Hadron Physics @ Klaus Peters Ruhr-Universität Bochum Santiago de Campostela, Oct 27, 2003.

Hadron Physics Hadron Physics @@

Klaus PetersRuhr-Universität Bochum

Santiago de Campostela, Oct 27, 2003

2

K. Peters - Hadron Physics @ Panda

Overview

The Panda Physics Program Charmonium spectroscopy Charmed hybrids and glueballs Interaction of charmed particles with nuclei (Double) Hypernuclei Many further options

Detector Concepts for Panda

Conclusions

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QCD running coupling constant

2Q

transition from perturbative to non-perturbative regime

Q2 [GeV2]10 1 0.1 0.05p

ert

urb

ati

ve Q

CD

con

sti

tuen

t q

uark

con

fin

em

en

t

meson

s a

nd

bary

on

s

0 0.1 0.3 1Rn r [fm]

Transition from the quark-gluon to the hadronic degrees of freedom

perturbative strong

QCD

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Objects of Interest

Mesons/Baryons

Molecules/Multiquarks

Hybrids

Glueballs

+ Effects due to the complicated QCD vacuum

Quark AntiQuark

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Level Mixing

Ex

oti

c lig

ht

qq

Ex

oti

c cc

1 - - 1 - +

0 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0M e V / c2

10 - 2

1

1 0 2

Mixing (Light Quark)broad stateshigh level density

Better:narrow states and/or lower level densitycharmed systems !

Experimental approach: Charm physics: Transition

chiral to heavy quark limitsProton-Antiproton:

rich hadronic source

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Charmonium Physics

Open questions …

c – inconsistencies

c’ - (2S) splitting

h1c (1P1) unconfirmed

Peculiar decays of (4040)Terra incognita for

any 2P and D-States

… Exclusive Channels

Helicity violationG-Parity violationHigher Fock state contributions

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3500 3520 MeV3510C

Ball

ev./

2 M

eV

100

ECM

Charmonium Physics

e+e- interactions:Only 1-- states are formedOther states only by

secondary decays (moderate mass resolution)

pp reactions:All states directly formed

(very good mass resolution)

CBallE835

1000

E 8

35

ev./

pb

c1

1,2

J /e e

J /e e

+ -

+ -

® y® gc

® gg y® gg

1,2ppJ /

e e+ -

® c® g y

® g

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Charmonium Physics with pp

Expect 1-2 fb-1 (like CLEO-C)pp (>5.5 GeV/c) J/ 107/dpp (>5.5 GeV/c) c2 (J/ 105/d

pp (>5.5 GeV/c) c‘( 104/d|rec.?

Comparison of PANDA@HESR to E835Maximum energy 15 GeV/c instead of 9 GeV/cLuminosity 10x higherDetector with magnetic field – charged final statesp/p 10x betterDedicated machine with stable conditions

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Charmed Hybrids

Gluonic excitations of the

quark-antiquark-potential

may lead to bound states

LQCD: -potential of excited gluon fluxin addition to -potential for one-gluon exchangemHc ~ 4.2-4.5 GeV/c2

Light charmed hybrids

could be narrow if open charm

decays are inaccessible or

suppressed

important <r2> and rBreakup

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Simplest Hybrids

S-Wave+Gluon (qq)8g with ()8=coloured

1S0 3S1

combined with a 1+ or 1- gluon

Gluon 1– (TM) 1+(TE)

1S0, 0–+ 1++ 1––

3S1, 1–– 0+- 0–+

1+- 1–+

2+- 2–+

Meson – Hybrid Mixing

gMIX

gFSI

q

q

Exotic JPC

cannot! be formedby qq

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Charmed Hybrid Level Scheme

1-- (0,1,2)-+ < 1++ (0,1,2)+-

JKM00, NPB83Suppl83(2000)304 and Manke, PRD57(1998)3829

L-Splittingm ~ 100-250 MeV/c2

for 1-+ to 0+-

S-Splittings Page thesis,1995 and

PRD35(1987)16684.14 (0-+ ) to 4.52 GeV/c2 (2-+)

consistent w/LQCDJKM, NPB86suppl(2000)397,

PLB478(2000) 1510-+ 4.14

1-+ 4.37

2-+ 4.52

1-- 4.48

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

0+- 4.47

1+- 4.70

2+- 4.85

1++ 4.81

DD**

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Charmed Hybrid Level Scheme

1-- (0,1,2)-+ < 1++ (0,1,2)+-

JKM00, NPB83Suppl83(2000)304 and Manke, PRD57(1998)3829

L-Splittingm ~ 100-250 MeV/c2

for 1-+ to 0+-

S-Splittings Page thesis,1995 and

PRD35(1987)16684.14 (0-+ ) to 4.52 GeV/c2 (2-+)

consistent w/LQCDJKM, NPB86suppl(2000)397,

PLB478(2000) 1510-+

1-+

2-+

1--

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

0+-

1+-

2+-

1++

DD**

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Proton-Antiproton @ Rest/Flight

