DRACUNCULIASIS (GUINEA WORM DISEASE) Frank Mu. Dracunculiasis documented as far back as 1550 BC.
Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley
description
Transcript of Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley
![Page 1: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Guinea Worm in the Niger River
ValleyBy Rebecca Timson and Bert Abbott
![Page 2: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Regional BackgroundFor centuries, competition for water access in
the Niger River Basin has interfered with protection of water quality.
Protection of water quality requires transboundary cooperation.
Lacking such cooperation, diseases like guinea worm go uncontrolled.
![Page 3: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Early use of the river
![Page 4: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Empire and control of the river
![Page 5: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Focus on trade
![Page 6: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Modern control of the river
![Page 7: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Competition for waterHere, a farmer prepares land beside the Niger for planting.
Here, cattle run through a part of the riverbed.
![Page 8: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Pollution of the water
![Page 9: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Impact of climate change
![Page 10: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Transboundary cooperation The Niger Basin Authority aims to:
•Support transboundary development projects
•Improve environmental protection in the basin
But participating countries are not bound by decisions of the NBA, so it has little power.
![Page 11: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Local cooperationHere, you see a team of relief workers on the flooded river.
Here, a woman assists with a riverbank reforestation
project.
![Page 12: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Carter Center works to eradicate guinea worms in the region
![Page 13: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Guinea Worm as a DiseaseAKA Dracunculiasis, “Affliction with little
dragons”European explorers saw it on the Guinea
coast in the 17th century
![Page 14: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
How Infection SpreadsInfection by drinking water with water fleas
carrying larvaeIncubation takes 1 yearOften exits through leg/foot
Causes painful burning -> soak blister in waterSore is susceptible to infection
![Page 15: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Recontamination of Water
![Page 17: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Disease PreventionStop Entry into Body
Use clean water sources Make new water
sources Treat old ones with
larvicidesFilter or boil
drinking water
![Page 18: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Disease PreventionStop contamination of water
sourcesCommunity participationControl removal of worm
from bodyKeep ALL feet/legs away
from water
![Page 19: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Guinea Worm in the Niger River Valley](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062302/56816758550346895ddc149e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
In 1986 , there were 3.5 million cases of guinea worm disease in 21 African and Asian countries.
In 2011, there were only 1,058 cases in four African countries:
Mali, South Sudan, Ethiopia & Chad