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Guidelines for RC Tones

Very often, in entrance exams like CAT, there are quest ions in Reading Comprehension based onthe "sty le" of the passage. Such questions can appear in various forms. Some of the forms of suchquestions are:

1. "Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage?"2. "The tone of the passage is.... "3. "The author's approach/tone/style of writing in this passage can be termed/described as....."

Such questions should not be attempted unless you have read the entire passage (unlike certainother categories of questions which can be attempted without reading the entire passage). Onceyou read the entire passage ask y ourself what the basic approach/sty le of the author is (withoutlooking at the answer choices). Then locate the answer choices and select the one which comesclosest to what you thought of in you mind.

For your understanding a list of words that you should be familiar to answer questions on "tone"is given below: Please make sure that you understand meanings of the words given in thefollowing table .

Possible tone Meaning of the word

Acerbic Harsh/ severe ; bitter

Aggress ive Forceful; tending towards unprovoke d offensiveness

Angry/indignant

Apathet icEmotionless; not interested/ concerned; indifferent;unresponsive

ApologeticExpressing remorse, regret, sorrow for having failed,injured, insulted or wronged another

Belligerent Aggressively hostile; bellicose

BiasedFavouring one thing/person/group over another forpersonal reasons.

Caustic Biting; acerbic

Commiserating Feeling/ expressing sorrow for; empathizing with; pity

CondescendingPatronizing; showing/implying patronising descentfrom dignity/ superiority

Contemptuous Expressing contempt/ disdain

Cynicaldisplaying a belief that people are always self-seekingand never altruistic in their actions

Deris iv e Unkind a nd displa ying contempt

Disparaging Speak slightingly; depreciating; belittling

DogmaticAsserting opinions in an arrogant manner; imperious;dictatorial

EmotionalEasily affected by feelings actuated by experiencinglove, hate, fear and the like

Ethical Dealing with principles of morality; honest; righteous

EuphemisticSubstitution of mild, indirect or vague expression for onethought to be offensive, harsh or blunt

Grandiose More complicated/ elaborated than necessary; pompous

HumanisticEvincing keen interest in human affairs, nature, welfare,values

Humourous Funny and amusing

Introspective Consider one's own internal state of feelings

Incendiary Causing strong feelings

Laudatory Praising; extolling; applauding

Motivating Impelling; inciting

ObsequiousFawning; showing serv ile complaisance ; flattering;deferent

Pedestrian Lacking vitality, imagination, distinction

PopulistEgalitarian; pertaining to the characteristics of commonpeople/ working class

Provocative Inciting; stimulating; irritating; vexing

RomanticFanciful; impractical; unrealistic; extravagant;exaggerated

SarcasticHarsh, bitter derision; taunting; sneering; cuttingremarks

SatiricalIronical; taunting; human folly held up to scorn/derision/ ridicule

SpeculativeTheoretical rather than practical; thoughtful; reflective;hypothetical

TechnicalUsing terminology or tre ating subject matter in amanner peculiar to a particular field, as a writer or abook

Vitriolic Full of anger and hatred

Vituperative Cruel and angry criticism

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