f o r m for use 3a hois t ing ammuni t ion f rom t h e ground or am

m u n i t i o n t a b l e , to the l o a d i n g t r a y •2 &.•;>'



F or hp i s t ang t h e 700-pound p ro j e c t i l e , t he sho t t ongs should

be pdjined d i r e c t l y ' t o the open socket a t th e end of th e w i re- r ope * For

use wi th a he av ie r pr o je c t i l e an ex t ra sheave b lock v/ ith a craaae hook

attached-, , is pr ov ide d* The w ire rop e v/ith th e open soc ke t attach ed ^ may

be passed through the blockj by removing one of the plates , and pinning

t o t h e m a s t . Th e sho t ta ng s Should then b e plac ed on th e cran e hook*

These two arrangements are shown on plate XXVII#

A se ct i on through t he drum, gear ing and f r ic t i o n s rafe tyydevice^

i s shovai on p l a t e XXVII* The cra nk s may be re le a se d w ith th e loa d dji

any po s i t io n^ and by v i r tu e of th e f r ic t io n sa fe ty device , th e mechanism

w i l l no t ov erh aul* The pawl should at a l l t imes be le f t an mesh with th e

ra tc h e t* To in su re pro per fun ct io nin g , t h i s mechanism, should be kept

w el l l ub r i ca te d* She cranks and th e mechanism housed in th e drum br ac ke t

should-, under no ci rcumstances^ be d i sm ant led in th e f ie ld *

l M CAR PROPERj

Refer to P la te XVIII ,

For l i s t o f p a r t s v / ith th e i r p iec e marks and th e m at er ia l of ,


Ihe ca r p roper s e rves a s a t r a ns po r t f o r t he t r av e l ' s i ng p a r t s

of t he moun t, ou t r i gg er f l o a t s , fo o t p l a t e s and fo r t h e c r o s s t i e s and

b u i l t up H-beams of th e fou nda t ion pla tfor m* Ihen lowered on th e founda

t ion platform, , i t serves as an emplacement*

The c ar pr op er c o n s is ts of a drop frame ty pe of bqdy.j v/ith ends

b u i l t up of s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l p l a t e s an d s h ap e s v / i th , a c a s t s t e e l c e n t e r ,

mounted on tv/o s ix- w he el ra i lw ay t r u c k s* I t i s equipped with four screw

j a c k s , w hic h a r e us ed f i r s t t o r a i s e t h e c a r s u f f i c i e n t l y t o a l lo w t h s

g round ' p l a t f o rm to be p l aced in po s i t io n under i t , and then t o lower uho



-18

car u n ti l i t s weight re st s on the c ro ss tie s and through them to the

bu il t up H-beams which are spiked to the r a i l t i e s . There are also ffi

ou triggers which are set out against wooden floa ts sunk'in p it s and back-'

ed by eart h . The outriggers serve to keep the mount stat ionary during

f i r ing*

The over-all dimensions of the car body ends, which as stated

above, are bu ilt up of s tru ctu ra l s te el shapes and pl at es , are, length

12 fe et 7.5 inches, width 8 fe et, 5*5 inches . The underframe i s com

posed of two center s i l l s , four intermediate s i l l s , and four side s i lj s

connected to a base plate in the center of the car, which forms the lower

leve l of the car body* Ihese s i l l s are ti ed toge ther ^t each end by

channel and s i l l s , and cross braced by a body bols te r 5 feet* 9*5 inches

from each end* The floor p la te covering the si l l s cons ists of four st ee l

p la tes • A step and a hand hold or grab iron is provided at each corne r.

SECTION I - Trucks*

Refer to Plate XXXII*

For l i s t of par ts with th e ir piece marks and the m aterial of

which they ar e made,, see page

The truc ks , of which th er e are two, are of b u il t up type, the

frame being made up of p la te s and s te e l ca st in gs. The cente r portion of

the frame is a steel casting forming a bolster and is riveted to the side

p ie ces. Separate M»C»B« center pla te s are riveted to th e top of the,

bo ls te rs - Side bearings, consisting of ste el plate s held in position by

cast recesse s, are placed on ,45-inch centers* The vert ic a l distance from

the side bearing surface to the center pla te ie 2*75 inches. Steel

ings are riveted to the side^plates which fern the pedestals.



-19

Th e j ou rn al s a r e st anda rd M.C.B., &£ x 10", and 28-inch whe&ls

of ro l le d st ee l are ' presse d on the ax le s.

The loading on the tru ck s r s tra ns mit ted t o the jou rn als by

)

se mi -e l l i pt i c springs and equal izers # The eq ua liz er s bear on th e jou rn al

boxes and t h e i r out er ends ar e supp orted by co il sp rin gs hel d dn pla ce by

the pedesta l cast ing s*

In si de hung brakes a re ap pli ed on four wheels o f each tr uc k*

The brake beams ar e M*C»B* No. 4, t ru s sed type , with shoes keyed t o heads .

The beams ar e hung from br ac ke ts c ast on th e tr uc k fram es. Separa te cas t

s t e e l lugs are riv eted on both sides of th e bo ls te r for connecting the

dead le ve r guides on one si de and th e l i ve leve r guides on the1, o ther .

J -VBRAKESJL

Refer to P la te s XIX, XX, XXI, XXII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI, XXXIII.

For Li st of pa r ts v/ith t h e i r pie ce narks and th e materials/of

which they are rcade, see page

The car is equipped v/ith both hand and airbrakes operated by^the

same system of l ev er s and so arranged th a t e it h e r can be ap pl ied independ

en tly * I t i s nece ssary to apply the handbrakes at each end se pa ra te ly .

The ai rb ra ke s ar e connected by th e tr a i n l i n e pip e and opera ted sim

ul ta ne ou sl y. Detached brake cyl inde rs and re se rv oi rs , Westinghouse type

D, 10 x 12", {See p l a t e s XXIX and XXX) a re pr ovide d with K-2 t r i p l e valves

(See pl at e XXXIII)» There is als o a ce nt ri fu ga l d ir t co ll e ct o r (See pl at e

XXXI) and th e ne ce ssa ry pi pe s, valves and conne ctions fo r fr e ig h t car

equipment.

P l a te s XIX and XX show th e arrangemen t of br ake pa r t s a t e it he r

end of th e mount. From th es e pla te s i t w i l l be seen th a t th e handbrakes

2317&



- 2 0

can be applied without disturbing the piston in the brake-cylinder

the piston rod being made up of tubing in which the cylinder push rod

s l i d e s . It will be fur the r noted that the handbrake staff is connected

to a ho riz on tal lever by means of a pull rod and chain* The ho rizon tal

lever is connected to the brake cylinder on one end and;to the t ruck

li ve lever on the other end by means of rods and levers*

The reservoirs are equipped with a valve operated by a rod

which can be pulled to release the ai r brakes quickly when desi red.

Ihe t r ip l e valve governs the flow of ai r, allowing ai r to pass

from the tra in lin e in to the reservo ir and from the reservo ir to the

cy lind er s. liVhen pressure in the train line is reduced, the t r i p le valve

admits a i r from the reserv oir into the cylinder, and when pressure in.: the

train line is again raised, the triple valve closes the passage of air

from the reservoir to th e cylinder, and at the same time allows the ai r

in the cylinder to escape into the atmosphere* This automatically re

leases the brakes* The reservoir is again recharged from the tr ai n lin e

to the required pre ss ure . These operations are effected by opening or

closing of po rts in the tr ip le valve by variatio ns in the air pressure*

A d ir t co lle cto r, located between the tr ip le valve and the tr ain

lin e co llect s d irt from the ai r before i t passes into the t r i p l e va lve.

The d ir t thus collected may be blown out of the dir t co llec to r by open

ing a valve at its bottom*

_SEC_TION K - DRAFT GEAR AND FRTiNCH COUPLERS,

(a) Draft Gear. Refer t o p l a t e XXXVII.

For l i s t of parts v/ith their piece marks and th e mater i a l of

which they a r e made, see page •

2317$



- 2 1

The dra ft gear i s known as th e Westinghou.se friction Type*

The V-'estinghouse fr ic t ion par ts a re enclosed in a drum which is so applied

between cas t s te e l draf t lugs to rece ive the buffing and pu llin g shocks*

The coupler is Gould Coupler Company's pattern Z-201,

(b) To Couple the Car*

One man-required*

Tools needed, none*

Car pusher can be used if locomotive is not

available *

(1) Set the handbrakes on car enough to keep-it from moving eas il y

when bumped.

(2) Gpen th e knuckle on car by l i f t in g th e handle of the uncoupling

lever* This movement wil l f i r s t unlock the knuckle so i t can be pu lled

open, but continuing the movement of uncoupling lever will throw the

knuckle open without the nec ess it y of going in fron t of or between t he

ca rs . "When th e knuckle of ei ther car i s open, i t i s only necessary to

"Erring th e cars toge th er u n ti l th e open knuckle closes, aftd i t wil l l©ck

au t orcat ic al 1 y . *

(c) To uncouple car*

( l ) Raise the uncoupling lever on one car enough to re lease the

knuckle and th e cars may be pu lle d ap a r t .

(d) French Coupler. - Refer to P lates XXXV and XXXVI.

For l i s t of par ts wiflith eir piece marks and the mater ial of

which they ar e made see page •

The bumper blOGks are of white oak, each secured to the end s i l

channels by six 1-inch diameter and two 1,5-inch diameter bo lt s* To

these blocks, the buf fers , safety chains and pa rts of the dra ft hooks are

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/Westinghou.se

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/Westinghou.se



f a s te n e d as shovai on P l a t e XXXV.

The "screw co up le rs , safety, ch ain s and bu ffe rs conform to th e

sta nd ar d now adopted for U.S . Government fr ei gh t cars in Fran ce , With

t h i s a rrangem ent and when th e car i s connected to the ammunit ion ca r

or some othe r ca r , th e co uple rs draw them to ge th er , produ cing compression

i n t h e b u f f e r s p r i n g s .

At each end of the car th er e are two di ff er en t typ es of bu ffe rs ,

one wi th a f la t buff ing surfa ce and th e o ther wi th a curved su rf ac e .

S im i lar bu ffer s are loca ted d iago na l ly op pos i te on the ca r in order th at

when th e cars ar e coupled tog eth er , th e f l a t bu ffer of one car w i l l b u t t

ag ai ns t the curved buf fer of the ne xt c a r . This i s done to prevent

damage to buffers when t rain is rounding a curve*

The buffrer hou sing , which co nt ai ns th e compression sp rin g and

a c ts as a guide for t he buff er , i s b o l ted t o th e bumper b loc k by four

b o l t s •., A bu ffe r p la te however, i s plac ed between th e buffe r h ousing and

th e bumper b loc k to g ive a b e t t e r bea r ing s ur fa ce . The la rg e end of th e

sp r ing r e fe r re d t o above re s t s aga in s t a c i r c u l a r p l a t e and t he small end

ag ai ns t the bu ffe r . In orde r to prev ent th e spr ing f rom pushing these

tv/o a pa rt , a 1*875-inch diam eter pin is p rovid ed which has a head at one

end am.dl a t th e oth er end a key p ro je ct in g through th e pin and a co l la r«

The above mentioned c i r c u la r p la te s e t s up in to th e buffe r hous ing fq r

enough t o al low cle ar an ce between th e bumper blo ck and th e buf fe r p la te

f o r t h e c o l l a r and key, but i t i s prev en ted from being pushed back by a

c a s t s t e e l r i n g b o l t e d t o t h e b u f f e r p l a t e .