Gluon rich process creates gluonic excitation in a direct waycc requires the quarks to annihilate (no rearrangement)yield comparable to charmonium productionformation yield 8:1 due to colour octet in hybrids

Production

all JPC available

Formation

only selected JPC

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Proton-Antiproton @ Rest/Flight

Gluon rich process creates gluonic excitation in a direct waycc requires the quarks to annihilate (no rearrangement)yield comparable to charmonium productionformation yield 8:1 due to colour octet in hybrids

Momentum range for a survey pp ~15 GeV

p

p_

G

M

p

M

H

p_

p

M

H

p_

p

p_

G

p

p_

H

p

p_

H

Production

all JPC available

Formation

only selected JPC

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Exotics in Proton-Antiproton

Exotics are heavily

produced in pp reactions

High production yields

for exotic mesons

(or with a large fraction of it)f0(1500) ~25 % in 3

f0(1500) ~25 % in 2

1(1400) >10 % in

Crystal Barrel

Interference with other well known (conventional) states is mandatory for the phase analysis

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Open charm discoveries

The DS± Spectrum |cs> +c.c. was not expected to reveal any

surprises, but chiral and heavy quark aspects meet

Potential model

Old measurements

New observations

0 1 0 1 2 3

Ds

Ds*DsJ*

(2317)

Ds1

m [G

eV/c

2 ]D0K

D*K

DsJ

(2458)

Ds2

JP

# 1267 53 Events in peak

Com

bin

ato

rial D

S*+

DS*+

(21

12

)

BABAR

DsJ*(2317)

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Heavy Glueballs

Light gg/ggg-systems are

complicated to identify (mixing!)

Exotic heavy glueballsm(0+-) = 4140(50)(200) MeVm(2+-) = 4740(70)(230) MeV

Width unknown, but!nature invests more likely in mass than in momentumnewest proof: double cc yield in e+e-

Flavour-blindnesspredicts decays into charmed final states too

Same run period as hybridsIn addition: scan m>2 GeV/c2

Morningstar und Peardon, PRD60 (1999) 034509Morningstar und Peardon, PRD56 (1997) 4043

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Accessible cc-Hadrons at PANDA @ HESR @ GSI

Other exotics with identical decay channels same region

mass and phase spaceof recoil meson forexotic JPC included

conventionalcharmonium

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Charmed Hadrons in Nuclear Matter

Partial restoration of chiral symmetry in nuclear matter

Light quarks are sensitive to quark condensate

Evidence for mass changes of pions and kaons has been deduced previously:

deeply bound pionic atoms(anti-)kaon yield and phase

space distribution

D-Mesons are the QCD analogue of the H-atom.

chiral symmetry to be studied on a single light quark

Hayaski, PLB 487 (2000) 96Morath, Lee, Weise, priv. Comm.

D

50 MeV

D

D+

vacuumvacuum nuclear mediumnuclear medium

K

25 MeV

100 MeV

K+

K

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Charmonium in the Nuclei

Lowering of the D+D- massallow charmonium states to decay into this channel, thus resulting in a dramatic increase of width

(1D) Γ=2040 MeV (2S) Γ=0,322,7 MeV

Experiment:Dilepton-Channels and/or highly constrained hadronic channels

IdeaStudy relative changes ofyield and width of the charmonium states. 3

GeV/c2 Mass

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4

(13D1)

(13S1)

(23S1)

c(11S0)

(33S1)

c2(13P2)

c1(13P1)

c1(13P0)

DD3,74

3,64

3,54

vacuum

10

20

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J/ Absorption in Nuclei

Important for the

understanding of heavy ion

collisionsRelated to QGP

ppp

p

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J/ψ Absorption in Nuclei

Important for the

understanding of heavy ion

collisionsRelated to QGP

Reactionp + A J/ψ + (A-1)

