Hand book

1

CLEAN & GREEN CITYTIRUVALLA

Xncp-h√ ¢o≥ & Ko≥ kn‰n

BapJw

`mc-X-Øns‚ cmjvS-]n-Xm-hmb alm-flm-Km‘n Hcn-°¬ C]-Imcw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn. ""kzmX-¥y-tØmfw ]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂-XmWv ipNn-

Xzw.'' alm-fl-Pn-bpsS Cu hm°p-Iƒ°v i‡-amb ImenI ]k-‡n-

bp-≠v. hy‡n-ip-Nn-Xz-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ temI-Øn\p Xs∂ amXr-

I-bmbn hncm-Pn-°p∂ tIc-fo-b¿ ]s£ ]cn-kc ipNn-Xz-Øns‚ Imcy-

Øn¬ hfsc ]n∂-em-sW∂ hkvXpX hnkva-cn-®p-Iq-Sm. hy‡n-ip-

NnXzw F∂t]mse Xs∂ ]cn-k-c-ip-Nn-Xzhpw hfsc ]m[m-\yhpw

Kuc-hhpw A¿ln-°p∂ hnj-b-am-sW∂v \mw Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠n-bn-cn-

°p-∂p. Cu b⁄-Øn\v kam-cw`w Ipdn-®p-sIm≠v tdUntbm

amIv^mÃv cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb ]≤-Xn-bm-Wv, ¢o≥ & Ko≥ kn‰n (CGC)

Xncp-h-√.

\Kc Kma ]tZ-i-ß-fnse P\-ßƒ t\cn-Sp∂ cq£-amb ]iv\-

amWv amen-\yw. Kma-ßsf At]-£n®v \K-c-ß-fn¬ amen-\y-Øns‚

tXmXv Gsd-bm-Wv. tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Ifpw Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Ifpw

k¶o¿Æ-amb Cu ]iv\Øn\p apºn¬ DØcw Is≠-Øm-\m-ImsX

]I-®p-\n¬°p-∂p. hgn-tbm-c-ßƒ amen-\y-Iq-ºm-c-ambn amdp-tºmƒ,

AXns‚ Xn‡-^ew A\p-`-hn-°m≥ P\-ßƒ \n¿∫-‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂p.

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf Ip‰w Npa-Øn-bm¬ ]iv\-]-cn-lmcw Bhn-s√∂v

Adn-bm-sa-¶nepw AXpXs∂ \mw sNøp-∂p. C—m-i-‡n-tbmsS `c-

Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ ]h¿Øn-°-W-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ c≠p ]£-an-√.

F∂m¬ Ht∂m¿°Ww, \K-c-ß-fnepw \Zn-I-fnepw hgn-tbm-c-ß-fnepw

amen\yw \nd-bp-tºmƒ AXn¬ \ap-°p-ant√ Hcp ]¶v?

"amen\yw Dd-hn-S-Øn¬ Xs∂ kwkv°m-cn-®m¬ \ΩpsS \mSpw

hoSpw FX ipNn-Xz-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ amXsa "ssZh-Øns‚

CLEAN & GREEN CITY TIRUVALLA

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kz¥w \mSv' F∂ hnti-jWw ]q¿Æ-am-hp-I-bp-≈q. kz¥w hoSpw

]cn-k-chpw hrØn-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v \njv°¿jn-°p∂ \mw F¥p-

sIm≠v sXm´p-ap-∂nse hgn-tbmcw ipNn-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v hmin-]n-

Sn-°p-∂n-√. AXv a‰m-cp-tStbm IS-a-bmbn \mw ImWp-∂p. hoSp-I-fnse

amen\yw πmÃnIv _mKp-I-fn¬ sIń tdmU-cp-In¬ X≈p∂ (Not InMy Back Yard) "NIMBY kwkv°mcw' cq]-s∏-ń´v \mfp-I-tf-sd-bm-bn.

bYm kabw Ch \o°w sNøm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ B ]tZ-i-amsI Zp¿K‘w

han°p-∂p. ag-°m-eØv Ch HgpIn tdmUnepw kao] ]tZ-i-ß-fnepw

FØn-t®-cp-∂p. ]d-h-Iƒ sImØn Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ InW-dp-I-fnepw

Ipf-ß-fnepw \nt£-]n-°p-∂p. tcmK-ßƒ ]nSn-s]-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ kml-

Ncyw Fßs\ X≈n-°-f-bm-\mIpw?

tIcfw F∂p tI´m¬ ]® hncn® ]mS-ßfpw Xe Db¿Øn

\n¬°p∂ tIc-hr-£ßfpw Ip∂pw h\hpw ]pg-Ifp-sam-s°-bmWv

a\- n¬ \nd-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ \K-c-h-Xv°-c-W-Øns‚ e-ambn ]®-

∏p-Iƒ C√m-Xm-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-sb√mw shń-am‰n h≥ ku[-

ßƒ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-∂p. ]®-]p¬\m-ºp-I-fpsS ÿm\w πmÃnIv Ip∏n-

Ifpw Ih-dp-Ifpw Iø-S°n Ign-™p. \mSns‚ ]ptcm-K-Xn°v hnI-k\w

Bh-iy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ AXv \S-∏n-em-°p-∂Xv ]Ir-Xnsb ]msS D∑q-

e\w sNbvXm-bn-cn-°-cp-Xv. ]Ir-Xnsb "tZhn'bmbmWv IW-°m-°-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy\v ]Ir-Xnsb IqSmsX \ne-\n¬∏n-√.

acw apdn-®p-am-‰p-∂-Xn\p apºv "hr£-]qP' \S-Øp∂ ]Xnhv C∂pw

tIc-f-Øn-ep-≠v. \ΩpsS ]q¿∆n-I¿ hr£-ßƒ°v FX ]m[m\yw

\¬In-bn-cp∂p F∂v CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°mw.

C\nbpw \Ωn¬ Nne¿ ]d-bpw. "AXn\v Rm≥ F¥v sNøm\m?

AXn-s\m-s°bm ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰nbpw Kh¨sa‚pw.'

A√, \ap°v sNøm-\p-≠v. \mamWv sNtø-≠-Xpw. \√ ioe-ßƒ

hy‡n-I-fnepw IpSpw-_-ß-fnepw Bcw-`n°pI hgn kaq-l-Øns‚

F√m Xe-ß-fnepw AXv FØ-s∏-Spw. `cW kncm-tI-µ-ßƒ DW-

cpw. \nb-a-ßƒ \S-∏n-em-Ipw. "AXn\v \mw F¥v sNøWw' F∂Xv

Adn-bm≥ XpS¿∂v hmbn-°p-I.

\nßƒ°-dn-bmtam?

˛ temI-sam- msI Hmtcm h¿jhpw Dt]-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ πmÃnIv Ip∏n-

I-fpsS icm-icn FÆw 500 _ney¨ (500,00,000,000) BWv.

˛ tIc-f-Ønse Hcp ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n D≠m-Ip∂ ]Xn-Zn\ Jc-am-en-

\y-Øns‚ icm-icn Afhv 3000 S¨ BWv.

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˛ `mc-X-Ønse Hmtcm hy‡nbpw ]Xn-h¿jw icm-icn 170 Intem

amen\yw D≠m-°p∂p F∂mWv IW-°v.

˛ Hcp πmÃnIv _mKns‚ icm-icn D]-tbmKw 20 an\n-‰m-Wv. F∂m¬

AXv hnL-Sn-°m≥ \qdn¬]cw h¿j-ßƒ t]mepw t]mcm.

˛ hmbp aen-\o-I-cWw sIm≠v Hmtcm h¿jhpw acn-°p∂ Bfp-I-

fpsS icm-icn FÆw 2.4 e£w BWv.

˛ Hcp BW-hm-bp[ ]co-£Ww \S-Øp∂ sNe-hp-sIm≠v aq∂mw

temI-cm-Py-ßƒ°v apgp-h≥ ip≤-Pew \¬Im≥ Ign-bpw.

˛ Ign™ \qdp h¿j Ime-b-f-hn-emWv temI-Øn¬ ]IpXn `mKw

h\hpw \in-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv.

˛ hnhn[ \ne-I-fn¬ Hcp hr£w \¬Ip∂ kw`m-h\ ]Xn-h¿jw

icm-icn 100 _ney¨ BWv.

˛ ]mbw aqew Hcp hr£hpw acn-°p-∂n-√. tcmKtam a\p-jytcm

AXn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. ] -W-]-tZ-isØ Hcp hr£-Øns‚ icm-

icn Bbp v shdpw 8 h¿j-am-Wv.

˛ temI-Øn¬ Hmtcm Znh-khpw ]´n-Wn-sIm≠v acn-°p∂ Ip´n-I-

fpsS icm-icn FÆw 22,000 BWv.

˛ Hcp en‰¿ aen-\-Pew F´p en‰¿ ip≤-P-esØ aen-\-am-°p-∂p.

Cu \q‰m-≠ns‚ a≤y-tØm-Sp-IqSn 60 cmPy-ß-fn-embn GXmWv 7

_ney¨ P\-ßƒ Pe-£m-a-Øn\v Cc-bm-Ip-sa∂v IW-°p-Iƒ

]d-bp-∂p.

amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷\w

ap≥]v kqNn-∏n-®n- p≈Xpt]mse Xs∂ sXm -SpØ tdmUn-te°pw

s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fn-te°pw amen\yw hen-s®-dn-bp∂ NIMBY (Not InMy Back Yard) kwkv°m-c-Øn¬ \n∂v amen\yw Ah-bpsS "tkmX-

p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ kwkv°-cn-°pI' F∂ IMBY (In My Back Yard)

kwkv°m-c-Øn-tebv-°p≈ Nph-Sp-sh-bv∏n\v B°w-Iq- p-I-bmWv "¢o≥

B‚ v Ko≥ kn‰n Xncp-h√' ap≥K-W\ \¬Ip-∂-Xv. C]-Imcw Hcp

kwkv°mcw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂Xp hgn amen\y ]iv\w hf-sc-b-

[nIw eLq-I-cn-°m≥ \ap-°m-Ipw. CXn-\mbn ][m-\-ambpw \mw i≤n-

t°≠ 5 Imcy-ßƒ Xmsg sImSp-°p-∂p.

1. amen\yw timX- p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ kwkv°-cn-°pI (Dispose at thesource itself).

2. Xcw-Xn-cn-®p≈ tiJ-cWw (Segigated collection).


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3. A\p-tbm-Py-amb kmt¶-XnIhnZy D]-tbm-Kn-°¬ (Sound andsuitable technologies).

4. Inbm-fl-I-amb t_m[-h-Xv°-cWw (Creative Awareness).

5. lcn-X-h-Xv°-cWw (Greening).

(1) tkmX- n¬ h®p≈ kwkv°-cWw

hn -h-ßƒ ImW-s∏-Sm≥ ]mSn-√mØ ÿeß-fn¬ Dt]-£n-°p-tºm-

gmWv AXv amen-\y-am-Ip-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Øn¬ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ amen-\y-

ß-fn¬ (hy-h-kmb amen-\y-ßƒ Hgn-sI) 60- 65 iX-am-\-tØmfw ssP

]Zm¿∞-ß-fmWv (degradable). Cu amen-\y-ßƒ th≠-hn[w

kwkv°-cn-°p∂p F¶n¬ \nc-h[n aqey-h¿≤nX D¬∏-∂-ßfpw

Du¿÷hpw DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ \ap-°m-Ipw. F∂m¬ CXn\p hncp-≤-

ambn s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ amen\yw \nt£-]n-°p∂ coXn-bmWv I≠p-

h-cp-∂-Xv. CXv Cu®, sImXp-Iv, ]mWn-Iƒ, P¥p-°ƒ F∂n-h-bpsS

h¿≤-\hv tcmK-ßƒ, Zp¿K‘w han-°¬, No™-fn™ amen-\y-ß-

fpsS sh≈w Hen-®n-dßn kao] IpSn-sh≈ tkmX- p-Iƒ aen-\-am-

°p-I, kmwI-anI tcmK-ßƒ, a‰p aen-\o-I-cW ]iv\-ßƒ Cßs\

Kpcp-X-c-amb ]cn-ÿnXn BLm-X-ßƒ°v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. amX-a-√,

C]-Imcw ae¿∂p-In-S-°p∂ amen-\y-ßƒ th¿Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw kwkv°-

cW πm‚p -I-fn -te°v sIm≠p-t]m-Ip -∂-Xp -sa√mw IqSp -X¬

k¶o¿Æhpw Aim-kvXo-b-hpambn amdp-∂p. Cu kml-N-cy-Øn¬

amen\yw Ah-bpsS tkmX- p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ kwkv°-cn-°p∂ kº-

Zmbw (decentralised system)˛Øn\v ]m[m\yw Gdp-∂p. hoSp-Iƒ,

am¿°-‰p-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-ßƒ, hyh-km-b-im-e-Iƒ, Bip-]-Xn-Iƒ,

s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ, HmUn-t‰m-dn-b-ßƒ XpS-ßnb hnhn[ tkmX- p-I-

fn¬ amen-\y-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p. Ch D≠m-°p∂ tkmX- p-Iƒ°-\p-

k-cn-®v Ah-bpsS Af-hnepw KpW-Ønepw hyXym-k-ßfpw D≠m-Imw.

AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Hmtcm bqWn-‰p-Iƒ°pw Ahn-S-hnsS DXv]m-Zn-∏n-

°-s∏-Sp∂ amen-\y-ßƒ Ah-bpsS ]tXy-I-X-b-\p-k-cn®v kwkv°-c-

W-Øn\v hyXykvX kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ (Waste specific and sizespecific) Bh-iy-ambn hcpw. A\p-tbm-Py-amb kmt¶-XnI hnZy-Iƒ

D]-tbm-Kn®v amen-\y-ßƒ tkmX- p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambn

kwkv°-cn-°m-\m-Ipw.

amen\yw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy-\m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ AXv

C√mbva sNøpI F∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw (Extended ProducerResponsibility) a\p-jy\p Xs∂. aen-\o-Imcn ]cn-lmcw sNøpI

(Polluter Pay) F∂ s]mXp \bw \mapw A\p-h¿Øn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-

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(2) Xcw-Xn-cn-®p≈ tiJ-cWw

amen-\y-h-kvXp-°ƒ tkmX- p-I-fn¬ sh®p-Xs∂ Xcw-Xn-cn-°pI

F∂Xv imkvXob amen\y amt\-Pvsa‚ns‚ BZy-]-Sn-bm-Wv. amen-

\y-ßƒ ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ Xcw-Xn-cn-°m-dp-≠v. tkmX- p-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®pw

KpWsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-amWv ][m-\-ambpw Xcw-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

tkmX- p-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v Chsb Xmsg ]d-bp∂ coXn-bn¬ Xcw-Xn-

cn-°mw.

1. Km¿lnI amen-\y-ßƒ

2. am¿°‰v amen-\y-ßƒ

3. Bip-]Xn amen-\y-ßƒ

4. hyh-kmb amen-\y-ßƒ

KpWsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am°n Xmsg ]d-bp∂ coXn-bnepw Xcw-Xn-cn-°mw.

1. ssPh- am-en-\y-ßƒ (Bio degradable)

2. BssP-h- am-en-\y-ßƒ (Non Bio degradable)

]®-°dn, a’yw, amwkw XpS-ßn-bh ssPh-am-en-\y-ßfm-Wv. Ch

aÆn¬ hoWm¬ s]s´∂v Po¿Æn-°p-Ibpw aÆn-e-en™v hf-ambnXocp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F∂m¬ hnhn-[-Xcw Ip∏n-Iƒ, XpWn-Iƒ, XIcw

XpS-ßnb AssPh ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ FX-Imew aÆn¬ InS-∂mepw am‰-

sam∂pw kw`-hn-°-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v AssPh amen-\y-ßƒ ]tXy-

In®v πmÃn-Iv, Ce-IvtSm-WnIv thÃv, Ip∏n-Iƒ F∂nh ]tXyIw

]tXyIw tiJ-cn-°p-Ibpw kq£va-ambn ssIImcyw sNtø-≠-Xp-am-

Wv. Ch-bn¬ NneXv hnj-a-b-amb ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ \nd-™-h-bm-b-Xn-

\m¬ (toxic waste) ssIImcyw sNøp-tºmƒ IqSp-X¬ i≤n-t°-≠n-

bn-cn-°p-∂p.

temI- nÂ BI-am\w Iym³kÀ tcmKw ]nSn-s]-«-h-cpsSF®w 127 e£-am-Wv. 72 e£w t]cmWv acn- -Xv. Pohn-X-

ssi-en-bn-epÅ amä-am-WsX apJy-Im-c-Ww.

°p-∂p. C]-Im-c-ap≈ hntI-µo-Ir-X-ambn amen\yw \n¿Ωm¿÷\w

sNøp-∂-Xp-hgn amen\y ]iv\-Øn\v imiz-X-amb ]cn-lmcw ImWm≥

\ap-°m-Ipw.