The dr af t hook pr o j ec t s th roug h th e bumper b lock , end s i l l , and

cas t s t e e l d ra f t sp r in g s t op , t o a cas t s t e e l b lock wh ich i s he ld t o i t by

a nu t and s p l i t p in* This l a t t e r b lock i s gu ided by lugs on th e c en ter

23175



s&ll and takes the thrust: of the compression spring which is seated

at i t s large end on tho draft spring stop riveted.to the center sill

of car* The draft hook is a lso guided "by another cast s te e l "block rest

ing against the1draf t hook pl ate and bo lted to a bumper block. The

shoulders of the draf t hook butt up- aga inst th is block when re leased,

thus stopping its inward motion.

The screw coupling is fastened by a pin, v/ith cott er , to a

ho le in the draw hook* I t cons ists of the yoke attached to the draw

hook, a clev is for hooking to the next car, and a right and le ft hand

screw to draw the yokes and clevi s together • Attached to the middle

of th e screw is an arm with a ba ll at the end which is used as a handle

to operate the screw. The righ t hand threads on one side of th is handle

screws through a pin holding the y6kes toge ther . The le ft hand threads

on the other side of the handle screw through a similar pin connected to

the c lev i s . These pins are held in place by co tte r p in s. A screv/ coupl

ing is provided at each end of the car, but when th e tr a in is made -up,

only one coupling is used at each connection* Mien not in use, the loose

end of t he coupling i s swung on a hook attached to the draft hook pla te

under the bumper blocks*

Safety chains, one on ei ther sid e ox the dra ft hook, serve as a

coupling in case the screw coupling or draw hooks are out of order* These

cons ist each of a chain and hook fas tened to car by an eye bo lt* The eye

bolt ; passes through the bumper block and end s i l l , and are held in place

by nuts with a sp li t p in . To allow a l i t t l e give to th e chain, four spring

washers are inser ted between the end s i l channel and the nut» A cas t

steel guide bolted to the 'bumper block acts as a stop and guide for the

23176

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/riveted.to

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/riveted.to



eye bo lt s and chain*

(e) To Couple Cars . Refer to Plat e XXXVI«

One man required.Tools needed^ none*

Car pusher can "be us 3d if- locomotive is not available*

(1) Set hand brako on st at io na ry ca r (not completely, but enough

so th at car wil l move only sl ig htl y?i f bumped), and bring the cars as

clc-Sff together as buffers will allow*

(2) St&ndlig "LeUv/een cars, i nsi de of bu ffers, l i f t one of th e screw

couplings from the hook under bumper block and hook s ta ple on draft hook

of other car* (if th e stapl e does not reach the hook, the coupling w il l

have to be lengthened by turning the screw with handle*)

(3) Tighten screw un t i l there i s ju st enough compression in the

dr af t hook and buffer sprin gs to make car s r ide ea si ly * The screw can

be turned easily by raising the ball attached to end of handle in the

proper di rec tion u n ti l i t w il l f a l l by i t s own weight, th us completing

one turn* By repeating above opera tions, the required amount of turns

can be made*

(4) Hook th e sa fe ty chains of one car to th e chains of the other

car*

(5) Connect a i r hose and open angle cock*

(6) Release handb rake.

(f) To Uncouple Cars*

Reverse the process of coupling described above, taking care

th a t the screw coupling i s screwed a l l th e way out before the sta pl e i s

hung on the hook*

2317$



^ . JL .. ,- . .,JACKS

Refer to Plat© XXV.

' (a) For l i s t 03? p a r ts v/ i th t h e i r pi ec e marks and th'e m at er ia l of


Four b u i l t in j ack screws are loc ate d in th e corners of t he

base p l a t e , d i r e c t l y above t he r a i l s of a s t andard gauge t r ac k .

Each jack consis ts of a ram, screw, nut r screw gear , p in ion ,

p in ion s t ud , r a t ch e t pawl, r a t ch e t hous ing and l e ve r .

The rain c a r r ie s a nu t in to which th e screw works* On th e u pper

end of th e screw i s a screw, ge ar meshing with a pinion on th e pini on s t u d .

A ra tc he t meshing v /i th the p in ion i s tu r ned by a ra tch et pawl a t ta ch ed to

the ra tchet hous ing , which in turn i s • operated by a long hand lever .

There ar e two jack blo ck s, 9 inche s wide, 8 inches high and 5

fe et 6 inch es long , provided v /i th each c a r . These b locks p laced a cro ss

th e r a i l s ac t as bea r ings for the jacks» In order to ra i s e th e car , the

j ack b locks a re p l aced ac ro s s t he r a i l s s o - tha t t he two j acksc rews a t

each end w il l r e s t upon them .

Four 20- inch , 25- ton a u xi l i a ry jacks having a t o t a l r i s e of 9

inc he s, are ca rr ie d on each rai lwa y car and weight-approximately 95 pounds

ea[ch* They can be used f o r emergency pur po ses or in case th e re g u la r

jacks are out of order

(b) To r a is e mount with screw jac ks , ref er to p la te XXV.

Two men re qu ire d on each se t of jack s (fo ur i f bo thends of car are to be raised:)

Tools needed*4 Jack l ev er s •

2317 6



(1) Place jack "blocks across ra i l s under jacksf The faces

of the block with the bearing surfaces should be next to the ra i l and

jack screws.

(2) Turn jack lever until ends of jack screw bear on the jack

blocking . Be sure the jack blocking is correctly placed so as to give

good bearing- 011 rails and continue turning levers unti l car is high

enough to permit the foundation st ring er to be placed under the base

plate, then put isu the foundation cross beams*

(c) To Lower Car. Refer to p la te XXV.

Reverse procedure as outlined in (b) above.

(d) To Raise mount with auxiliary jacks. Refer to plate XXV.

Two men required .Tools needed:

4 Auxiliary Jacks.

4 Wood blocks about 4 x 4 x 4

(l) Arrange blocking di rect ly under sea ts of t i e rod bracket

castings . The top of th is blocking should be about 9 inches below the top

of the rail in order to get the jacks under the mount.

(2) Place au xi liary jacks on these blocks; arrange pawl so that

jack wil l ra is e when handle is lowered; inse rt handle in socket and rai se

by pumping unti l jack engages with lower surface of base p la te . Operate

jacks unt il mount is raised suffic ient to place foundation*

(3) Remove jacks after foundation is placed*

jBCTION M - F0I3N DATION

( a) D e s c r i p t i o n . R efer t o Plate XXIV.

The foundat ion i s i n t e n d e d to t a k e the l oad off the car

t r u c k s and t r a n s f e r i t d i r e c t l y to the ground t h rough r a i l t i e s *

23176



- 2 7

I t i s nade up of f ou r cr os s beams which support th e s i d e,

i n t e r m ed ia t e and cen t e r s i l l s of t h e ca r , and which i n t u r n t r an sm i t t he

... to t'-70 l i n o s of H-b earns pla ced p a r a l le l t o and outs ide of th e r a i l s

on each si d e of th e tr a c k * Each li n e of beams i s composed of two se p ar a te

channel i r on s bol ted t o each o ther and Spiked wi th screw sp ike s to the

r a i l t i e s in ord er to prev ent movement*

The m ate r ia l fo r th e foundat ion p la t for m i s s tore d on ca r in

fr e n t of ammunit ion t r a y . On th e ca r th e H-beams ar e place d at r ig h t a ng les

to t he t r a c k . In t ack of t he beams, t he c r os s t i e s a re p l a ce d . These beans .

and c r o s s t i e s a re b locked in f ron t by t he ou t r i g ger b r ack e t s , i n back by

t h e l o a d i n g t r a y s and on th e s id es by th e ou t r ig ge rs* On top of th e c ro ss -

t i e s t he j ack b locks a re p l aced* These a re he ld i n p l ace by fas t e n in g t he

rope a t tached to them, to the loading t ray legs*

( b) To p l a c e f o r f i r i n g . - R efe r t o P l a t e XXIV.

men needed-

Too l s r equ i red :

3 - 2 x 4 " t imb ers about 3* long , fo r pa rry ing H-b earns *

1 - W rench, do ub le, 0.6 25 and 0«75, U43F.

The t r a c k at the lo ca t io n where th e gun is t o be plac ed sho uld be

p rev ious ly p r ep are d . The r a i l s shou ld be l eve l ed up and t h e b a l l a s t tamped

w e l l u nd er t h e t i e s .

(1) Remove found at ion jack block from ca r pla tfo rm and pl ac e acro ss

the r a i l s w i th cen t e r l i nes d i r ec t l y under t he s c rew j acks*

(2 ) Ra ise th e ca r by means of th e screw ja c k s . (See Sect* L Div is ion

b .

2317 6



- 2 8

(3) Remove foundqtion st r ingers from car platform, two to be

placed on either side of the track*

(4) Place the str in ge rs under the flange of the base pl at e as

near the r a il as pos sible and pa ra ll el t o the track with the ends of t he

st ri ng er s on e ith er side of the tra ck approximately opposite each othe r.

(5) Connect the str in ge rs at th e center by four *75 x 1*375

bol ts •

(6) Remove th e cross beans from the car platform*

(7) Flace the cross beams under the side s il lsr

of the car, rest

ing on the foundation st ring er e

(8) Lower the car by means of the screw jacks un t i l the center

portio n of the base plaite re st s on the foundation s tr in ge rs and the ends

of th e side, intermediate and cen ter s i l l s rest on the cross beams*

(9) Screw up jacks un ti l they cl ea r blocking by at le as t one half

inch before firing*

(c ) To Disassemble foundation and load for carrying*.

8 men required*Tools neededs

1 wrench, double »625 and .75, U43F2 Track wrenches, 4712C1 Crowbar, 1243A*

To disassemble, rev erse procedure ou tlined in (b) above*

To load the mater ia l on car platforms for carrying , proceed as follows;

(1) Place cr os st ie s on car platform against ammunition ta b le t

The ends of the crossties should be perpendicular to the tracks,

(2) Place H~beams with webs ve rt ic a l next to c ross ti e s .

(3) Place jack blocks on c ro ss ti es and lash to legs of ammunition

table*23170



SECTION N* - OUTRIGGERS.

' ( a ) De sc r ip t i on R efe r t o P l a t e XXIII •

For l i s t of p a rt s v/ ith th e ir pi ec e marks and the mat ©ria l of

which they are made see page

There are eight outriggers furnished with e^ch mount which

form braces to prevent the mount from t ipping over or from sl iding on

th e found at ion -p la t form when th e gun. i s r be in g f i r e d .

