Christie Han, Raymond Hui, and Derek Lee MICROORGANISMS OF THE DEEP SUBSURFACE.
H ISTORY R ADIO PLAY (M ANDELA ) Class:3C Name: Chiu Ka Man (7) Hui Sum Yi (10) Hui Yan Hei (11) Lee...
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Transcript of H ISTORY R ADIO PLAY (M ANDELA ) Class:3C Name: Chiu Ka Man (7) Hui Sum Yi (10) Hui Yan Hei (11) Lee...
HISTORY RADIO PLAY(MANDELA)
Class:3C
Name: Chiu Ka Man (7)
Hui Sum Yi (10)
Hui Yan Hei (11)
Lee Chun Tung (14)
Lee Hin Tone (15)
Ng Kam Yuet (22)
TIME LINE Year Date Event
1918 July 18 Born Rolihlahla Mandela at Mvezo in the Transkei
1925 Attends primary school near Qunu (receives the name ‘Nelson’ from a teacher)
1930 Father dies.* Entrusted to Thembu Regent Jongintaba Dalindyebo at the age of 12
*While the autobiography Long Walk to Freedom places Madiba’s father’s death in 1927, historical evidence shows it must have been later, most likely 1930. In fact, the original Long Walk to Freedom manuscript (written on Robben Island) states the year as 1930.
1934 Undergoes initiation; Attends Clarkebury Boarding Institute in Engcobo
1937 Attends Healdtown, the Wesleyan College at Fort Beaufort
1939 Enrols at the University College of Fort Hare, in Alice
1940 Expelled
1941 Escapes an arranged marriage; becomes a mine night watchman; Starts articles at the law firm Witkin, Sidelsky & Eidelman
TIME LINE 1942 Completes BA through the University of South Africa (UNISA)
1942 Begins to attend African National Congress (ANC) meetings informally
1943 Graduates with BA from Fort Hare; Enrols for an LLB at Wits University
1944 Co-founds the ANC Youth League (ANCYL); marries Evelyn Ntoko Mase – they have four children: Thembekile (1945); Makaziwe (1947 – who dies after nine months); Makgatho (1950); Makaziwe (1954)
1948 Elected national secretary of the ANCYL
1951 Elected President of the ANCYL
1952 Defiance Campaign begins; Arrested and charged for violating the Suppression of Communism Act; Elected Transvaal ANC President; Convicted with J.S Moroka, Walter Sisulu and 17 others under the Suppression of Communism Act; Sentenced to nine months imprisonment with hard labour, suspended for two years; Elected first of ANC deputy presidents; Opens South Africa’s first black law firm with Oliver Tambo
1953 Devises the M-Plan for the ANC’s future underground operations
1955 Watches as the Congress of the People at Kliptown launches the Freedom Charter
TIME LINE 1956 Arrested and joins 155 others on trial for Treason. All are acquitted by 29 March
1961
1958 Divorces Evelyn Mase; Marries Nomzamo Winnie Madikizela – they have two daughters: Zenani (1959) and Zindzi (1960)
1960 March 21 Sharpeville Massacre
March 30 A State of Emergency imposed and he is among thousands detained
April 8 The ANC is banned
1961 Goes underground; Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) is formed
1962 January 11 Leaves the country for military training and to garner support for the ANC
July 23 Returns to South Africa
August 5 Arrested near Howick in KwaZulu-Natal
November 7 Sentenced to five years in prison for incitement and leaving the country without a passport
TIME LINE 1963 May 27 Sent to Robben Island
June 12
Returned to Pretoria Local Prison
October 9 Appears in court for the first time in what becomes known as the Rivonia Trial, with Walter Sisulu, Denis Goldberg, Govan Mbeki, Ahmed Kathrada, Lionel 'Rusty' Bernstein, Raymond Mhlaba, James Kantor, Elias Motsoaledi and Andrew Mlangeni
December 3 Pleads not guilty to sabotage in what becomes known as the Rivonia Trial
1964 June 11 All except Rusty Bernstein and James Kantor are convicted and sentenced (June 12) to life
June 13 Arrives on Robben Island
1969 July 13 Thembekile is killed in a car accident
1982 March 31 Mr Mandela, Sisulu, Raymond Mhlaba and Andrew Mlangeni and later Ahmed Kathrada are sent to Pollsmoor Prison
1985 February 10 Rejects, through his daughter, Zindzi, South African President PW Botha's offer to release him if he renounces violence
TIME LINE 1985 November 3 Admitted to the Volks Hospital for prostate surgery
November 23 Discharged from Volks Hospital and returned to Pollsmoor Prison
1988 August 12 Admitted to Tygerberg Hospital where he is diagnosed with Tuberculosis
August 31 Admitted to Constantiaberg MediClinic
December 7 Moved to Victor Verster Prison in Paarl where he was held for 14 months in a cottage
1990 February 2 ANC is unbanned
1990 February 11 Released
March 2 Elected ANC Deputy President
1993 December 10 Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize with FW de Klerk
1994 April 27 Votes for the first time in his life
TIME LINE May 9 Elected by Parliament as first president of a democratic South Africa
May 10 Inaugurated as President of the Republic of South Africa
December 14
Launches his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom
1995 Establishes the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund
1996 Divorces Winnie Mandela
1998 July 18 Marries Graça Machel on his 80th birthday
1999 Steps down after one term as President, establishes the Nelson Mandela Foundation
2001 Diagnosed with prostate cancer
2003 Establishes the Mandela Rhodes Foundation
2004 June 1 Announces that he will be stepping down from public life
TIME LINE 2005 January 6 Announces that his eldest son Makgatho had died of AIDS
2007 April 13 Attends the installation of his grandson Mandla as chief of the Mvezo Traditional Council
2008 July 18 Turns 90 years old, asks future generations to continue the fight for social justice
2009 Votes for the fourth time in his life; Attends the inauguration of President Jacob Zuma on May 9 and witnesses Zuma's first State of the Nation address; Turns 91
2010 Is formally presented with the Fifa World Cup trophy before it embarks on a tour of South Africa
2010 June 11 His great-granddaughter Zenani is killed in a car accident
2010 June 17 Attends the funeral of his great-granddaughter Zenani
2010 July 11 Makes a surprise appearance at the Final of the Fifa World Cup in Soweto
2010 July Celebrates his 92nd birthday at home in Johannesburg with family and friends
TIME LINE 2010 October 12 His second book Conversations with Myself is published
2010 November 18 Meets the South African and American football teams that played in the Mandela Challenge match
2011 January Is admitted to hospital in Johannesburg where he was diagnosed with a chest infection. He is discharged after two nights
2011 May 16 Votes in the local government elections
2011 June 27 His book Nelson Mandela By Himself: The Authorised Book of Quotations is launched
2011 June 21 Is visited at home by American First Lady Michelle Obama and her daughters Sasha and Malia
2011 July 18 Celebrates his 93rd birthday with his family in Qunu, Eastern Cape
2011 October 21 Is officially counted in South Africa’s Census 2011
TIME LINE 2011 December 25 Spends Christmas with family in Qunu
2012 February 25 Admitted to hospital for abdominal complaint
February 26 Discharged from hospital
2012 July 18
Celebrates his 94th birthday with his family in Qunu, Eastern Cape
December 8
Is admitted to hospital
December 26
Is discharged from hospital
2013 January 1 Spends New Year’s Day with members of his family in Johannesburg
March 9 Is admitted to hospital
March 10 Is discharged from hospital
TIME LINE March 27 Is admitted to hospital
April 6 Is discharged from hospital
June 8 Is admitted to hospital
July 18 Spends his 95th birthday in hospital
September 1 Is discharged from hospital
December 5 Dies 5th December 2013
QUOTES Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to
change the world. I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the
triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.
For to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others
A good head and a good heart are always a formidable combination
It is better to lead from behind and to put others in front, especially when you celebrate victory when nice things occur. You take the front line when there is danger. Then people will appreciate your leadership
If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart.
PHOTO
De Klerk and Mandela shake hands at the The inside of Mandela's prison cell as it was when he was
World Economic Forum, 1992 imprisoned in 1964 and his open cell window facing the
prison yard on Robben Island, now a national and World
Heritage Site. Mandela's cell later contained more furniture
including a bed from around 1973
Lime quarry on Robben Island where Mandela and
other prisoners were subjected to hard labour
Mandela c. 1937
REFLECTIONS
We are proud of Mandela that he is brave to fight for equality.
Although he was imprisoned and had failed many times, he still didn't give up and persist to help the black men to bring them to freedom. We should follow his spirit and don't give up when doing anything, and we must work together to make one as many people and Mandela work together to freedom, also we should always think positive and believe that we can do it.
REFLECTIONS
Though Mandela had been discriminated for many times, he still wanted to fight in a peaceful way. He didn’t start revenge and discriminate whites when they treated the blacks badly. Also, he wanted to bring peace to Africa and to the world.In our daily lives, we may hate others and living in a environment which filled with fights and violence because we wanted to win, but sometimes winning is not the most important thing that make us happy. Enjoy being loved and cared by others is much more then others.
REFLECTIONS
In our daily lives, we didn’t help others who are being discriminated and hated. We aren’t brave enough to help them and our minds are always affected by most of the people’s opinion. However, Mandela didn’t allow those unfair things keep happening and promoted justice and took actions on it.
The End