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Xmsg \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ Nm¿´v i≤n-°p-I. hnhn[ amen-\y-ßƒ

hnL-Sn-°m≥ FSp-°p∂ Ime-b-fhv a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ Ah ]cn-ÿn-

Xn°v hcp-Øp∂ BLm-Xhpw Xcw-Xn-cn®v tiJ-cn-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-

iyhpw \ap°v a\- n-em-Ipw. Hm¿°pI \mw C∂v \n m-c-sa∂v IcpXn

sNøp∂ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ°v \mfsØ Xe-apd sImSp-t°≠n hcp∂ hne

hfsc hep-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

AssP-h-am-en\yw

XpWn-Iƒ, πmÃn-Iv, t]∏¿, Ip∏n-Iƒ,

•m p-Iƒ, Ce-IvtSm-Wnkv thÃv

tSmIvknIv thÃv, teml-ßƒ

amen-\y-ßƒ

ssPh-am-en\yw

]gw, ]®-°-dn,

amwkw, apX-em-bh

\º¿\º¿\º¿\º¿\º¿ ]Zm¿∞w]Zm¿∞w]Zm¿∞w]Zm¿∞w]Zm¿∞w hnL-S\ Ime-b-fhvhnL-S\ Ime-b-fhvhnL-S\ Ime-b-fhvhnL-S\ Ime-b-fhvhnL-S\ Ime-b-fhv

1. ]g-sØmen 2˛10 Znhkw

2. ]g-¥pWn 1˛5 amkw

3. t]∏¿ 2˛5 amkw

4. Ib¿ 3˛14 Znhkw

5. Iºnfn tkmIvkv 1˛5 h¿jw

6. sSSm-]mIv (t]-∏¿ tπ‰v) 5 h¿jw

7. seX¿ jqkv 25-˛40 h¿jw

8. ss\tem¨ ss^_¿ 3˛40 h¿jw

9. Sn≥ Iym\p-Iƒ 50-˛100 h¿jw

10. Aeq-an-\nbw Iym≥ 80-˛100 h¿jw

11. πmÃvIv dnwKvkv 450 h¿jw

12. Ub-∏¿ & \m]vIn≥kv 500-˛800 h¿jw

13. πmÃnIv t_m´n¬ hnL-Sn-°p-∂n√

D]-tbmKw ID]-tbmKw ID]-tbmKw ID]-tbmKw ID]-tbmKw Ipd-bv¡p-I, ]p\-cp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I,pd-bv¡p-I, ]p\-cp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I,pd-bv¡p-I, ]p\-cp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I,pd-bv¡p-I, ]p\-cp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I,pd-bv¡p-I, ]p\-cp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I,]p\-Nw-I-aWw s]p\-Nw-I-aWw s]p\-Nw-I-aWw s]p\-Nw-I-aWw s]p\-Nw-I-aWw sN¿p-I...N¿p-I...N¿p-I...N¿p-I...N¿p-I...

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Ip∏n-Iƒ \nd-a-\p-k-cn-®pw, t]∏-dp-Iƒ ˛ \yqkv t]∏¿, I´n-t]-

∏¿, sh≈°S-emkv F∂o hn[-Øn-epw th¿Xn-cn®v tiJcn°mhp-∂-

Xm-Wv.

asÆÆ Iym≥, s]tSmƒ Iym≥, _m‰-dn, ip≤o-I-cW emb-I-

ßƒ, t^mt´m-Km- nIv hkvXp-°ƒ, D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-amb _ƒ_p-Iƒ,

Syq_vsse‰p-Iƒ, sa¿°pdn Dev]-∂-ßƒ, C≥P-£≥ kqNn, kndn-

©v, Imem-h[n Ign™ acp-∂v, km\n-´dn S∆-ep-Iƒ, tcmKn-Iƒ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]mSp-Iƒ apX-em-bh A]-I-S-I-c-amb ]mgvhkvXp-°ƒ

\n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNtø-≠-Xn\v \n¿t±-in-®n-cn-°p∂ kpc-£n-X-amb

am¿§-ßƒ Ah-ew-_n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

C]-Imcw Xcw-Xn-cn®v tiJ-cn-°p∂ amen-\y-ßƒ XpS¿∂v hnh-cn-

°p∂ ]Imcw A\p-tbm-Py-amb kmt¶-XnIhnZy D]-tbm-Kn®v tkmX-

p-I-fn¬ sh®p-Xs∂ \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

πmÃnIv hkvXp-°ƒ

hnL-S-\-Øn\v G‰hpw Ime-Xm-a-k-sa-Sp-°p-∂Xpw ]Ir-Xnsb

hfsc tZmj-I-c-ambn _m[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ amen-\y-amWv πmÃn-

Iv. πmÃn-°ns‚ D]-tbmKw Ipd-bv°p-I, ]p\-cp-]-tbmKw t]m’m-

ln-∏n-°pI F∂o Imcy-ßƒ°mWv \mw ap≥K-W\ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. 30 ssatIm-Wn¬ Xmsg-bp≈ πmÃnIv hkvXp-°ƒ \ntcm-[n-

®n-´p-≈Xpw AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv Ip‰-I-c-hp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p

Xs∂ "πmÃn-°n-t\mSv hnS' F∂ apZm-hmIyw \ap°v G‰hpw A`n-

Im-ay-am-bn-cn°p-∂p.

Xcw-Xn-cn-®p≈ tiJ-c-W-Øn\v km[m-c-W-bmbn hnhn[ \nd-ß-fn-

ep≈ _°‰v/]mX-ß-fmWv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dv. ]®, \oe, Nph∏v F∂o

]mX-ßƒ bYm-Iaw ssPh-]-Zm¿∞-ßƒ, AssP-h-]-Zm¿∞-ßƒ,

tSmIvknIv amen-\y-ßƒ F∂nh \nt£-]n-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

AssPh ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ Xcw-Xn-cn®v tiJ-cn-°p-∂Xv IqSp-X¬ ]tbm-

P-\-]-Z-am-bn-cn-°pw.

GREEN

ssPh

]-Zm¿∞-ßƒ

RED

tSmIvknIv

]Zm¿∞-ßƒ

BLUE

XpWn-Iƒ, t]∏¿, πmÃnIv,

Ip∏n-Iƒ, teml-ßƒ, a‰p-≈h


8

\mw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ πmÃnIv hkvXp-°-fn¬ πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ

Hgn®v _m°n F√mw Xs∂ ]p\x-Nw-I-aWw hgn ]pXnb Dev]-∂-ß-

fm°n am‰m≥ Ign-bpw. Sm¿ \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pw ]p\x-Nw-I-aW πmÃn-

°p-Iƒ XpSßn hnhn-[-ß-fmb Bh-iy-ßƒ°v KpW-\n-e-hm-c-ap≈

πmÃnIv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ ]p\xNw-I-aW ]Inb

Hmtcm XhW sNøp-tºmgpw AXn¬ \n∂p≈ Dev]-∂-ß-fpsS KpW-

\n-e-hmcw Ipd-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. CØ-c-Øn¬ πmÃnIv ]p\x-Nw-

IWw \S-Øp∂ hyh-km-b-ßƒ tIc-f-Ønepw Ab¬ kwÿm-\-

ß-fn¬ D≈-Xp-sIm≠v Cu πmÃnIv amen-\y-ßƒ \ap-°-hnsS FØn-

°m-\m-°pw.

CXn-\mbn Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ i≤n-°pI:

1. πmÃnIv Ip∏n-Iƒ/]mX-ßƒ Ahn-S-hnsS hen-s®-dn-bmsX Hcp

]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.

2. πmÃnIv tiJ-cn-°p-∂-h¿ As√-¶n¬ "πmÃnIv jU¿' \nßsf

kao-]n-°p-tºmƒ CXv Ahsc Gev]n-°p-I.

hrØn-bm-bn-´p≈ πmÃnIv amX-amWv ]p\x-Nw-I-a-W-Øn\v D]-

tbm-Kn-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ Bh-iy-°m-cpsS

\n¿t±-i-a-\p-k-cn®v Ah \¬In-bm¬ IqSp-X¬ kuI-cy-]-Zhpw em`-

I-c-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

(a) πmÃnIv jU¿

πmÃnIv hkvXp-°ƒ s]mSn-°p-∂-

Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp D]-I-c-Ww

As√-¶n¬ kmt¶-Xn -I-hn -Zy -bmWv

jU¿. πmÃnIv hkvXp-°ƒ hrØn-

bm°n Cu D]-I-c-W-Øn-en-´m¬ AXv

s]mSn-bmbn tiJ-cn-°m≥ km[n-°pw.

Cu s]mSn tdmUv Smdnw-Kv, ]p\x-N-aWw

hyh-kmbw XpS-ßnb Bh-iy-ßƒ°v

D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\m-hpw. s]mSn-t°≠

πmÃn-°ns‚ Af-h-\p-k-cn®v hnhn[

hen-∏-Øn-ep≈ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ e`y-am-

Wv. CØcw bqWn-‰p-Iƒ sNdp-InS hyh-km-b-ß-fmbn Bcw-`n-°m≥

km[n-°pw. C]-Imcw 2 bqWn-‰p-Iƒ \ΩpsS ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bn¬

Ct∏mƒ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]p\x-Nw-I-aW bqWn-‰p-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-

tºmƒ AXn¬ \n∂p-≠m-Im≥ CS-bp≈ ae-\o-I-cWw Hgn-hm-°m-\p≈

kwhn-[m\w D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

9


(b) πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ (Carry bags)G‰hpw A]-I-S-Im-cn-bmb amen-\y-amWv πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ.. Ch

iey-am-Ip-∂Xv aÆn\pw a\p-jy\pw amX-a√ arK-ßƒ°pw Pe-Po-h-Pm-

e-ßƒ°pw CXv tZmj-I-c-ambn Xocp-∂p. πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ aqew \nc-

h[n P¥p-Po-h-Pm-e-ß-fmWv \nc-¥cw NsØm-Sp-ßn-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂-Xv.

πmÃnIv IØn-°p-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ "Utbm-Ivkn≥' (dioxin) F∂ I-SpØ

hnjw amc-I-amb tcmK-ßƒ hnfn®p hcp-Øp-∂p. AXp--sIm≠v Xs∂

Ch-bpsS D]-tbmKw ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw \ntcm-[n-®n- p-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p.

F∂n-cp-∂m¬ Xt∂bpw I\w Ipd™ hnhn[ \nd-Øn-ep≈

πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ [mcm-f-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h-cmWv \mw. CØcw

Ih-dp-Iƒ D]-tbmKw Ign™v Ae-£y-ambn hen-s®-dn-bm-dmWv ]Xn-

hv. Ch aÆn¬ InS-∂m¬ FX Imew Ign-™mepw Hcp am‰hpw

kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-√. CXp aqew aÆns‚ ^e-`q-bn-jvSX Ipd-bp-Ibpw

aÆn-\-Sn-bn-te-°p≈ \oscm-gp°v Ipd-bp-Ibpw sNøm≥ CS-bm-Ipw.

L´w L´-ambn πmÃn-°n-t\mSv hnS ]d-bpI F∂-XmWv CXn\v

GI ]cn-lm-cw. CXn-\mbn Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ \ap°v sNøm-

\m-Ipw.

1. πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.

2. t]∏¿ _mKv, XpWn/NW k©n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. IS-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

a‰pw km[-\-ßƒ hmßp-tºmƒ \n¿∫-‘-ambn CXv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I.

3. Hcp ]mhiyw D]-tbm-Kn® Ih-dp-Iƒ Xs∂ ho≠pw ho≠pw D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-I. AXp-hgn Ch-bpsS FÆw KWy-ambn Ipd-bv°m≥

BIpw.

4. ]IrXn kulr-Z- Dev]∂ßƒ, _mKp-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh \n¿Ωn-

°p∂ sNdp-InS bqWn-‰p-Iƒ, IpSpw-_-io, kzbw klmb kwL-

ßƒ, k∂-≤-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Bcw-`n-

°p-I.

5. s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ, Bip-]-Xn-Iƒ, hnZym-`ymk ÿm]-\-ßƒ,

hnhn[ Hm^o-kp-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-ßƒ Ch πmÃnIv \ntcm-[nX taJ-

e-bm-°p-I.

]p\x-Nw-I-aW πmÃnIv (Recycled plastic) Iymcn-_m-Kv, Is≠-bv\¿

F∂nhbpsS \n¿Ωm-Whpw D]-tbm-Khpw kw_-‘n®v tIµ-k¿°m¿

N -ßƒ Bhn-jv°-cn®v hn⁄m-]\w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n- p-≠v. ]p\x-Nw-I-

a-Whpw \n¿Ωm-Whpw kw_-‘n® N -ß-fpsS \S-Øn-∏ns‚ A[n-Imcw

kwÿm\ aen-\o-I-cW \nb-¥W t_m¿Un-\mWv. hnt«-j-Ww, hn\n-

a-bw, hnIbw F∂n-h-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Pn√m Ie-IvS-dmWv A[n-Im-


10

πmÃnIv F∂ A]-I-S-Imcn

cn. `£y-h-kvXp-°ƒ tiJ-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn\pw

]I¿∂v \¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw s]mXn-bp-∂-Xn\pw ]p\x-Nw-I-aW πmÃnIv

_mKp-Itfm Is≠-bn-\-dp-Itfm D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]mSn-√.

πmÃnIv ]p\x-Nw-I-aWw \S-tØ-≠-Xv _yqtdm Hm^v C¥y≥

Ãm≥tU¿Uns‚ am¿§-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ ]Im-c-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. A]-Im-

c-ap≈ Dev]-∂-ß-fn¬ "dnssk-°nƒUv' F∂ AS-bmfw D≠m-bn-cn-°-

Ww. ]p\x-Nw-I-aWw \S-Ønb hkvXp-hns‚ iXam\hpw ImWn-°-

Ww. kz`m-hnI πmÃn-°mtWm ]p\x-Nw-I-aW πmÃn-°mtWm F∂v

Hmtcm ]mbv°-‰nepw hy‡-ambn A®-Sn-°-Ww. Iymcn-_m-Kp-I-fpsS

I\w 30 ssatIm-Wn¬ Ipd-bm≥ ]mSn-√.

11


(c) Ip∏n, •mkv apX-em-bh

hnhn-[-bn\w Ip∏n-Iƒ, •mkv ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ F∂nh ]p\x-N-I-aWw

\SØn ]pXnb DXv]-∂-ß-fm-°p-∂p-≠v. \ΩpsS kao] ]tZ-iØv

Xs∂ CØcw Hcp henb hyh-kmbime ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu

]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G‰hpw ][m\w •m p-Iƒ \ndw A\p-k-cn®v Xcw

Xncn-°pI F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. Ip∏v, •mkv apX-em-bh tiJ-cn-°p-hm≥

\ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-h¿ \nßsf kao-]n-°p-tºmƒ kuI-cy-ambn CXv

\¬Im-\m-Ipw.

(d) XIcw/teml-h-kvXp-°ƒ

πmÃn°pw Ip∏nbpw t]mseXs∂ Chbpw ]p\x-Nw-I-aW ]In-

b-bn-eqsS ho≠pw ]pXnb Dev]-∂-ß-fm°n am‰p-hm≥ km[n-°pw. Cu

]h¿Ø\w \S-Øp∂ sNdnb bqWn-‰p-Iƒ tIc-f-Øn¬ ]e-bn-S-ß-

fn-ep-≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Ch ]tXy-I-ambn th¿Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw

tiJ-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v ssIam-dp-Ibpw sNøp-I.

(e) IS-em- p-Iƒ/Iń-°-S-em- p-Iƒ

A®-Sn-ajn ]pc-fmØ F√m-Øcw IS-em- p-I-fDw ]tXy-In®v Iń-

°-S-em- p-Iƒ ]p\x-Nw-I-aWw hgn ]pXnb Dev]-∂-ß-fm°n am‰p∂

]Inb \ne-hn-ep-≠v. CXp IqSmsX IS-emkv Ah-in-jvS-ßsf

]ƒ∏m°n am‰n Ah D]-tbm-Kn®v hnhn-[-Xcw tamU-ep-Iƒ, ]mh-Iƒ

XpSßn ]e hkvXp-°fpw \n¿Ωn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°pw. t]∏¿ _mKv

\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v \yqkv t]∏¿ apX-emb A®-Sn-ajn ]pc≠ t]∏¿

[mcm-f-ambn Bh-iy-ambn hcpw. CØcw Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ D≠m-Ip∂

hoSp-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-ßƒ, Hmô-kp-Iƒ, kvIqfp-Iƒ F∂nh t]∏¿

IrXy-ambn Xcw-Xn-cn®v kq£n-®m¬ tiJ-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v ]bmkw

IqSmsX hn¬°m≥ BIpw. Hm¿°pI \mw hmbn-°p∂ Hmtcm _p°pw

Hcn-°¬ Hcp ac-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠p Xs∂ h\-\-io-I-c-W-Øn\v

B°w Iq´p∂ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂-Xn\pw \Ωm¬ Bhpw-hn[w ian-°p-I. hn`-h-ßƒ kq£va-ambpw

I≠-dn™pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. ]mgm-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.

(f) Ub-∏¿/\m]vIn≥ apX-em-bh

Ub-∏¿, \m]vIn≥ t]mep-≈h hnL-S-\-Øn\v hfsc Ime-Xm-akw

FSp-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ CØcw sNdnb hkvXp-°ƒ

\n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v km[m-c-W-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv

C≥kn-\-td-‰¿ BWv. CXv D]-tbm-Kn®v CØcw amen-\y-ßƒ A]-I-

S-c-ln-X-ambn \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøm\mIpw. ]g-b-Xp-Wn-Ifpw a‰pw kpc-


12

£n-X-ambn IØn-®p-I-f-bp-I. C≥kn-\-td-‰-dn-s\- Ip-dn-®p≈ hnh-c-ßƒ

Xmsg sImSp-°p-∂p.

