Guidelines for planning and...

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP

Field CommunicationPROFIBUS-DP/PA:

Guidelines forplanning and

commissioning

Profibus-DP/PA Overview Table of Contents

Metso Endress+Hauser 1

Table of Contents

Notes on Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.1 Advantages of a bus system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 PROFIBUS standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.3 PROFIBUS in process engineering . . . . . . . 8

2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1 Synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.2 Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.3 Bus access method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.4 Network configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.5 Applications in hazardous areas . . . . . . . . 15

3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.1 Synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.2 Segment couplers and links . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.3 Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.4 Bus access method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.5 Network configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.6 Applications in hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . 24

4 Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

4.1 Selection of the segment coupler . . . . . . . . 264.2 Cable type and length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274.3 Calculation of current consumption . . . . . . 284.4 Voltage at last device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294.5 Calculation examples for bus design . . . . . 294.6 Data quantity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354.7 Cycle times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374.8 Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374.9 Example calculations for addressing

and cycle times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.1 Cabling in safe areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425.2 Example: screening in safe areas . . . . . . . 435.3 Example: screening in explosion

hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445.4 Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455.5 Overvoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455.6 Installation of the devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.7 Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6 System Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

6.1 Device database files (GSD) . . . . . . . . . . . 496.2 Data format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

6.3 Notes on network design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526.4 Tested system integrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536.5 Bus parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

7 Device Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

7.1 PROFIBUS-PA block model . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.2 Device management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597.3 Physical block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607.4 Transducer blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627.5 Function blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637.6 Operating program Commuwin II . . . . . . . . 667.7 Operating Simatic PDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

8 Trouble-Shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

8.1 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698.2 PLC planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708.3 Data transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718.4 Commuwin II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

9 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.1 PROFIBUS-DP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739.2 PROFIBUS-PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

10 PROFIBUS-PA Components . . . . . . . . 75

10.1 Endress+Hauser and Metso field devices . 7510.2 Network components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8310.3 Supplementary documentation . . . . . . . . . . 84

11 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

11.1 Bus architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8511.2 Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8611.3 Data exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8711.4 Miscellaneous terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

12 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

12.1 Calculation sheets for explosionhazardous areas EEx ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

12.2 Calculation sheets for explosionhazardous areas EEx ib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

12.3 Calculation sheets for non-hazardousareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines

2 Metso Endress+Hauser



Notes on Safety

Approved usage

These operating instructions are intended as a planning aid for the use ofEndress+Hauser and Metso devices in PROFIBUS-PA systems. The approved usage ofthe individual devices can be taken from the corresponding device operatinginstructions.

Installation,commissioning,operation

The field devices, segment coupler, cables and other components must be designed tooperate safely in accordance with current technical safety and EU standards. If installedincorrectly or used for applications for which they are not intended, it is possible thatdangers may arise. For this reason, the system must be installed, connected, operatedand maintained according to the instructions in this manual: personnel must beauthorised and suitably qualified.

Explosion hazardousarea

If the system is to be installed in an explosion hazardous area, then the specificationsin the certificate as well as all national and local regulations must be observed.

• Ensure that all personnel are suitably qualified• Observe the specifications in the certificate as well as national and local

regulations.

For PROFIBUS-PA all components should be designed in accordance with the FISCOmodel. This greatly simplifies the acceptance testing of the PROFIBUS-PA segment.PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Notes on Safety

Technical improvement

Endress+Hauser and Metso reserves the right to make technical improvements to itsequipment at any time and without prior notification. Where such improvements have noeffect on the operation of the equipment, they are not documentated. If theimprovements effect operation, a new version of the operating instructions is normallyissued.



Safety conventions and symbols

In order to highlight safety-relevant or alternative operating procedures in the manual,the following conventions have been used, each indicated by a corresponding icon inthe margin.

Safety conventions

Explosion protection

Electrical symbols

Symbol Meaning

Note!

A note highlights actions or procedures which, if not performed correctly, may indirectly affect operation or may lead to an instrument response which is not planned

Caution!

Caution highlights actions or procedures which, if not performed correctly, may lead to per-sonal injury or incorrect functioning of the instrument

Warning

!A warning highlights actions or procedures which, if not performed correctly, will lead to per-sonal injury, a safety hazard or destruction of the instrument

Device certified for use in explosion hazardous area

If the device has this symbol embossed on its name plate it can be installed in an explosion hazardous area

Explosion hazardous area

Symbol used in drawings to indicate explosion hazardous areas. Devices located in and wiring entering areas with the designation ìexplosion hazardous areasî must conform with the stated type of protection

Safe area (non-explosion hazardous area)

Symbol used in drawings to indicate, if necessary, non-explosion hazardous areas. Devices located in safe areas stiill require a certificate if their outputs run into explosion haz-ardous areas.

Direct voltage

A terminal to which or from which a direct current or voltage may be applied or supplied

Alternating voltage

A terminal to which or from which an alternating (sine-wave) current or voltage may be applied or supplied

Grounded terminal

A grounded terminal, which as far as the operator is concerned, is already grounded by means of an earth grounding system

Protective grounding (earth) terminal

A terminal which must be connected to earth ground prior to making any other connection to the equipment

Equipotential connection (earth bonding)

A connection made to the plant grounding system which may be of type e.g. neutral star or equipotential line according to national or company practice



1 Introduction

Application

These guidelines have been written with the view of giving the potential PROFIBUS useran introduction to the planning and commissioning of a PROFIBUS-PA network. Theyare based on the experience of Endress+Hauser and Metso employees who have beenactively involved in PROFIBUS projects and who, in the meantime, have successfullycommissioned a number of plants. The guidelines are structured as follows:

Should you have any questions regarding PROFIBUS which go beyond the subjectsdiscussed in this manual, do not hesitate to get in touch with us.

