PowerPoint Presentation

Prese nted by-AnanyaKartikLaxminisha Gypsum and rubber

GypsumGypsum is a naturally occurring mineral that is made up of calcium sulphate and water that is sometimes called hydrous calcium sulphate.its solubility is 150 times that of limestone, hence it is a natural source of plant nutrients. Gypsum naturally occurs in sedimentary deposits from ancient sea beds.

GypsumGypsum is mined and made into many products like drywall used in construction, agriculture and industry. It is also a by-product of many industrial processes. It is also a by-product of many industrial processes.Gypsum is also used as a generic name for many types of sheet products made of a non-combustible corewith a paper surfacing that adds strengthThese include drywall, ceiling tiles, partitions, etc. whose strength is directly related to its thickness and a few trace materials.

COMPOSITION OF GYPSUM Hydro sulphate of Lime (CaSo4 + 2H2O) + Silica (varying percentage) + Carbonate of Lime + Carbonate of Magnesia + Iron Oxide.CaSO4+2H2O + CaCO2 + MgCO2+ FeO2gypsum

Types and source of gypsumThere are several types of naturally occurring gypsum, and many industrial processes also produce gypsum as a by-product of their systems such as phosphoric acid and citric acid manufacture.

Drywall Gypsum.Phosphor gypsumFlue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) gypsum .Mined Gypsum

Mined gypsumMined gypsum is found at various locations around the world. In North America there are gypsum deposits from Canada to Texas and in many Western States. Chemically raw mined gypsum is primarily calcium sulphate hydrated with water molecules in its chemical structure. Other materials and chemicals in mined gypsum may be small amounts of sand or clay particles and a few trace elements. The trace elements may be boron or iron to arsenic and lead and varies with each deposit.

Drywall gypsumDrywall or sheetrock consists of gypsum with a thin paper backing. It may contain very small amounts of other ingredients from impurities such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH), portlandite, or quartz. Extremely small amounts of iron, boron, manganese, phosphorous, cobalt, copper, zinc, etc.

Properties of gypsumCRYSTAL HABITS

BULK DENSITYCOMBUSTIBILITYSOUND ABSORPTIONFIRE RESISTANCEFINISHSTRENGTHSHRINKAGETERMITE RESISTANTENERGY INPUT

Common uses of gypsumCeiling tiles, paints, joint compound Claimed gypsum used as plaster Plaster of Paris and Plaster boardStucco additive Cement Filler and pigment uses Glassmaking Chemicals

Water treatmentSludge drying for stability and odor control Cement production (reduces setting time) Flea powder - Recycled gypsum makes up over 90% of the inert ingredients in flea powders. Grease absorption Athletic fields - Gypsum or recycled gypsum is used to mark lines on sports field.

Absorbents Absorbents - Gypsum is a better absorbent than a typical clay absorbent and due to its white colour, it is often preferred by those facilities that clean up all the absorbent after a spill, since it is very visible when saturated with the contaminate from the spill area.

Market for gypsum products

General agriculture.Horticulture.

Forestry and mine reclamation.

City parks and recreation areas Residential lawns (sod) Golf courses Composting Manure management

Gypsum as BUILDING MATERIALGypsumbuilding materialsare used in all construction types(residential, non-residential, new or refurbished), ranging from complex high-tech systems to easy toinstallproducts adapted for use by the general public.

More than 1,500 million m2of European interior surfaces are covered every year with plasterboards, blocks or plaster.

PLASTER BOARDSPlasterboard is used for partitions and the lining of walls, ceilings, roofs and floors. The properties of plasterboard can be modified to meet specific requirements, such as fire resistance, humidity resistance, shock resistance, etc.

Gypsum in interior

DECORATIVE PLASTERPlaster powder, mixed with water, manually or through the use of silo-supplied spray systems, are used to create an effective and aesthetically-pleasing lining for brick block walls, and for ceilings. Gypsums adaptability in application lends itself to moulding and shaping. Since time immemorial, Gypsum has been used by skilled craftsmen to createdecorative plaster mouldings.

Alabasteris a name applied to varieties of two distinctminerals, when used as a material:gypsum(ahydroussulfateofcalcium) andcalcite, carbonateof calcium, also known as onyx-marbleMainly used for stucco work

WHAT IS GYPSUM BOARD?Gypsum board is the generic name for a family of panel products that consist of a noncombustible core, composed primarily of gypsum, and a paper surfacing on the face, back and long edgesAll gypsum panel products contain gypsum cores; however, they can be faced with a variety of different materials, including paper and fiberglass mats.

gypsum wall board creates a continuous surface suitable for most types of interior decoration.