C≥kn-\-td-t‰gvkv

(g) tSmIvknIv thÃv

][m-\-ambpw Bip-]-Xn, em_v, ]co-£-W-im-e-Iƒ, hyh-km-b-

im-e-Iƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-emWv hnj-a-b-amb amen-\y-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂-

Xv. _ƒ_v, _m‰-dn, sImXp-Ip-Xn-cn, IoS-\m-in-\n-Iƒ, D]-tbm-Kn®p

_m°n-h∂ acp-∂p-Ip-∏n-Iƒ XpS-ßnb A]-I-S-I-c-am-tb-°m-hp∂

Km¿lnI amen-\y-ßƒ kpc-£n-X-amb kw`-cWn Is≠Øn \nt£-

]n®v Ip´n-Iƒ°v FSp-°m-\m-ImØ ÿeØv kq£n-°p-I. t\csØ

kqNn-∏n® Nph∂ _°‰v AXn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. A]-ISw D≠m-

°p-∂Xpw ]p\-cp-]-tbmKw km[y-a-√m-Ø-Xp-amb amen-\y-ßƒ kpc-

£nX Ad-I-fn¬ \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNø-Ww.

aen-\-Pew

Kpcp-X-c-amb amen\y ]iv\-ßƒ D≠m-°p∂ H∂mWv aen-\-P-

ew. hyh-kmbime-I-fn¬ \n∂pw tlm´-ep-I-fn¬ \n∂p-sa√mw Pe-

tkm-X- p-I-fn-te°v aen-\-Pew Hgp-Ip-∂Xv \nc-h[n ]mcn-ÿn-XnI

]iv\-ßƒ D≠m-°p-∂p. Hcp en‰¿ aen-\-Pew F´v en‰¿ ip≤-P-

esØ aen-\-am-°p-sa-∂mWv IW-°p-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. amX-a-√,

Pe-tkm-X- n¬ Jc-am-en-\y-ßƒ \nt£-]n-°p∂ A]-I-S-I-c-amb

ioew Zqc-hym-]-I-amb ]cn-ÿnXn ]iv\-ßƒ°v Imc-W-am-Ipw. CXv

hnhn[ Bh-iy-ßƒ°v Pe-tkm-X- p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿°pw

P¥p-Pm-e-ßƒ°p-sa√mw hfsc `bm-\-I-amb tZmj-ßƒ D≠m-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

AXp-sIm≠p Xs∂ aen-\-Pew ]pd-¥-≈p-∂-Xn\p apºv A\p-tbm-

Py-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy D]-tbm-Kn®v Ah ip≤-am-°p-I. km[m-c-W-

bmbn sNdnb ÿm]-\-ßƒ°pw hoSp-Iƒ°pw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]‰p∂

coXn-bn-emWv "sImb¿]nØv'. aen-\-P-e-Øns‚ Af-h-\p-k-cn®v Bh-

iy-amb Ipgn-sb-SpØv AXn¬ DW-ßnb NIn-cn-\m-tcm hbvt°m¬/

Ad-°-s∏mSn F∂-htbm \nd-bv°p-I. XpS¿∂v aen-\-Pew AXn-te°v

Hgn-°p-I. _tbm-Kymkv kmt¶-XnI hnZy Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc D]-tbm-K-

13


s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ henb ÿm]-\-ßƒ°v Peip≤o-I-

cW kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ Bh-iy-ambn hcpw. aen-\-P-e-Øns‚ Af-h-\p-

k-cn®v hnhn[ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ AXn-\mbn D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Ømw.

tkmIv]n‰v

Hcp ao‰¿ ka-N-Xp-c-Ønepw Hcp ao‰¿ Bg-Øn-ep-ap≈ Hcp Ipgn-

bn¬ ]e ASp-°p-I-fmbn CjvSnI Icn-¶¬ Ij-W-ßƒ, Nc¬, ]cp-

°≥ aW¬ F∂nh \nd®v Hcp kwhn-[m\w cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-I. ho´nse

aen-\-Pew CXn-te°v Hgp-°n-hn-Smw. FÆbpw sImgp∏pw a‰v Jc-]-

Zm¿∞-ßfpw sIm≠v AS-bp-tºmƒ tkmIv]n-‰n¬ \n∂v sh≈w aÆn-

te°v Acn-®n-d-ß-Xm-Ipw. Cu L´-Øn¬ Ipgn-bn¬ \nd-®n-cp∂ km[-

\-ßƒ ]pd-sØ-SpØv hrØn-bm°n ho≠pw Ipgn-bn-en-SWw aÆns‚

BKn-c-W-ti-jn°v A\p-k-cn®v c≠p h¿jw apX¬ A©p h¿jw

hsc CXv D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.

km\n- dn thÃv

tkmX- p-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v Zh-am-en-\y-ßsf \ap°v c≠mbn Xncn-°mw.

1. tK hm´¿

2. ªm°v hm´¿

tK hm´¿

ASp-°-f, Ipfn-ap-dn, Ae-°v, arK-ßsf Ipfn-∏n-°¬, hmjvt_-k-

\p-Iƒ XpS-ßnb tkmX- p-I-fn¬ \n∂mWv ]m[m-\-ambpw tK hm´¿

D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. \mw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ PeØns‚ 80% CXm-Wv.

Ib¿ ]n™v, tkm°v]n-‰p-Iƒ, IrXna \o¿Ø-S-ßƒ, sk]v‰nIv

Sm¶p-Iƒ F∂nh hgn Cu Zh amen-\y-ßsf \ap°v kwkv°-cn-°m-

\m-Ipw.

ÿm]-\-ßƒ, tImf-\n-Iƒ, hyh-km-b-im-e-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh

h¿≤n® Af-hn¬ aen-\-Pew DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬ \n¿Ωn-

°m-hp∂ kwhn-[m-\-amWv IrXna \o¿Ø-S-ßƒ. aen-\-P-esØ ASn-

bn-°-en\v hnt[-b-am°n AXnse Jc-]-Zm¿∞-ßsf \o°w sNøp∂

]In-b-bm-Wn-Xv. aW¬/Nc¬ \nd® Acn-∏-bn-eqsS Cu aen-\-Pew


14

IS-Øn-hn v IrXna Pe-tkm-X- n-te°v Ch FØn-°p-I. aen-\-P-e-

Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ t]mj-W-ßsf kq£va-Po-hn-I-fpsS

]h¿Ø\ ê-ambn \o°w sNøp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. kq£va-Po-hn-I-fpw,

hmg, ssIX, Im\, Im´p-tN-ºv, ]p√p-Iƒ F∂nh \´p-]n-Sn-∏n® tkmX-

m-bn-cn-°Ww CXv. Cu IrXna tkmX- n-te°v Jc-am-en-\y-ßƒ

\nt£-]n-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w then-sIń kwc-£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. cmk-

am-en-\y-ßƒ Ie-cmØ Pew sk]v‰n-IvSm-¶n¬ Hgp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ªm°v hm´¿ (Brown water, foul water, sewage)

a\p-jy-hn-k¿Pyw Ie¿∂ I°q-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw aqX-∏p-c-I-fn¬

\n∂p-sa√mw ]pd-¥-≈p∂ aen-\-P-e-amWv ªm°v hm´¿. aen\Pe-

Øn¬ 20%˛Hmfw ªm°v hm´¿ Bbn-cn-°pw. a™-]n-Øw, tImf-d,

hb-dn-f°w XpSßn hnhn[ _mIvSo-cnb/sshd¬ tcmK-ap-≈-htcm

CØcw tcmK-hm-l-Itcm Bb-h-cpsS hnk¿Py-Øn¬ tcmKm-Wp-°ƒ

(]m-tXm-P-\p-Iƒ) D≠m-Ipw. CXv hnhn[ Pe-P\y tcmK-ßƒ°v Imc-

W-am-Ipw. AXp-sIm≠p Xs∂ ªm°v hm´¿ ip≤-P-e-tkm-X- p-I-

fn¬ Ie-cmsX ]n‰v emSn-\p-Iƒ, tkm°v]n‰v emSn-\p-Iƒ, Ct°m-

tkm¨ emSn-\p-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn-te°v Hgp-°p-Itbm s]mXp-ko-thPv

kwhn-[m-\hpw kwkv°-c-W-im-ebpw ÿm]n®v ip≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

]n‰v emSn-\p-Iƒ

hnk¿Pyw ]IrXym Po¿Æn®v aÆn-te°v ebn-°p∂ coXn-bm-Wn-

Xv. Ipgn-bpsS hi-ßƒ CSn™v XI-cm-Xn-cn-°m≥ CS-hn´v sI´p∂

CjvSnI`nØn-tbmSv IqSn GI-tZiw Hcp ao‰¿ XmgvNbpw AX Xs∂

hymk-ap≈ hrØm-Ir-Xn-bntem ka-N-Xp-cm-Ir-Xn-bntem D≈ Ipgn-I-

fmWv \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xv. `qK¿`-Pew aen-\-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ ASn-hiw

tImÏo‰v sNøp-∂tXm CjvSnI ]mIp-∂tXm \√-Xm-Wv. Ch hoSp-

I-fn-emWv km[m-c-W-bmbn \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xv. InW-dn¬ \n∂v Ipd-™Xv

15 ao‰¿ F¶nepw AI-e-Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww CXv \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xv.

Ct°m-tkm¨ tSmbve‰v

a\p-jy-hn-k¿PysØ hf-am°n am‰m-\p≈ \qX\ Bi-b-Øn¬

\n∂mWv Ct°m-f-Pn-°m¿ km\n-t´-j≥ F∂-Xns‚ Npcp-°-t∏-cmb

Ct°m-tkm¨ cq]-s∏-´-Xv. imkvXo-b-ambn ]p\-cp-]-tbmKw sNøm-

\mbn a\p-jy-a-ehpw aqXhpw XΩn¬ Ie-cmsXbpw sh≈w

tNcmsX Xcw-Xn-cn®v kw`-cn-°m-\p≈ kuI-cy-amWv CXns‚ ]tXy-

I-X. tiJ-cn® hnk¿Pyw Itºm-Ãm°n am‰p-Ibpw sNømw. aqXhpw

15


Igp-Ip∂ Pehpw tkm°v]n‰v hgn \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNø-s∏-Spw. sh´-

s°-´p≈ ÿe-ß-fnepw Pew Ipd-hp≈ ÿe-ß-fnepw CXv hfsc

tbmPn-®-Xm-Wv.

ssPhamen\y kwkv°-cWw

ssIImcyw sNøm≥ IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿Æ-X-Iƒ Cs√-¶nepw \ΩpsS

Ai-≤-sIm≠v Ht´sd ]cn-ÿnXn BtcmKy ]iv\-ßƒ°v CS-bm-

°p-∂-h-bmWv ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ. Ch Ai-≤-ambn Ahn-S-hnsS hen-

s®-dn-bp-Ibpw Iq´n-bn-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-aqew No™-fn-bp-Ibpw

Zp¿K‘w han-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. amX-a-√, Cu®, sImXp-Iv, Fen

F∂n-h-bpsS hnlm-c-tI-µ-ß-fmbn amdp∂ Ch \nc-h[n kmwI-anI

tcmK-ßƒ°v CS-bm-°p∂p. ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ No™v Ah-bn¬

\n∂v In\n-™n-d-ßp∂ sh≈w IpSn-sh-≈-tkm-X- p-I-tfbpw Pem-

i-b-ß-tfbpw aen\am°p-∂p. ag-°mew BIp-tºm-gmWv Cu ]iv\w

IqSp-X¬ Kpcp-X-c-am-Ip-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬ CØcw amen-\y-ßsf imkvXo-b-ambn kwkv°-cn-°p-

∂-Xn\v \nc-h[n kmt¶-XnI hnZy-Iƒ \ne-hn-ep-≠v. km[m-c-W-bmbn

ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ kwkv°-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]cs° D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-

Øp∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bmWv Itºm-Ãnw-Kv. Cu kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy

amen\yw kwkv°-cn-°p∂p F∂p amX-a√ Ah ssPh-h-f-ß-fm°n

am‰p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu ssPh-hfw Irjn Bh-iy-ßƒ, ]qt¥m-

´w, ASp-°-f-tØm´w XpSßn hnhn[ Bh-iy-ßƒ°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂Xp aqew aÆns‚ ^e-`q-bnjvSn \ne-\n¿Øm\pw km[n-°p-∂p.

ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xn\v \ne-hn-ep-≈Xpw

A\p-tbm-Py-hp-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ Xmsg hnh-cn-°p-∂p.

1. km[m-cW Itºm-ÃnwKv

aÆn¬ Ipgn-sb-SpØv aen-\-h-kvXp-°ƒ AXn¬ \nt£-]n-°p∂

coXn-bm-Wn-Xv. C]-Imcw ct≠m aqt∂m Ipgn-Iƒ Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw

hen-∏-Øn\v \n¿Ωn-°p-I. ASn-bn¬ Hcp eb¿ NIn-cntbm hbvt°mtem

\nc-Øn-b-tijw ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ Ipgn-bn¬ \nt£-]n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-

Wv. amen-\y-ßƒ \nt£-]n-®-Xn-\p-tijw Ah Ipd®v NmWIw

sImt≠m aÆp-sImt≠m hrØn-bmbn aqSp-I. C]-Imcw B Ipgn

\nd-bp-∂-Xp-hsc XpS-cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 90-˛120 Znh-k-ßƒ°p-≈n¬ Ch

]q¿Æ-ambpw ItºmÃv hf-ambn amdp-∂p. Cu CS-th-f-bn¬ a‰p Ipgn-

Iƒ amen-\y-\n-t£-]-Øn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.


16

_tbm-Kymkv

_tbm-sa-Ø-t\-j≥ F∂ ]In-b-bn-eqsS ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ

_tbm-Kym-kmbpw ssPh-h-f-ambpw am‰m-\m-Ipw. hmbp-k-º¿°-an-√mØ

Ah-ÿ-bn¬ _mIvSo-cn-b-bpsS klm-b-Øm¬ ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ

Agp-Ip-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv _tbmKym-kv. HmIvkn-Ps‚ Akm-∂n-

≤y-Øn¬ _mIvSo-cnb ]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ D≠m-Ip∂ Cu Kymkn¬

aossY-\mWv ][m-\-ambpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hm^o-kp-Iƒ, henb

tlm´-ep-Iƒ, hoSp-Iƒ, IeymW aWvU-]-ßƒ XpSßn an°-bn-S-ß-

fnepw ^e-]-Z-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bm-Wn-Xv.

amen-\y-Øns‚ Af-h-\p-k-cn®v FX henb _tbm-Kymkv πm‚ v

thW-sa-¶nepw \n¿Ωn-°mw. nIvk-Uv, t]m¿ -_nƒ F∂n-ßs\ c≠p

hn[-Øn¬ πm‚p-Iƒ \ne-hn-ep-≠v. a’yw ]®-°dn Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ

]£n-I-fp-sSbpw arK-ß-fp-sSbpw hnk¿Pyw F∂nh _tbm-Kymkv

πm‚n¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. henb Af-hn¬ amen-\y-ßƒ D≠m-

Ip∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Agp°v amen-\y-ßƒ tiJ-cn®v _tbm-

Kymkv πm‚n¬ FØn®pw _tbm-Kymkv \n¿Ωn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu

amen-\y-ßƒ amen\y kwkv°-cW πm‚n¬ amen-\y-ßƒ \nt£-]n-

t°≠ Ad-bn¬ Hgn®v sImSp-°p-I. πm‚n¬ FØp∂ amen-\y-ßsf

kq£vam-Wp-Po-hn-Iƒ hnL-Sn∏n®v ]mN-I-hm-X-Ihpw ssPh-h-f-hp-ambn

am‰p-∂p. πm‚n¬ Xs∂ tiJ-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]mN-I-hm-XIw AXn¬

LSn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ ss]∏vsse≥ hgn Kymkv Ãuhn¬ FØn-t®-cp-

∂p. CXv ]mN-I-hm-X-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. IqSp-X¬ Af-hn¬ Hgp-

Ip∂ amen-\y-ßƒ Ds≠-¶n¬ AXn¬ \n∂v sshZyp-Xnbpw DXv]m-Zn-

∏n-°mw. sa‰¬, πmÃn-Iv, hmg-bn-e, t]∏¿, NqSp-sh-≈w, NqSp≈ km[-

\-ßƒ, \mc-ß, Hmd©v sXm≠v, ap´-tØm-Sv, tkm∏v, cmk-]-Zm¿∞-

ßƒ, ]£n-Øq-h¬, F√v, Nmcw, NIn-cn, Nnc´, teml-ßƒ XpS-ßn-

bh Ch-bn¬ \nt£-]n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu kmt¶-

Xn-I-hnZy D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v 50% hsc k_vknUn e`n-°p-∂p.

ÿe-°p-d-hp-≈-h¿°v kuI-cy-]Zw sSd- n\p apI-fn¬ hbv°m-hp∂

t]m¿´-_nƒ _tbm-Kymkv πm‚pw \ne-hn-ep-≠v. πm‚ns‚ hen-∏-a-\p-

k-cn®v 6000 cq] apX¬ apI-fn-te°v sNehv hcp∂ kmt¶-XnI hnZy-

Iƒ CXn-\mbn ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Ømw.

aÆnc Itºm-ÃnMv (Veimi Composting)4-0˛45 Znhk Ime-b-f-hn-\p-≈n¬ ssPh-am-en-\y-ßsf ItºmÃv

hf-am°n am‰m≥ DX-Ip∂ Hcp coXn-bmWv aÆnc Itºm-Ãn-Mv.

t\csØ kqNn-∏n® coXn-bn¬ Ipgn-bntem _n∂p-I-fntem aen-\-h-

17


kvXp-°ƒ C´v Ah-bn¬ CXn-\mbn ]tXyIw k÷-am-°n-bn-´p≈

aÆn-c-Isf \nt£-]n®v ItºmÃv hf-ap-≠m-°p∂ coXn-bm-Wn-Xv. aen\

hkvXp-°sf Iq\-bm°n 10-˛15 Znhkw C´-Xn\p tijw, `mKo-I-ambn

No™-fn™ aen-\-h-kvXp-°-fn-te°v aÆn-c-Isf \nt£-]n-°p-∂-

XmWv G‰hpw DØ-aw.