Chapter Titel Inhalt

Chapter 1 Introduction Advantages of a bus as well as general information about the PROFIBUS standard

Chapter 2 PROFIBUS-DP basics Information about PROFIBUS-DP

Chapter 3 PROFIBUS-PA basics Information about PROFIBUS-PA, couplers, links and use in explosion hazardous areas (FISCO-Model)

Chapter 4 Planning What must be observed when planning PROFIBUS-DP/PA systems, with examples

Chapter 5 Installation Notes on the installation of devices in a PROFIBUS-DP/PA system

Chapter 6 System integration Notes on mapping PROFIBUS-PA devices in a PLC

Chapter 7 Device configuration General information on setting the parameters in Endress+Hauser devices PROFIBUS applications

Chapter 8 Trouble-shooting Causes and remedies for general faults that may occur during the commissioning of a system

Chapter 9 Technical data Principle technical data of PROFIBUS-PA and PROFIBUS-DP

Chapter 10 PROFIBUS-PA components Profiles of the Endress+Hauser PROFIBUS-DP and PROFIBUS-PA devices

Chapter 11 Terms and definitions Explanation of the terminology used to describe bus systems

Chapter 12 Appendix Calculation sheets for your applications



1.1 Advantages of a bus system

Wiring

Figure 1.1 illustrates the difference between the wiring of a conventional 4..20 mAcontrol system and a fieldbus system.

• For a compact plant, the wiring from the field to the junction box is roughly the same: if the measuring points are widely distributed, however, the fieldbus requires decidedly less cable.

• For conventional wiring, every signal line must be continued from the junction box to the process-near component, e.g. a programmable logic controller, where it terminates in a I/O module. For every device a separate power supply is required, where necessary, suitable for use with devices in hazardous areas.

• In contrast, the fieldbus requires a single cable only to carry all information.The bus terminates in a bus coupler that communicates directly with the process near components. Not only cable, but also I/O modules are saved. Since the bus is powered from a single intrinsically safe power unit, there is no need for individual isolators and barriers.

Commissioning

Digital communication allows comfortable commissioning of field devices from thecontrol room. Individual devices can not only be configured from a personal computerbut the settings can also be archived centrally. If there are several identical measuringpoints in an application, the stored parameters can be downloaded to the devices. Anindividual configuration of each device is no longer necessary.

Operation

In addition to the process variables and setpoints that are processed in theprogrammable logic controller (PLC) or process control system (PCS), the operator hasaccess to a number of other parameters at every measuring and control point. Thesecan be displayed in the Commuwin II operating and display program or a SCADAapplication or any asset management software, such as Siemens Simatic PDM. Theprograms offer a clear overview of the application.

Maintenance

Devices with diagnosis functions or self-monitoring signal faults to the bus master. Thestatus of each device can be checked from the control room, so that the maintenanceteam can quickly localise and eliminate the fault.

process-near component PNC

I/O assemblies

marshalling rack

Ex [i]

marshalling rack

junction box

process-near component PNC

bus coupler Ex [i]

power

connectors

Co

ntr

ol r

oo

mF

ield

Conventional PROFIBUS-PA

Fig. 1.1Signal transfer: conventional andwith PROFIBUS-PA



1.2 PROFIBUS standard

PROFIBUS is an open fieldbus standard to EN 50 170. It was developed by a Germanconsortium that quickly and pragmatically produced the German Standard DIN 19 245after attempts to produce an international fieldbus failed in 1992. The EuropeanStandard followed roughly a year later. PROFIBUS is supported by an internationalnetwork of PROFIBUS User Organisations.

PROFIBUS-DP

PROFIBUS-DP (decentralised periphery) is an extension of the original PROFIBUSstandard, see Fig. 1.2. An extension contains a subset of the functionality of the originalstandard and is targeted at a specific area of application. PROFIBUS-DP was primarilydeveloped for the fast processes involved in factory automation. In the original version,PROFIBUS-DP allowed only one master that communicated via the master-slavemethod. The extended version DPV1 allows up to 127 participants including up to 32masters. A slave, however, may be allocated to only one "Class 1" master, see Chapter2. Slaves are configured by a Class 2 master using acyclic services.

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-PA (process automation) is an extension of PROFIBUS-DP for processautomation. It has two specialities: firstly, participants can draw intrinsically safe powerfrom the bus, secondly, the data transfer is handled according to the internationalstandard IEC 61158-2. A maximum of 32 participants can be connected to aPROFIBUS-PA segment. Bus access is governed by the master/slave method, seeChapter 3.

FMS DP PA

OSI layer

User

Application (7)

(3) – (6)

Data (2)

physical (1)

BA198Y55

FMSdevice profile

DP profile PA profile

DP extensions (DPV1)

DP basic functions

Fieldbus messagespecification FMS

Fieldbus data link (FDL)

RS-485/fibre optics

IEC interface

IEC 61158-2Fig. 1.2PROFIBUS versions andfunctions



1.3 PROFIBUS in process engineering

Every manufacturing facility has tasks which are associated with process and factoryautomation:

• Process automation: measurement, actuation, control...• Factory automation: filling, storage, conveyance, drives...

For this reason it is possible that the Endress+Hauser devices installed in a factory areintegrated in PROFIBUS-DP, PROFIBUS-PA or mixed systems. Fig. 1.3 shows a typicalexample:

• The process is controlled by a process control system or a programmable logic controller (PLC). The control system or PLC serves as a Class 1 master. It uses the cyclic services to acquire measurements and output control commands. The operating program, in this case Commuwin II, serves as a Class 2 master. It uses the acyclic services and serves to configure the bus participants during installation and normal operation.

• The PROFIBUS-DP system is used to handle the communication at the control level. Drives, remote I/Os etc. may all be found upon the bus. It is also possible to connect externally powered field devices to this level, e.g. the flowmeters Promass and Promag. PROFIBUS-DP ensures that data are quickly exchanged, whereby in mixed PROFIBUS-DP/PA systems the baudrate supported by the segment coupler is often the limiting factor.