Advantages of Gypsum Board Construction Gypsum board walls and ceilings have a number of outstanding advantages:Ease of installationFire resistanceSound isolationDurabilityEconomyVersatility

Types of gypsum boardTextured plane perforated

According to finishTapered shape finish square shape finish

a row of small holes are made in so that a part may be torn off easily Great system for acousticsPERFORTED GYPSUM BOARDS

TEXTURED GYPSUM BOARD

TAPERED EDGE BOARD : It gives an invisible joint, the gap between each board is filled and finished in a way that a continuous and smooth surface is obtained.

SQUARE EDGE BOARD : It gives a visible joint in which a surface joint strip is used to make the joint invisible.

Gypsum fibreboardGypsum fibreboard is used for partitions and the lining of walls, ceilings, roofs and floors. Standard Gypsum fibreboard offers good performance when it comes to shock resistance, sound insulation and humidity resistance.

RUBBER

rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer which is milky, emulsion in the sap of several varieties of plant. produced from a milky liquid called LATEX.

It is also known as ELASTOMER

Rubber tree(extraction of milk)

It can be classified in two parts: 1.natural rubber 2.synthetic rubber

Synthetic rubber, invariably a polymer, is any type ofartificialelastomer mainly synthesised from petroleum byproducts.

Synthetic rubberNatural rubberNatural rubberis obtained from the milky secretion (latex) of various plants, but the only important commercial source of natural rubber (sometimes called Para rubber) is the treeHeve brasilien.

Types of Rubber :

Hard Soft foam

Spongy

Soft rubber is used in application such as automobile tyres, tubes, air hose for water, steam and air, overshoes, raincoats, floor tiles and mats, hot water bottles, erasers etc.Industial uses include protective lining in tanks and pumps, rubber belting, seals, closure. Hard rubber is used in electrical insulating parts, chemically resistant pipes and equipments and similar materials.

Foam rubber is made by incorporating gas into latex followed by vulcanization. Many products are made from this material including toys, pillows ,furniture, mattresses etc.

Sponge rubber is produced from dry natural or synthetic rubber into which a blowing agent such as sodium bicarbonate and fatty acid are injected. it is used in sealing, heat insulating, cushioning and shock absorptionUSES:-

PROPERTIES

Elasticity

Flexibility

Solubility

Abrasion Resistance

Insulate electricity

Acid and alkaline resistance

Water proof / repellence

Poor conductor of heat and elecricity

GREEN MATERIAL / ECO FRIENDLY MATERIAL

Rubber is produced naturaly which is a green material and can be recycled.

Importance of recycled rubber

Reclaming and recycled rubber uses less energy than produced by a new one.

It reduces the demand of new natural rubber which may keep rubber tree plantation from expanding into sensitive tropical ecosystem.

Uses in :

Flooring

Bridge construction

Expansion joints

Windows

Pipes

Roofing

Sound insulation

Sound absorber Windows, doors & glazing

Cladding

Electrical cable & components

Bridge bearings

Geomembranes & geotextiles

Road construction

Artificial sports surfaces

Seals & gaskets

Belting Emulsion paints

R U B B E R P R O D U C T S

In the construction industry, thermoplastic rubber is used for weather stripping windows and doors. Thermoplastic rubber is highly recommended as glazing gaskets for its ability to last long in harsh climate and extreme hot and cold temperatures. When glazing gaskets are exposed to the natural elements, there is that danger of it shrinking and deteriorating after a few years. Designers and engineers often prefer specifying top quality materials such as thermoplastic rubber to make sure the glazing gaskets will be able to withstand thermal pressure. RUBBER AS GLAZING GASKETSThe inside portion of the building also benefits from thermoplastic glazing gaskets as the air quality is kept intact, particularly when air conditioning or heating is used inside the room.

supplied as a double extrusion: tear it in half before installation.Using a putty knife or scraper, press the gap gasket into the gap between the window frame and the rough opening.

RUBBER SHEET-1) Made of recycled rubber 2) Specifications: 1,200 x 1,800 x 16 / 20mm 3) Widely used to pave the floors of stables

47

RUBBER MOULDSOne great use for rubber is the creation of moulds. As rubber is made by turning a liquid into a solid via the vulcanization process, it can be used to make a flexible mold, or injected into a mold to make a solid shape

RUBBER EMULSION PAINTPaint, the vehicle of which consists of rubber or synthetic rubber dispersed in fine droplets in water.

RUBBER FLOORINGIt is produced with synthetic rubber mix with pigment, resins, filler(curing material)Thickness =3/6 inch(3 to 4 mm)Tile -- 1 foot.It is expensive , excellent flooring.Used in public buildings.

companies in india manufacturing rubber building products kiran rubber industries pvt. ltdAtlantic polymer pvt.ltd Fairmont plymer pvt.ltd Sunflexindia.co.in Glenrock rubber products pvt.ltdKesaria Rubber Industries Pvt. Ltd.

HOUSEHOLD USES:-