Gumla Report

7/28/2019 Gumla Report

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A

Report on

Gumla rural visit

(07-03-12 to 10-03-12)

Xavier institute of social service

Finance-1

Submitted by:

ANKIT KEDIA (36)

AARTI SINGH (45)

SHRESTH KOTISH(47)


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INTRODUCTION

History:

During our brief stay of 3 days at gumla we got the oppurtunity to visit the museum which waslocated inside the campus of st. Ignatious high school. We got the glimpse of the history,the

culture which was prevalent there;their houses,clothes,ornaments,utensilsetc.we came across

their mythological beliefs.we talked to the local people there and the officials of both non-governmental and governmental organisations.

Long ago gumla was a small hamlet. Fairgau-mela took place once in a year and continued forone week. Here all items of daily use, utensils, ornaments, grains, cattle etc. Were sold &

exchanged. Since there was no other alternative to get the items, people make a long list of items

required during the year and buy them in this mela. People from distant places used to come here

for buying & selling cattle such as cows & bullocks for agricultural purposes. Gradually peoplestarted to inhabit this place. It grew into a village and got the name gumla as a derivative of gau

mela.

During the british rule there was a revolt against the british rule in 1800 ad. Hardly seven years

later in 1807, the oraons in barway murdered their big landlord of srinagar west of gumla. Soon

the uprisings spread around gumla.during british rule gumla was underlohardaga district. In1843 it was brought under bishunpur province that was further named ranchi. In fact ranchi

district came into existence in 1899. In 1902 gumla became sub-division under ranchi district.

During medieval era chhotanagpurregion was reigned by kings of naga dynasty. Baraik

devenandan singh was given right to rule over gumla circle..

On 18 may 1984 gumla district came into existence .sri jagannath mishra then ruling chief

ministerofbiharinaugurated it and sri dwarika nath sinha acquired the post of 1st deputycommissioner of the just born district.

Geography:

Geographically, gumla is located on southern part of the chota nagpur plateau which forms the

eastern edge of the deccan plateau

System. There are three major rivers, which flow through the gumla viz. South koyel, north

koyel and shankh river.

Climate:

Gumla enjoys a good climate characterized by a pleasant cold and temperate weather conditions.Gumla has a sub-tropical climate. Temperature ranges from maximum 40 to 20c during

summer, and minimum 21 to 3c during winter. The annual rainfall is about 1450 mm. From

june to september the rainfall level is about 1,150 mm.

Demographics:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohardagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranchihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhotanagpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chota_Nagpur_plateauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-tropicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-tropicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chota_Nagpur_plateauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhotanagpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranchihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohardagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle


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gumla has a total population of 1025656 out of which 514730 are males and 510926 are

females.population density is 193 persons per sq. Km.the sex ratio is 993.growth rate from 2001-

2011 has been 23.21.gumla has an average literacy rate of 66.92%: male literacy is 76.87%, andfemale literacy is 56.97%. In gumla, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. The child

population 0-6 years is 168241.child sex ratio(0-6 years)is 955.the child proportion to total

population is 16.40.

The major languages spoken in this region of jharkhand are nagpuri orsadri, hindi, oriya, bihari

& kurukh.

Education:

Education has always been a problem for gumla. Due to non-availability of good colleges,students are forced to go to ranchi for higher education. The colleges here come under ranchi

university. There are three colleges: kartik oraon college, womens college and karunavati devimemorial college. There are numerous schools in gumla, many of them are very good and even

produce state toppers.

Saraswati shishu/vidya mandir, don bosco school, st. Ignatius school, oxford public school, natro

dame school, d.a.v. public school, st. Stephens school, ursuline convent, s.s. high school, st.Patrick school, wescott public school etc. Are some of the schools here. St. Ignatius school is a

jesuit run school which has produced international level hockey players.

However,talking to the locals there in the villages like selam,khatkhor,ghanghor we felt that

awareness is increasing among the people.they understand the importance of education and are

willing to give their children the higher education.they were upset regarding the fact that there

was no such school nearby and if their children wished to study further they would have to goout of their places.the facility of primary education also needed to be improved further.but what

was fascinating was their zeal and enthusiasm to improve their situation.

Tourist attraction:

Anjan - small village about 18 km away from gumla. The name of the village has beenderived from the name of goddess anjani, mother ofhanuman. Many objects of archeological

importance obtained from this place has been placed at patna museum. It is birth place ofhanuman.

Baghmunda - it is famous for religious stone idols (ajanta caves stone idols). Rajendra - it has great scenic value. It is surrounded by hills on all sides. It is as beautiful as

any other famous hill stations in india.

Dewaki - it is a place of religious importance. It is famous for a shiv-parvati temple. Duringsawan month devotees from every corner visit here to offer water to the shiva linga and the

place becomes a fair ground.

Hapamuni - famous and ancient village mahamaya temple that is the identity of this village. Palkot Nagfeni - it is famous for the jagannath temple and there is a big rock in the shape ofsnake

'nag'. It has its own natural beauty.

