Gynecologists By: Amanda Pantoja

Alejandra Ponce

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★ Gynecologist treat and diagnose diseases in the female genital and rectal organs

★ Care for women during pregnancy★ Discusses problems with patients and prescribes medicine★ discuss with patients about test results ★ discuss with women on how to have a good diet and proper hygiene ★ Examines patients to diagnose what the problems are★ Gynecologist educate women on complications that might happen during

pregnancy and the important diseases they need to know of ★ have to do surgical procedures (thinking about mother and baby’s health)★ Gynecologists perform pap smears in order to determine if women have

any diseases★ have to help women who are fertile with insemination

Description

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★ In 1500 Jacob Nufer was the first reported successful cesarean sectionto have both the mother and baby survive

★ In 1825 the first ever blood transfusion performed for postpartum hemorrhage was made by James Blundell

★ 1847 James Young Simpson used chloroform as an anesthetic during labor

★ In 1866 J. Marion Sims did the first human artificial insemination★ Alfred Duhrssen was the first successful series of vaginal cesarean

sections reported★ Oskar Kreis was the first person to use spinal anesthesia for labor in

1900★ First screening for cervical cancer introduced in 1941 by George

Papanicolau★ Ian Donald developed the ultrasound in 1958★ In 1978 in vitro fertilization first performed successfully by Patrick

Christopher Steptoe

History

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★ Common health issues include ○ Cervical Cancer○ Vaginitis○ Dysmenorrhea○ Yeast Infection

★ Cervical Cancer is common in women and is detected with pap smears and can be cured if it is detected at an early stage

★ Vaginitis is an infection in the female genital that causes irritation, itching, swelling etc. it can be caused by poor hygiene, std, bacteria in genital or harsh soaps and can be cured with over the counter pills or creams

★ Dysmenorrhea is a painful menstruation. symptoms may be nausea, dizziness, and back pain and can be treated with aspirin.

★ yeast infections are caused by an increase in yeast bacteria in the female genital. symptoms are itching and burning. yeast infections can be treated by over the counter creams or gynecologist might give you pills to take orally. the yeast infection gets cured with the treatments

Common Health Issues

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★ Students interested in being a gynecologist must first earn a high school diploma and complete a bachelor's degree that includes full-year courses in subjects like chemistry, physics, biology, mathematics and English. A high GPA and high scores on the Medical College Admission Test is required. It is taken in the third year of college.

★ Once admitted in medical school, a student must complete four years of a training program in gynecology which include classroom training as well as clinical practice. Residents must take on the responsibilities as a leader in either their third or fourth years of the program.

★ During the fourth year of residency, aspiring gynecologists must take an written and oral certification examination. Once this permission is granted, candidates are known as "registered residency graduates."

★ It usually takes 8 years to become a gynecologists: 4 years of medical school and 4 years of medical residency programs

Education

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Starting salary-$168,000Average annual salary-$250,000Highest average salary- $315,000

Average Salary

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★ Aside from AIDS, the most common sexually transmitted diseases among

women is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

★ In the U.S., more than 1 million women experience PID each year

★ teenagers having the highest rate of infection.

★ 100,000 women become infertile each year as a result of PID.

★ in 2012 about 8,010 women will die from endometrial cancer

★ more than 840 women will die of cervical cancer within the next year

★ in 2009 27,813 women died from a gynecologic cancer

Statistics

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Graphs

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★ Employment for physicians and surgeons are expected to grow 24 percent in the years 2010-2020

★ the birth rate can also determine whether the jobs will decline or increase in the next couple of years.

★ Total jobs (currently)-14,000★ fewer OB/GYNs are delivering babies because of the high cost of

insurance for this type of medicine★ jobs might decline because women are

having babies at home

Job Outlook

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★ Gynecologist have to have to be responsible of health and safety in others

★ have to have a high level of interactions with patients★ gynecologists always work indoors in clinics and hospitals ★ wear uniform(white jacket) and masks or gloves to protect

themselves from diseases★ work more than 40 hours a week★ have a work schedule★ sometimes can be on-call for emergencies★ gynecologists have to be exact on work ★ stressful environment due to daily deadlines★ have to make decisions that will impact patients lives

Work Conditions

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Cervical Biopsy Podcast

Podcast

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Video

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A day in the life... 12:00 p.m. — A scheduled C-section on a 26-year-old. In her third pregnancy, the patient has requested tubal sterilization, so we prepare for this as well.

2:00 p.m. — C-section finished. Gets called on a 20-year-old, who, at 41 weeks, needs labor induction.

3:15 p.m. — Grab a quick bite to eat.

4:00 p.m. — Rounds on the maternity ward. Many patients with male newborns request circumcision, perform any circumcisions requested.

6:00 p.m. — Quick check on the patient who was bleeding earlier. Her bleeding has stopped, but I plan for further observation.

7:00 p.m. Home dinner with my family, which is waiting.

10:00 p.m. Gets call from the clinic's labor and delivery unit about an 18-year-old who is contracting every two minutes. The nurse says she is not dilated, but she asks for my recommendations. Instruct her to start intravenous fluids and testing to assess risk for pre-term delivery.

10:45 p.m. — Follow-up call on the 18-year-old, who is still contracting. Reviews her test results and determines it's safe to administer medications to stop her contractions.

11:30 p.m. — Another follow-up call on the 18-year-old. The medication is effective, and the patient stops contracting. Fetal monitoring is normal. Her risk for pre-term delivery is low, so we send her home with an appointment to return within the week.

3:00 a.m. — A colleague wakes me up with the news that a patient is in active labor, so it's time to drive back to the hospital. It seems there is always a delivery in the middle of the night!

8:00 a.m. — Time to hand off these cases to my colleagues. Checks in briefly with the higher-risk cases, and then it's time to go home and rest. 13

Pictures

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animations

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★ http://www.iseek.org/careers/careerDetail?id=8&oc=100509★ http://www.obgynhistory.com/★ http://newmigla.hubpages.com/hub/Most-common-gynecological-

problems★ http://womenshealth.answers.com/reproductive-health/common-

gynecology-symptoms-and-issues★ http://www.healthcaresalaryonline.com/ob-gyn-doctor-job-description.

html★ http://usmilitary.about.com/library/milinfo/afoffjobs/bl45gx.htm★ http://nyp.org/health/gyneonc-stats.html★ http://www.hopkinsmedicine.

org/healthlibrary/conditions/gynecological_health/statistics_gynecological_health_at_a_glance_85,P00587/

Bibliography

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