Fermi-smeared cc-ProductionJ/ψ, ψ’ or interference region

selected by p-MomentumLongitudinal und transverse

Fermi-distribution is measurable

e+

e

J/

(e

+e

) p

b

p(pbar) GeV/c

pA J / (A 1)

0

200

100

3.5 4.54.0 5.0

FF

J/

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Further Experiments and Optional extensions

Hypernuclear physics 3rd dimension of nuclear chartFocus: Double Hypernuclei

Inverted DVCS - WACSMeasure dynamics of quarks and gluons in a hadronHandbag diagram – electromagnetic final states

Proton Formfactors at large Q2

s up to 25 GeV2/c4

D(S)-PhysicsSpectroscopy: Threshold productionBR and decay dalitz plots with high statistics

CP-Violation in the D-Sector

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The Antiproton Facility

Antiproton production similar to CERN,

HESR = High Energy Storage RingProduction rate 107/secPbeam = 1.5 - 15 GeV/c

Nstored = 5 x 1010 p

Gas-Jet/Pellet/Wire Target

High luminosity modeLuminosity = 2 x 1032 cm-2s-1

p/p ~ 10-4 (stochastic cooling)

High resolution modep/p ~ 10-5 (electron cooling)Luminosity = 1031 cm-2s-1

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Proposed Detector (Overview)

High RatesTotal σ ~ 55 mb

Vertexing(σp,KS,Λ,…)

Charged particle ID(e±,μ±,π±,p,…)

Magnetic tracking

Elm. Calorimetry(γ,π0,η)

Forward capabilities(leading particles)

Sophisticated Trigger(s)

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Participating Institutes(with Representative in the Coordination Board)

U Oriente, Alessandria

U Bochum

U Bonn

U & INFN Brescia

U Catania

U Cracow

GSI Darmstadt

TU Dresden

JINR Dubna I + II

U Edinburgh

U Erlangen

NWU Evanston

U & INFN Ferrara

U Frankfurt

LNF-INFN Frascati

U & INFN Genova

U Glasgow

U Gießen

KVI Groningen

IKP Jülich I + II

U Katowice

U Mainz

TU München

U Münster

BINP Novosibirsk

U Pavia

U of Silesia

U Stockholm

U Torino

Politechnico di Torino

U & INFN Trieste

U Tübingen

U & TSL Uppsala

IMEP Vienna

SINS Warsaw

42 Institutes (35 Locations) from 9 Countries:Austria - Germany – Italy – Netherlands – Poland – Russia – Sweden – U.K. – U.S.

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CompetitionBES, BNL, CLEO-C, DaBES, BNL, CLEO-C, DaΦΦne, Hall-D, JHFne, Hall-D, JHF

Topic Competitor

ConfinementCharmonium

all cc states with high resolution

CLEO-C only 1–– states

Gluonic Excitations

charmed hybrids

heavy glueballs

CLEO-C light glueballs

Hall-D light hybrids

Nuclear Interactions

D-mass shift

J/ψ absorption (T~0)DaΦne K-mass shift

Hypernuclei γ-spectroscopy ofΛ- and ΛΛ–hypernuclei

BNL indirect evidence only

JHF single HN

Open Charm Physics

Rare D-Decays

CP-physics in Hadrons

CLEO-C rare D-Decays

CP-physics in D-Mesons

ν,K-beams JHF rare K-Decays (?)

neutrino physics

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Why Antiprotons ?

high resolution spectroscopy with p-beams in formation experiments:

ΔE ΔEbeam

high yields of gluonic excitations in pp glueballs, charmed hybrids

event tagging by pair wise associated production,(particle, anti-particle) e.g. ppDD

large √s at low momentum transferimportant for in-medium "implantation" of hadrons:study of in-medium effects of charmed states

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Summary & Outlook

Investigation of Investigation of charmed hadronscharmed hadrons and and their interaction with their interaction with mattermatter is a is a mandatory task for the next decademandatory task for the next decade

The antiproton facility The antiproton facility HESR @ GSIHESR @ GSI addresses many addresses many important questionsimportant questions

A A high performancehigh performance storage ring storage ring and detector are envisaged to utilize and detector are envisaged to utilize a luminosity of a luminosity of L=2∙10L=2∙103232 cm cm-2-2ss-1-1

Hadron Physics @ Klaus Peters Ruhr-Universität Bochum Santiago de Campostela, Oct 27, 2003.

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Transcript of Hadron Physics @ Klaus Peters Ruhr-Universität Bochum Santiago de Campostela, Oct 27, 2003.