ÿe ]cn-anXn A\p-k-cn®v Ipgn-sb-SpØ s]ń, Nń F∂n-htbm

CXn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. 1 ao‰¿ \ofhpw 0.5 ao‰¿ hoXnbpw 0.3

ao‰¿ Bg-hp-ap≈ Ipgn \n¿Ωn-°p-I. Ipgn-bpsS ASn-bnse aÆv \√-

Xp-t]mse ASn®v Dd-∏n-®-tijw Hcp hcn tXß-bpsS NIncn hncn-

°p-I. CXv sh≈-s°´v XS-bm≥ klm-bn-°pw. CXn-te°v F√m

ssPh-am-en-\y-ßfpw \nt£-]n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv (a-Æn-cbv°v tZmj-I-c-

am-Ip∂ Aæ-Xz-ap-≈Xpw NqSp-≈-Xp-amb ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°p-I).

3˛4 Znh-k-Øn\p tijw 200-˛250 aÆn-c-Isf CXn¬ \nt£-]n-°p-I.

aen\ hkvXp-°ƒ Ipgn-bpsS apI-fn¬ \n∂pw Hc-Sn-tbmfw Db-c-Øn¬

hsc CSmw. th\¬°m-eØv Hme, \\™ Nm°v F∂n-h-sIm≠v

aqSp-Ibpw sNdp-Xmbn sh≈w Xfn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv

NqSns‚ ImTn\yw Ipd-bv°m≥ klm-bn-°pw. Ce HmesIm≠v aqSp-

Ibpw Iºn-then sh®v ad-bv°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv NqSv Ipd-bv°p-hm\pw

Fen-ieyw C√m-Xm-°p-hm\pw klm-bn-°pw. ag-°m-eØv aÆn-Sn-®n¬

Hgn-hm-°m≥ hi-ß-fn¬ CjvSnI sh®v kwc-£n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

40-˛45 Znh-k-ßƒ°Iw aen-\-h-kvXp-°ƒ Itºm-Ãmbn amdpw.

XpS¿∂v aÆn-csb am‰p-hm-\mbn ItºmÃv shbn-ep≈ ÿeØv Iq\-

bmbn hbv°p-I. At∏mƒ aÆn-c-Iƒ ASn-bn-em-hp-Ibpw ItºmÃv apI-

fn¬ \n∂v th¿Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNømw. Hmtcm ]mh-iyhpw

ItºmÃv FSp°p-tºmgpw aÆn-c-I-fpsS FÆw Ccń Bhp-Ibpw AXv

]pXnb ItºmÃv Ipgn-I-

fn¬ D]-tbm-Ks∏SpØm-hp-

∂-Xp-am-Wv. C]-Imcw e`n-

°p∂ ItºmÃv Ipgn-I-fn¬

D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xp-

am-Wv. C]-Imcw e`n-°p∂

ItºmÃv DW°n Acn-s®-

SpØv hnhn[ Bhiyß

ƒ°v D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\m-Ipw.

\nt£-]n-°p∂ amen-\y-

Øns‚ ]IpXn Afhv

ItºmÃv D≠m-°pw.


18

ÿe-]-cn-an-Xn-bp≈ ÿe-ß-fn¬/hoSp-I-fn¬ 50 sk.-ao. \ofhpw

30 sk.-ao. hoXnbpw 50 sk.-ao. s]m°-ap≈ ho™-s∏- n-Itfm GI-

tZiw CtX hym]vXn In´p∂ ]qs®- n-Itfm IpgnIƒ°v ]I-c-ambn D]-

tbm-Kn-°mw.

Fbvtdm-_nIv Itºm-ÃnMv

KmaoW ssPh-am-en\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn\v it≤-b-amb Hcp amXr-

I-bm-Wn-Xv. Zp¿K‘w H´pw Xs∂ D≠m-Im-sXbpw XnI®pw ]cn-ÿnXn

kulr-Z -]-c -ambn Adhp

amen-\y-ßƒ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈

ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ kwkv°-

cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kmt¶-XnI

hnZy-bmWv Fbvtdm-_nIv

Itºm-Ãn-Mv. acw s^tdm-…m-

_v, CjvSnI XpS-ßn-bh D]-

tbm -Kn® v (Nn - X -Øn¬

ImWp∂ hn[w) efn-X-ambn

sNehp Ipd™ coXn-bn¬

CXv \n¿Ωn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ItºmÃv bqWn -‰ns‚

G‰hpw ASn-bn-embn Bdn©v I\-Øn¬ DW-ßnb NmWIw CSp-I.

CXn\p apI-fn-embn Bdn©v I\-Øn¬ Icn-bne/DW-ßnb ]p√v/NIn-

cn-\mcv F∂nh GsX-¶nepw ASp-°p-I. XpS¿∂v arKm-h-in-jvS-ßfpw

a‰v ssPh-am-en-\y-ßfpw \nc-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXn\p apI-fnepw hi-

ß-fn-ep-ambn ho≠pw DW-ßnb NmWIw C´p-aq-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. kpjn-c-

ß-fn-√msX aqSp-I-hgn Zp¿K‘w H´pw C√ F∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Ømw. H´pw

ag \\-bmsX 90 Znhkw CXv kq£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXn-\Iw amen\yw

]q¿Æ-I-tºm-Ãmbn amdn-bn-´p-≠m-Ipw. ag \\-bm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Cu

bqWn‰v ta¬°q-c-bp≈ Hcp sjUn¬ ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xv A\p-tbm-Py-

am-bn-cn-°pw. C]-Imcw henb arK-ßsf hsc Zp¿K‘w H´pw han-

°msX ]q¿Æ-ambpw Itºm-Ãm°n am‰p-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

Sm¶ns‚ ASn-`mKw knat‚m, s^tdm knat‚m D]-tbm-Kn®v Dd-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn-eq-sSbpw ]pdw-`n-Øn-Iƒ s\‰p sh®v ad-bv°¬ F∂n-h-bn-

eq-sSbpw Fen-I-fp-sSbpw a‰v £pZ-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw ieyw XS-bm-\m-

Ipw. 70oc apI-fn¬ Xm]w DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏- -Xn-\m¬ hnj-I-c-amb AWp-

°ƒ \in-°pw. 4:4:4 ASn hym]vXn-bp≈ Sm¶v \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\v GI-

tZiw 4000 cq] amX-amWv Nnehv hcn-I. Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw H∂n-e-

19


[nIw Sm¶p-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv hgn C]-Imcw ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ

kpc-£n-X-ambn kwkv°-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

tImUvanIv (Kodmic)hoSp-I-fnepw a‰pw ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ hfsc wKn-bmbn ssIImcyw

sNøm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ kmt¶-XnIhnZy-bmWv KODMic Bio PedestalAYhm Kodestal. Imcy-amb sNehv H∂p-an√ F∂p amX-a√ XnI®pw

A\m-bmkw Cu kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-Ipw.

hoSn-t\mSv tN¿∂v ]qt¥m-

´-Øntem ]®-°dn tXm´-

Øntem CXv sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-

Wv. 2 ao‰¿ Bg-Øn¬ Hcp

Ipgn-sb-SpØ tijw 30 sk.-

ao. x 40 sk.-ao. hen-∏-ap≈

H-cp πmÃnIv As√-¶n¬

Aeq-an-\nbw Iym≥ AXn¬

hbv°p -I. 10 -˛12 sk. -ao .

hoXnbpw 2 ao‰¿ Db-c-hp-

ap≈ Hcp ]n.-hn.-kn. As√-

¶n¬ Bkv_-t‰mkv ss]∏v

AXn-\-IØv Cd-°n-sh-®- tijw aW¬ As√-¶n¬ s]mSn-aÆv C´v

aqSp-I. GI-tZiw Hcp ao‰¿ s]m°-Øn¬ ss]∏v apI-fn¬ ImW-Ø-

°-hÆw CXv Dd-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. XpS¿∂v Hcp tImWm-Ir-Xn-bn¬ _°-

‰n\p apI-fn¬ 10 sk.-ao. hsc (Nn-X-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse) hc-

Ø-°-hn[w aW¬ C´ tijw Hcp πmÃnIv jo‰v AXn-t∑¬ hncn-°p-

I. aW¬ Hen®v t]mIm-Xn-cn-°m\pw £pZPohn-Iƒ ieyw sNøm-Xn-

cn-°m-\p-amWv CXv sNøp-∂-Xv. tijw Ipgn- -aq-Sp-I. tImsk-Ãm¬ Xøm-

dmbn Ign-™p. C]-Imcw H∂n-e-[nIw sImsU-Ãm¬ LSn-∏n-°m-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ CXn¬ \nt£-]n-°bpw apIƒ hiØv

Hcp ]qs®´n sh®v A`wKn C√m-Xm-°p-Ibpw sNømw. ss]∏n\p Np‰pw

]®-°-dntbm ]qs®-Sntbm sh®p-]n-Sn-∏n-°p-I. Ch \nd™p F∂v

tXm∂n-bm¬ a‰v ss]∏p-Iƒ CXn-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw 90- 120 Znh-

k-Øn-\p-tijw CXn¬ ho≠pw \nt£-]n®v XpS-ßm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

ssPh-Ir-jn-bn-S-ß-fn¬ CXv hfsc anI® coXn-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-∂-Xp-aqew Db¿∂ tXmXn-ep≈ ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ e-]-Z-ambn

kwkv°-cn-°m\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm\pw Cu kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy ]tbm-

P-\-s∏-Sp-Ømw. AXp-sIm≠v ssPh-Irjn IqSn amXr-Im-]-c-ambn sNøp-


20

I-hgn aÆns‚ e- q-bnjvSn \ne-\n¿Øm\pw ssPh-am-en\y kwkv°-

cWw anI-hp‰Xm°m\pw km[n-°pw. kvIqƒ, tlmÃ¬, hoSp-Iƒ,

ÿm]-\-ßƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ CXv hfsc ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Ømw.

ssPh kwkv°-cW `cWn

Hcp `c-Wn°p apI-fn¬ apIƒ `mKhpw ASn-`m-Khpw Xpd-∂-Xmb

c≠p `c-Wn-Iƒ sh®v \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-XmWv ssPh kwkv°-cW `c-

Wn. 2 IntemKmw hsc ssPh hkvXp-°ƒ Znh-khpw CXn-eqsS

kwkv°-cn-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

NnX-Øn¬ ImWn-®n-cn-°p∂ hn[w ssPh-`-c-Wn-Iƒ ÿm]n-°m-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

apI-fnse c≠v c-Wn-I-fp-

sSbpw ASn -`m -K -Øp≈

πmÃnIv Nc-Sn-t∑¬ ]X-°-

S-emkv As√-¶n¬ Ce-Iƒ,

ssPhm-h-in-jvS-ßƒ Xmsg

t]mImØ hn[w hncn®v

ssPh-X v \n¿Ωn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-

Wv. \nt£-]n-°p∂ ssPhm-

h-in -jvS -ß-fnse A[nI

Pew Xmsg `c-Wn-bn-te°v

Hen-®n-d-ßp∂ hn[-am-bn-cn-

°Ww X´v \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xv. Acn-s®-SpØv ]mI-s∏-Sp-Ønb ssPh-

hfw As√-¶n¬ kq£vam-Wp-em-bn\n Ie¿Ønb ac-s∏mSn kwkv°-

c-W-Øn\v Dd (Ãm¿´¿) Bbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. CXv Hcn©v I\-

Øn¬ hncn®v AXn\p apI-fn¬ kwkv°-cn-t°≠ ssPhm-h-injvSw

Ipd™ I\Øn¬ \nc-Øn-bn-Sp-I. Hcp ]mhiyw aninXw Xfn-®-tijw

AXn\v apI-fn¬ Ãm¿´¿ hncn®v ho≠pw kwkv°-cn-t°≠ ssPhm-h-

in-jvS-ßƒ Ahbv°v apI-fn¬ hncn®v aninXw Xfn-°p-I. CXn-\p-

tijw `cWn aqSn-sh-bv°p-∂-Xn\v apºv ssPhm-h-in-jvS-ßƒ Zriy-

am-°-Ø° hn[w Ahbv°v apI-fn¬ Ãm¿´¿ \nc-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. aq∂p

Znhkw CS-hn v CXv Hcp t^m¿°v D]-tbm-Kn®v Cf-°p-I. apI-fn-esØ

`cWn \nd-™p-I-gn-bp-tºmƒ AsX-SpØv c≠m-a-Ø-Xns‚ ÿm\Øv

hbv°p-Ibpw c≠m-asØ ÿm\-Øn-cn-°p∂ Imen-bmb `cWn apI-

fn¬ hbv°p-Ibpw sNømw. XpS¿∂v apI-fn-esØ `c-Wn-bnepw CXv

XpS-cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu `cWn \nd-™p-I-gn-bp-tºmƒ apºv \d™

`c-Wn-bnse ItºmÃv Hcp hSn D]-tbm-Kn®v kq£va-ambn πmÃnIv

21


Nnc- -Iƒ°n-S-bn-eqsS Xmtg°v X≈n-hn-Sp-Ibpw AXv apI-fn¬ hbv°p-

Ibpw sNøp-I.

i≤n-t°-≠h

˛ Pemwiw A[n-I-am-bm¬ Zp¿K‘w han-°p-∂-Xn\v CS-bm-Ipw.

˛ cmk-Kp-W-ap≈ ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ \nt£-]n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.

˛ _tbmIƒ®¿ AwKo-Ir-X-am-bXv amXw hmßp-I.

˛ ]p´p-s]mSn \\-bv°pw-hn[w _tbm-Iƒ®¿ D]-tbm-Kn®v ac-s∏mSn

IpXn¿Øv 2 Znhkw Nm°n¬ sI´n sh®m¬ Ãm¿´¿ e`n-°p-∂-

XmWv (am-hv, d∫¿, Bcy-th∏v F∂n-h-bpsS s]mSn D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥

]mSn-√).

˛ a¨ -c-Wn-bvs°m∏w e`n-°p∂ embn\n 1:50 F∂ A\p-]m-X-Øn¬

ip≤-amb Pe-Øn¬ ebn-∏n®v kvt]b¿ D]-tbm-Kn®v ssPhm-h-in-

jvS-ßƒ°v apI-fn¬ F√m-bn-SØpw IrXy-ambn hog-Ø-°-hn[w

Hcph´w kvt] sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. _tbm-Iƒ®¿ 100 an√n 400

IntemKmw hsc ssPh-hm-h-injvS kwkv°-c-W-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-

°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. t¢mdn≥ Ie¿∂ Pew 2 Znh-k-sa-¶nepw kqcy-]-

Im-i-Øn¬ Xpd-∂p-sh-®- tijw amXw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.

_tbm-_n≥

vfm‰p-I-fnepw tlmÃ-ep-I-fnepw a‰pw hnP-b-I-cambn D]-tbm-Kn®v

hcp∂ Hcp kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bmWv _tbm-_n≥. ssPh-kw-kv°-cW

`c-Wn-t]mse Xs∂-bmWv CXns‚ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-sb-¶nepw Aev]w

hn]p-e-amb coXn-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-∏n-°m-hp∂ D]-I-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. _tbm-

_n-∂n¬ ssPh amen-\y-ßƒ \nt£-]n-°p-I, _tbm-Iƒ®¿ aninXw

Xfn-°p-I, IrXy-amb CS-th-f-I-fn¬ Cf-°n- sImSp-°pI F∂nh IrXy-

ambn sNbvXm¬ amen\yw kwkv°-cn-°m\pw ssPh-hfw DXv]m-Zn-∏n-

°m\pw km[n-°pw.

C -IvSohv ssatIm Hm¿Km-\nkw (Effective MicroOrganism - E.M.) (C.-Fw. embn-\n)

tSmbve-‰v, hmjvt_-k-\p-Iƒ, ^vtfm¿ F∂nh hrØn-bm-°p-∂-

Xn\pw ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ kuI-cy-]Zambn kwkv°-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw

hfsc ^e-]-Z-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bmWv C.-Fw. embn-\n. ssPh-

Ir-jn-bn-S-ß-fn¬ hym]-I-ambn CXv D]-tbm-Kn®v hcp-∂p. AwKo-IrX

GP≥kn-I-fn¬ \n∂v e`n-°p∂ Cu embn\n \n›nX A\p-]m-X-Øn¬

amen-\y-ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ 15-˛20 Znhkw sIm≠v kwkv°-cn-°-


22

s∏-Spw. amen\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn\pw ssPh-hf \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pw

hfsc e-]-Zhpw sNe-hv Ip-d-™-Xp-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bm-Wn-Xv.