The fou r end ou tr ig ge rs , which ar e faste ne d, both when and

when no t in use, to a soc ke t on th e si d e of th e ca r, shou ld be used ^i en

th e gun i s f i r ed v /i th in the se cto r , 45 degrees to th e r ig h t or to the

l e f t of the lon gi tu di na l ce nt er l i n e of the car* They ar e each rnade up

of 6- inc h h o t drawn. Shelby s t e e l tu bi ng v /ith an a d ju st in g scifcew on one

end and an eye and pin on th e oth er* The ad ju st in g screw has a b a l l on

th e end and can be screv/ed in or out of th e nu t s t r u t end w ith a s t e e l

rod , which f i t s in to ho les provided , ne xt to the b a l l . The f ixed end of

th e o ut r ig ge r re s t s in a , ;socket ca s t in g on th e car s id e and the b al l of

t h e a d j u s t i n g s c r e w s c r e s t s i n t h e f o o t p l a t e u se d t o d i s t r i b u t e t h e lo a d

ove r th e wooden f l o a t . From the nu t s t r u t end to a bra ck et on th e ca r,

d i r e c t l y below the ou t r i g ge r b racke t , i s a t i e rod* As t he ce n t e r l i n e of

th e ou t r i gg er s t r u t does not pass through the t run nion s of th e gun , th er e

is an ov ertu rni ng tenden cy when th e gun is f i re d normal to t ra ck * The

purpose of t he t i e rod i s t o co un t e ra c t t h i s t endency*

The four s i de o ut r ig ge rs , which ar e a l so fas ten ed to a socket

on th e s id e of th e ca r , should be used when th e gun is f i r e d w ith in th e

se c t o r 45 deg rees t o t he r i g h t o r l e f t of a c ro s s cen t e r l i n e of t he c a r .

23176



They ar 4 the same in every respect as the end o ut rigg er s.

The fo otp lat es are of cas t s te e l and are used to transmi t the

th ru st from the s tr u ts to the f l o a t s . Their lower surfaces are smooth

and the upper par ts have sockets to receive the ba ll ends of the st ru ts *

Each fl oat is b u i l t up of two laye rs of Mocking so as to d is

t r ib u te the ioad from the s t ru t over 20 square feet of ground su rface.

The lower layer is composed of fin e white oak blocks and th e upper laye r

of thr ee blocks, a l l b olted togetlis3?» There are two angle guides bolted

to the upper surface of the floats for guiding the foot plates.

Mien not in use, th e flo at s and foo tplate s are placed on the

car platform* The fl oa ts are piled in an inclined posi tion again st the

ammunition trough in the r ea r of the ca r. The fo otplates .are pil ed on

the front platform of the ca r qgnd lean agains t the ammunition t a b l e .

The fl oa t lashingi for holding the flo ats in po sit ion (See

Pla te XXVl) while in tr a n s i t , i s composed of five wire ropes fas tened t o

ge ther by s te e l rings and tu rnbu ck les . When the flo at s a re loaded in

tr av el in g pos itio n, two of the wire ropes, held together by a turnbuckle,

ar e passed around the lower pa rt of the f lo a ts and secured to th e am

munition ta b le by s te e l rin gs* At the upper pa rt of the flo at two more

wire ropes are passed around, a lso held toge the r by turnb uckles, and se

cured to the ananunition ta b le by s te e l r in g s . The upper lash ing is held

in place by the angles on the sides and by another wire rope in the rear

fastened to the pla tfor m. Turning the turnbuckles tigh ten s the ropes and

holds the fl oa ts in place*

The foo tpl ate lashing for holding the foot pla te s in po sitio n

v/hile in t r a n s i t i s composed Of one wire rope with a hook on one end and

23176



- 3 1

a tu m bu ck le on the o t he r . Ill/hen the p la te s a re loaded in t r av e l in g p os i

t ion, the rope is fas tened to the lower angle of the ammuni t ion table and

run d ia go na l ly a long the foo t p l a te s , f rom the bo ttom re ar to tf re top f ron t*

Ihey a r e p reve n ted f rom s l i d i ng fo rward by an-a ng le a t the f r o n t . Turn ing

t h e t u rn b u c k l e t i g h t en s t h e ro p e and h o l d s t h e p l a t e s i n p l a c e .

The s t ru t s and end t i e rods a re f ixed permanen t ly to the socke t s

on th e mount and vdien n o t in use a r e swung arou nd and hung on t h e s id e of

th e mount • The ce nt er t i e rods ar e taken off and pla ced on top of th e

load ing p la t fo rm in back of the f ron t ammunition t a b l e .

(b ) To Place an End O ut r igger fo r F i r in g .

Six men required*

Tools needed;

2 - 2» x 6 . inch boards ', 8 f t . lo ng .1 - s l in g of rope about 30 f t . long*2 - Sh ov els, 8819A2 - Picks, U51A1 - Long ha nd led sho vel1 - Axe, U51D1 .- 0 .875 d iameter x 24" rod to tu rn s t r u t ad jus t ing screw

1 - Crowbar, 1243A1 - Hammer, U48F1 - 2 x 4 tim be r, abo ut 5* lo ng , f^rtft'atepiftg earth1 - Rule1,- Tape measure4 - Stak es

1 - 1 x 2 b o ar d, e x a c t l y 90 i n ch e s l o n g .

(1) Move t i e if nec ess 'a ry and la y off oblong on ground 60" x 35 ",

so th a t one co rn er of th e long sid e i s 56" from ce nt er of mount, and 28"

f rom cen ter l in e of t r uc ks and the o t he r co rn er w i l l be 108" from ce n ter

l i n e of mount and 68" from cen ter l i n e of t ru ck s*

(2) Dig a. V shaped p±b u n t i l s id e s meet a t a depth of 90" from top

o f ca r p l a t fo rm.

23176



(3) Loosen up turn bu st le of foo tp la te lashing^ and remove a l l foot

plates from platform and place them on ground in a convenient place.

(/-) Uohooi: f lo a t lashin g and throw to one sid e away from f l o a t s .

Fasten s li ng around upper f l o a t . Slid e i t dov/n skids to ground and pla ce

i t in p i t with i t s under surface rest ing on rear or sloping par t of p i t ,

and with angles s t i l l h ori zo nta l.

(5) Place a foot pl at e vdth i t s under surface bearing in the cen ter

and between! angles on the f l o a t .

(D) Li ft ou trigger s t ru t out of car rying bracket and swing i t arround

on the socket casting and turn adjusting screw up in the strut so as to

isike i t as short .as pos sibl e* If i t is di ff ic ul t t o turn the ad justing

screw, th e *875 inch diameter rod should be used which f i t s in the holes

next to the bal l-end * Swing end of ou trig ger around un ti l the ba ll is

ri gh t over socket of foot pla te and tu rn adju sting screw out un ti l the b al l

bea rs agains t socket and causes compression in th e s tr u t*

(7) Remove t i e roduf rom car and fas ten to .s tr ut • Turn th e t u m

buckle until rod is tight.

(8) P il e earth aga ins t the pa rt of under surface of fl oa t which

pro je ct s above the ground level , tamping well to give a good bearing for

the whole under surface of fl oat *

(c) To Place a side Outrigger for Firing* Refer to Pla te XXIII*

Six men required*

Tools needed:

Same as f or (b) above.

( l ) Lay off oblong on ground 60" x 55^ so th at one oorner of the

long sid e i s IQO.fl from cent er l ine of mount and 128" back from ce nte r l in e

23176



- 3 3

of t rucks, and th e o ther end :Ls 155" from cen ter l in e of mount and 128"

back from cente r l ine of truck s*

(2) Dig a V shaped p i t unti l side s meet in the center of the p it at

a dis tan ce of 90" from the top of car platform*

(3) Place fl oats and foot pla te s in th e same manner as for end out

riggers .

(4) Swing outrigger from mount, and turn ad jus ting screw out unti l

the "ball end bears against s/Ocket and causes compression in the strut*

(5) Remove center ti e rods from ca r platform and connect to t i e rod

stud s, ^.lowing rod to drop down to lugs on lower pa rt of outrig ger beam

and adjust turnbuckle until pin can be inserted in the holes in lugs,

(6) P il e earth ag££nst part of under surface of floa t which pro jec ts

above the ground level«. tamping well to give a good bearing for the v/hole

surface of float•

(7) Remove remaining f loa ts , if there are any, from end car p la t

form and place them in a convenient place out of the my*

(d) Tos Adjust Screw on Outriggers* Refer to Pla te XXIII*

Qne man required.

Tools needed:

•875 diameter by 24-inch rods, 106B

After the gun has been fired i may be |ound th at the outr igge rs

have packed the earth under the floa t and th at the s tr u ts do not bear

firmly against the foot pl at es* After every fi ri ng , the adjusting screws

should be turned out if necessa ry, in ordefr to make firm bearing* As

sta te d above, the adjus ting screw should be turned out by means of the

•875-inch rods which f i t in holes next to th e ba ll end of the st ru t*

23176



• - 3 4

(&) To Adjust F lo a ts . Refer to Pl at e XXIII,

Four men required.

Tools needed:

•875 diameter by 24-inch rod, 106B

1 Crowbar, 1243A

If the movement of earth under the floats continues, as the

fi ri n g goes, on un ti l th e adju sting screws have reached the ir outward lim it,

earth or blocking wil l have to be placed under the flo at to give a new ,

bearing surface« To do th i s , proceed as follow s:

(1) Turn adjusting screw up in the s t ru ts as irar as i t w ill go.

(2) With crowLars, move th e foot pla te s and floats up tovyard the

car keeping th e i r inc lination the same as before*

(3) Hold the flo ats in th is pos ition by means of wedges and f i l l in

the back of fl oats with earth or blocks un ti l the whole under surface of

the floats have a firm bearing*

(4) Turn adjus ting screw out again to give compression in the s tr u t*

I t may be necessary al so to adjust the length of t i e rod on side outr igge rs

which can be done by turning turn buckle.

(f ) To Pla.ce Had Outrigger s t ru t for Carry ing . Refer to Pla te XXIII

Four men required*

Tools needed:

0*875 diameter by 24-inch rods 106BHammer, U48F.

(1) Remove pin with sp l i t pin holding end t i e rod to outr igge r

s t r u t , swing t i e rod around and hang i t on bracket on side of the mount.

(2) Turn ad just ing screv; up on the st ru t as fa r as i t va il go .

Swing fr ee end of s t ru t around and han& i t on bracket on sid e of mount.

23176



- 3 5

( g ) To P l a c e Sid© O u t r i g g e r f o r C a r r y i n g . R e fe r t o P l a t e X X I II -

Four men requi red .

Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U48F-875-inch by 24-inoh rod, 106B

(1) ' Remove p in connect ing s id e t i e rod to o ut r ig ge r s t r u t ; remove

t i e rod from bracke t and p lac e on ca r p la t fo rm , (see P l a t e XX III )•

(2) Turn ad ju st in g screw of s t r u t up as fa r as i t w il l go-, thu s

a l l owing s t r u t t o swing f r ee of foo t p l a t e

(3 ) L i f t f r e e end. of s t r u t and swing around on t o top of bas e

p l a t e i n s ide o f ou t r i gger suppor t*

(h) To P lac e F lo ats and Foot p la te s for car ry in g* - Refer to

P la te XXVI.

S ix men requi red .

T o o ls n e ed e d :1 s l ing of 1-inch rope about 30 f t . long1 wrench, double, 0*625 and 0»75, U43F1 pinch bar

i crowbar, 1243A

(1) Lay foo t p la te s to one s i de , ra .i se f i r s t f l o a t wi th crowbar

and then s l id e f lo a t up sk ids on to re ar p la t fo rm of car* P lac e f lo at

v/ i th long s i d e ag ai ns t ammunit ion t ro ug h, and ang le s id e out , ang les benjig

v e r t i c a l . (S ee P l a t e XXVI)

(2) P la ce second i l o a t as above vwith the under surface of same

r e s t i n g a g a i n s t t h e a n g l e s of t h e f i r s t f l o a t •

(3) Cont inue loadin g f lo a t s as in (2) u n t i l th e la s t one has been

pl ac ed on th e mount*

(4 ) Las t f l o a t s t og e th e r a s de sc r ibe d i n ( a )»

23176



- 3 6

(5) P la ce foot p la te on le f t f ron t of car in inc l in ed po s i t io n

res t ing agains t ammuni t ion tab le*

(6) Cont inue loadin g remain ing foo t p la te s &a in (5) u n t i l th e

l a s t one ha s been pla ce d on th e mount*

( 7 ) Laah f oo t p l a t e s t o g e th e r a s d e s c ri b e d i n ( a ) .

SECTION 0- - AMMUNITION HANDLING

Re fer to P la te s XV and XXVII

A t r i p l e x block lowers the ammunit ion from th e ammunit ion c ar , in

. the rear of the mount , to the ammunit ion t rough bol ted to the platform of

the Howi tzer c a r . The upper surfa ce of the t r a y i s b u i l t on an in cl in e

do th at the ammunition can be s l id on to a t a b l e . This t a b le w i l l ho ld

seven p r o j e c t i l e s . The cran e (See Sect* G ) h o is t s the ammunition from

the t ab l e t o t h e l oad ing t r a y on t he t r a ve r s ing p a r t of t he moun t. &a i n

c l i n e t rou gh ex tends from t h i s t r a y to tike breec h of the Ho witze r- Two

men then push th e pr o je c t i l e down th e inc l in ed su rfac e in to th e breech of

t h e h o w i t z e r ,

...ggCTION P.V ,.r. MUZZLE SUPPORT

( a ) D e s c r i p t io n . R efe r t o P l a t e s I and I I *

For l i s t of pa r t s wi th th e i r p ie ce marks , and th e m ate r ia l of


The gun when tr a v e li n g , i s he ld f irm ly t o th e mount by a muzzle

su pp or t and band* The muzzle of t he gun re s t s on th e muzzle sup port which

in tu m is s upp orted by th e ammunition t rou gh * A wire rope is passed over

th e muzzle and to th e ammunition tro ug h by a band la tc h and h in g e . On

one end of the v/i re rope a s tu d is fas te ne d in an open s o c k e t . This s tu d

f i t s in a ho le in th e band la t ch and has a nu t on i t * By t ig h t en in g th i s

23176



«-37

nut t he rope ho lds t he muzzle- of the gun on th e muzzle b lo ck ,

(b) To Place Muzzle Support*

One man required*

Tools needed:

1 - 7-inch pl ie rs

1 - wrench, double, 0.375 and 1 , , U4-3G

( l ) Depress gun to 0 degrees ele va tio n and tr av er se to 0 degrees

azimuth, having muzzle support block in place*

(3) Plac e gun band over muzzle of gun and fa st en to band hinge on

One side and band .labrh stud on other side*

(3) Screw up nu t on band la tc h st ud un t i l band is t i g h t on muzzle

of gun*

SECTION Q_»_ - CHESTS,...

One too l c he st and two armament chests ar e c arr ie d with each mount-

They ar e made of .062-inch s t e e l , rei nforced by angle s on th e o ut si de • The

pl at es are flanged at the corners to connect to adjacent p l a t e s . Two f l a t

st ra ps riv ete d to the bottom by countersunk ri ve ts serv e to pro tec t the

bottom of the chest.

The covers are hinged to the back of the chests and have catches

On e i th e r side to hol d them open# The coders ar e locked by a lock bol t

a t each side and by Yale lock in the middle* The ch es ts a re equipped with

hand les on each end .

The tool chest is 4C-inches long, 20-inches wide and 24-inches

h i g h . I t is equipped v/ith one t r ay which r e s ts on shelf ang les* This ches t

i s ca rr ie d on th e ri gh t end plat for m of th e mount alo ngsid e of the loa din g

trough when t r a v e li n g . Lug angles bolt ed to. the floo r pl at es prevent i t

from shifting*

23175

The armament ch es ts ar e 4G~inches lon g, 20- inches wide and 12

in ch es high*. They ar e equipped with two tr ay s pla ced on top of each

„•* -\r<A. sup por ted on tn e chest bottom*

•When th e mcunt is tr av el in g, th es e ch est s a re pla ced on th e fr on t

of t he ca r pl at fo rm ju s t in "back of th e ammunition t a b l e . They ar e he ld

in t h i s posit ion with angles which are bol ted to the flo or p l a t e s .

The ch es ts should be removed from mount when in f i r i n g posi ti on ,

and placed in some convenient place.

(a) Desc ripti on. Refer to Plate XXXIV.

The mount may be camouflaged, us ing th e f iv e c olo r system

fo llow in g th e fo li ag e desig n, v/ith co lor key in bl ac k and whi te shown on

P la t e XXXIV.

The object of this method of painting is to break up the l&rge

su rf ac es in to a number of small se ct io ns so as to produce th e appearance

of a c l u s te r of sh rubbery v/ith pa tch es of l i g h t and shadow.

To complet ely camouflage th e mount, i t should be covered with a

semi-transparent camou"1

lag© canopy of t e n t form s im il a r to th a t used fo r

tljre 12-in oh Gun Railway Carriage shown on drawings Class 85, Division 22,

Drawings 1, 2? and 3»

(b) Pa:).nts«

The p a in t s to be used ar e t he Q G ove rnm ent Camouflage Pa in ts

prepared for the five color sjrstem and in the proportion as follows:

ap pl ie d over a coat of Ordnance Grey and never on bare m et a l.

1

2

3

4

5

5

Brown

Yellow

Cream

Green

Mauve

Black

No* 4041

4C42

4043

4044

4046

4045

-10

3

5

10

2

1

p a r t s

"

"

"

••

° 23176



- 39

Th e paia t numbers referred to above are the U.S. Government

Paijit numbers. The par ts refer red to indica te the re la ti ve amounts of

pa in ts of the diff eren t colors which wil l be required to camouflage one

12-inch Howitzer Railway Mount.

Each color , for convenience, should be furnished for use in one

gallon "f ri ct io n top" cans with handle* Paints should be furnished in the

cans, mixed ready for use* Mien paint becomes too thick and i t is necessary

to thin , use ^linseed o il and turpentine for t ha t purpose, being careful

not to use too much turpentine*

(c) To Apply the Paint*

To apply the pa in t the surface should be free of a l l sand,

cind ers, d i r t and oil* Paint formerly applied and adhering firmly to the

surface need not be removed. The sect ion to which the dif feren t colors

are to be applied are then la id off in accordance with the design shown

on Pla te .

After the mount has been properly marked off in to the di fferen t

section s, the colors should be carefully applied, care being taken to in

sure an even smooth coatf After the dif fer en t colors have been applied

the lines where the colors meet should be covered with a black band about

one and one quarter inches wide. Rrecautions should be taken to see t ha t

the pain t is dry and hard before permitting anything to come in contact

with the painted surface*

(d) To Remove Paint.

The pa int may be removed by turpen tin e or by the use of a pa int

torch if care i s taken in the use of the flame.

£3 L7

- 4 0

MAINTM.ANCE OFJEHE,

SECTION A - ' Care of Recoil Mechanism.

(a) The re co il cylin der should be emptied and re fi ll ed once every

three months and thoroughly cleaned once every six months or ofterier if

conditions require i t

The liq uid ini'the re co il cy linder i s a solutio n of e§ual parts"

glycer ine and water- The density of th e liqui d should be 1.15 and should

have a ne ut ra l or al ka lin e rea ctio n, oaused by adding caus tic soda or

caustic potash, chemically pure, A hydrometer, which is kept in the ar

mament chest when'not in use, ' i s furnished to t e s t the so lution for density»

This liqu id should be f il t e red through a clean piece of muslin or linen

before using* Ihe glycer ine should be kept in closed cans, provided for

the purpose, and be carefu lly protec ted from d ir t, sand and g r i t . Liquid

drawn from cylinders and containing sediment must not be used again un ti l

i t has been allowed to s e t t l e fo r not le ss than 24 hours*

(b) To dismount re coil mechanism. Refer t o Plat e VII,

The dismounting of the recoil mechanism should never be undertaken

in the f i el d.

Four men required, one cylinder a t a ti me.

Tools needed?Wrench, double 0.625 and 0.75, U43FBucketsCanScrew driver, U45W >

Wrench, single* 4.25 nuts, U596DSpanner wrench, recoil cylinder follower,

<

U596AWrench, stu ff in g box and cylind er head, U596CWrench, recoil cylinders, U596B



(1) Elevate the Howitzer 5 degrees, remove drain plug and dra in

liquid from cylinder into buckets, 16.25 gallons in both cylinders*

(2) Remove looking screws from pi ston rod nuts and take off pi ston

"i'od nu ts , re ar*

(3) Remove a i r from recup erator by unscrewing emptying valve on

re ar end of recupe rator cy lin de r.

(4) Slide Howitzer back u n ti l the lug on the re co il band clea rs

the end of pis to n rod by about 6 inches and take off pis ton rod nu t, f ron t.

(5) Unscrew stuf fing box; draw i t off pis ton rod; remove follower,

gland, and packing, and screw follower and stu ff ing box back int o th e

cylinder *

(6) Remove cy lind er head, weight 174 pounds .

(7) Draw pi ston rod v/ith piston' out through cylinder head end of

cyl ind er* The weight of piston rod v/ith piston is approximately 392 pounds;

care should therefo re be used in handling i t»

(8) Unscrew re co il cy lin de r and sl id e cy linde r out* The cyl ind er

weighs 628 pounds.

(9) Stuffing box, follower and le ath er v/asher rr.ay be removed. Lock

ing screw need not be removed*

(c) To Assemble Recoil Mechanism* Refer to Pl at e VII •

The assembling of the recoil mechanism should never be under

taken in the field*

Four men required.