• PROFIBUS-PA is used at field level. The segment coupler serves both as interface to the PROFIBUS-DP system and as power supply for the PROFIBUS-PA field devices. Depending upon the type of segment coupler, the PROFIBUS-PA segment can be installed in safe or hazardous areas.

DP/PA link or segment coupler

RS 48512 Mbit/s

IEC 61158-231,25 kbit/s

IEC 61158-231,25 kbit/s

Non-hazardous Area

Hazardous Area PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP

Process Control System

SPSCommuwin II

0 - 10 bar

0 - 10 bar

0 - 10 bar

0 - 10 bar

BA198y27

Fig. 1.3Process automation withPROFIBUS-DP andPROFIBUS-PA



2 PROFIBUS-DP Basics

As far as PROFIBUS systems in process engineering are concerned, the versionsPROFIBUS-DP (variant DPV1) and PROFIBUS-PA are of interest. This chapter describesthe basics of PROFIBUS-DP. The chapter is structured as follows:

• Synopsis• Topology• Bus access method• Network configuration• Applications in hazardous areas

2.1 Synopsis

Application

PROFIBUS-DP is used primarily for factory automation. In PROFIBUS-PA systems forprocess automation, a PROFIBUS-DP system is used at the control level for quicktransmission of the data. Here, a variant of PROFIBUS-DP, DPV1 is used. In addition tothe cyclic exchange of data with a PLC, this allows the field devices to be configuredvia acyclic services. The principle technical data for DPV1 are listed in Table 2.1.

Participants

Depending upon the application at hand, the participants in a PROFIBUS-DP systemmight be frequency converters, remote I/Os, actuators, sensors, links, gateways etc. aswell as the PLC or process control system. The following Endress+Hauser devices canbe connected directly to a DP system:

• Flowmeters Promass 63 and Promag 33/35• Display unit Memograph RSC 10 (listener function only)• PROFIBUS-DP gateway.

Others are in preparation.

PROFIBUS-DP

PROFIBUS-DP slaves

Class 1master

Class 2master

BA198Y46

Fig. 2.1PROFIBUS-DP system,Version DPV1

Standard EN 50170, Parts 1 - 3, Version DPV1

Support PROFIBUS User Organisation (PNO)

Physical layer RS-485 and/or fibre optics

Max. length 1200 m (copper) or several kilometres (optics)

Participants Max. 126, including max. 32 as master

Transmission rate up to 12 MBit/s

Bus access method Token passing with master-slaveTable 2.1Technical data PROFIBUS-DP



2.2 Topology

PROFIBUS-DP is based on a linear topology. For lower data transmission rates, a treestructure is also possible.

Cable

EN 50 170 specifies two types of bus cable. For transmission rates up to 12 Mbit/s,cable type A is recommended. The specification is given in Table 2.2.

Structure

The following points should be noted when the bus structure is being planned:• The max. permissible cable length depends upon the transmission rate. For

PROFIBUS RS-485 cable of type A (see table 2.2) the dependency is as follows:

• A maximum of 32 participants per segment is allowed.• A terminating resistance must be installed at both ends of every segment (ohmic

load 220

Ω

)• The cable length and/or the number of participants can be increased by using

repeaters.• There must never be more than three repeaters between any two participants.• The total number of participants in the system is limited to 126 – (2x number of

repeaters).

Spurs

A spur is the cable connecting the field device to the T-box. As a rule of thumb:• For transmission rates up to 1500 kbits/s, the total length (sum) of the spurs may not

exceed 6.6 m.• Spurs should not be used for transmission rates greater than 1500 kbits/s.

Examples

Figs 2.2 and 2.3 show examples for a linear and tree bus structure.

Fig 2.2. shows that three repeaters are necessary if the PROFIBUS-DP system is to bedeveloped to the full. The maximum cable length corresponds to 4x the value quoted inthe table above. Since three repeaters are used, the maximum number of participantsis reduced to 120.

Fig 2.3 shows how several repeaters can be used to create a tree structure. The numberof participants allowable per segment is reduced by one per repeater: the total numberof participants is limited to 126 – (2x number of repeaters).

Terminator 135 W to 165 W at a measuring frequency of 3 MHz to 20 MHz

Cable capacitance < 30pF per Meter

Core cross-section >0.34 mm

2

, corresponds to 22 AWG

Cable type twisted pairs, 1x 2, 2x 2 or 1x 4 core

Loop resistance 110

Ω

per km

Signal attenuation max. 9 dB over the entire Length of the segment

Screening woven copper sheath or woven sheath and foil sheath

Table 2.2Specifications of Cable Type A ofthe PROFIBUS-DP standard

Transmission rate (kBit/s) 9.6 - 93.75 187.5 500 1500 300 – 12000

Cable length (m) 1200 1000 400 200 100



Optical network

If the PROFIBUS-DP system has to be routed over large distances or in plant with heavyelectromagnetic interference, then an optical or mixed optical/copper network can beused. Provided that all participants support them, very high transmission rates arepossible. Fig. 2.4 shows a possible structure for an optical network, whereby thetechnical details can be taken from the PROFIBUS standard.

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

31

31

30

30

R1

R3

R2

trunk cable

segment 1

segment 2

segment 3

Fig. 2.2PROFIBUS-DP system withlinear structure

T = terminatorR = repeater

1...n = max. number offield devices on asegment

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

31

31

29

29

R3

R2

R1

trunk cable

segment 1

segment 2

segment 3

Fig. 2.3PROFIBUS-DP system with treestructure

T = terminatorR = repeater

1...n = max. number offield devices on asegment

1 32 4

TTT

T

optical interfacemodule

optical interfacemodule

RS-485copper

RS-485copper

MasterPLC

fibre optics

Fig. 2.4Example for a mixedoptical/RS-485 network

T = terminator1...n = field devices (slaves)



2.3 Bus access method

PROFIBUS-DP uses a hybrid access method of centralised master/slave anddecentralised token passing, see Fig.2.5.