_mIvSo-cn-b¬ I¨tkm¿jyw (Bacterial Consortium)

hnhn[ Xcw _mIvSo-cn-b-Isf aen-\-h-kvXp-°-fn¬ Iq´n-°-e¿Øn,

AXp-hgn Itºm-ÃnMv ]In-b-bpsS thKX Iq´p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kmt¶-

Xn-I-hn-Zy-bm-Wn-Xv. _mIvSo-cn-bmtbm _mIvSo-cnb hf¿Ønb embn-

\ntbm _‘-s∏´ AwKo-IrX GP≥kn-I-fn¬ \n∂v hmßn \n¿t±-

in-°p∂ Af-hn¬ ssPh-am-en-\y-ß-fn¬ \nt£-]n-®m¬ IqSp-X¬ thK-

Øn¬ Ah kwkv°-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

πm‚p-Iƒ

hfsc henb Af-hn¬ ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂

ÿm]-\-ßƒ, am¿°-‰p-Iƒ F∂nh amen\ykwkv°-c-W-Øn\v A\p-

tbm-Py-amb πm‚p-Iƒ ÿm]n-t°-≠-Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv. _tbm-_n∂pw

_tbm-Kymkpw km[m-cW \ne-bn¬ Cu πm‚p-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-

\m-hpw.

sa°m-\n-°¬ ItºmÃv πm‚ v (Mechanical Compost Plant)hfsc Ipd™ Ime-b-f-hn¬ ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ Itºm-Ãm°n

am‰m≥ Cu ]Inb hgn km[n-°p-∂p. 300 S¨ hscbpw AXn\v apI-

fn-te-bv°p≈ amen-\y-ßfpw Cu πm‚n¬ kwkv°-cn-°m-\m-hpw. C∂v

\ne-hn-ep≈ sa°m-\n-°¬ Itºm-ÃnwKv πm‚p-Iƒ G‰hpw Npcp-ßn-

bXv 100-˛150 S¨ aen\-h-kvXp-°ƒ F¶nepw Zn\w-]Xn ssIImcyw

sNøp∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv.

hn≥tUm Itºm-ÃnwKv (Window Composting)Cu kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy D]-tbm-Kn®v km[m-c-W-bmbn 10 S¨ apX¬ 50

S¨h-sc-bp≈ amen\y ]iv\-ßƒ°v ]cn-lmcw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛

˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛

IΩyq-Wn‰n t_kvUv πm‚ vkv (Community Based Plants)] -W-]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ km[m-c-W-bmbn ImWp∂ coXn-bm-Wn-Xv. hoSp-

I-fn¬ \n∂pw IS-I-fn¬ \n∂pw amen-\y-ßƒ th¿Xn-cn®v tiJ-cn®v

CØcw πm‚p-I-fn¬ FØn-°p-∂p. CXn-\mbn ]®, \oe, sh≈,

Nph∏v Cßs\ hnhn[ \nd-ß-fn-ep≈ _°‰v hoSp-I-fn¬ hnX-cWw

sNøp-∂p. CXp-ambn _‘-s∏´v ]h¿Øn-°p∂ IpSpw-_io/k∂≤

23


kwL-S-\-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS ]h¿ØI¿ IrXy-ambn th¿Xncn® amen-

\y-ßƒ Znh-khpw tiJ-cn-°p-Ibpw πm‚p-I-fn¬ FØn®v kwkv°-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXn-\mbn Hcp \n›nX XpI hoSp-I-fn¬ \n∂v

amkhpw \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

Cu IΩyq-Wn‰n t_kvUv πm‚p-I-fn¬ _tbm-_n≥, hn≥tUm

Itºm-Ãnw-Kv, _tbm-Kym-kv, Fbvtdm-_nIv knÃw, sjU¿ XpSßn

hnhn[ kmt¶-XnI hnZy-Iƒ amen\y \n¿Ωm¿÷-\-Øn-\p-≠m-Ipw.

200 hoSp-Iƒ°v Hcp πm‚ v F∂-XmWv km[m-cW IW-°v. CXn\v

A\p-tbm-Py-amb ÿew Is≠-Øn-bm¬ πm‚p-Iƒ ÿm]n-°m-hp-∂-

Xm-Wv.

tlmkv]n-‰¬, hyh-km-b-im-e-Iƒ, aen-\-P-ew, hnj-Z-hy-ßƒ F∂n-hbv°v Bh-iy-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ

˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛

˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛

bqWn-‰p-Ifpw Ahbv°v A\p-tbm-Py-ambkmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Ifpw

\º¿ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ A\p-tbm-Py-amb

kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ

1. hoSv

2. ^vfm‰v

3. Bip-]Xn

4. am¿°‰v

5. tlmÃ¬

6. sdbn¬th tÃj≥

7. s]mXp-ÿew

8. Ad-hp-ime

9. _kv Ãm≥Uv


24

Du¿÷-kw-c-£Ww ˛ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ (tkm-fm¿,Im¿_¨ IUn-‰v, ag-sh≈ kw -c-Wn...)

kutcm¿÷sØ sshZyp-tXm¿÷-am°n am‰p∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-

bmWv tkmfm¿ sk√p-Iƒ. \ΩpsS hoSp-I-fn¬ tkmfm¿ ]m\-ep-Iƒ

LSn-∏n-°pI hgn-bmbn \s√mcp iX-am\w sshZyp-Xn°pw em`n-°m-

\m-Ipw. amX-a-√, cmXnbpw ]Iepw tkmfm¿ sk√nse Nm¿÷v D]-

tbm-Kn®v Bh-iy-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂Xp hgn sshZypXn _n√n¬ \n∂v

c£-t\-Sp-I-bp-am-Imw.

Cu kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy Aev]w sNe-th-dn-b-Xm-sW-¶nepw ]Ip-Xn-

tbmfw XpI tIµ-k¿°m¿ k_vkn-Un-bmbn \¬Ip-∂p. _m°n XpI

Ipd™ ]eni \nc-°n¬ e`y-am-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. C]-Imcw tkmfm¿

F\¿Pn DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿°v Kh¨sa‚ v h¿jw tXmdpw Km‚ v

\¬Ip-∂p. Cu kwhn-[m\w "Im¿_¨ sIUn‰v' F∂mWv Adn-b-

s∏-Sp-I. amX-a-√, A[n-I-ambn DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Du¿÷w KnUv

hgn sshZypXn t_m¿Un\v \¬In-bm¬ amkw \s√mcp XpI hcp-am-

\-hp-am-bn. Ah-k-c-ßƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ tkmfm¿ ]m\-enwKv

em`-I-c-amb Hcm-i-b-am°n am‰m≥ \ap-°m-Ipw. hoSp-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-

ßƒ, hyh-km-b-im-e-Iƒ XpSßn F√m bqWn-‰p-Iƒ°pw Cu ]≤-

Xn-bn¬ ]¶p-tN-cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zybpw klm-bhpw \¬Ip∂GP≥kn-Ifpw Ah-bpsS hnh-c-ßfpw

\-º¿ sF‰w/ hnehn-hcw GP≥kn-Iƒ/

kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy hnemkw

25


CXv kw_-‘n® IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ°pw kwib \nhm-c-W-Øn\pw

CGC kmt¶-XnI klmb bqWn-‰p-ambn _‘-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

hnemkw:

˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛

˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛

ag-°pgn

`qK¿`P-e-Øns‚ Afhv Iq´p-∂Xv \mfsb Pe-£m-a-Øn¬ \n∂v

c£n-°m≥ \sΩ klm-bn-°pw. ag-°mew BIp-∂-tXmsS ]d-ºp-I-

fn¬ hnhn[ mK-ß-fn-embn Ipgn-Iƒ IpØpI F∂ sNdnb ]h¿Ø-

\-Øn-eqsS "ag-°pgn' F∂ Bibw ]mh¿Øn-I-am-bn. ]gb InWdp-

Ifpw Pem-i-b-ßfpw Ign-hXpw aqSn-°-f-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I. C]-Im-c-ap≈

hepXpw sNdp-Xp-amb ag-°p-gn-Iƒ Pe-kwc£-W-Øn\v \mw sNøp∂

al-Ømb b⁄-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Pe-kw- -cWn

hoSv/ÿm]-\-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS sSd-kn¬ \n∂v hcp∂ ag-sh≈w

i≤m-]q¿∆w kw`-cn-®p-h-bv°p∂ kwhn-[m-\-amWv ag-sh≈ kw`-c-

Wn. ta¬°q-c-bn¬ \n∂phcp∂ ag-sh≈w IrXy-ambn Hcn-SØv FØn-

°p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-sh®v AXv ip≤o-I-cn®v kw`-cn-°p-Ibpw sNømw.

kw`-c-Wn-bmbn Smt¶m, InW-tdm, t]mfn-Øo≥ jo‰n´ Ipgntbm sXc-

s™-Sp-°mw.

at\m-ca ]e-Xp≈n tamU¬

ag-sh≈ kw -cWn ]e-X-c-ap-≠v. hoSns‚ apI-fn¬ hogp∂ sh≈w

apf-sIm-≠p≈ ]mØn-hgn Ncepw Icnbpw \nd® kao-]sØ Ipgn-bn-

te°v hogvØn AhnsS \n∂v qan-°-Sn-bn-te°v Xs∂ sNdn-sbmcp ss]∏v

hgn InW-‰n-te°v Acn-®n-d-ßp∂ coXn°v ]W-s®-ehv Xosc-bn-√. Xpd-

mb ÿeØv \mev Iºp-\mń AXn¬ Hcp sh≈ ap≠v hncn-®p-sIń

\Sp-hn-semcp sNdnb I√n- m¬ XpWn-bpsS \Sp- mKw Xqßn-°n-S-°pw.

ag s]øp-tºmƒ Xqßn-°n-S-°p∂ ÿm\Øv IpSn-sh≈w Xp≈n-bmbn

Acn®v Nph- n¬ sh®n-cn-°p∂ Ie-Øntem Sm¶ntem \nd-bpw. Xpd- mb

ÿeØv kmam\yw \s√mcp Ipgn FSp-∏n® tijw CXn-semcp Iń-

bp≈ kn¬t∏m-Wn≥ πmÃnIv hncn-®m¬ \mev ag Ign-bp-tºm-tg°pw

Ipgn Hcp Ipf-ambn amdpw.

bq¡m-en-b, At¡-jy, am©nbw F¶nh Pewhen-s -Sp-¡p¶ ac-§-fm-Wv.


26

ag-sh≈ kw -cWn

kar-≤-amb ag, ]®-∏p-X-∏-Wn™ ]mS-ßƒ, 44 \Zn-Iƒ, 34 XSm-

I-ßƒ! hfsc at\m-l-c-amWv tIc-fw. F∂n-cp-∂m¬ Xs∂bpw ip≤-

Pe Zu¿e`yw cq£-am-Ip∂ kml-Ncyw \ap-°n-t√. bYm¿∞-Øn¬

C∂v temIw t\cn-Sp∂ hen-sbmcp ]Xn-k-‘n-bmWv ip≤-Pe

Zu¿e`yw F∂ kXyw \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tIc-f-Øns‚

]tXyI sNcn™ `q]-IrXn aqew ag-sh≈w hfscthKw tXmSp-

Ifn-eq-sSbpw ]pg-I-fn-eq-sSbpw HgpIn IS-en-se-Øp-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu

Pew ]mgm-°msX i≤-tbmsS tiJ-cn-®m¬ ip≤-Pe Zu¿e`yw F∂

]k-‘nsb \ap°v ad-I-S-°m-\m-hpw.

ag-sh≈w Fßs\ kw -cn°mw

hm¬°n≠n ]≤Xn

kwÿm-\sØ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ip≤-P-ew-£maw t\cn-Sp∂ hnZym-

e-b-ß-fn-sem-∂mb hgp-X-°mSv inip-hn-lm¿ bp.-]n. kvIqƒ. 2007-˛¬

\S-∏n-em-°nb \qX-\-amb Pe-kw-c-£W ]≤-Xn-bmWv hm¬°n-≠n.

CXns‚ `mK-ambn Hmtcm ¢mknepw Hcp _°‰pw ct≠m aqt∂m

hm¬°n-≠nbpw \¬In. _°-‰n¬/ss]∏n¬ \n∂v t\cn´v Pew D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ coXn Ah-km-\n-∏n®v Ip´n-Iƒ hm¬°n≠n D]-tbm-Kn®v

XpS-ßn. _°-‰p-Iƒ kvIqƒ hf-∏nse ]®-°dn tXm´-Ønepw ]qt¥m-

´-Ønepw hr£-®p-h-Sp-I-fnepw h®-Xp-hgn AXv kky-ß-fpsS

hf¿®bv°v klm-b-I-am-bn. ssZ\w-Zn\ Bh-iy-Øn\v Pew hne-sIm-

SpØv hmßn-bn-cp∂ Cu hnZym-ebw ]n∂oSv kq£va-amb Pe hn\n-

tbm-K-Øn-eqsS kzbw ]cym-]vX-cm-bn. 2008- se kwÿm\ ssPh-ssh-

hn[y t_m¿Uns‚ ]Ya lcnX hnZym-eb ]pc-kv°m-c-Øn\v Cu

kvIqƒ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.

kpe- -ambn ag e`n-°p-tºmƒ IpØn-sbm-en®v t]mIp∂ Pew I≠p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv \ap°v Hcp t\cw-t]m-°m-bn-cn°pw. F∂m¬ ]Ir-

Xn-bnse G‰hpw ip≤-amb Pew kwc-£n-°m≥ \ap-s°mcp iaw

\S-Øn-°q-sS. CXn-\mbn Nne Bi-b-ßƒ ChnsS Ipdn-°mw.

s^tdm kna‚ v Sm¶v

hcƒ®-bpsS amk-ß-fn-te°v Pew kw -cn®v hbv°m≥ km[n-°p∂

sNehp Ipd™ am¿§-amWv s^tdm kna‚ v Sm¶v. temI-Ønse

G‰hpw sNehp Ipd™ IpSn-sh≈ ]≤-Xn-bmbn sFIy-cm-jvS-k`

AwKo-I-cn® kwhn-[m-\-am-Wn-Xv. sI´n-S-ß-fpsS ta¬°q-c-bn¬

\n∂p≈ ag-sh≈w ]mØn-Iƒ hgn Acn®v s^tdm-kn-a‚ v Pe kw`-

27


c-Wn-bn-te°v tiJ-cn-°p-∂p. C]-Imcw tiJ-cn-°p∂ Pew h¿j-ß-

tfmfw tISp-Iq-Sm-Xn-cn°pw F∂mWv ]T-\-ßƒ sXfn-bn°p-∂-Xv. BZy

ag-bn¬ e`n-°p∂ Pew C]-Imcw tiJ-cn-t°-≠-Xn-√. ta¬°q-c-bn¬

\n∂ph-cp∂ sh≈w kw`-c-Wn-°p-≈nse ^n¬´¿ hgn-bmWv AI-

tØ°v hntS-≠-Xv. Cu ^n¬´-dn¬ Icn, aW¬, Icn-¶¬ F∂nh

aq∂v ASp-°p-I-fmbn \nt£-]n-°p-∂p.

Ch-bn-eqsS Acn-®n-d-ßp∂ Pew ip≤-am-bn-cn°pw (C-]-Imcw

ip≤o-I-cn® Pew InW-dp-I-fn-tet°m Sm¶p-I-fn-tet°m Pe-kw-`-c-

Wn-I-fn-tet°m kuI-cy-]q¿∆w tiJ-cn-°mw). kw`-cWn H´pw kqcy-

]-Imiw IS-°m-Ø-hn[w \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. apI-fn-eqsS ss]∏n´v

Nmºv ss]∏v D]-tbm-Knt®m kw -c-Wn-bpsS Xmsg ss]∏v LSn-∏nt®m

Pew Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw tiJ-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

]mgm-bn-t∏m-Ip∂ ip≤-Pew Aaq-ey-amb ip≤-P-e-ambn am‰p-∂-

Xp-hgn hcƒ®m ImeØv Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ \ap-

°m-Ipw.

]pXn-b-Xmbn \n¿Ωn-°p∂ hoSp-I-fn¬ Pe-kw-`-cWn D≠m-bn-cn-

°-W-sa-∂Xv Ct∏mƒ \nb-a-am-Wv. CXn-\mbn hnhn[ _m¶p-Iƒ

hmbv] \¬Ip-∂Xv ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

NXp-ci Intem-ao-ä-dnÂ Gähpw IqSp-XÂ InW-dp-I-fpÅ(250) kwØm-\-amWv tIc-fw.

Icn

aW¬

Icn-¶¬


28

t_m[-h-Xv°-cWw

¢o≥ kn‰n Ko≥ kn‰n (CGC) Xncp-h√ F∂ ]≤-Xn-bn-eqsS amen\y

clXn Xncp-h√ F∂ e£y-]m-]vXn-bn-se-Øp-hm≥ G‰hpw ][m-\-am-

bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Cu ]¶m-fn-Ø-am-Wv. hy‡n-ip-NnXzw Krl-ip-NnXzw F∂n-

h-bvs°m∏w ]cn-k-c-ip-Nn-Xz-Øn\pw kmaqly ipNn-Xz-Øn\pw ]m[m\yw

sImSp-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ kºq¿Æ P\-]-¶m-fnØ kao-]-\-amWv Cu

]≤Xn Bkq-XWw sNøp-∂-Xv.

]IrXn im¥-kp-µ-c-am-Wv. \ap°v Bh-iy-ap≈ F√m hn -h-ßfpw

\¬Ip-∂Xpw ]IrXn Xs∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ ]Ir-Xn-bpsS at\m-lm-

cn-Xbpw k¥p-en-Xm-h-ÿbpw XI¿°p∂ a\p-jys‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

\tΩbpw \ΩpsS hcpw Xe-ap-dtbbpw XocmØ Zpc-¥-ß-fn-te°v hen-

s®-dn-bpw. Cu ASp-Ø-Im-eØv Xs∂ U¶phpw Nn°p≥ Kp\n-bbpw

XpSßn `oXn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ tcmK-ß-fpsS he-b-Øn¬ s]´-h-cmWv

\Ωn¬ ]e-cpw. C∂pw AXns‚ `hn-j-Øp-I-fn¬ \n∂v Nne¿ tamNn-

X-cm-bn-´p-an-√.