Tools needed:Wrench, recoil cirlinders, U596BScrew driv er, U45SWrench, recoil cylinders; U595BWrench, s tu ff in g box, and cyl inde r head* U596C



- 4 2

Wrench, single, 4»25 nuts , U595DScrew driver, U45WWrench, double, 0*625 and'0#75. U43FHand mallet. U47.AN •Brass rod 0*312 (5/16) diameter by 12 inches*.Glycerine and water so lution (e ither new or used)Hydrometer (if so lution i s new)Filling funnel.Can

6 rings of 0*375 inch Garlock packing* '

(1) In se rt reco il cylinder in cradle and push i t through unti l

threads on cy lin der come in contact with threads on cra.dle-* Turn cylinder •

with wrench on f l a t s at stu ffing "box end un ti l cy linder flange bears f in e

ly on cradle and,notch in flange a t s tuff ing box end lines up with hole

in cylinder for locking screw*

(2) Screw locking screw in crad le* ,

(3) In se rt pisto n rod in cylinder and place lea ther washer; stuffin g

box, washer; stuf fing box, with gland and follower in place , and piston

rod nut (front) on rod when i t is pushed through stuff ing box end of tcy

linder# Screw stu ffing box in place and p£sh pis ton rod to rear through

re coil band, advancing pisto n rod nut, un t il the distance from the end of

th e threaded end of rod to the re ar end of cylinder equals 24*375- - 0*01

inches * 1

(4) Look the front and rea r piston rod nuts*

(5) Pack th e stu ffing box as per instr uc tio ns erection A* div ision e*

(6) With le at her washer and re coil cyiinderhead bushing in place,

screw on cylinder head* v

(7) F il l cylin der v/ith the glyc erine and water solution, using f i l l

ing funnel prescribed as per instructions section A, division d*

(d) To F i l l ret oi l cylinders* Refer to Plate VII,



- 4 3

Two men required.

Tools needed:

Wrenchj double 0»625 and 0*75 U43FPilling Funnel*Glycerine and water solution (e ithe r new or used)

Hydrometer (if so lut ion i s new)

(1) Set Howitzer at 0 degree with reco il band ag ains t stops on

cradle and remove filling plugs*

(2) In3 ert fi l l i n g funnel &nd f i l l to overflowing with solution

of glycerine and wa ter . Allow escape of ai r, r e f i l l , remove funnel, and

screw fi ll in g plugs tigh t*

(e) To Pack Stuffing Box- Refer to Plate VII.

One man required.

Tools needed:

Spanner wrench, stuf fing box fo llow er- U596AHand mallet, U47AN

60 rings of 0.375-inch Garlock packing.Screw driver, U45W

Wrench, single, 4.25 nuts, U50DWrench, box. U423DBrass rod, 0*312 ( 5 /l 6) diameter by 12 inches*Can

Wrench, double 0*625 and 0*75 U43F

(1) Elevate Howitzer 5 degrees, remove drain plugs , and drain

liq ui d from cylinders to buckets, 16*25 gallons in both cy lin de rs . Elevate

Howitzer to 0 degree elevat ion*

(2) Allow a i r to escape from recuperato r cylin der by unscrewing

exhaust stem in valve rea r end of cy lin de r

(3) Remove locking screws from pi ston rod nu ts and take off pi ston

rod nu ts, rear*

(4) Slide Howitzer back u n t i l the lug 033 the re co il band clear s

the end of the p iston rod by about 6 inches and tak e off pis ton rod nu ts .

f ron t .



- 4 4

\5) Unscrew stuff ing box; draw i t off piston rodj remove fo llo wer

gu.and, and packing; screw stuf fing box back in to cylinder and discard

any of the packing th at is unfi t for u se . If any is used to repack, i t

should be put in a ft er new*

(6) To repack, put on the piston rod, one ring of the packing and

force i well to the bottom of the stu ff ing box by brass rod and mallet«

Treat each ring of packing in the same manner, be ing ,ca reful to break

joints , until th ree rings of new packing or an equal amount of new and

old packing have been in se rt ed . Enter the gland and follower in the box

and sore¥/ up tight.

(7) Screw pisto n rod nuts (fron t) on rods, sl id e Howitzer forward,

put pisto n rod nuts (rea r) on, and add locking screws*

(8) F il l rec oil cylinder as prescribed in section A. division (d)

(9) F il l recuperator cylinder with a ir as prescribed in-section B,

division (d)*

The add ition of the leathe r v/asher around the piston rod in f ront

of the stu ffin g box allows less force to tighten the follower than if i t

were the plain packing*

The follower should be tightened up from time to time. If i t is

screwed into the stu ffing box too tig h t ly , an unnecessary amount of f r i c

tion w il l be produced On the rod. Hi en th e follower is screwed 4n u nti l

th e flange s tr ik es the box, i should be repacked*

(f) To Clean Recoil Cy linders .

This operation should not b3 undertaken in the f i e ld .

Three men required.Tools needed:



Wrench} double, 0*525 and 0*75 ,U43FB u c k e t s .C a n ' •

Spanner wrench, recoil cylinder follower* U596AScrev/ driver, U45WWrench, single, 4.»25 nuts, U596D

Wrench, stuffing box and cylinder head. U596C

Plumbers hand force pump with hose*

(1) Elevate Howitzer 5 degrees, remove drain plugs, drain liquid

into buckets^ and elevate Howitzer to 0 degree*

(2) Remove locking screws frrom piston rod nut s' and take off piston

rod nuts, re ar ,

(3) Release followers a few tu rns, remove cylinder heads, weight

174 pounds each, apd draw out piston rods as prescribed in section A,

division (b)

(4) Thoroughly clean cylinders v/ith kerosene oil forced into both

ends with pump and wipe the interiors dry with clean, waste* Clean the

piston rod and cylinder heads.

(5) Replace piston rod cylinder heads and tighten follower. Screw

nuts in place on piston rod and lock*

SECTION B - Care of Recuperator.

(a) In genera l. Refer to pl at e VIII •

The recuperator cylinder and plunger should be emptied and re

f i l led onpe every three months and thoroughly cleaned once every six months,

or of tenor if conditions require it«

The liqu id in the plunger is the same as that in the reco il

cylinder* (See section A, division (a), second paragraph)

The i n i t i a l pressure of the air$ with Howitzer in lo ttery, should

be 1550 pounds per square inch and of the liquid 1700 pound? per equate

inch* The pressures are indicated by the pressure gauges, on the su^poi-:

2 b _ •'••



- 4 6

v/ith the pump. If the pres sure of the a ir i s not suff icie nt to re

turn the howitzer to ta tt dry at maximum elevation 60 degrees and if the

plunger is not fu ll of liq uid , pump glyce rine solutio n. into plunger un ti l

ei th er normal pressure or a fu ll plunger is obtained, provided tha t the

va riat ion from 1550 pounds per square inch is sm al l.

If t h is varia tion is .l a rg e , connect the compressed a i r tank and

rais e the pressu re in the a i r chamber* The amount of space between the

rear face-of tige washer, on th e fron t end of th e pis ton rod and the fro nt

face of the stuf fing b&x gland, in dicat es th e amount the piston,jhas moved

toward th e plunger, caused by leakage of the liquid* When th i s distance

equals approximately 5.875 inches, the piston is resting against the plunger,

the plunger must be refilled with liquid before this condition exists or

ser ious darcage w il l be done. There should always be a space between the

re ar face of the washer and the fron t face of the gland, even v/hen plunger

is fu ll of liqui d* Because if the washer i s against the gland, there is

nothing to indicate that the liquid pressure is balanced by the air pressure

and any excess li qui d pressure may damage the pis ton rod..

The pu l l rod bearings in crad le should always be well lubfcicsated*

(b) To Dismount Recuperator. Refer to Pl ate VIII •

This operation should never be done in the fi e ld unless i t becomes

absolute ly necessary* The Howitzer must no t be elevated while the re -

cup erfi t or is dismounted*

Five men required.

Tools needed:

Wrench, box U423DSpanner wrench* U423EWrench, double, 1*25 and 1.5. U--33AScrew driver, U45AN

- 4 7

Cocket wrench, U422GHandle, U422HSocket wrench,U422D

•Wrench, do ubl e 0*875 and 1* U<L-3GWrench, U423AMonkey wren ch, 6 -i nch* U45DAScrew driver, U45AESocket wrenehi U422C

(1) With th e How itzer at 0 de gre es, open upper s tem on l i q u id

va lve un t i l l i qu id beg ins t o e scape , t hen c lo se ,

(2) Depre ss th e Ho witzer t o - 5 de gre es and se cu re by. means of t h e

muzzle suppor t*

(3) Empty a i r from re cu pe ra to r cy l in de r by unscrewing both s teins

in a i r valve a t r ea r end of cy l in der * I t i s very impor tan t t h a t - a l l the a i r

be al lowed to escape before removing any parts .

(4) S lack off th e f ro nt nu t s on th e lar ge s tu f f i ng box a t f ro nt end

r r ec up era to r cy l i n der i n o rde r t o t ake t h e p re s su re off of t h e p lunger ,

caused by th e pqcking*

(5) Push p lunger and p i s t on to th e re ar wi th i t s yoke u n t i l p u l l

rod bush ings a re uncovered , ho ld ing pu l l rods i n t he i r o r i g ina l pos i t i on .

-(6) Block up under plu ng er at a po in t ju st behind the yoke to

s u p p o r t p l u n g e r .

(7) Remove lo ck screw in each yoke bu sh ing •

(8) Unscrew yoke bu sh ing s•

(9) Remove p ul l - ro d br ac ke t .

(10) Push p u l l rods to r e a r .

(1 1) Remove yoke bu sh ing s*

(12) P u l l out th e plu ng er , p is to n rod, and yoke, which weigh about

500 pounds, ca re being take n t o have the se pa r ts ce nte red at a l l t imes an;"

to p r o t e c t t h e ou t e r su r face of p lung er*

2 j l < •.



- 4 8

(13) Remove pi s t o n -r od nu t , washer, gland, and s t u ff in g box,

r*iva.Ll, with packing and plu ng er l e a t h e r .

(14) Draw out pi st o n *

(15) Disconnect a i r and l iq u i d p ip in g and remove l i qu id v al ve .

(16) Remove p lung er pr o te ct i on r ing , f e l t rus he r , g land , s tu f f i ng

box, l ar ge , w i th packing and p lung er l e a t he r pa cki ng .

••(17) Remove se t screw in cyl in de r clamp loc k, unscrew cy li n de r

clarnp loc k and s li d e c yl in de r out to re ar , weigh t abou t 895 pounds ••

(c) To Assemble Re cup era tor . Refer to P l a t e V II I .