• The masters build a logical token ring.• When a master possesses the token, it has the right to transmit.• It can now talk with its slaves in a master-slave relationship for a defined period of

time.• At the end of this time, the token must be passed on to the next active device in the

token ring.

Master class

Version DPV1 of PROFIBUS-DP differentiates between two classes of master:

• A Class 1 master communicates cyclically with its slaves. The master communicates only with those slaves that are assigned to it. A slave may be assigned to only one Class 1 master. A typical class 1 master is a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a process control system.

• A Class 2 master communicates acyclically with its slaves, i.e. on demand. Its slaves may also be assigned to a Class 1 master. A typical example is a PC with corresponding operating software, e.g. Commuwin II. It is used for commissioning as well as for device configuration, diagnosis and alarm handling during normal operation.

If a PROFIBUS-DP network has more than one master e.g. because both cyclic andacyclic services are required, then it is a multi-master system. If, for example, a PLC onlyis used for control tasks, then the system is a mono-master system.

S1

S1

S2

S2

S3

S3

S4

S4

S5

S5

M1

M1

M2

M2

BA198Y32

Master 1, Class 1has the right to transmitData are exchangedcyclically.

Master 2, Class 2receives the right totransmit.It can talk to all slaves.Data exchange, e.g.with slave 3 is acyclic.

logical tokenring

Class 1

Class 2

Fig. 2.5Data exchange in aPROFIBUS-DP multi-mastersystemM = masterS = slave



2.4 Network configuration

Data Transmission

Data are exchanged over PROFIBUS-DP by means of standard telegrams which aretransmitted via the RS-485 interface. The permissible telegram length depends uponthe master used: at the moment, masters are available that transmit 122 or 244 bytes,see Chapter 6, Table 6.3.

The majority of Endress+Hauser devices transmit measured value and status in 5 bytes,see table 6.1 on page 51. An instrument with several measured values transmitscorrespondingly more bytes. In the case of the flowmeter Promass 63, for example, acyclic telegram of 51 bytes (50 bytes input and 1 byte output data) is transmitted atmaximum configuration, see below.

By using the data exchange service, a PLC can transmit its output data to the Promass63 and read the input data from the response telegram. The cyclic data telegram for themaximum configuration of the Promass has the following structure: If the factory settingis used, mass flow, totalisor 1 and density are transmitted. Further measured values canbe activated via the on-site elements or by using a PROFIBUS configuration program.

Byte Data Access Data format Unit

0 - 3 Mass flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/s

4 Status mass flow Read 80h = OK

5 - 8 Totalisor 1 Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg

9 Status totalisor 1 Read 80h = OK

10 - 13 Density Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/m

3

14 Status density Read 80h = OK

15 - 18 Temperature Read 32-Bit floating point number (IEEE 754) K

19 Status temperature Read 80h = OK

20 - 23 Totalisor 2 Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) off

24 Status totalisor 2 Read 80h = OK

25 - 28 Volumetric flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) l/s

29 Status volumetric flow Read 80h = OK

30 - 33 Standard volumetric flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) Nl/s

34 Status standard volumetric flow Read 80h = OK

35 - 38 Target medium flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/s; l/s

39 Status target medium flow Read 80h = OK

40 - 43 Carrier medium flow Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) kg/s; l/s

44 Status carrier medium flow Read 80h = OK

45 -48 Calculated density Read 32-bit floating point number (IEEE 754) %

49 Status calculated density Read 80h = OK

49 Status calculated density Read 80h = OKTable 2.3Input data Promass ⇒ SPS

Byte Data Access Data format Unit

0 Control0

⇒

1: Reset totalisor 10

⇒

2: Reset totalisor 20

⇒

3: Reset totalisor 1 + 20

⇒

4: Zero point calibration0

⇒

5: Positive zero return on0

⇒

6: Positive zero return off0

⇒

7...255: reserved

Write Integer8The control command is triggered by a change in the input data of the cyclic services from 00h to another value. A change from any bit pattern to 00h has no effect.

—

Table 2.4Output data PLC ⇒ Promass



Device database file

In order to integrate the field devices into the bus system, the PROFIBUS-DP systemrequires a description of the device parameters such as output data, input data, dataformat, data length and the transmission rates supported. These data are contained inthe device database file (the so-called GSD file), which is required by the PROFIBUS-DP master during the commissioning of the communication system. In addition, devicebitmaps are required, which appear as icons in the network tree. Further information ondevice database files is to be found in Chapter 6.1.

Bus address

A prerequisite for communication on the bus is the correct addressing of theparticipants. Every participant in the PROFIBUS-DP system is assigned a uniqueaddress between 0 and 125. Normally the low addresses are assigned to the masters.The addresses may be assigned by DIP switch, on-site operating elements or by anoperating program. The addressing procedure is described in detail in Chapter 5.

Transmission rate

All participants in a PROFIBUS-DP system must support the governing transmissionrate. This means that the speed of data exchange is determined by the slowestparticipant. In the case of Endress+Hauser devices that are designed for PROFIBUS-DP, all transmission rates from 9.6 kbits/s to 12 Mbit/s are supported.

Bus parameters

In addition to the transmission rate, all active participants on the bus must operate withthe same bus parameters. For the operating and display program Commuwin II, the busparameters can be set by using the DPV1 server, see Chapter 6.5. The program can bestarted from the icon in the program group Commuwin II.



2.5 Applications in hazardous areas

All devices and terminators that are installed in hazardous areas as well as allassociated electrical apparatus (e.g. PA links or segment couplers) must be approvedfor the corresponding atmospheres.

If a PROFIBUS-DP segment is routed through an explosion hazardous area, then it mustbe realised with type of protection "enhanced safety e".

