H8 jay cooke
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The Young Entrepreneur, 1840
The Patriarch, about 1900
Jay Cooke in his prime
Jay Cooke, the Veteran Capitalist
The Cooke Family, 1892
Jay Cooke’s Early Career
• trained in trading house in St. Louis
• learned transportation business at brother-in-law’s shipping firm in Philadelphia
• 1839 joined E. W. Clark & Co (Philadelphia, one of largest private banks in US), learned how to market securities, made partner 1842, by 1851 was also a partner in its branches NYC and St. Louis, retired from firm 1858
• bought and reorganized bankrupt abandoned canals and railways in Pennsylvania 1858-1861, and put them into operation
Jay Cooke, Civil War Financier
• January 1, 1861 opened Jay Cooke & Co (private bank, Philadelphia), floated a war loan of $3,000,000 to state of Pennsylvania
• early months of Civil War helped U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase get loans from leading bankers in North
• great success in distributing treasury notes (paper money)
• Treasury Dept failed to sell $500,000,000 of “Twenty-five” bonds authorize by Congress 2-25-1862; Chase named Cooke and two larger banks as special agents for sale
• Cooke advertised in press, appointed 2,500 sub-agents, quickly sold $11,000,000 more than authorized (Congress quickly sanctioned the excess)
• influenced establishment of national banks
• organized a national bank at Washington, DC and another at Philadelphia
• early 1865 played similar role in sale of $830,000,000 in “Seven-thirty” government bonds between February and July
A Check on Cooke’s New York Bank, 1868
A Bond
Cooke Castle on Gibraltar Island in Lake Erie
Rev. Henry, Jay Jr., and Families Playing Croquet
Daughters and Grandchildren Picnicking
Luxury Pullman on the Northern Pacific
Cooke’s Private Steamer
The Sportsmen: Cooke, Charles Barney, Henry Cooke
Jay Cooke State Park, Minnesota
Jay Cooke Statue in Minnesota
Jay Cooke Jr.’s Mansion in Philadelphia
Charles Barney Mansion
John Butler Mansion
Midwestern Farmhouse
Colorado Mining Town
Railroad Workers’ Shanty
Eleutheros Cooke’s House in Sandusky, OH
Charles D. Barney & Co
Southern Pacific ad
Cooke’s artist Thomas Moran, 1883
Moran at Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone, 1871
Moran’s sketch of Cinnabar Mountain, 1871
Moran’s sketch of Devil’s Slide, Yellowstone, 1871
Moran’s Excelsior Geyser, Yellowstone, 1871
The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone (1872, commissioned by Jay Cooke)
Marketing the West: A Northern Pacific $60 Chit for the Park
Northern Pacific ad for Mammoth at Yellowstone, 1902
Marketing the West: Be an Early White Explorer
Marketing the West: Nostalgia for Adventure
The Old West: Nostalgia or Triumphalism?
Northern Pacific ad
Old Faithful
Jay Cooke and the Gilded Age – Key Ideas
• the idea of capitalism
• the source of profit (labor theory of value)
• capital accumulation (method of obtaining profit)
• investments (capital circulation, “making money work for
you”)
• investment banking (managing capital, floating stocks and
bonds)
• locking up accumulated capital (creating family trusts)
• the development of advertising (creation of desire)
• development of tourism and creation of “destinations”