This operat io n should nev er be under taken in th e f i e ld unle ss i t

becomes absolu te ly necessary*

Five men required-

Tools needed:

3 r ings f lax packing, 30D

Piston washer, leather*. 30BSpanner wrench, U423GSocket wrench, U422CSocket wrench, U422DScrew driver, U45ANMonkey w re nc h. 6- in ch , U45DAWrench- U423AWrench, double, 0.87 5 and 1 . U43GSocket wrench* U422GHandle, U422HScrew driver, U45AEWrench, do ub le , 1.25 and 1* 5. U43BAWrench. U423D10.Ting flax packing. 27N and 28M2 leather packing* 27H and 28KIras3 rod, 0*437 (7/16) diameter by 12 inches*F i l l i n g f u n n e lCan2 ta nk s of compressed ai r*



-49

I

(I ) Slide cylinder into housing in crad le, screw cylind er clamp

lock on front end of cylinder and lock v/ith set screw. Cylinder weights

1040 pounds.

(#) Place stuf fin g box, gland, le at her packing, and fe l t washer

on plunger and sl id e to front*

(3) Assemble packing, gland, and washer to pis ton and place pisto n

rod in place in plunger.

(4) Push pis ton and plunger in to cylinder«

(5) Pack stu ffin g box, la rg e, and put nuts on stud&, . care being

taken to tighten up nuts alt er na te ly so packing bears pro pe rly. (See

division (&)•) . '

(6) Push plunger to the re ar, screw yoke bushings on pull i*ods,

and slide pull rods in place*

(7) Put le at he r packing and stuf fin g box, small, in plunger and

put n uts on studs,*

(8) Pack stu ffing box, sir^H, place gland in place and screv/nu ts

on studs, care being taken to tigh ten up nu ts .a lte rn at el y so packing

bears uniformly* (see division (e)»)

(9) Place washer on end of pistorj- rod and screw nut agains t shoulder*

{lOJ Bolt liquid valve to cylinder and connect up air and liquid

piping.

( I I ) F il l the plunger v/ith liq ui d, connect up the a i r tank, and

f i l the cylinder v/ith a i r .

(d) To f i l recup erator cylinder* Refer to Pl ate VIII*

Five men required.

Tools needed:



, - 5 O

Box wrench, U423A*Wrench. U42,3D.CanGlycerine and water solu tion

Two tanks of compressed a i r .

(1) F i l l plunger with glycer ine and water solut ion , by means of

th e pump, and at the same time le t t ing compressed ai r in to the a ir cham

ber, being careful to keep the liq uid and a i r pressures balanced as in

dica ted by projection of pis ton rod forward from stuffin g box .

When plunger i s f u l l , ther e should be only a small space be-v

tween fron t face of s tuffing box gland and re ar face of washer a t front

end of piston rod. Never allow these two:it© come to geth er .

(2) To f i l l the a i r chamber, -the following has to be done:- Connect

u£> th e a i r tank with th e a i r pipe connection by the copper tub ing , open

th e valve on the tank, then open the valve on the a i r cy linder. Two tanks

are usually suffic ient to run the a ir pressure in recuperator cylinder up

to 1700 pounds per square inch; others or parts of others may be used, if

necessary.

(e) To pack stuf fing boxes . Refer to pl at e VI II•

One ring of packing i s placed in stu ff ing box and forced well

to bottom with braks rod and m al le t. Treat each ring of packing in the

same manner, being careful to break joint s un ti l th e five rings have been

in se rt ed . Nuts on studs should be screwed ti gh t aga inst glands» 1

TOien repacking the se s tuffing boxes, recuperators must be dis-^

mounted (see section B, divis ion (b) ) su ff ic ient ly to ge t the packing

out. -Any of th e old packing that is un fi t for use should "be discarded-

If any of th e old i s used to repack, i t should be put in af te r the new*

The addi tion of t he le at her washers around th e pis ton r^d &..\i

plunger in the rear of the stuffing boxes allows less fcrcc, to t:gh J-en

-51

the glands than if i t were the plain packing*

The nu ts around the glands should be tigh tened from time to time.

If the glands are pressed too ti gh tl y into the stuffin g boxes, an un

necessary amount of fr ic ti on w ill be produced on the plunger and rod* When

the glands are pushed in until they strike the stuffing boxes, they should

be repacked*

(f) To clean recuperator cylinder and plun ger. Refer to Plate

See Section B, division (b)* ;

This should never be undertaken in the field except in case

of absolute.necessity*

V i x

Dismount t h e recuperator, thoroughly clean th e cylinder

and plu nger with kerosene o i l force d in to them with plu ng er 's f or ce pump*

Wipe the ^in ter io rs dry with clean cot ton waste* Clean t h e piston and

piston rod*

SECTION C - CARE OF'ELEVATING MECHANISM*.

(a?) To Dismoipit t h e el ev at in g mechanism* Refer t o p la t e s XI and

XII*

Three men required*

Tools needed:

Wrench, double, 0*875 and 1* U4-3G

Wrench, double, 1*25 and 1*5 U13BA

Wrench, double, 2* and 2,25 IK-3ATC

Wrench,, pinion shaf t and nu t 3*5 U82H

SJcrew driver , U45AN

Screv; dr iver , U45AEMachinist's hammer, U48F

. Pin punch, U47AF

Blocks of wood*

(1) Take hand wheel off and remove brake band*

(2) Remove pin ion shaf t gear from el ev at in g pin ion sha ft s and

? • ' < •• •



- 5 2

r'*move e l ev at in g p in ion s h a f t .

(3) Take off i nt er m ed ia te pin ion sha ft nu t and wash er, and remove

in t e rm ed ia t e p in ion sha f t , ) ca re be ing t aken t o see t ha t i n t e rme d ia t e gea r

13 blocked up. '

(4) Remove e l ev at in g gear p la te wi th bear ing s fas ten ed to i t .

(5) Remove in t er m ed iat e ge ar .

(6) Take off handwheel s h a f t .

(7) Remove r a c k .

( b ) To a ss em b le e le v a t i n g ia ec ha nis m.

Reverse th e op er at io ns , as out l i ned in above, for d i smount ing •

, SECTION D - CARE Off TRAVERSING MECHANISM*

(a,) To d i smount t r a v e rs in g mechanism. Refer to P l a t e XII I •

Three men required*

Tools needed:

Wrench, do ub le, 0.6 25 and 0.7 5 U43FWrenoh, double, 1»25 and 1*5, U43BAWrench, do ub le, 0.3 75 and 0 .5 , U43C

Hammer, machinists. U48FPunch, pin, U47AF

Wrencty, do ub le, 2 . and 2.25,U43AW,

(1) Screw out s ide le ve l in g screw, remove s ig ht wi th s ig ht brac ke t

f r o m c r a d l e t r u n n i o n s .

(2) Take off ge ar case co ve r.

(3) Remove p in and c o l l a r from end of worm sh af t and draw i t o u t.

(4 ) Knock ou t p in s i n l ower pa r t of v e r t i c a l t rq ve r s i ng sha f t

an d t a k e off t r a v e r s i n g p i n i o n .

(5 ) Drav; sh af t w ith worm v/heel up thro ugh ca se ; push worm t o si d e

of case when s tar t ing (



- 5 3

(6) Worm may then be removed from case, aad case taken off side

of fra m e; worm wh eel may a l s o be dr iven off s h a f t .

(b) To Assemble t r a v e rs in g mechanism* Refer to p l a t e X I I I

Tnree men r e q u i r e d ' .

Tools needed: ,

Wrench, double, 6.375 and 0.5, U43.1Wrench, double, 0*625 and 0,75, U43FWrench, double, 1.25 and 1.5, U43BAWrench, double, 2» and 2.25, U43AWHammer, machinists* U48FPunch, pin , U47AF

(1) Bol t ge ar case to side frame and p l a c e v n r a in pocket in c a s e .

(2) Drive worm v/heel on s h a f t and p lace sha f t in p o s i t i o n .. i

Worm must be h e l d a g a i n s t w a l l of case >S3aen assembling v/heel and s h a f t ,

(3 ) Dr ive p in ion on shaf t and pin in p l a c e .

(4) S l ide worm sha f t in p l a c e and l ock i t v/ith pin and c o l l a r *

(5) Bolt cover on c a s e , and bo l t s i gh t a s sembled , or s igh t b racke t

t o t r u n n i o n s .

(6 ) Connect up l e v e l i n g s c r e w .

SECTION F - CARE OF /MMUNITEON CRANE'

(a) To dismount ammunition c r a n e . l iefer toD late XXVII

Men r e q u i r e d .

Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U48F/ 1 pin punch

1 screw driver, U45AN1 Wrench, dou ble , 0#375 anc 0*5, U-V3C1 Wrench, do ub le, 0*625 auc" O.?55 Ir4'JF1 Wrench, dou ble, 0 .875-a nd X» U43C

( l) Remove bo lt fastening hoisting ropci to erjd of crime mast, and

place bolt back in socket on rope* This rejiovss sheave block



- 5 4

sheave and crane hook*

(2) Remove in ter m ed ia te rop e guard and sheave from cran e m as t .

(3) Remove lower sheave br ac ke t from cran e mast and le av e sheav e and

rope, guard a t t ac hed t o sheave b ra ck e t .

(4) Unpin crank sha f t c o l l a r andrunscrew crank shaf t n u t s .

(5 ) Remove le f t c rank and l e f t c rank bushing* rIhe crank shaft may

now be withdrawn to th e l e f t and th e pini on s r a t c h e t a nd f r i c t i o n b ox ,

and f r i c t i o n d i sc" be l i f t e d out* The r i g h t cran k may a l s o be wi thdrawn•

(6 ) Remove s p l i t pin sj d ri ve out drum sha ft and l i f t out drum and

g e a r .

(7 ) Remove drum br ac ke t from cran e m aftr

(8) Remove crane mast from cra ne mast pe d es ta l and unb ol t p e de st al

f rom pla t form*

(b) To AssembLe Ammunition Crane*

Men Required.

Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U48F1 Pin punch

'.1 Screw driver, U45AN1 Wrench, double, 0*375 and 0.5, U43C1 Wrench, double, 0*625 and 0*75. II43F1 Wrench, d ou b le , 0*875 and 1 . , U43G

Reverse proced ure as out l in ed above fo r d i smount ing in (a)«

N ote : - C are shou ld be t aken t o s ee t ha t t he b ronze and s t e e l f r i c t i on

d i scs a re a s sembled i n t he i r p roper o rde r .

SECTION El ANTI-FRICTION DEVICE,

(a) ' To Dismount a nt i - fr ic t i on devic e. Refer t o Pl a t e X



F our men requ i red .

T o ol s n e e de d ;

Wrench, s ingle , 1*75a U43VWrench, spanner, U596ESo rev/ d r i v e r , U45AE

( l ) Unscrew locknut on ad ju s t in g sc rew .

(Z ) Remove s p l i t p in and nu t from bea r ing sup por t*

(3) |Unsc rew ad jus t i ng s c rew u n t i l beairinf; support is clear of "bear

i n g s e a t .

(4) Remove r o l l e r and bea r ing s e a t .

(5) Remove upper t ru nn ion pin b ea rin g an: l ke y.(6) I f t ip p i ng p a r t s ar e out of s ide fcraiie be ar i ng , th e be ar in g

sup por t can be drawn up throug h the h o le in s id s f ram e.