Tanginath
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagpurihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriya_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihari_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurukhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagannathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurukhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihari_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriya_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadrihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagpuri


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Birsa munda agro park Raidih - raidih block, one of the eleven administrative blocks of gumla district, jharkhand

state, india,which is famous for its scenic beauty.it is well known as patratoli.basudevkonawhich has importance of tourism is situated at 3 km from block headquarter. Hiradah one of

the most beautiful picnic spot is situated at the kobja panchayat and in raidih there are many

picnic spot like sankhghat,etc.

Festivals and dances:

Gumla is home to people of many castes, creeds and sects. All festivals are celebrated withpomp, glory and in harmony.

Karmathis a festival of brothers and sisters .it is celebrated in rotation from one village to

another .like other festivals it is also a way of merry making by local population .this festival is

divided into three categories :-

Raj karma.

Budhui karma. Padda karma.Raj karma is celebrated by the whole community in this region .budhi karma is celebrated onlyby old women in the month of june to call the god of rain .the third one is celebrated by the

whole villagers .

Sarhul dance

Sarhul which is a prominent festival of oraon cant be thought without dance . People hold

together in a chain and form a circle then practice this dance along with music and song .Musicians with their traditional music instruments remain inside the circle .men wear white dhoti

with red border and women wear white sari with red border .watching a dance group causes oneto be a part of it .


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sarhul_dance.jpg


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Day 1(07-03-13):

We reached Gumla in the afternoon. The scenic beauty of the place has already startedfascinating us. We were welcomed by the arouse officials which is a non-governmental

organization there. We were welcomed heartily by them.

First we went to see the museum. That was where we got the real glimpse of the tribal culture.

Commendable work has been done to preserve the ancient artifacts. We saw the primitive house

of the tribals, their ornaments, utensils.

At evening we were addressed by the officials from AROUSE. Father Thomas who is theincharge of AROUSE, is there from the last one and a half years also had a talk with us.

AROUSE has been doing a praiseworthy role in the upliftment of gumla. Their are various

programmes they have undertaken and are doing. Few of these are- injot dahar(adult

education),balwadi(kindergarten),self-help groups, legal aid, sericulture, food preservation,community health, computer education cptc(centre for promotion of tribal culture) programe

and many more. They told us that gumla and simdega are very sensitive areas .There is aproblem of naxalites. There are no industries and is a completely agragarian belt

On experimental basis they have started chilly production in two nearby villages. They told they

had produced 7 kgs of chilly and sold in the market . Till now they are selling in the local marketbut recently they have plans to expand their market.

For rice cultivation SRI TECHNIQUE is adopted which gives a healthy yield of rice.


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Day 2(21-10-11):

First we went to a village named KHATKHOR where women with the help of microfinance,raised 25 sheds of poultry each being looked by women. Initial support was given by Punjab

national bank and others in the form of poultry loan. Rs. 45000 is required per shed. Rs 15000 is

put by gramin themselves and microfinance is provided on the remaining part. Income is aroundRs 6000-Rs 7000 per month. Jila Udyog Kendra is there to provide finance. In 2010 they were

made aware with the idea and in dec. They were given training. First year their income was rs.

8000.

The scheme is not too old but the results have been remarkable. The family condition have

improved. Their children go to school. They are improving their livelihood and have definiteplans for the future.They are able to save upto Rs. 1000 or so. Women themselves look after the

whole thing.

Brief idea about financing in Khatkhor village by PNB

Size and total area- 400 sq. Feet Proposed to be purchased- 400 chicks

Estimated cost of-

1. Birds 400@Rs3-. Rs120002. Shed 45000 by co-operative society

Medicine @Rs 1.5+feed@Rs 19= Rs 9150

3. Purchase of birds

Purchase of equipments

Feed (this all arranged by arouse co-operative society)Water supply

Medical aidSale of birds, eggs etc

4. Loan provided by PNB- Rs21000 per member

5. Economic viability:

i. Incremental income per year- from negligible to Rs 7000 per monthii. Amount of loan repayment per year-Rs7000+interest per year

iii.

Due dates of repayment-After 30-45 daysiv. Repayment suggested-36 equal monthly instalmentsAmount of instalments-Rs 7000+interest per year Rs 583+interest per month
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:1.5+feed@Rsmailto:1.5+feed@Rsmailto:[email protected]


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Gumla Gramin Poultry

A project started 6 year ago with Rs 12.53lakh. Project funded by the state co operative dept.And implemented under the supervision of New Delhi based NGO Pradhan introducing villagers

to poultry activities. It involved rearing of chicks.

Feed for chicken:

Stages Days Ingredients Rs/ sack

Pre starter 1-12 soya oil + soya doc 3826 type of medicine

Starter 13-25 soya oil + medicine 37.75

Finisher 26 +soya oil + medicine 37.75

These medicines are brought from cooperatives.

Beside this 5% is made by factory itself, whenever there is unavailability of rawmaterials.