Ai-≤-ambn amen-\y-ßƒ hen-s®-dn-bp-Ibpw πmÃnIv ]Zm¿∞-

ßƒ IØn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ \mw Adn-bp-∂n√ `qan-bpsS \mi-

Øn\v \mw B°w Iq´p-I-bm-sW∂v \·-k-Xyw. hn`-h-ß-fpsS hne-b-

dn-bmsX sshZyp-Xnbpw Pehpw `£-Whpw ]mgm-°p-tºmƒ \mw ad-

°p∂p "Du¿÷-£maw' mhn-bpsS ]Xn-k-‘n-bm-Wv, Pe-Øn-\p-th-

≠n-bm-bn-cn-°mw. ASpØ bp≤w, `£y-£maw temIsØ sRcp-°n-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p ˛ F∂ bmYm¿∞y-ßƒ. ssN\okv ]mh-I-fpw,

πmÃnIv t_m´n-ep-I-fpw, Iymcn-_m-Kp-Ifpw Ae-£y-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-tºmƒ Adn-bmsX Xs∂ \mw Hcp hnjw-Xo-\n-bmbn amdp-∂p,

F¥n\v tcmK-ap‰ \msf-bv°m-bn.

Hm¿°pI ˛ ImWm-Zq-cØv ]c∂v InS-°p∂ Bg-°-S¬ hnim-e-am-

sW-¶nepw Ahn-sS-s°-dn-bp∂ F√m hkvXp-°fpw AXv Icn-bn-te°v

aS°n \¬Ip-∂p. AsX, AXv Hcp ]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-am-Wv. \mw C∂v

Adnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm ]Ir-Xn-bn-te°v amen-\y-ßƒ X≈p∂p

F¶n¬ AXv hn]-coX ew D≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn\v kwi-b-an-√. \mw C∂v

ImWp∂ BtKm-f-Xm-]-\hpw Imem-hÿm hyXn-bm-\hpw `£y-£m-

ahpw F¥n\v kIe amc-I-tcm-K-ßfpw Adn-hn¬ \n∂p-≠mb I≠p-]n-

Sn-Ø-ßfpw Adn-hn-√mbva F∂-t]mse sNøp∂ CS-s]-S-ep-I-fpamsW∂

bmYm¿∞yw ad-∂p-Iq-Sm.

H∏w Xs∂ \ap°v Bizmkw \¬Ip∂ Hcp ]IrXn\nbw IqSn

Ipdn-°-s´. \mw hkn-°p∂ ]Ir-Xn-tbmSv CW-ßp∂ ]h¿Øn-Iƒ

29


\mw sNøp∂p F¶n¬ \sΩ kwc-£n-°m≥ ]Ir-Xn-bp-≠m-Ipw. ip≤-

hm-bphpw ip≤-P-ehpw e- q-bn-jvS-amb aÆpw F√mw \ap°v \¬Ip-

∂Xv Btcm-Kyhpw sFiz-cy-hp-ap≈ C∂pw \msf-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-

sIm≠v Xs∂ \mtam-tcm-cp-Øcpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßƒ Adn™v

]h¿Ø-\-]-Y-Øn¬ Cd-ßn-bm¬ Cu kz]v\w ssI∏n-Sn-bn-sem-Xp-

°m≥ IqSp-X¬ ]bm-k-am-hn-√.

Cu Bibw ]¶p-shbv-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ap\n-kn-∏¬ Xe-Ønepw

hm¿Up Xe-Ønepw N¿®m ¢m p-Iƒ, tIm¿W¿ ao‰nw-Kp-Iƒ, eLp-

teJ hnX-c-Ww, amXrIm ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, t_m[-h-Xv°-cW/]cn-io-

e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ F∂nh kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. kmt¶-XnI klmb bqWn-

‰n-t\mSv tN¿∂v ]h¿Øn-°p∂ sUtam¨kvtSj≥ sk‚¿ hnhn[

amen\y kwkv°-cW kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw hnP-b-I-c-amb amXr-I-Ifpw

\nßƒ°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øpw. ap\n-kn-∏¬ Xe-Ønepw hm¿Uv Xe-

Ønepw \n¿t±-in-®n-´p≈ `cW kwhn-[m\w CXn-\m-h-iy-amb

t\XrXzw \¬Ipw.

Ko≥ thmf‚n-tbgvkv

]≤Xn IqSp-X¬ P\-Io-b-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mbpw P\-]-¶m-fnØw Dd-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn-\mbpw hm¿Uv Xe-ß-fn¬ Ko≥ thmf‚n-b¿amsc \nb-an-

°pw. kmaqly ]Xn-_-≤-X-bp-≈-hcpw, IpSpw-_-io, kzbw klmb

kwLw, k∂≤ kwL-S-\-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS AwK-ßƒ°pw X¬]-c-

cmb ]uc-∑m¿°pw CXp-ambn kl-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°pw. ]tZ-

isØ amen-\y-]-iv\-ßƒ Is≠-Øp-I, _‘-s∏-´-hsc Adn-bn-°p-

I, ]≤Xn ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb t\Xr-Xzhpw kl-I-c-Whpw

\¬Ip-I, t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Du¿÷n-X-am-°p-I,

amen\y ]iv\-ß-fn¬ CS-s]-SpI XpSßn hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬

]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ko≥ thmf‚n-tb-gvkns‚ tkh\w AXy-¥m-t]-

£n-X-am-Wv. Ch¿°v th≠ ]cn-io-e-\hpw am¿§ \n¿t±-i-ßfpw

kmt¶-XnI klmb bqWn‰pw hm¿Uv Xe IΩ-‰nbpw \¬Ip-∂-Xm-

Wv. CXp-ambn kl-I-cn®v ]h¿Øn-°m≥ IqSp-X¬ Bfp-Iƒ apt∂m v

hcp-∂-Xp-hgn \ΩpsS ]tZiw lcn-Xm-`-am-°m\pw amen-\y-hn-ap-‡-am-

°m\pw \ap-°m-Ipw.

Ko≥ Ah¿ (Green Hour) ˛ lcnX aWn-°q¿

t_m[-h-Xv°-c-W-Øns‚ `mK-ambn \n¿t±-in-°p∂ Hcp I¿Ω-]-

≤-Xn-bmWv lcn-X -a-Wn-°q¿ As√-¶n¬ Ko≥ Ah¿. BgvN-bn¬

Hcp aWn-°q¿ t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v t\XrXzw sImSp-

°p-I, kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI F∂-XmWv CXp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv. hnhn[


30

ÿm]-\-ßƒ, Hmô-kp-Iƒ, hoSp-Iƒ, hy‡n-Iƒ Cßs\ F√m-

h¿°pw CXn¬ ]¶p-tN-cm-hp-∂-XmWv. tdUntbm amIv mÃv 90.4 F√m

sh≈n-bm-gvNbpw sshIn´v 7 apX¬ 8 hsc ]t£-]Ww sNøp∂

]cn-]mSn it≤-b-am-Wv.

N¿®-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I, kwhm-Zw, Bibw ]¶p-sh-bv°¬, ipNo-

I-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, eLp-teJ hnX-c-Ww, ktµiw ]Z¿in-∏n-°¬,

a’-c-ßƒ, amXrIm ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ XpSßn \nc-h[n ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. \nß-fpsS ]cn-k-cØv / ÿm]-

\-Øn¬ Fßs\ CXv \S-∏n-em°mw F∂-dn-bp-∂-Xn\v kmt¶-XnI

klmb bqWn-‰p-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-I.

Ko≥ kvIqƒ / lcn-X-hn-Zym-ebw

t_m[-h-Xv°-cWØn\v anI® thZn-bmWv hnZym-e-b-ßƒ. \msf-

bpsS hmKvZm-\-ß-fmb Ipń-Iƒ \√ ]cn-kc ipNn-Xz-io-e-ßƒ ]Tn-

°p-Ibpw ioen-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-hgn Btcm-Ky-ap≈ `mhn Xe-ap-

dsb krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn\v \ap-°m-Ipw. Hm¿°p-I, apXn¿∂-htc-°mƒ

kzm[o\w sNep-Øm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-cmWv Ipń-Iƒ. \√-sX∂v

tXm∂p∂ 90% Imcy-ßfpw Ah¿ ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°m≥ ian-°pw.

kvIqfp-I-fnepw tImtf-Pp-I-fnepw lcn-X-a-Wn-°q¿ IqSp-X¬ Inbm-

fl-I-am-°m≥ Ah-k-c-ß-fp≠v. kb≥kv ¢∫v, t\®¿ ¢∫v, ¢o≥

¢∫v, Ko≥ ¢∫v, F≥.-kn.-kn., sdUvtImkv XpS-ßnb hnhn[ ¢∫p-

I-fpsS amXr-Im-]-c-amb \nc-h[n ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ImgvN-h-bv°m-\m-

Ipw. t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ, ipNo-I-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ,

t]mÃ¿ cN-\, s]bn‚nw-Kv, hnt\m-Z-bm-X, ]T-\-ßƒ, k¿t∆-Iƒ,

¢m v Xe thÃv HmUn-‰v, hy‡n-ipNnXz thmńw-Kv, ]qt¥m´ \n¿Ωm-

Ww, ssPh-Ir-jn, ]IrXn kulrZ Dev]-∂-ßƒ, nenw ]Z¿i\w,

sXcphp \mS-I-ßƒ Cßs\ \nc-h-[n-bmb Bi-b-ß-fn-eqsS "¢o≥

& Ko≥ kn‰n' ]≤-Xn-bpsS Ahn-`mPy LS-I-am-Im≥ kvIqfp-Iƒ°v

Ign-bpw.

ag-sh≈ kw`-c-Wn, tkmfm¿, ItºmÃv \n¿Ωm-Ww, ssPh-Ir-

jn, ]qt¥m´w Cß-s\-bp≈ amXr-Im-]-c-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v

kvIqƒ A[n-Ir-X¿, ]n.-‰n.-F., A≤ym-]-I¿, ¢∫v ]h¿Ø-I¿ F∂n-

h¿ anI® t\XrXzw sImSp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

sh_vssk‰v CGCcgctiruvalla.org F∂v t]cn¬ Bcw- n-®n-cn-°p∂ sh_vssk‰v CXp-

ambn _‘-s∏´ F√m hnh-c-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-sIm≠v cq]-h-Xv°-

31


cn-®n- p-≈-Xm-Wv. hnhn[ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ, GP≥kn-Iƒ, Kth-jW

hnh-c-ßƒ, tkh-\-ßƒ XpSßn ]≤-Xn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ F√m hnh-

c-ßfpw Xs∂ CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXp-ambn _‘-

s∏´ cq]-h-Xv°-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ kwhm-Z-thZn, tªmKv, tkmjy¬

s\‰vh¿°nwKv F∂nh anI® h¿Nz¬ t_m[-h-Xv°-c-W-Øn\v Ah-

kcw \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. ]cm-Xn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-ßfpw Adn-bn-°m≥

]tXyIw kwhn-[m\w sh_vssk-‰n¬ e`y-am-Wv.

kµ¿in-°pI: www.cgitiruvalla.org

Ko≥ k¿ń- n-t°-j≥

]≤Xn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏ v anI® ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ImgvN-sh-bv°p∂

hoSp-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-ßƒ, tlm -ep-Iƒ, IS-Iƒ, kvIqfp-Iƒ XpSßn

F√m bqWn-‰p-Iƒ°pw k¿ń- n-t°-j≥ kwhn-[m\w D]-tbm-Kn-°m-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXv anI® ]Ir-Xn-kw-c-£W ]h¿Ø-\-ambn

amdp∂tXmsSm∏w Xs∂ ÿm]-\-ßƒ°pw bqWn-‰p-Iƒ°pw kaq-l-

Øn¬ anI® ]Xn-—mb \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. hnhn[ `mK-ßƒ°v

hyXykvX coXn-bn-ep≈ k¿ń- n-°-‰n-I-fm-bn-cn°pw \¬Ip-I. k¿ń-

^n-t°-j≥ kw_-‘n®v IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ°pw At]£m t^md-

Øn\pw kmt¶-XnIklmb bqWn-‰p -ambn _‘-s∏-Sp -Itbm

sh_vssk‰v kµ¿in-°p-Itbm sNøp-I. CXn-\mbn ap\n-kn-∏¬

sk≥S¬ IΩ‰n \nb-an-°p∂ kanXn D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

sUtam¨kvtS-j≥ sk‚¿

amen\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn-\p≈ hnhn[ kmt¶-XnI hnZy-Iƒ, ]cn-

io-e-\w, hnhn-[-Xcw πm‚p-Iƒ, Ah-bpsS amXr-I-Iƒ, πmÃnIv

sjU¿, Itºm-Ãnw-Kv, ag-sh≈ kw`-cWn, AXns‚ ]h¿Ø-\w,

ssPh-Irjn sNøp-∂-sX-ßs\? tkmfm¿ ]m\-enwKv, XpSßn ¢o≥

B≥Uv Ko≥ kn‰n ]≤-Xn-bv°m-h-iy-amb F√m kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Ifpw

hnh-c-ßfpw ]Z¿in-∏n-°p∂ tIµ-amWv sUtam≥kvtS-j≥ sk‚¿.

P\-ßƒ°v ChnsS kµ¿in-°m\pw tkh-\-ßƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-

hm\pw Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.

kmt¶-XnI klmb bqWn‰v

ap\n-kn-∏¬ ÃodnwKv IΩ-‰n-bpsS \n¿t±-i-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v ]≤Xn

]h¿Øn-]-Y-Øn¬ \S-∏n-em-°p-Ibpw GIo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI

F∂ Dt±-i-tØmsS ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-XmWv kmt¶-XnI klmb bqWn-

‰v. ap\n-kn-∏¬ Xe-Ønepw hm¿Uv Xe-Ønepw I¿Ω ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ,


32

t_m[-h-Xv°-c-Ww, ]cn-io-e\w F∂nh kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Cu

bqWn‰v t\XrXzw hln-°pw. CtXm-S-\p-_-‘n®v ]h¿Øn-°p∂

]ªnIv dnte-j≥ hn`mKw \nßƒ°m-h-iy-amb klm-b-ßfpw \n¿t±-

i-ßfpw \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. P\-ß-fpsS ]cm-Xnbpw \n¿t±-i-ßfpw

........................ F∂ \º-dn¬ _‘-s∏´ DtZym-K-ÿs\ Adn-bn®v ]cn-

lmcw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ssPh-Irjn ˛ c≠mw lcn-X-hn-π-h-Øn\v

IoS-\m-in-\n-I-fp-sSbpw cmk-h-f-Øn-s‚bpw AanX D]-tbmKw ]Ir-

Xn-tbbpw aÆn-t\bpw \in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. amX-a-√, hnj-

ab-amb ]®-°-dn-Iƒ amc-I-tcm-K-ßƒ°v Imc-W-ambn Xocp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ¢o≥ B‚ v Ko≥ kn‰n Xncp-h√ ssPh-

Irjn t]m’m-ln-∏n-°m≥ \nc-h[n ]≤-Xn-Iƒ Bkq-XWw sNøp-

I-bm-Wv.

˛ "ho´n¬ Hcp ASp-°-f-tXm´w' F∂ Bi-b-Øn-eqsS ssPh-am-en-

\y-ßƒ Itºm-Ãmbpw Ah Irjn-°mbpw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ km[n-

°pw. amX-a√ ip≤-amb ]®-°dn e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn-eqsS ho´m-h-iy-

ßƒ°p≈ hn`-h-ßƒ e`y-am-hp-Ibpw sNøpw.

˛ an®w hcp∂ ]®-°-dnbpw hn`-h-ßfpw "Ko≥ tjm∏v' hgn CS-\n-e-

°m-cn-√msX anI® hnebv°v hn¬°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. CtXm-sSm∏w

Xs∂ Ko≥ tjm∏n-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®v hnhn[ ]cn-ÿnXn kulrZ

Dev]-∂-ßƒ ]Z¿in-∏n-°p-Ibpw hnev]\ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNømw.

˛ kvIqfp-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-ßƒ, hoSp-Iƒ F∂n-hbv°v hfsc anI®

coXn-bn¬ Cu ]h¿Ø\w apt∂m´v sIm≠p-t]m-Im-\m-Ipw.

˛ kmt¶-XnI klm-bw, k_vkn-Un, ]cn-io-e\w, anI® ]h¿Ø-\-

Øn-ep≈ _lp-aXn F∂nh ap\n-kn-∏¬ seh¬ IΩ-‰n-bp-sSbpw

kmt¶-XnI klmb bqWn-‰n-s‚bpw t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S-Øp-∂-Xm-

bn-cn-°pw.

amXrIm ]h¿Ø\w˛ ¢o≥ B‚ v Ko≥ Imºkv ˛ amIv mÃv

amen\y kwkv°-c-Ww, lcn-X-h-Xv°-c-Ww, t_m[-h-Xv°-cWw

F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ anI® amXr-I-bmWm amIv^mÃv Imº-kv. ¢o≥

B‚ v Ko≥ Imºkv F∂ t]cn¬ Bcw-`n® Cu ]≤Xn \nc-h[n

A\p-I-c-Wo-b-ß-fmb amXr-I-Iƒ \ap°v ]I¿∂v \¬Ip-∂p.

33


¢m v dqap-I-fnepw Hm^okv apdn-I-fnepw ]®, \oe, Nph-∏v, F∂o

\nd-ß-fn-ep≈ _°-‰p-Iƒ ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ ]®-

bnepw, AssP-h-am-en-\y-ßƒ \oe-bn-epw, tSmIvknIv amen-\y-ßƒ

Nph∂ _°-‰nepw tiJ-cn-°p-∂p. IrXy-amb CS-th-f-bn¬ Ch tiJ-

cn®v ssPh-am-en-\y-ßƒ _tbm-^n≥ hgn kwkv°-cn®v hf-am-°p-∂p.