(7) B e l l e v i l l e sp r in gs and washers can nor ' be removed*

(8) Unscrew ad ju st in g s crew nu t v/ i th lockw ashe r at ta ch ed t o ifc»

( b ) To a s se m b l e a n t i - f r i c t i o n d e v i c e *

R everse t he oper a t i o n a s ou t l i ne d i n a fcove, fo r d i smoun t ing*

SECTION fl - CARE OF TRUCK3.

(a ) To remove tr uc ks from Mount, re fe r to P l a t e XXXII*

•"-8 Men re q u i r ed .

Tools needed:

4 A u x i l i a r y j a c k s .

1 Crowbar, 1243A

1 P inch bar

1 - 7-rinch p l i e r s , U47AQ

(1) Remove s p l i t .pin from l i v e le v e r pin a-d ^e::7--e l i v e le ve r pin

from re a r t r u c k le ve r conne ct ion . . P l^c e l i n o lav er ;iiv i i i ho\e in 3 i v e

l e v e r a nd i n s e r t s p l i t p i n *

(2) Li f t - ce n t er p in f rom e en te r p l a ie ho le , us in^ p.vr.tn bar +.y ^ .^ - , ,



-.56

samej, if necessary*

(3) Raise mount with jacks as described in Part I, Section ( L ) , Divi

sion (d) until mount is clear of trucks.

(4) Shove trucks along until they are clear of mount*

(fr) To Disassemble and Assemble Trucks* Refer to Plate XXXII*

Three men required*

Tools needed:

1 Wrench, double, 1.25 and 1.5 nuts, U43BA

1 Wrench, double, #875 and I-inch, U43G

1 - 7*inch Pliers, U47AQ

2 Crowbars, 1243A

Blocking

1 - 16-inch Monkey wrench, U45LAl'Cfir Box Jacking screw, with l ev er s, 1022C4 Jacks, 25-ton1 Combination Hook and Packing tool

- 1 Hammer, U48F1 Pinch bar.

(1) Remove pe de sta l t i e from both sides of truc k rep laci ng b olts, in

t i e s with nut locks and n u ts .

(2) Remove co tt er s from eq ua liz er pins (put co tt e rs in a convenient

plac e so they can be replaced in p in when same are l a te r removed)*

(3) Place jack screw on sectire, blocking under in sid e pedestal cas ting s

of outer wheels and raise truck frame until springs and equalizers are re

leased su ff ic ie nt ly fo r removing* /

(4) Remove se m i- el li pt ic spr ing keys which wil l allow spring to be

removed*

(5 ) Remove pi ns from equal ize rs and rep lace pin s in same, al so rep lace

co tt er s* (Refer to Art* 2)*

(6 ) Remove' cott e rs and nu ts from Hel ic al sp ring b olt s, then remove

bo lts and replace nuts and c o tt e rs . Also remove springs and spring s e a ts .

33176

i

- 5 7

\7) Place car jack on secure blocking under sera i-e llip tic spr ing

soa t and ra ise truc k frame suf fi ci en t to remove wheels and journal boxes*

(Snail jack screws and blocking can now be removed).

(8) Push end wheels with journal boxes away from truc k frame•

(9) Disconnect bottom connection rod from both front and re ar tru ck

levers and replace connection pins in their respective places in rods*

(l<Q) Remove rear truck lever from brake beam and replace connection pin

in hole from which it was taken in brajfce beam.

(ll) Disconnect front truck lever from dead lever bracket and replace

connection pin'iiin dead lever bracket*

(12)) Disconnect dead lev er b racket from dead le ve r fulcrum bracket and

replace connection pin in dead lever bracket*

(13) Remove front truc k leve r from brake beam and replace connection pin

in hole in brake beam.

(14) Pull out brake shoe keys and remove brake beams and brake shoes*

(15) Remove brake shoe hangers from side frames and replace hunger bolts

with keys in hangers*

(16) Place blocking under pe de stal castin g of end wheels at e it her end

of truck most convenient and remove the car jacks near the end so blocked

by unscrewing jacks so as to allow frame to res t on blocking* This wil l

permit moving center wheel with boxes, intorposition formerly occupied by

aid wheels*

(17) Replace ca^r jacks under se m i- el li p ti c spring sea ts as before and

ra is e t h i s end so as to re le as e load of frame from blocking at end*

(18) Remove end-blocking and push wheels away from frame.

(19) Open journa l box doors and remove jou rnal box packing with hook

and packing tool* 2SI1?6



- 5 8

(20) T il t th e outer ends of the boxes up un ti l bearing wedge and bear

nings can be removed; remove wedges and take beardiigs out* Then remove

boxes*. ' *

(21) To Assemble Trucks, Reverse the process ju st described .

(c) To Pack Journal Boxes*

One man required.

Tools needed:

1 Hook %nd Packing Tool,

Bucket or Tin can of 3 to 5 ga llons capacityGalena Oil • . I

Wool or Cotton Waste

(1) With hook and packing to ol remove waste, a lso a l l pa rt ic le s of

sand and g r i t from journa l boxes.

(2) In th e bucket or ti n can place enough waste to pack the number of

jou rna l boxes to be packed; wool waste is pre ferable, but cotton waste

will do and saturate with Galena Oil*

(3) With hook and pacafcing to ol pack the o i l s atur at ed waste firmly

in to the lower section of th e Journal Boxes* Note: - The l i f e of the journal

bear ings wil l be considerably lengthened and th e tro ub le ar is in g from

burned out bearings w il l be reduced to a minimum if regular inspect ion s be.

made of th e journa l box packing* 'If the car is to be moved a considerable

distance ,, espe ci al ly af te r having stood in one place for any length of

time, i t i s vrell to see tha t a l l boxes are well packed with o il sa tur ate d

wasted* Care should be taken to see tha t the covers are kept closed and

promptly replaced where broken or lost in order to keep out, as much as

poss ible, a l l sand and gr it *

(d) To Replace Journal Bearings*

Two men required*

7,3V, 6



Tools needed:

1 Pinch Bar

1 Car Box Ja ck in g Screw1 Hook and Packing Tool

(1) With, ca r body jack s r a is e ca r body abou t two inc he s*

(2 ) With ca r box jac kin g screw ra is e th e jou rn al box, from which the

bearing is to be removed, about two inches«

(3) Raise jo ur na l box cover and remove be arin g wedge with hook, w ith

draw bear ing*

(4) Put new be ar in g in po s i t io n and re p la ce be ar ing wedge; pack jo urn al

box packing f i r m ly around lower hal f of jou rn al and be ce r ta in th a t i journalbe ar in g and wedge a re prop er ly sea ted*

(e ) To Pl ac e Trucks Under c a r .

Reverse proce dure ou t l in ed in Par t I I , Sect ion G, Div is ion (a)«

SECTION- H - CARE OF TRUCKS

( a i To Disa ssem ble Air Brake* Refe r t o pl a te s XIX apid XX •

Two men re q u ir e d .

Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U48F

1 - 7-in ch P l i e r s , U47 AQ1 Pinch Bar1 Wrench, do ub le, »75 and 1-inch nuts, U153G1 Wrench, monkey, 6-inch, U45DA1 S t i l l s on Pipe wrench, -25 and 2,5*- inches, 637D1 Wrench, d o u b le , 0 .83 5 and 1-inch riuts,U43G1 Wrench^ double, O«625 and 0«75-inch nuts fU43F

1 Wrench, double, 0.375 and 0*5-inch nuts,U43^€"

(1) Disconnect hand brake p ul l r o d and brake cy l ind er l ey ,er connect ion

from brake cy l in de r l ev er and re p l ac e con nect ion p in in end of p ul l ro d*

(2 ) Di sconnec t f l o a t i ng l ev e r connec ti on from f l o a t i n g l eve r and re

p l ac e connec t i on p in i n f l oa t i n g l e ve r connec t i on*

23176



- 6 0

Disconnec t l i ve l eve r f rom f loa t i ng l eve r and rep l aco p in i n l i ve

l e v e r *

(4) Unbol t and remove cy l in de r l e ve r fu lcrum' f rom cen ter s i l l and re

p l a ce bo l t s i n t h e i r r e s pe c t i v e ho l e s in cen t e r s i l l and remove cy l i nd er

l ev er from cy l i nd er l eve r fu l c rum.

(5) Disconnect brake cy l in de r pushrod from cy l ind er l eve r and rep lac e

connect ion p in in end of pushrod , d i sconne ct f lo at in g le ve r from f l oa t in g

l ever fu l c rum and rep l ace p in i n f l oa t i ng l eve r

(6) Unbolt and remove fl o a t i n g l ev er fulcrum from under s ide, of f lo or

p l a t e and rep l ac e bo l t s i n fu l c rum.

(7) Disconne ct union on cr os s pi pe between cy l in de r and re se rv o ir and

remove pipe*

(8) Unbolt and remove brake cy l in de r from supp ort and rep lac e bo l ts

in supp ort •

••(9) Disconnect p ipes and e l l s from re se rv oi r th a t connect wi th cross

p i p e t o c y l i n d e r *

(10 ) Unbo l t t r i p l e va lve f rom rese rvo i r*

(11) Unbolt and remove reservoir from support s r e p l a c i n g b o l t s *

(X2) Remove t r i p l e valve*

(13) Unscrew pipe' '3A- :

(14 ) Remove ce n t r i fu ga l d i r t co l l e c to r*

(15) Remove elbow and pipe "GA"(16 ) Unscrew pi ge "AA" from cu t out cock and remove s e lf -l o c k in g c u t

ou t cock N o. 2135 v/ith upp er pi pe "AA" from 1.25 t e o .

(17 ) Remove up pe r pi p e "AA" from cu t out cock*

23176



(18) Remove V b o lt in end s i l l and unccrew se l f~ lock ' . ng nng le cc?k

N o . 22413*

(19) Unscrew pip e "R" from coupl in g le av ing coup l ing en pip e "SM«

(20) Remove pi p e ha ng er and unscrew pip e "S " from 1.25 e l l and lea ve

e l l on p ipe "T " ,

(2 1) Remove p ip e "T11 from 1.25 &ee and le av e t e e on pi pe "U",

(22 ) Unscrew p ip e "U" from e l l and lea ve e l l on pipe"Vi"4

(23 ) Remove p ip e han ge r and unsc rew pi pe "W" from elb®w and le av e

elbow on p ip e " X" .

(24 ) Unscrew pi pe nX" with drain cock from pipe HZ"

N ote : - I f i t i s de s i re d to d i sassemble the complete a i r b rake equipment

on mount, r ep e at t he above op er at io n fo r d isa sse m blin g th e mechaniftzft under

the other end of the mount .

(b) To Disassemble-land Assemble H and bra kes . Refer t o Pl a te XIX and XX-


Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U48F

1 - 7-inc h p l i e r s , U47AQ1 Wrench, double, 0*375 and 0*5-inch nuts, U43G1 Wrench, dou ble , 0.625 and 0»7£ -inch nuts,U 43F

(1) Disconnect handbrake p u l l rod f rom cyl ind er l ev er qt3. rep lac e

connection pin in end of rod*

(2 ) Remove han dbr ake sheav e from han dbra ke p u ll rod, ta k e chain from

around sheav e and fa st e n sheave back in rod jaws with p i n .