• For copper cable, the number of devices per segment is limited to four.• The intrinsic safety must always be calculated because every intrinsically safe

component has different values.• The trunk cable and spurs must be included in the calculation.• The exchange of a device by the product of another manufacture means that proof

of intrinsic safety must be presented again.

Mixed networkPROFIBUS-DP/PA

Since PROFIBUS-PA systems are designed for use in hazardous areas, it is much easierinstall a segment there. For this reason, a PROFIBUS-PA segment is often used toextend the PROFIBUS-DP segment into a hazardous area. In order to obtain the highestpossible transmission rate, a link is preferred as interface. Links support a wide rangeof PROFIBUS-DP transmission rates.

0 - 10 bar0 - 10 bar

PROFIBUS-DP slaves

PROFIBUS-DP

e.g. Commuwin IIClass 2 master

PLCClass 1 master

DP/PA link

PROFIBUS-PA slaves

PR

OF

IBU

S-P

A

Fig. 2.6The PROFIBUS-PA system canbe extended into a hazardousarea by using a DP/PA link.



3 PROFIBUS-PA Basics

This chapter presents the basic principles behind PROFIBUS-PA. The chapter isstructured as follows:

• Synopsis• Segment couplers and links• Topology• Bus access method• Network configuration• Applications in hazardous areas

3.1 Synopsis

Application

PROFIBUS-PA has been designed to satisfy the requirements of process engineering.There are three major differences to a PROFIBUS-DP system:

• PROFIBUS-PA supports the use of devices in explosion hazardous areas.• The devices can be powered over the bus cable.• The data are transferred via the IEC 61158-2 physical layer, which allows great

freedom in the selection of the bus topology.The most important technical data are listed in Table 3.1.

Participants

Depending upon the application, the participants on a PROFIBUS-PA segment might beactuators, sensors and a segment coupler or link. Endress+Hauser offers PROFIBUS-PA instrumentation for the most important process variables, i.e. analysis, flow, level,pressure and temperature. Metso offers Profibus-PA valve controller, consistencytransmitters and analysators. A complete list is to be found in Chapter 10.

0 - 10 bar0 - 10 bar

Class 1master

Class 2master

DP/PA link orsegment coupler

PROFIBUS-PA slaves

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP

Fig. 3.1PROFIBUS-PA system

Standard EN 50 170, Part 4

Support PROFIBUS User Organisation (PNO) (PNO)

Physical layer IEC 61158-2

Max. length 1900 m: standard und intrinsically safe applications of category ib1000 m: intrinsically safe applications of category ia

Participants Max. 10 in hazardous areas (EEx ia)max. 24 in hazardous areas (EEx ib)max. 32 in safe areas

Transmission rate 31.25 kbit/s

Bus access method Master-slaveTable 3.1Technical data PROFIBUS-PA



3.2 Segment couplers and links

PROFIBUS-PA is always used in conjunction with a supervisory PROFIBUS-DP controlsystem. Since the protocols, physical layer and transmission rates of PROFIBUS-DPand PROFIBUS-PA are different, see Tables 2.1 and 3.1, the PROFIBUS-PA segment isconnected to the PROFIBUS-DP system via a segment coupler or link.

Segment coupler

A segment coupler comprises a signal coupler and bus power unit. Normally, itsupports only one transmission rate on the PROFIBUS-DP side. The transmission ratefor PROFIBUS-PA is fixed at 31.25 kbit/s.

Three types of segment couplers have been specified according to the type ofprotection required.

Example of segment couplers available today.

Links

A link comprises an intelligent interface and one or more segment couplers, wherebythe couplers may exhibit different types of protection. Normally, a range of transmissionrates are supported on the PROFIBUS-DP side. The transmission rate for PROFIBUS-PAis fixed at 31.25 kbit/s.

1

2

6 9

5 8

4 7

3

10

11 13

12

JBT

T TT

Class 1 master Class 2 master

segment couplerlinksegment coupler

junction box

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP

Fig. 3.2Integration of a PROFIBUS-PAsegment into a PROFIBUS-DPsystem using a segment coupleror link.

Segment coupler Type A Type B Type C

Type of protection EEx [ia/ib] IIC EEx [ib] IIB None

Supply voltage 13.5 V 13.5 V 24 V

Max. power 1.8 W 3.9 W 9.1 W

Max. supply current

≤

110 mA

≤

280 mA

≤

400 mA

No. of devices approx. 10 approx. 20 max. 32

Table 3.2Segment couplers defined instandard

Manufacturer Type of protection

Supply current Voltage DP baudrate

Siemens: 6ES7-157-0 AD00 0XA0 EEx [ia] IIC 100 mA 12.5 V DC 45.45 kbit/s

Siemens: 6ES7-157-0 AC00 0XA0 Standard 400 mA 19.0 V DC 45.45 kbit/s

P+F (E+H): KFD2-BR-EX1.2PA.93 EEx [ia] IIC 110 mA 13.0 V DC 93.75 kbit/s

P+F (E+H): KFD2-BR-1PA.93 Standard 380 mA 25.0 V DC 93.75 kbit/sTable 3.3Segment couplers on the market



3.3 Topology

The field devices on the PROFIBUS-PA segment communicate with a master on thePROFIBUS-DP system. The bus is designed according to the rules for PROFIBUS-DPup to the segment coupler or link, see Chapter 2.2. Within the PROFIBUS-PA segment,practically all topologies are permissible, see Fig. 3.3.

Cable

PROFIBUS PA defines a two-core cable as transmission medium. An informative annexto IEC 61158-2 lists the characteristics of four cable types that can be used astransmission medium.

• Cable types A and B are to be preferred for new installations. They offer the greatest security for data transmission. In the case of cable type B, several fieldbuses (with the same type of protection) can be operated with one cable. Other current-bearing circuits in the same cable are not permitted.

• Cables C and D are intended only for retrofit applications, i.e. when existing cabling is to be used. They are not suitable for use in explosion hazardous areas. Problems with the communication are also to be expected if the cables are routed through plant with heavy electromagnetic interference, e.g. near frequency converters.