πmÃn-Iv, Ip∏n, XpWn, t]∏¿ F∂nh ]tXy-I-ambn Xcw-Xn-cn-°p-

Ibpw πmÃnIv jU¿ hgn s]mSn®v hn¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

ItºmÃv ssPh-Ir-jn°pw sl¿_¬ ^mans‚ Bh-iy-ßƒ°pw

D]-tbm-Kn®v hcp-∂p. Im‚o≥ thÃv _tbm-Kymkv \n¿Ωn-°m≥ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂p. Ko≥ thmf‚n-tb-gvkmWv Cu ]h¿Ø\-ßƒ°v t\XrXzw

\¬Ip-∂-Xv. ktµi t_m¿Up-Iƒ, ag-sh≈ kw -c-Wn, kutcm¿÷

]m\-ep-Iƒ, thÃv _n≥kv ]qt¥m´w F∂nh it≤-b-am-Wv.

tImf-Pn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ _tbm-Im-ºkv hnhn[ Kth-jW

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v t\XrXzw \¬Ip-∂p. _tbm πmÃn-Iv, _tbm-

\m-]vIn≥kv t\em-bn\n XpSßn hnhn-[-ß-fmb ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eqsS

CXv it≤-b-am-hp-I-bm-Wv. Imº-kn¬ Xs∂ ]h¿Øn-°p∂

tdUntbm amIv^mÃv 90.4 t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°v Np°m≥

]nSn-°p∂p. F√m sh≈n-bm-gvNbpw sshIn´v 7 apX¬ 8 hsc

CLEAN & GREEN CITY CAMPUS - MACFAST

th¿Xn-cn®v tiJ-cn-°¬

amen\y kwkv°-cW bqWn‰v _tbm-Kymkv ssPh-Irjn

Ko≥ Ah¿ Du¿÷ kwc-£Ww ktµi t_m¿Up-Iƒ

tdUntbm amIv^mÃv Kth-jWw sl¿_¬ Km¿U≥

tkmfm¿ Im¿_¨ IUn‰v ag-sh≈ kw`-cWn

thÃv _n≥kv Ko≥ thmf‚ n-tbgvkv

amen\yw timX-Êp-I-fnÂ Xs¶ kwkv¡-cn-¡pI


34

.................................... F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]mSn

kaq-l-Øns‚ hnhn[ tImWp-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ ]Xn-I-cWw sIm≠v

i≤-bm-I¿jn®v Ign-™p.

"Ko≥ Ah¿' F∂ t]cn¬ Imº-kn¬ F√m hymgm-gvNbpw (4-˛5)

kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]mSn amXr-Im-]-c-am-Wv.

]n≥kn-∏mfpw A≤ym-]-Icpw hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw Ãm^pw F√m-hcpw

CXn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp∂p F∂-XmWv CXns‚ ]tXy-I-X. ¢m p-I-fn¬

A≤ym-]-I-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-Ønepw A\-≤ym-]-I¿ t]mKmw Hm^o-kns‚

t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ..................... Hcp aWn-°q¿ hnhn-[-ß-fmb hnj-b-ß-

fm¬ sshhn[yw Df-hm-Ip-∂p. AXns‚ LS\ C]-Im-c-am-Wv.

1. Cu BgvN-bnse ktµiw ˛ apJy-k-tµiw.

2. Bib kwh-Z\w ˛ Hmtcm AwK-ßfpw Xß-fpsS Bibw ]¶p-

sh-bv°p-∂p.

3. Ko≥ Ub-dn.

Cu Ub-dn-bn¬ Xßƒ Ign™ BgvN-bn¬ sNbvX ]h¿Ø-\-

ßfpw hcpw BgvN-bn¬ sNøm≥ Dt±-in-°p∂ lcnX ]h¿Ø-\-

ßfpw Ipdn-®n-´p-≠m-Ipw. CXv F√m-hcpw tIƒs° hmbn-°p-∂p.

amX-a-√, Bhiy kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ ipNo-I-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

sNøp-∂-Xn\pw Cu Ah-kcw D]-tbm-Kn®v hcp-∂p. Ko≥ Ah¿ F∂

Bibw t_m[-h-Xv°-c-W-Øn\v anI® Ah-kcw \¬Ip-∂p. CØcw

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI hgn ]≤Xn ]h¿Ø\w IqSp-X¬

`wKn-bm-°m-\m-Ipw.

lcn-X-h-Xv°-cWw

Xncp-h-√sb lcn-Xm-`-am-°pI F∂ bXv\-Øn¬ \ap-t°m-tcm-cp-

Ø¿°pw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Im≥ Ign-bpw. hoSp-Iƒ, ÿm]-\-ßƒ, Hm^o-

kp-Iƒ, s]mXp-ÿm-]-\-ßƒ XpSßn hnhn[ bqWn-‰p-Iƒ lcn-h-Xv°-

cW ]≤-Xn-bn¬ AWn-tN-c-Ww. sNdp-]q-t¥m-´-ßƒ apX¬ ap\n-kn-

∏¬ DZym-\hpw ]m¿°p-sa√mw \n¿Ωn-°pI hgn Xncp-h-√--bvs°mcp

]®-∏p-X-∏-Wn-bn-°m≥ \ap-°m-Ipw. ssPh-Irjn hym]-I-am-Ip-∂-Xn-

eqsS Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb `£W ]Zm¿∞-ßƒ \ap°v e`y-am-Ipw.

Huj[ Irjn-tØm- -ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-I-hgn Db¿∂ hcp-am-\hpw Btcm-

Ky-ap≈ A¥-co-£hpw kwPm-X-am-Ipw. ]Ir-Xnsb \in-∏n-°p∂ DXv]-

∂-ß-tfmSv hnS-]-d™v ]IrXnkulrZ DXv]-∂-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

∂-Xn-eqsS amen-\y-]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Spw. icn-bmb am¿§-ßƒ D]-

tbm-Kn®v Dd-hn-S-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ amen\yw kwkv°-cn-°p-I-hgn amen\y

35


Iqºm-c-ßƒ C√m-Xm-hp-Ibpw ]IrXnca-Wob ]tZ-i-ß-fmbn \ΩpsS

]tZiw am‰-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøpw.

s]mXphgn-Iƒ, I\m-ep-Iƒ, tXmSp-Iƒ, s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ XpSßn

hnhn[ ÿe-ßƒ ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂-Xn\pw lcn-h-Xv°-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw

ÿm]-\-ßƒ, hy‡n-Iƒ, k∂≤ kwL-S-\-Iƒ F∂nh apt∂m´p

hc-Ww. s]mXp-ku-Icy ]¶m-fnØ kao-]-\-Øn-eqsS Ch-bpsS Npa-

Xe Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿ Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw Ah hrØn-bmbn kq£n-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw. kvIqfp-Iƒ, k¿°m¿ ÿm]-\-ßƒ, s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ XpS-

ßn-bh hrØn-tI-Sm-°msX i≤n-°m≥ Npa-X-e-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ

\S-]Sn FSp°pw A]-Imcw Hcp ]¶m-fnØ kao-]-\-Øn-eqsS lcn-

h-Xv°-cWw km[y-am-I-Ww.

lcnX aWn-°q¿, lcnX hnZym-e-bw, Ft°m tjm∏v, Ft°m

lukv tlmƒUv, tlmw sÃUv, Ko≥ _n¬Unw-Kv, Ko≥ sk¿´n-^n-

t°-j≥ XpSßn hnhn[ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ lcn-X-h-Xv°-c-W-Øn\v t]m’m-

l-\-am-bn-cn-°pw.

lcn-X-h-Xv°-c-W-Ønte°v

˛ ]IrXn kwc-£-Ww, aen-\o-I-cW \nb-¥Ww XpS-ßn-b-h-bp-ambn

_‘-s∏´ \nb-a-ß-fpsS \S-Øn∏v i‡-am-°p-I.

˛ Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw thÃv _n∂p-Iƒ s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬

ÿm]n-°p-I.

˛ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ, ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ, ktµ-i-ßƒ XpSßn hnhn[

t_m¿Up-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-I.

˛ ]mY-anI Imcy-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb kuI-cy-ßƒ

s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ Iao-I-cn-°p-I, IrXy-ambn ]men-°p-I.

˛ ]IrXn kulr-Z-io-e-ßƒ ]cn-io-en-°p-I.

˛ πmÃnIv Iymcn_m-Kn\p ]Icw t]∏¿ _mtKm XpWn-k-©ntbm

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.

˛ ][m\ ÿe-ß-fn¬ πmÃnIv \ntcm-[n-°p-I.

˛ A\m-h-iy-ambn ]Xn-®n-cn-°p∂ _m\¿, t]mÃ¿ XpS-ßn-bh \o°w-

sN-øp-I.

˛ t]mÃ-dp-Ifpw _m\-dp-Ifpw Ai-≤-ambn ]Xn-°p-∂Xpw D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂Xpw XS-bp-I.

˛ tdmUv, tXmSv, Xoc-ßƒ, s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ Ch `wKn-bm°pIbpw

tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. kzImcy ÿm]-\-ßƒ CXp-ambn

kl-I-cn-°p-I.


36

˛ ssPh-Irjn \S-Øp-I. ]Ir-Xn-tbbpw Btcm-Ky-tØbpw kwc-£n-

°p-I.

˛ DZym-\-ßƒ, ]qt¥m-´-ßƒ, ]m¿°p-Iƒ Ch \n¿Ωn-°p-I.

˛ anI® lcnX ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v AwKo-Imcw \¬Ip-I.

˛ P\-i≤ BI¿jn-°p∂ ÿe-ß-fnse aXn-ep-Iƒ ktµiw ]N-

cn-∏n-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. ]c-ky-ßƒ ]Xn-°msX kq£n-°p-I.

˛ Ko≥ k¿´n-^n-t°-j-\n-eqsS ÿm]-\-ßƒ/kvIqfp-Iƒ/hoSp-Iƒ

F∂nh dm¶v sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xp hgn anI® ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p≈

amXr-I-bmbn Xocp-∂p.

\nb-a-ßfpw \S-∏n-em-°epw

aen-\o-I-cW \nb-¥-Whpw ]IrXn kwc-£-W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏ v

\nc-h[n \nb-a-ßƒ \ne-hn-ep-≠v. Ch IrXy-ambn ]men-°-s∏-´m¬

F√m ]iv\-ßƒ°pw imizX ]cn-lm-c-am-Ipw. ]t£ \nb-a-ßƒ

]men-t°-≠Xv BcmWv? \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Xs∂. \mw Xs∂ Ch

ewLn-°p-Ibpw \mw Xs∂ ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ahÿ Hcp

hntcm-[m-`mkw Xs∂. F∂n-cp-∂m¬ Xs∂bpw \ΩpsS Ah-Im-i-

ßƒ \mw Xncn-®-dn-bpI! AXv ewLn-°-s∏-´m¬ ]Xn-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNø-Ww. DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ Ah-

Im-i-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-\mWv bYm¿∞ ]uc≥. Cu

Ah-k-c-Øn¬ \mw DW¿∂v ]h¿Øn-®m¬ amXr-Im-]-c-amb kmaqly

hyhÿ ChnsS hm¿sØ-Sp-°m≥ \ap-°m-Ipw.

C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S\ Hmtcm hy‡nbv°pw auenI Ah-Im-i-ambn

]Jym-]n-°p-∂-XmWv ]q¿Æ-amb /Ip‰-a-‰-Xmb Np‰p-]mSv (perfectindividual in a perfect environment). auenI Ah-Im-i-ßƒ B¿´n-

°nƒ 21-˛¬ "Pohn-°m-\p≈ Ah-Imiw' Hmtcm hy‡nbv°pw \¬Ip-

∂p. A¿∞m¬ "amen\y hnap-‡-amb Np‰p-]mSv' Hmtcm ]uc-t‚bpw

auenI Ah-Im-i-am-Wv.

Directive Principles Articles 48 A ]Imcw amen-\y-c-ln-X-ambn ]tZ-

i-ßƒ kwc-£nt°≠-Xns‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw kwÿm\ k¿°m-cn-

\m-Wv. Article 28-¬ ]IrXn kwc-£-W-Øn¬ Hmtcm ]uc\pw _m≤y-

ÿ-\m-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

^mIvS-dokv BIvSv ]Imcw F√m hyh-kmb ÿm]-\-ßfpw DXv]m-

Zn-∏n-°p∂ amen-\y-ßƒ kwkv°-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ kwhn-[m\w G¿s∏-

Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu amen-\y-ßƒ ]pd-¥-≈p-∂Xv Inan-\¬ Ip‰-am-Wv.

37


kp]ow tImSXn DØ-chp ]Imcw kmº-ØnI ]cm-[o-\-X-Iƒ

amen\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn\v Hcp \ymbo-I-c-W-a-√.

˛ Bio Medical Waste (Management & Handling) 1998 Rule

Hcp amkw Bbncw t]cn¬ IqSp-X¬ Bfp-Isf NnIn-’n-°p∂

et_m-d- dn/Bip-]Xn F∂n-h-bn¬ amen\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn\v ÿnc

kwhn-[m\w D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

˛ 20 ko‰n¬ IqSp-X¬ kuI-cy-ap≈ tlm´¬, sdtÃm-d‚ v XpS-ßn-b-

h-bn¬ ]mY-anI Bh-iy-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°m≥ kuI-cy-ßƒ D≠m-

bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv (Govt. Order No. 49683/Dec2/09/LSG Dept.)

˛ tZiob ]mX hrØn-bmbn kq£n-°p-I. ]mX-tbm-c-ßfpw ]m¿iz-

`m-K-ß-fp≈ HmS-Ifpw hrØn-bm-°p-I. sdbn¬th tÃj≥/_kv

Ãm≥Uv/s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ thÃv _n∂p-Iƒ

ÿm]n-°pI (Govt. Order No. 60744/G3/04/LSG Dept.)

˛ hgn-tbm-c-ßƒ/HmS-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-bn¬ amwkm-h-in-jvS-ßƒ/amen-\y-

ßƒ \nt£-]n-°m-Xn-cn-°pI (No. 3268/GO3/04/LSG Dept.)

˛ Pem-i-b-ßƒ/]mS-ßƒ/tXmSp-Iƒ Ah-bn¬ amen-\y-ßƒ \nt£-

]n-°m-Xn-cn-°pI (WCT Land Conservation Act 2010).

˛ 80 BÏp-ń-Iƒ°v Hcp I°qkv 20 BÏp-ń-Iƒ°v Hcp aqX-

∏pc F∂ tXmXnepw 40 s]Ïp- n-Iƒ°v Hcp I°qkv 20 s]Ïp-

ń-Iƒ°v Hcp aqX-∏pc F∂ tXmXnepw kvIqfp-I-fn¬ kuIcyw

D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. Chbv°p ]pd-sa,

- Environmental Protection Act (1986)

- ................... Act 2001

- Bio Medical Waste (.........) Rule 1998

- Water (Prevention & control of Pollution) Act 1974

- Air (Prevention & control of Pollution) Act

- Plastic Manufacture Sale & Usage Rule 2003

- Environment Hazardous Waste Management Act

XpSßn hnhn[ \nb-a-ßƒ hmbp, Pew, `qan, ]IrXn F∂n-h-

bpsS aen-\o-I-c-W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.

sFIy-cm-jvS-k` Dƒs∏sS hnhn[ A¥m-cmjvS kwL-S-\-Iƒ

]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏ v \nc-h[n Ah-Im-i-ßfpw \nb-a-ßfpw ]pd-

s∏-Sp-hn-®n-´p-≠v. CXn≥ ]Imcw ip≤-P-ew, ip≤-hm-bp, amen\ycln-

X-amb Np‰p-]mSv F∂nh Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw Ah-Im-i-am-Wv.


38

\nß-fpsS Ah-Im-i-ßƒ ewLn-°-s∏- p-sh∂v tXm∂n-bm¬ As√-

¶n¬ \nb-a-ßƒ Bsc¶nepw ewLn-°p∂-Xmbn Adn-™m¬ ap\n-

kn-∏m-en‰n, aen-\o-I-cW \nb-¥W t_m¿Uv F∂n-h-bp-ambn _‘-

s∏-Sp-I. hnh-c-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v "Adn-bm-\p≈ Ah-Imiw'

(Right to Information Act) \nbaw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

Hm¿°pI, \nbaw \S-∏n-em-°pI F∂Xv ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bp-sStbm

t]meo-kn-s‚tbm amXw IS-a-b-√. AXp-ambn kl-I-cn-°epw AXn\v

_‘-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Isf k÷-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂ henb

DØ-c-hm-ZnØw \ap-°p-≠v. Xncp-h-√m-bpsS \√ \mtfbv°v \ap-t°m-

tcm-cp-Ø¿°pw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap≈ amXrIm ]uc-∑m-cm-Imw.

I¿Ω-]-Y-Øn¬ Fßs\

"DØ-c-h-Zn-Xz-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°pI' F∂ Bi-b-am-Wt√m ¢o≥

B‚ v Ko≥ kn‰n Xncp-h√ ]≤Xn apt∂m´v hbv°p-∂-Xv. hy‡n-Iƒ,

ÿm]-\-ßƒ, k¿°m¿, k∂-≤-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ, \nb-a-]m-e-I¿ XpSßn

kaq-l-Øns‚ hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ km∂n≤yw Adn-bn-°p-∂-h¿ DØ-

c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn™v Hcp IpS-°o-gn¬ HØp-tN-cp-∂p. \ΩpsS

Ah-Im-i-ßfpw kaq-l-Øns‚ Ah-Im-i-ßfpw Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww. IS-a-

Iƒ \n¿∆-ln-°-Ww. Du¿÷-kz-e-X-tbmsS I¿Ω-]-Y-Øn¬

km∂n≤yw Adn-bn-°p∂ ]¶mfn BI-Ww.

ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n/k¿°m¿

1. \nb-a-ßƒ \S-∏n-em-°m-\p≈ C—m-i-‡n.

2. ]≤Xn Bkq-XWw \S-∏n-em-°¬, \nb-¥-Ww.

