Hamaguchi Cabinet, Admiral Kato Kanji, Minseito, Seiyukai, the … data/2_1_37.pdf · Journal of...

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1 [email protected] Minoru Kawada Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Japan A series of political arguments during negotiation and ratification process of the London Naval Treaty of 1930 was one of the most serious domestic political situations in modern Japan within the Cabinet, the Foreign Ministry, the Navy, the political parties such as Minseito and Seiyukai, the Privy Council, the Kizoku-in, the Army and civilian right wingers. The London treaty fight deeply affected the fate of Japan. This study examines the policy argument over the treaty, focusing on Prime Minister Hamaguchi who was a main player to press for the treaty. It has been pointed out that Hamaguchi was moved by budgetary concerns but those who were against ratification of the treaty like Admiral Kato Kanji, were opposed him from military point of view. My interpretation, however, is that there are other significant factors: Hamaguchi s and Kato s argument over how Japanese policy toward the United States and China should be, or the future of Japan should be as a member of international community. Hamaguchi and his opponents ideas were so different, and that was one of the reasons for their serious conflict. After all the political argument within Japan, it can be said Japan s new state system operated by political parties including the Navy, the Army, and Privy Council was eventually working under the Hamaguchi Cabinet. At the same time, ratification of the London Naval Treaty of 1930 made it possible for Japan to become one of the leading countries in international society, along with the United States and Britain. Hamaguchi Cabinet, Admiral Kato Kanji, Minseito, Seiyukai, the Privy Council, the United States, China 1930 5 2000 2004 1929 4 10 7 10 16 2 1 21 5 1922 11 3 14 7 7 7 8500 6 9 7 5 6 5 2700 1936 4 1 4 22

Transcript of Hamaguchi Cabinet, Admiral Kato Kanji, Minseito, Seiyukai, the … data/2_1_37.pdf · Journal of...

Page 1: Hamaguchi Cabinet, Admiral Kato Kanji, Minseito, Seiyukai, the … data/2_1_37.pdf · Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1 Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and

Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

[email protected]

Minoru Kawada

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Japan

A series of political arguments during negotiation and ratification process of the London Naval Treaty of 1930 was one of the most serious

domestic political situations in modern Japan within the Cabinet, the Foreign Ministry, the Navy, the political parties such as Minseito

and Seiyukai, the Privy Council, the Kizoku-in, the Army and civilian right wingers. The London treaty fight deeply affected the fate of

Japan. This study examines the policy argument over the treaty, focusing on Prime Minister Hamaguchi who was a main player to press

for the treaty. It has been pointed out that Hamaguchi was moved by budgetary concerns but those who were against ratification of the

treaty like Admiral Kato Kanji, were opposed him from military point of view. My interpretation, however, is that there are other

significant factors: Hamaguchi s and Kato s argument over how Japanese policy toward the United States and China should be, or

the future of Japan should be as a member of international community. Hamaguchi and his opponents ideas were so different, and that

was one of the reasons for their serious conflict. After all the political argument within Japan, it can be said Japan s new state system

operated by political parties including the Navy, the Army, and Privy Council was eventually working under the Hamaguchi Cabinet. At

the same time, ratification of the London Naval Treaty of 1930 made it possible for Japan to become one of the leading countries in

international society, along with the United States and Britain.

Hamaguchi Cabinet, Admiral Kato Kanji, Minseito, Seiyukai, the

Privy Council, the United States, China

1930 5

2000

2004

1929 4 10 7

10 16

2

1 21

5

1922 11

3 14

7 7 7 8500

6 9 7 5 6

5 2700

1936

4 1

4 22

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2 1

1929 4 7

10

(1)

(2)

1930 5 4

5 58 8

9

6 9 7 5 1 8

6 5 2700

12

15 1933 1

3 36 1

1935 7

1936

3 3

7 7 7

8500

6 6

3

(3)

7 6 9 7 5

7

(4)

(5) 1

7

7

(6)

7

(7)

7

7 6

8

1933 16

1936

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and the London Naval Treaty of 1930

1935

8 15 (8)

16

1935

16 17

(9)

7 2 2(10)

6

1936

7

1933 5 16

18 1936

3 16 17 18

12 7 1936

6 7 7 37 6 3 7 38 6 2(11)

8

2

36

(12)

1936

8

(13)

2

(14)

23

23

23(15)

6(16)

1924 12 1 8

1929 2 15(17)

(18)

(19)

1930 28

18 13 25 24 (20)

7 8

5 2 7

3

10

(21)

(22)

(23)