Table 3.4 lists the technical data of each cable type:

Cable for intrinsically safe applications as per the FISCO model must also satisfy thefollowing additional requirements:

Suitable cable is offered by a number of manufacturers, see Chapter 4.

Type A Type B Type C Typ D

Cable contruction twisted pairs, shielded

one or more twisted pairs, common shield

Several twisted pairs, unshielded

Several untwisted pairs, unshielded

Core cross-section 0.8 mm

2

AWG 180.32 mm

2

AWG 220.13 mm

2

AWG 261.23 mm

2

AWG 16

Loop resistance (DC) 44

Ω

/km 112

Ω

/km 254

Ω

/km 40

Ω

/km

Characteristic impedance at 31.25 kHz

100

Ω

± 20 % 100

Ω

± 30 % — —

Attenuation constant at 39 kHz

3 dB/km 5 dB/km 8 dB/km 8 dB/km

Capacitive unsymmetry 2 nF/km 2 nF/km — —

Envelope delay distortion (7.9...39 kHz)

1.7 µs/km — — —

Degree of coverage of shielding

90 % — — —

Max. bus length (including spurs)

1900 m 1200 m 400 m 200 mTable 3.4Cable types according toIEC 61158-2, Annex C

EEx ia/ib IIC EEx ib IIB

Loop resistance (DC) 15...150

Ω

/km 15...150

Ω

/km

Specific inductance 0.4...1 mH/km 0.4...1 mH/km

Specific capacitance 80...200 nF/km 80...200 nF/km

Max. spur length

≤ 30 m ≤ 30 m

Max. bus length ≤ 1000 m ≤ 1900 mTable 3.5Safety limits for the bus cable



PNK

Sk

Sk

Sk

Sk

PNK

PNK

PNK

SiK(Ex i)

SiK(Ex i)

SiK(Ex i)

SiK(Ex i)

SG(Ex i)

SG(Ex i)

SG(Ex i)

SG(Ex i)

JB

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

5

5

4

4

6

n

n

n

n

7

A

B

C

D

JB

R+T+JB

4

4

R+T

T

6

Termination at JBpossible if spurs donot exceeed 30 m

Fig. 3.3Bus topologiesA TreeB BusC Bus + treeD Bus + tree + extensionPNC: process near componentSiK: Signal couplerSG: Power supplyT: TerminatorJB: Junction boxR: Repeater1...n: Field devicesSk: Segment coupler



Structure The following points should be noted when designing the bus:• The maximum permissible length is dependent upon the type of cable used.

For cable type definitions, see Table 3.4:

• For systems that are to be realised according to the FISCO model in type of protection EEx ia, the maximum bus length is 1000 m.

• A maximum of 32 participants are allowed in safe applications and max. 10 participants in explosion hazardous areas (EEx ia IIC).The actual number of participants must be determined during the planning of the bus, see Chapter 4.

• A terminator is required at each end of the segment.• For PROFIBUS-PA the terminator comprises an RC combination

(ohmic load 100 Ω + 1 µF).• The bus length can be increased by using a repeater.• Max. three repeaters are allowable between a participant and the master.

Spurs The cable between the T-box and field device is called a spur.• Spurs longer than 1 m are counted in the total cable length.• The length of the individual spurs in safe areas is dependent upon the number of

participants:

• According to the FISCO model, the spurs in intrinsically safe applications may not exceed 30 m in length.

• A maximum of 4 field devices may be connected to a spur.

Type A Type B Type C Type D

1900 m 1200 m 400 m 200 m

Participants 1 - 12 13 - 14 15 - 18 19 - 24 25 - 32

Max. length per spur

120 m 90 m 60 m 30 m 1 m



3.4 Bus access method

PROFIBUS-PA uses the central master/slave method to regulate bus access. Theprocess near component, e.g. a PLC, is a Class 1 master that is installed in thePROFIBUS-DP system. The field devices are configured from a PROFIBUS-PA Class 2master, e.g. Commuwin II. The field devices on the PROFIBUS-PA segment are theslaves. The access to the field devices depends upon the DP/PA interface that has beeninstalled.

Segment couplerSegment couplers are transparent as far as the PROFIBUS-DP master is concerned, sothat they are not mapped in the PLC. They simply convert the signals and power thePROFIBUS-PA segment. The do not need to be configured nor are they assigned anaddress.

The field devices in the PROFIBUS-PA segment are each assigned a PROFIBUS-DPaddress and behave as PROFIBUS-DP slaves. A slave may be assigned to only oneClass 1 master. A master communicates directly with its slaves.

• A Class 1 master, e.g. the PLC, uses the cyclic polling services to fetch the data provided by the field devices.

• A Class 2 master, e.g. Commuwin II transmits and receives field device data by using the acyclic services.

SiK

1 2 3

T

Class 1 master Class 2 master e.g.Commuwin II

acyclic data exchange

cyclic dataexchange

Segmentcoupler

field devices as DP-slaves

PROFIBUS-DP

PROFIBUS-PA

BA198Y20

Fig. 3.4Data exchange via segmentcoupler



Links A link is recognised by the DP-master and is a participant in the PROFIBUS-DP system.It is assigned a PROFIBUS-DP address and thus becomes opaque to the master. Thefield devices on the PROFIBUS-PA side can no longer be directly polled using the cyclicservices. Instead, the link collects the device data in a buffer, which can be readcyclically by a Class 1 master. Hence a link must be mapped in the PLC.

On the PROFIBUS-PA side, the link acts as the bus master. It polls the field device datacyclically and stores them in a buffer. Every field device is assigned a PROFIBUS-PAaddress that is unique for the link, but not for other PROFIBUS-PA segments.

When the link is accessed by a Class 2 master with the acyclic services it is quasi-transparent. The desired field device can be accessed by specifying the link address(DP address) and the device address (PA address).