(3) Unbolt and remove p u l l rod hang er and re p l ac e bo l t s in hanger*

(4 ) Remove p u ll ro d .

(5 ) D i sconnec t handbrake cha in from b rake mast s t ep and b rake mas t .

23176

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http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/self~lock'.ng



- 6 2

(6) Unbol t and remove brake mast step and r e p l a c e b o l t s on mas t s t ep .p p

R b77)) Remove brak e mast with handwheel and ratc he t at ta ch ed ,\c) /.>v To Assemble Air Brake* Refer t o Plates XIX and XX*

Three men required*

Tools needed:

1 Hammer. U48F

1 7-inch pliers, U47AQ

1 Pinch bar.

1 Wrench, double, .75 gad 1-inch, U153G1 Wrench, monkey, 6-inch, l)47DA .1 S t i l l so n P ip e Wrench, .25 to 2.5 inches, 637D1 Wrench, do ub le, 0.625 and 0*75-inch nuts, U43F1 Wrench, d oub le, 0.375 and 0.5-inch nuts, U43G1 Wrench, doub le, 0.875 and 1-inch nuts, U43G

Reverse procedure as o u t l i n e d in Sect ion. H, d i v i s i o n ( a ) ,

(d ) To c l ean and O il Brake Cyl inder . Refer t o plate XXIX

Two men r e q u i r e d .

Tools needed:

1 - 7 - i n c h p l i e r s , U47AQ

1 Hammer, U48F1 Pinch bar1 Wrench, double, .625 and 0.875-inch nuts , U153E1 Wrench, monkey, 6- in c h , U47DA

(1) Disconnect pushrod f rom cy l in de r l e v e r .

(2 ) Remove bo l ts con nect in g cy l in de r t o brake cy l inder brake and re

move p ip es co nnect ing c y l i nd er t o r e s e r v o i r .

(3 ) Remove pi s t on h e a d .

(4 ) With kerose ne o i l , t ho rough ly c l ean and remove a l l p a r t i c l e s of

sand and g r i t fro m p i s t o n , p i s t o n r i n g and i n s i d e of c y l i n d e r .

(5 ) O il p i s t o n l e a t h e r in p i s ton wi th heavy oi l or l i g h t g r e a s e .

(6 ) Put p i s ton back in c y l i n d e r and rep lace whole on car .

(9) To c l ean and o i l t r i p l e v a l v o K--2. Refer t o Plate XXXIII .

Two men r e q u i r e d

Too ls ne ed ed : 23176



O

l•.

1 S ti ll so n Pipe Wrench, .25 to- 2 .5~inchesf 637D:i Hamroerj U48F1-7-inch p l i e r s , U47AQ1 Wrench, double, «75 and 1-inch nuts, U153G1 Wrench, monkey, 6-inch.j' U47DA1 Wrench, double, »375 and .5-inch nuts,. U153B

(1) Disconnect branch pipe union and remove branch pipe from t r i p l e valve

(2) D±g>$ pin ea l. ,t ri pl e valve ;f ro iaaux ilia ry" valva«

(3) Unscrev/ union nut 17 and remove st ra iner 16 •

(4) Unscrev/ graduatin g stem nu t 20 and remove graduating spr ing 22»

(5) Remove nut from bolt s 24 and take off cy lind er cap 19 and- cy lind er

cap gasket 23*

(6) Withdraw pi ston and s li de valve from casing*

(7) Remove cap screws 25 and take off check valve case 13 and emergency

valve 9.

(8) Remove pis to n 8«

(9) Remove emergency valve 10 and check valve 15»

(10) Unscrev/ ret ar din g device 29 and remove re ta rd in g spr ing 33 and

stem 31•

(11) Clean a l l pa rt s thoroughly with kerosene oil» Using oi l s par ing ly,

o il t r i p l e pist on and surface between sl id e valve and sl id e valve seat* Also

surface between graduating valve and slide valve.

(12) Assemble by reversing procedures as outlined above, and replace

t r i p l e valve in position*

(f) To Clean Centrifugal Dirt C oll ect or. Refer to Plat e XXXI

One man required.

Tools needed: None

( l ) Open cock at bottom of co ll ec to r u n ti l al l pa rt ic le s of sand,

d i r t and water are blov/n out*

23176



- 6 4

(g ) To Take Up Shoo Wear.

On© man re qu ir ed *

Tools needed:

1 P l i e r s , U47AQ1 Hammer, U48F1 P inch ba r .

(1) Release bra ke s , bo th hand and a i r* .

(2) Disconnect f ro nt t r u c k lev er from dead le ve r bra ck et , move f ron t

t ru ck l eve r ou t u n t i l t he r ea r t ru ck l ev e r w i l l no t go back t o l e s s t han

1.5-inchear f rom the t ruck bols ter and remake connect ion in proper hole in

d ea d l e v e r b r a c k e t .

(3) I f ne ces sary the shoes can be se t up t i g h te r by moving th e f ro nt

t r u c k lev er t o th e end ho les Of th e bottom connect ion rod*

(m) To Repla ce Brake Sh oe s. Refer t o P la t e XXXII.

One man required*

Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U47AM

1 Pinch Bar .

(1) Rele ase brake s , bo th hand and a i r -

(2) Withdraw brake shoe keys , tak e out worn shoes and re pl ac e w ith

new ones .

SECTIOIj I CARE OF JACKS

(a ) To Disassemble screw ja c k s . Refer to P la te XXV


Tools needed:

1 Hammer, U48F

1 Pin punch1 Wrench, double,1 Wrench, double^

1.25 and 1.5, U43G0.625 and 0.75, U43F

23176



-65

(1) Unscrew lower jack pinio n s tud nut and remove ra tc het and pawl

with housing •

(2) Remove upper jack pinion stu d nut and tak e out jack pinion stud

with jack pinio n attach ed*

(3) Remove jack screw nu t and l e t jack and ram re st again st gu id e.

(4) Take washers and screw gear off of screw,

(5) Remove, st op from ram and guide from base p l a t e .

(6) Remove screw and ram*.

Note:- In order to remove screw and ram i t is necessary to run the mount

over a p i t or dig a hole in th e ground*

(b) To Assemble screw jacks re verse the opera tions outl ined above for

disassembling

(c) Care and Oilijig of Jaciss.

The jacks should be lubr icated f re qu en tly. To d.o ifcis a s tee l

compression grease cup is screwed in to the stop on th e ram* This cup should

nevor be without grease in i t The jac k lev ers should be removed and pla c

ed in some convenient pla.ce on the platform*

(d) Care of Auxiliary Jacks*

When not in use the au xil ia ry jacks should be placed under the

ammunition t a b l e . The bearings of the jack should be kept well oiled and the

main li f t in g screw and the t ee th of th e gears should be lub rioated v/ith

heavy grease when necessary to make jacks work easily*

PART I I I .

SECTION A, PRECAUTIONS TO BE OBSERVED BEFORE FIRING.

(a) This carriage is designed to be fired from 20 to 60 degrees eleva

tion; do not fire it below 20 degrees*

23176



-66

(b) Fold up platform at breech of Howitzer.

(c) Take reading at l iq uid pre ssure gauge; th i s reading should be 1700

pounds per squre inch* a small amount of liquid will leak out each round

and i s replaced by means of the pump#

(d) Take reading^a t a i r pressu re gauge; th i s reading should be 1550

pounds per square inch*

(e) The dista nce the recuperator piston rod moves indicates liquid leak

ing at the packing and the rod should never be allowed to stand out past

the gland more than 5«875 inches*

(f ) Traverse gun through e nti re allowed movement to n&ke sure that a l l

parts work freely* ;

(g) Elevate Howitzer through en ti re range of elevation to see th at a l l

parts work freely*

(h) Make sure th at a l l nu ts , tap bolt s, and screws on elevating mechanism,

trave rs in g mechanism panoramic s ight , and elevat ion quadrant are s et up

properly*

( i ) Make an insp ect ion of recoil and counter re coi l systems to see

thqfc they are properly assembled, especially after the Howitzer has been

dismounted from the oradle*

(k) See tha t the outrigge rs are se t se cu rely .

( l ) See th a t the underframing of th e mount has a uniform bearing on

the ground platform*(m) Make sure tha t the re co il cylinder is properly f il le d .

(n) All brakes should be re leas ed .

23176



-67

TO.BE_OBSERVED BEFORE TRAVELLING.

(a ) see tha t a l l equipment to be car rie d on the mount i s properly

Secured and th at none of i t p ro jec ts out past the clearance l i n e .

(b) Depress gun to 0 degree elevation and tra ve rse i t to 0 degrees

azimuth and fasten gun with travelling lock*

(c ) Remove panoramic te le scop e, place i t in carrying case and sto re

in secure place.

(d) An inspection should be n^de of journa l boxes to see th at they

are properly packed and that the bearings have not worn down too much*

(e) An inspectio n should be made al so of the brake shoes and mech

anism* If th ere i s too much play between the brake shoes and wheels,

the wear should be taken up in the brake mechanism or the brake shoes

replaced with1

nev; ones%

(f ) Be sure tha t the complete se t of tools are.oOn hand*

(g) See that buffe rs and couplings are in proper working condition*

PART V.

TABLE OF WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS OF 12-INCH

HOWITZER RAILWAY MOUNT, MODEL OF 1918.

Length of* recoil normal 36" max* 37.5

Angle of Elevation (firing420 to46O

oti « Depression - 5 loading

it « t raverse 360°

Weight of rec oil ing pa rt s (empty) - 49 }188

n t ipping " " 64,533(Loaded 65,333)

Weight of Car including base plate 102,880*

Length over draft Gear - 4 2 f t . 2 i n . approx.

Total weight of t rucks (two) 30,000 l b s .



- 6 8

Type of t rucks 6 -whee l - 5 .5 x 10 j o u r n a l s .

Diameter of v/heels 28 in*

Weight of t ravers ing par t s wi th gun (Empty) 92 ,353

To ta l we igh t on t r a c k - 19 5, 243 •

Weight of gun in clu din g re c o i l band & breech mech • 47 f239

Muzzle Veloci ty 1950 f . s

Range 21,6 00 yds (Approx*)

W t. P r o j e c t i l e 7 00 l b s .

Wt. Pov/der 95 , "

Chamber pr es su re 37 ,000 l b s .

Muzzle ene rgy 18,474 f t * t o n s

To ta l rod pu l l a t 60° - 3 4 8 , 7 6 6 l b s .

pe r qx l e a t t r a c k ( f r o n t ) 3 5 , 9 3 1 l b s .

« n ti ti ( r e a r ) 29 ,150M

23176



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Gaylord Bros.

Makers

S y r a c u s e , N Y.

PAT. JAN 21 , 1908

Handbook of 12 Inch Howitzer Railway Mount Model of 1918

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Transcript of Handbook of 12 Inch Howitzer Railway Mount Model of 1918