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2 1

(24)

3

2

(25)

(26)

(27)

(28)

1935

(29)

1930 5 3 14

4 1

(30)

(31)

(32)

(33)

(34)

(35)

(36)

(37)

(38)

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and the London Naval Treaty of 1930

(39)

(40)

12 11

(41)

1 2

(42)

1

2

3

(43)

5 13

11 12

(44)

(45)

5 10(46) 5 13

(47)

5 13

5 13(48)

(49)

5 14 13

9 1919

5

(50)

1929

(51)

(52)

5

3

3

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2 1

6

23

7

(53)

4 1

(54)

3 4 3

19 1

(55)

(56)

1 (57)

(58)

(59)

2 3 27

(60)

(61)

(62)

(63)

(64)

2 25

(65)

6

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and the London Naval Treaty of 1930

5 5 (66)

(67)

(68)

3 4 1

(69)

(70)

(71)

(72)

3

(73)

(74)

(75)

(76)

3 31

3

(77)

4 1

3 31

(78)

4 1

(79)

3 31

4 1

3

3(80)

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2 1

3 26

3

(81)

3

3 31

(82)

4 1

4 1

7

(83)

4 2

12

(84)

12(85)

(86)

(87)

4 1

3 26

5

(88)

(89)

3

(90)

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and the London Naval Treaty of 1930

(91)

1923 12

?

(92)

3

3

(93)

Probability

(94)

6

7

3

(95)

6

(96)

(97)

11

8

(98)

(99)

7(100)

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2 1

(101)

1930 5 5 13

5 23

(102)

(103)

(104)

1930

5 8 13 9 26

(105)

(106)

(107)

4 1

(108)

4 2

(109)

(110)

1893

26

(111)

(112)

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and the London Naval Treaty of 1930

(113)

7

(114)

8 4

(115)

8 6(116)

10 1

(117)

(118)

(119)

(120)

1930 5 10 2

11 11

6 5

5 8000 3 7400

1 3400

15

1

6 3 11

14

4 13 8

26

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2 1

1929 4 8

8 9

4(121)

10

3

(1)

136(2) 183

193(3)

57 197(4) 688(5) 5 4 1

1963 38

1994

92(6)

1983 354 355(7)

1988(8) 84(9)

(10) 88(11) 688(12) 161 162(13) 680(14)

(15) 194(16) 665(17) 16 1973

11 141 142(18) 681(19) 666 667(20) 1958 916

1993

(21) 7

1964 88 1930(22) 157 180(23) 682(24) 159(25) 158(26)

(27)

(28) 191(29) 57(30) 5 4 26(31) 57(32) 5 4 26(33) 62(34) 67(35) 145 160(36) 181(37) 196 146 160(38) 105(39) 82 83(40) 145(41) 195(42) 81(43) 1950

1 56(44) 58(45) 170(46) 197(47) 173(48) 170(49) 173(50) 662 663(51) 663(52) 16 11 12

140 142(53) 665 667(54) 253 255(55) 669(56) 1956 13

(57) 314(58) 669(59) 1 28(60) 669

5 93(61) 669 670 5 4 1

31(62) 7 6(63) 1 32(64) 318(65)

7 37(66) 1 26(67) 7 4(68) 1 18 19(69) 255(70) 670(71) 256

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Journal of Human Environmental Studies, Volume 2, Number 1

Minoru Kawada: Hamaguchi Osachi and the London Naval Treaty of 1930

(72) 670

446(73) 7 7 8(74) 5 94(75) 7 8(76) 671(77)

7 39(78)

7 39

5 94(79)

7 39(80) 5 94(81) 18(82) 19(83) 1 35 36(84) 5 4 1

47 62

63(85) 2000 4 217

(86) 5 4 3(87) 7 8(88) 5 4 1

25 26

7 37

7

90 91(89) 1 63

1969 236

337

1 121 122(90) 40(91) 3

5 465(92)

1 66(93)

1993 161 162

7 88(94) 3(95) 50 1991

86(96)

2002 2(97) 11

1(98) 5 6

(99)

2002 2(100) 1982 671(101) 1968 1 775(102) 5 4 1

55(103) 7

94 95(104)

51

1985(105) 675 676 678(106) 694 695(107) 674(108) 672(109) 676(110) 674(111) 1971 2

260

2000 233(112) 674(113) 673 674(114) 695 696(115) 1 139(116)

150 2 5(117) 1 159(118) 5 9 17(119) 1 145(120) 1993 433(121) 1990 7

644

2004 3 30 2004 4 12