3 62 51 4T T

DP-Slave

PA-Master

Segment coupler

Class 2 mastere.g. Commuwin II

Class 1 master

PROFIBUS-PA

PROFIBUS-DP

Cyclic data exchange withClass 1 master using themaster-slave method

Acyclic dataexchange withClass 2 masterusing themaster-slavemethod

Cyclic data exchange withPA master using themaster-slave method

BA198Y21Fig. 3.5Data exchange via a link



3.5 Network configuration

Data TransmissionData exchange on the PROFIBUS-PA segment is handled by the IEC 61158-2 interface.The cyclic and acyclic polling services are used to transmit data. Since the PROFIBUS-PA standard offers the possibility of interconnecting devices from different vendors, aprofile set has been defined that contains standardised device parameters andfunctions.

• Mandatory parameters:Every device must provide these parameters. These are parameters, with which the basic parameters of the device can be read or configured.

• Application parameters:these are optional parameters.These parameters allow a calibration and, e.g., additional functions such as a linearisation to be performed. In view of the fact that these functions are dependent upon the measured variable, there are several profile sets, e.g. for level, pressure, flow, actuator etc.. The parameters can be accessed acyclically and require a Class 2 master, e.g. Commuwin II, if they are to be read or modified.

Cyclic data exchanged is handled by standard telegrams. The permissible telegramlength depends upon the master used: at the moment, masters are available thattransmit 122 or 244 bytes, see Chapter 6, Table 6.3.

The majority of PROFIBUS-PA devices transmit measured value and status in 5 bytes,see table 6.1 on page 51. An instrument with several measured values transmitscorrespondingly more bytes. In the case of the flowmeter Promass 63, for example, acyclic telegram of 51 bytes is transmitted at maximum configuration, see Chapter 2.4.

In the case of the NAMUR/PROFIBUS-PA interface FXA 164, which allows theconnection of up to four limit switches, the limit signals are transmitted in 2 bytes perchannel. Byte 1 contains the signal condition, byte 2 the status. Depending upon theconfiguration, up to 8 bytes may be transmitted.

Device databaseIn order to integrate the field devices into the bus system, the PROFIBUS-DP systemrequires a description of the device parameters such as output data, input data, dataformat, data length and the transmission rates supported. These data are contained inthe device database file (the so-called GSD file), which is required by the PROFIBUS-DP master during the commissioning of the communication system. In addition, devicebitmaps are required, which appear as icons in the network tree. Further information ondevice database files is to be found in Chapter 6.1.

Bus addressA prerequisite for communication on the bus is the correct addressing of theparticipants. Every device on the PROFIBUS-PA segment is assigned a unique addressbetween 0 and 125. The addressing is dependent upon the type of interface used(segment coupler or link) and is set by DIP switches, via on-site operating elements orby software. The addressing procedure is described in detail in Chapter 5.

Transmission rateThe transmission rate on a PROFIBUS-PA segment is fixed at 31.25 kbit/s.

Bus parametersIn addition to the transmission rate, all active participants on the bus must operate withthe same bus parameters. For the operating and display program Commuwin II, the busparameters can be set by using the DPV1 server, see Chapter 6.5) The program can bestarted from the icon in the program group Commuwin II.



3.6 Applications in hazardous areas

The explosion protection concept for the PROFIBUS-PA fieldbus is based on the type ofprotection "intrinsic safety i". In contrast to other types of explosion protection, intrinsicsafety is not confined to the individual unit, but extends over the entire electrical circuit.All circuits connected to the PROFIBUS-PA fieldbus must be realised with type ofprotection "intrinsic safety", i.e. all devices and terminators that are installed inhazardous areas as well as all associated electrical apparatus (e.g. PA links or segmentcouplers) must be approved for the corresponding atmospheres

FISCO model In order to reduce the proof of intrinsic safety of the fieldbus system, comprisingdifferent devices from different vendors, to a justifiable level, the German PTB andvarious equipment manufacturers developed the FISCO model (Fieldbus IntrinsicallySafe COncept).

The basic idea is that only one device supplies power to a particular segment. Themodel determines the boundary conditions. The field devices are divided into those thatdraw their power from the bus itself, and those that must be powered locally. In additionto the type of protection "intrinsic safety", the latter devices, which require more energy,must also exhibit a further type of protection. The auxiliary energy required by thesegment coupler and the locally powered devices is galvanically isolated from theintrinsically safe circuits.

As is the case for all intrinsic circuits, special precautions must be observed wheninstalling the bus. The aim is to maintain the separation between the intrinsically safeand all other circuits.

Grounding The intrinsically safe fieldbus circuit is operated earth-free, which does not preclude thatindividual sensor circuits can be connected to ground. If a overvoltage protector isinstalled before the device, it must be bonded to the plant grounding system inaccordance with the instructions in the certificate or device manual. Particular attentionmust be paid to the grounding of the conducting cable screening because if it is to beearthed at several positions, a high integrity plant grounding system must be present.

Category The category of the intrinsically safe field bus is determined by the circuit with the worstrating, i.e. if the fieldbus circuit of one device has the type of protection EEx ib, then thewhole fieldbus falls in the category ib. Devices that must be connected to a circuit withtype of protection EEx ia (requirements as per certificate) may not be operated on fieldbus circuits with type of protection ib. Only circuits that are connected directly tothefieldbus must be considered here.

Explosion group Devices that are approved for different explosion groups (IIC, IIB or IIA) can beoperated on the same segment. The permissible explosive atmosphere allowed at aparticular device is determined by the type of protection of that device as well as theexplosion group for which the segment coupler is approved. All devices and terminatorsthat are installed in hazardous areas as well as all associated electrical apparatus (e.g.PA links or segment couplers) must be approved for the corresponding atmospheres,e.g. PTB, BVS, FMRC, CSA etc..