The medicines in feed were: - DCP, LSP, TM, Vitamin, F1 chloride, Na2co3, liver power,

etc. There exact amount and concentration were also mentioned in their SDP.

All the dock in the factory was registered.The processed feeds were transported to nearby villages:-

Palkot Ghaghra Raidi

Under the guidance of Pradhan, women of Sielam learnt to look after the day old

chicks, feed them, keep the shed clean to prevent outbreak of disease. SHG were formedto help, run the business.

Poultry is less time consuming and pay dividend in less than one and half month withfeed and medicine provided by the cooperative staff. The excrete of chicks is a good

fertiliser for paddy. At present, a total of 552 women from the village of Sielam, Rukrum

and ludam are on the roll of the Gumla Gramin self supporting cooperative society ltd.


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Day 3(22-10-11):

On the third day of our journey we first we went to a model village JHARGAON , after that wewent to Gumla Graamin Poultry Self Supporting Co operative which was established in

2002.Also we went to the local market (HATT) to know how a local market operates. After that

we had a interactive session with the local Chamber of Commerce regarding the business issuesin Gumla

Jhargaon-the idea of a model village:

The Gumla administration has embarked on developing more Maoist-hit villages into model onesin the district. It has now stepped up selecting 50 red-infested remote villages to initiate a new

phase of development there. These villages will be developed under the centrally-sponsored

integrated action plan which aims to mitigate naxalite influence.

After achieving success in two selected model villages jhargaon and tilwari in the district, the

administration has selected and developed maoist-hit rural hamlets by starting variousdevelopments, livelihood and welfare measures.

Gumla is among the 33 most extremists-affected districts (meads) in the country.

The changes we noticed in the village after becoming a model village were as follows:-

Village people are doing well in intercropping like plantation of ginger, potato etc. Aganbari became the model of the village Schools are having total 140 students enrolment in the ratio of 60:40 where girls are

leading. The school of the village gives education up to 7-8 afterwards student go the high schools

for the further education. The high school is located outside the village and they have

both a private and a government school. The medium of the education is in the Hindi medium. The educating technique used by the school was appreciable. It is a room to read

programme. The fund for the school is provided by the vibhag. There are three teachers for 140 students. More number of students enrolled in the schools and sanitation improved especially each

house is having sauchalaya facilities.

Various advancements have taken place like pension to the senior citizens, facilities forthe handicapped, and overall development in terms of roads, wells, handpumps,plantation ,electricity etc by MNREGA.


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THE LOCAL MARKET (HATT)

A major source of earning for a majority of Gumla population. Majority traders in the market are old aged people. New population do not desire to work in this local market because of less growth

opportunity. There are few branded products available in the market which they bring from the local

markets of Ranchi.

Majority products they sell are of low quality because of illiteracy and unawarenessamong people.

Some products sold there are inspired by the popular brands which are sold in similarpackaging of the popular brands but with different names.

Financial parameters of Gumla-discussion by Chamber of Commerce

Gumla is having Rs80lakh whole mobile transaction. The following things discussed that how

people do business and the growth of financial parameters of Gumla people----i. They do normal deposits

The buying preference is less cost and more quantity

ii. Industries here are financed by Zila Udyog Kendraiii. Mahila mandal is active more in Gumla and loans are provided from banksiv. Silk sari is good for business in Gumlav. Dairy business is also working good ex-Gumla diary, Hindustan dairy etc

Net banking facility provided by BANK OF INDIA


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FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

i. MNREGA should function properly in Gumla in order to provide people of Gumla allrequired facilities done by government for their holistic development.

ii. There is big problem of sanitation in few villages of Gumla district which should besolved as early as possible by an NGO initiative and local people effort.

iii. Banks should come up with new schemes and facilities for the people in terms of saving,businesses, SMEs etc

iv. Government should participate actively to eradicate Maoist activities so that in order topromote industries in Gumla

v. Small scale industries should be promotedvi. Agro business can grow here, therefore, it should be initiated and produced for exporting

in other states too for increasing income reserves of the district

vii. Infrastructure development is necessary for less transportation cost and food price costviii. Poultry business can become the best source of development in Gumla

ix. Promoting education as education is the best way to curtail the problems of Gumla inparticular and nation in general.

x. People of Gumla should avoid the consumption of liquor.xi. Need for promoting self helped groups on a large scale by government institutions and

NGOs for empowering women of village.


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CONCLUSION

The visit in every sense was fruitful. We came across the rural culture . Some of us visited rural

area for the first time. the pure and serene environment there was fascinating. People were very

nice. They welcomed us whole heartedly.

The visit made us clear the problems of the area. Gumla is a place full of enormous potentialities.The resources have been underutilized , the basic reason for the poor development scenario are:

unemployment, lack of education and health facilities, industries.

However, the situation is changing rapidly the women are actively participating and playing an

important role in the overall development and employment creation in this area our findings out

of the visit also reveal the same.

Gumla Report

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