3. t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°v t\XrXzw \¬I¬.

4. ]¶m-fn-I-fpsS kl-I-cWw Dd-∏m-°¬ GtIm-]n-∏n-°¬.

5. ]≤Xn hne-bn-cp-Ø¬ XpS¿ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ \n¿t±-in-°¬.

s]mXp-P-\-ßƒ

˛ hn`-h-ß-fpsS D]-t`mKw ]c-am-h[n Ipd-bv°p-I.

˛ amen\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn-\mbn \n¿t±-in® D]m-[n-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-I.

˛ t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°mw.

˛ kmaqly hncp≤ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ XS-bp-I.

˛ _‘-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Isf \nb-a-ßƒ \S-∏n-em-°p-hm≥ \n¿∫‘w

sNep-Øp-I.

39


˛ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-I.

˛ Ah-Im-i-ß-sf-°p-dn®v t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-Ip-I. kaq-l-Øn-s‚tbm/hy‡n-

bp-sStbm Ah-Im-i-ßƒ ewLn-°-s∏- m¬ ]Xn-I-cn-°p-I.

˛ ]IrXn kulrZ D¬]-∂-ßƒ amXw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.

hyh-kmb kwcw-ßƒ

˛ ]cn-ÿnXn \nb-a-ßƒ I¿i-\-ambpw ]men-°p-I.

˛ ]IrXnkulrZ DXv]-∂-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I, hnX-cWw sNøp-I.

˛ amen\y kwkv°-c-W-Øn\v Bh-iy-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-I.

˛ ipNo-I-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°pw lcn-X-h-Xv°-c-W-Øn\pw kl-

I-cn-°p-I, kvt]m¨tkgvkv BIp-I.

˛ kq£va-kw-cw-`-ßsf t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I.

˛ Xt±-io-b-cpsS hn`-h-ßƒ \ymb-amb hnebv°v tiJ-cn-°p-I.

k∂-≤-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ

˛ amen-\y-\n¿Ωm¿÷-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v

t\XrXzw \¬Ip-I.

˛ amen\y ]iv\-ßƒ t\cn-SpI/ _‘-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Isf kzm[o-

\n-°p-I.

˛ ]Ir-Xn-ku-lrZ DXv]-∂-ßƒ t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I, kq£va-kw-

cw-`-ßƒ Bcw-`n-°p-I.

˛ t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v t\XrXzw \¬Ip-I.

˛ kaq-l-Øns‚ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ°mbn \ne-sIm-≈p-I.

˛ kmt¶-XnIhnZy-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-°pI/hnX-cWw sNøp-I.

˛ ]cn-io-e\ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

am[y-a-ßƒ

˛ ]≤-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ hnh-c-ßƒ P\-ß-fp-ambn ]¶p-sh-bv°p-I.

˛ t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ktµ-i-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-I.

˛ amen\y ]iv\-ß-fn¬ A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS i≤ sNep-Øp-I.

˛ ]Ir-Xn-ku-lrZ DXv]-∂-ßƒ/ kmt¶-XnI hnZy-Iƒ t]m’m-

ln-∏n-°p-I.


40

lcnX hnZym-ebw

"C∂sØ Ipń-I-fmWv \mfsØ ]uc-∑m¿' F∂v `mc-Øns‚

]Ya ][m-\-a-¥n-bmb Ph-l¿em¬ s\lvdp ]d-™n-´p≠v. "sNm´-

bnse ioew NpSe hsc' F∂ ]g-sam-gnbpw Iqń-hm-bn-°p-tºmƒ

\ap°v a\- n-em-Ipw, Ipń-I-fn¬ \√-ioew hf¿tØ≠ Bh-iy-I-

X. km[m-c-W-bmbn amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, IpSpw-_w, A≤ym-]-I¿, kaqlw

Ch-cmWv Ipń-Isf ioe-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw Ipń-Iƒ A\p-I-cn-

°p-∂-Xpw. apXn¿∂-h¿ tIƒ°p-∂-Xn¬ 30˛40% amXw A\p-h¿Øn-

°p-tºmƒ Ipń-Iƒ 90-˛100% hsc A\p-h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂ hkvXpX

\mw Hm¿°p-I. AXp-sIm≠v Ipń-I-fpsS ipNn-Xz-ioew hf¿Øp-∂-

Xn\v hnZy-me-b-ß-fpsS ]¶v AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv. C—m-i-‡n-bp≈

`c-Whpw Inbm-fl-I-X-bp≈ A≤ym-]-Icpw CXn\ps≠¶n¬ lcnX

hnZym-ebw km≤y-am-bn. \nc-h[n ]mtTy-Xc ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ hn`m-

h\ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ ]pXnb ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ Imcy-ßƒ Ffp-∏-am°pw.

lcnX hnZym-ebw km≤y-am-°m≥ GXm\pw Bi-b-ßƒ ChnsS

Ipdn-°-s´.

˛ km[m-c-W-bmbn sdUvtIm-kv, F≥.-kn.-kn., F≥.-F-kv.-F-kv.,

kvIu v & ssKUv, Ft°m ¢∫v, t\®¿ ¢∫v, Ko≥ ¢∫v, kb≥kv

¢∫v, sl¬Øv ¢∫v F∂n-h-bn¬ GsX-¶nepw \ΩpsS kvIqfp-I-

fn¬ D≠m-Ipw. Cs√-¶n¬ CØcw ¢∫p-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-I. hnhn[

¢∫p-I-fn-embn apgp-h≥ Ipń-I-sfbpw AwK-ß-fm°n tN¿°p-Ibpw

Ahsc Xs∂ t\XrXzw G¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

˛ A≤ym-]-Icpw hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw tN¿∂v ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ hn`m-h\w

sNø-s´.

˛ Ipń-I-fpsS ipNn-Xz-io-e-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\mbn sl¬Øv

k¿t∆ \S-Øp-I.

˛ "Ko≥ Ah¿' ]cn-]mSn \S-∏n-em-°p-I.

˛ "Ko≥ ¢mkv' (G-‰hpw hrØn-bp≈ ¢mkv) a’cw \S-Øp-I.

˛ Iƒ®-d¬ FIvkvtN©v t]mKmw.

˛ anÃ¿ sl¬Øv tImº-‰o-j≥

sl¬Øv thmńwKv

˛ ipNnXz ioe-ßƒ thmńwKv coXn-bn¬ Is≠-ØpI/a\- n-em-°p-I.

˛ ktµ-i-ßƒ/t_m¿Up-Iƒ ÿm]n-°¬.

41


˛ N¿®-Iƒ/kwhm-Z-ßƒ/Iznkv a’-c-ßƒ.

˛ sl¬Øv k¿t∆ kao] ]tZ-i-ß-fnse InW-dp-Iƒ, hoSp-Iƒ

F∂n-h-bpsS ÿnXn a\- n-em-°p-I. ]cn-lmcw \n¿t±-in-°p-I.

˛ πmÃnIv \ntcm-[\w.

˛ aqey-h¿≤nX DXv]∂ \n¿Ωm-Ww.

˛ "sXfna' F∂ ssI∏p-kvXIw hnX-c-Ww. B ¢mkp-Iƒ IqSp-X¬

BI¿j-Wo-b-am-°¬.

˛ Ko≥ Ubdn (ip-NnXz ioe-ßƒ, ktµ-i-ßƒ, ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

Ch tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ip´n-Iƒ Icp-tX≠ Ub-dn).

˛ hr£ssX \´p-]n-Sn-∏n-°¬.

˛ ipNo-I-cW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ.

˛ t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ¢mkp-Iƒ.

˛ ]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Zn\-ßƒ BN-cn-°¬.

˛ ]Xw Xøm-dm-°¬.

˛ t]mÃ¿/s]bn‚nwKv a’-c-ßƒ.

˛ ]Ir-Xn-ku-lrZ Biwkm Im¿Uv Xøm-dm-°¬.

˛ sXcphp \mS-I-ßƒ.

˛ Kth-jW ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ/ ]T-\-ßƒ.

˛ ]qt¥m´ \n¿Ωm-Ww.

˛ ssPh-Ir-jn-tØm´w \n¿Ωm-Ww.

˛ aÆnc ItºmÃv \n¿Ωm-Ww.

˛ ag-sh≈ kw`-c-Wn.

thÃv HmUn‰v

G‰hpw Ipdhv thÃv DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ ¢mkv Is≠-Øp-I, kvtIm¿

\¬Ip-I.

Cßs\ \nc-h[n ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°m-\m-Ipw. C]-Imcw

anI® coXn-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ kvIqfp-Iƒ°v kwÿm\ k¿°mcpw

ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰nbpw hnhn[ GP≥kn-Ifpw Ahm¿Uv/kmº-ØnI

klmbw F∂nh \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. ]n.-Sn.-F. `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ Cu

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ t]m’m-l\w \¬In-bm¬ Imcy-ßƒ Ffp-

∏-ambn.


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lcnXw -/ Green ShophoSp-I-fnepw k∂≤ kwL-S-\-I-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-Ønepw Dev]m-Zn-

∏n-°p∂ ssPh- D-ev]-∂-ßƒ hn]-W\w sNøp∂ Hcp kwcw-`-amWv

lcnXw IS/Ko≥ tjm∏v. amcI IoS-\m-in-\n-Ifpw cmk-]-Zm¿∞-ßfpw

D]-tbm-Kn-°msX Irjn sNøp∂ ]®-°dn tXm´-ßfn¬ \n∂v t\cn´v

tiJ-cn®v ChnsS hnev]\ \S-Øp-∂p. DXv]m-Z\ hn]-W\ irwJ-e-

bn¬ G‰hpw Ipdhv IÆn-Iƒ tNcp-∂Xp hgn DXv]m-Z-I\v anI®

BZmbw e`n-°p-Ibpw D]-t`m-‡m-hn\v Btcm-Kyhpw ip≤-hp-amb

DXv]-∂ßƒ e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu IS-bn-eqsS hnhn[ ]Ir-

Xn-ku-lrZ DXv]-∂-ß-fmb t]∏¿ _mKv, XpWn k©n, \mS≥ Ic-

Iu-ie hkvXp-°ƒ F∂nh hnev]\ sNøm\pw km[n-°pw.

lcnX hnZym-e-b-ßƒ t]mse Xs∂ lcnXhoSp-Ifpw

lcnX Hmô-kp-Ifpw \ap°v krjvSn-°m-\mIpw

Ft°m Hmôkv

˛ LED _ƒ_p-Iƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-I.

˛ Du¿÷ kwc -£W

Unkvtπ-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-I.

˛ πmÃnIv b-ep-Iƒ Hgn-hm-

°p-I.

˛ ag-sh≈ kw -cWn \n¿Ωn-

°p-I.

˛ ssPh kw`-cWn ÿm]n-

°p-I.

˛ ÿe e`yX A\p-k-cn®v

Huj-[-tØm-´w, ]®-°-dn-

tØm-´w, ]qt¥m -´w ,

F∂nh \n¿Ωn-°p-I.

˛ tkmfm¿ Du¿÷w D]-tbm-

K-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

Ft°m lukvtlmƒUv

˛ amen-\y-ßƒ th¿Xn-cn®v

tiJ-cn-°p-I.

˛ tkmX- p-I-fn¬ Xs∂

kwkv°-cn-°p-I.

˛ aÆnc Itºm-Ãv, _tbm-

Kym -kv , Iƒń -sh¿´¿

F∂nh ÿm]n-°p-I.

˛ Du¿÷-kw-c£W Unkv

tπ-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-I.

˛ tkmfm¿ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.

˛ LED _ƒ_p-Iƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-I.

˛ ssPh-Irjn \S-Øp-I.

˛ ag-sh≈ kw`-cWn \n¿Ωn-

°p-I.

˛ ]qt¥m´w, ASp-°-f-tØm- w,

Huj-[-tØm-´w, F∂nh

\n¿Ωn-°p-I.

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lcnX IS XpS-ßm≥ Xmev]-cy-ap≈ k∂-≤-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ/ IpSpw-

_io ]h¿Ø-I¿ apt∂m´p hc-Ww. hm¿Up-I-fn¬ Ign-hXpw Bfp-

Iƒ Irjn/ ASp-°-f-tØm´w F∂nh sNø-Ww. Ch¿°v th≠ ]cn-

io-e-\hpw/ [\klm-bhpw _‘-s∏´ GP≥kn-I-fn¬ \¬Ip-∂-

Xm-Wv.

Ft°m lukvtlmƒUv/ lcnX hoSv ˛ lcnXw/ Ko≥ tjm∏v

Iq´p-sI´v amXr-Im-]-c-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v hgn-sbm-cp-°pw. `h-\-

ßƒ `£y hne-°-b-‰-Øn¬ \n∂v hnSp-X¬ t\Sp-∂-Xn-s\m∏w hcp-

am-\hpw kaq-l-Øn\v Btcm-Kyhpw ip≤-amb DXv]∂-ßfpw kwL-

S-\-Iƒ°v/ ...........-Iƒ°v anI® em`hpw e`y-am-°pw.

D]-kw-lmcw

Xncp-h-√sb kºq¿Æ ipNnXz ˛ lcnX \K-c-ambn am‰p-∂-Xn-

\p≈ ]mcw` ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v ChnsS XpS°w Ipdn-®n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv. Cu KŸ-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®-cn-°p∂ ]mtbm-KnI am¿§-ßƒ

Pohn-X-Ønepw ]h¿Øn-]-Y-Ønepw ]I¿ØpI hgn \ΩpsS e£y-

ßƒ ]qh-Wn-bpw. Hmtcm hy‡n-bpsS e£y-t_m-[-tØmsS I¿Ω-

]-Y-Øn¬ AWn-\n-c-°pI hgn "ipNn-Xzhpw lcn-Xm-`-hp-amb \mSv'

F∂ kz]v\w km£m-Xv°-cn-°-s∏-Spw. \ΩpsS \mSv AXv \ap°pw

\ΩpsS Xe-ap-dbv°pw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. B bmYm¿∞yw a\-

n-em°n \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw "¢o≥ B‚Uv Ko≥ kn‰n' ]≤Xn

kºq¿Æ hnP-b-Øn-se-Øn-°m≥ \nd™ a\-t msS ap∂n-´n-d-ßp-

sa∂v DØa hnizm-k-tØmsS hnP-bm-iw-k-Iƒ t\c-s´.

]cnkc ipNnXz ioe-ßƒ

1. amen-\y-ßƒ hen-s®-dn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I. tkmX- p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ Ah

kwkv°-cn-°p-Itbm AXn-\mbn \n¿t±-in-®n-cn-°p∂ am¿§-ßƒ

]n¥p-S-cp-Itbm sNøp-I.

2. πmÃnIv Ih-dp-Iƒ, Ip∏n-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS D]-tbmKw Hgn-hm-

°p-I.

3. πmÃnIv amen-\y-ßƒ IØn°m-Xn-cn-°p-I. AXv amc-I-amb hnjw

DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂p F∂v Xncn-®-dn-bp-I.

4. ]p\x-Nw-I-aWw sNøm-hp∂ ]mgvhkvXp-°ƒ hn¬°p-I.

5. ssPh amen-\y-ßƒ hf-am-°p-Itbm _tbm-Kymkv \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-

Xnt\m D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.


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6. ]Ir-Xn-ku-lrZ DXv]-∂-ßƒ amXw hmßp-I, D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I.

7. hoSpw ]cn-k-chpw t]mse s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßfpw hrØn-bmbn kq£n-

°p-I.

8. s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ amen\yw AXn-\mbn ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p∂ _n∂p-

I-fn¬ amXw \nt£-]n-°p-I.

9. sh≈w sI´n-°n-S-°p-∂-Xn\pw amen\yw Ipan-™pIq-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈

kml-N-cy-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°p-I. kmwI-anI tcK-ßƒ XS-bp-I.

10. t_m[-h-Xv°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXv t]m’m-

ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I.

11. InW¿sh≈w IrXy-amb CS-th-f-I-fn¬ t¢mdn-t\‰v sNbvXv ip≤n-

bm-sb∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I.

Du¿÷-kw-c-£W ioe-ßƒ

1. sshZypXn ]mgm-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I. D]-tbm-K-tijw D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

Hm^v sNøp-I.

2. Du¿÷-Im-cy-£-a-X-bp≈ sshZypX D]-I-c-W-ßƒ (LED, CFL) D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-I.

3. sshZyp-tXm-]-I-c-W-ßƒ hrØn-bm°n Imcy-£-aX Dd-∏p-h-cp-

Øp-I.

4. sd^n-P-td-‰¿ AXym-h-iy-Øn\v amXw Xpd-°p-I. NqSp≈ ]Zm¿∞-

ßƒ NqSm-dnb tijw amXw ^nUvPn¬ hbv°p-I.

5. kutcm¿÷w, _tbm-Kymkv F∂n-h-bpsS D]-tbmKw ]c-am-h[n

]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

6. bmX-Iƒ°v s]mXp-K-Xm-KX kuI-cy-ßƒ Ign-hXpw D]-tbm-Kn-

°p-I.

7. hml-\-ßƒ tISp-]mSv Xo¿Øv Imcy-£-a-Xbpw C‘-\-£-a-X-

bpw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I.

8. Sn.-hn., Iºyq-´¿ XpS-ßnb D]-I-c-W-ßƒ D]-tbm-K-tijw apgp-h-

\mbn Hm^v sNøp-I.

9. ag-°p-gn, Pe-kw-`-cWn XpS-ßn-bh \n¿Ωn-°p-I.

10. hr£-ßƒ \´p-]n-Sn-∏n-°p-I, BtKm-f-Xm-]-\w, ac-amWv adp-]-Sn.

Hand book

Environment

Transcript of Hand book