Operating principleThe bus system is powered by a segment coupler. The field devices function as currentsinks and draw a direct current of about 10 mA from the bus cable (some participantsrequire more). This current supplies the energy necessary for operation. If a field devicetransmits data, it does so by modulating the current by ±9 mA.

When it is transmitting data, the fieldbusacts as an ohmic resistance. Since thedevice does not output power, theintrinsic safety of a bus segment islargely determined by the current andvoltage limitations placed on the buspower supply.

In order that a field device does not blockthe bus should it fail, its maximum currentconsumption is limited by the so-calledfault disconnection electronics (FDE).This current must be considered whenthe segment is planned.

Fault disconnectionelectronics

An important requirement for participants on a PROFIBUS-PA segment, is that adefective device may not detrimentally effect the functioning of the system. The faultdisconnection electronics ensure that high current consumption is not possible. Anelectronic circuit detects the rise in the basis current above the specified manufacturer'svalue and either limits the current consumption or isolates the participant from the bus.The increase in basic current above the normal value in the event of a fault is designatedthe fault current.

PROFIBUS-PA segmentsDue to the FISCO model, the following points only must be observed when aPROFIBUS-PA segment is planned for use in a hazardous area.

• The maximum permissible bus length is dependent upon the type of segment coupler used, the topology of the bus, the bus power and the specific resistance of the cable. For EEx ia IIC, the maximum length is 1000 m.

• If intrinsically safe circuits of category ia and ib are connected to the same segment, the type of protection of the entire segment is ib. It may be necessary to distribute the field devices on two separate segments, should a circuit of category ia be mandatory for a device or component.

Furthermore, the following applies generally

• The number of participants that may be connected to a segment is determined by the highest FDE current, the sum of the basic currents and the power that can be supplied by the segment coupler.

Proof of intrinsic safetyThe following information is required for proof of intrinsic safety:

• The total cable length including all spurs greater than 1 m must ber less than 1000 m (EEx ia IIC)

• No spur longer than 30 m• All participants conform to the FISCO model.• For every participant ISegment coupler > IDevice

USegment coupler > UDevicePSegment coupler > PDevice

More information on the planning of a PROFIBUS-PA segment is to be found in Chapter 4.

t

1

1 mA

10 mA

19 mA

25 mA

1 1 10 0

field device current

max.current

fault current

basiccurrent

Fig. 3.6Function of a PROFIBUS-PAdevice



4 Planning

Various aspects must be taken into consideration when a PROFIBUS-PA segment isplanned. Since the importance of each aspect varies from system to system, it isrecommended that the following sections are worked through one after the other. If atsome point it becomes obvious that a concept cannot be realised, then start the wholeprocedure again from the beginning with a modified concept.

The chapter is structured as follows:

• Selection of the segment coupler• Cable type and length• Calculation of current consumption• Voltage at last device• Calculation examples for bus design• Data quantity• Cycle times• Addressing• Example calculations for addressing and cycle times

4.1 Selection of the segment coupler

The first step in planning a PROFIBUS-PA system is the selection of the segmentcoupler according to the criteria laid down in Chapter 3.6. Table 4.1 summerises these:

Segment coupler Example of segment couplers available today:

Zone/Explosion group

Segment coupler Remarks

Zone 0 [EEx ia] IIx Devices that are in installed in Zone 0 must be operated in a segment with type of protection "Ex ia".îAll circuits connected to this segment must be certified for type of protection "Ex ia".

Zone 1 [EEx ia] IIx[EEx ib] IIx

Devices that are in installed in Zone 1 must be operated in a segment with type of protection "Ex ia" or "Ex ib". All circuits connected to this segment must be certified for type of protection "Ex ia" or "Ex ib".

Explosion group IIC [EEx ia] IIC If measurements and control are made in a medium of explosion group IIC, the devices concerned as well as the segment coupler must be certified for explosion group IIC.

Explosion group IIB [EEx ia] IIC[EEx ib] IIB

For media of explosion group IIB, both the devices and the segment coupler can be certified for both group IIC or IIB.

Non-Ex Non-Ex Devices that are operated on a non-Ex segment may not be installed in an explosion hazardous area.

Table 4.1Selection of the segment coupleraccording to the type of protectionand the explosion group of themeasured media.

Manufacturer Designation Type of protection

Current output Voltage

Siemens 6ES7-157-0 AD00 0XA0 [EEx ia] IIC 100 mA 12.5 VDC

Siemens 6ES7-157-0 AC00 0XA0 Standard 400 mA 19.0 VDC

P+F KFD2-BR-EX1.2PA.93 [EEx ia] IIC 100 mA 13.0 VDC

P+F KFD2-BR-1PA.93 Standard 400 mA 25.0 VDC

Table 4.2Examples of segment couplerstogether with specifications



4.2 Cable type and length

The bus length is dependent upon the type of protection of the segment and thespecification of the cable. In order that the basic requirements for transmission on theIEC 61158-2 physical layer are fulfilled and that the inductance and capacitance of thecable can be neglected, the bus length and loop resistance are limited. Table 4.2 liststhe PROFIBUS-PA specifications.

*see also the technical data supplied by the manufacturer

Bus lengthThe bus length is the sum of the length of the trunk cable plus all spurs. If a repeater isused, then the max. permissible length is doubled.

SpursThe spurs are subject to the following limitations:

• Spurs longer than 30 m are not permissible in explosion hazardous areas.• For non-hazardous applications, the maximum length of a spur is dependent upon

the number of field devices, see Table 4.4.• Spurs which are shorter than 1 m are treated as connection boxes and are not

included in the calculation of the total bus length, provided that they do not together exceed 8 m for a 400 m bus or 2 % of the total length for a longer bus.

Max. cable lengthThe maximum cable length for a particular cable resistance is calculated as follows,whereby the limits in Table 4.4. must be observed.

Max. cable length (km) = max. loop resistance of the segment coupler (Table 4.3) specific resistivity of the cable (Ω/km)

If not given, the loop resistance is (Ω/km) = 2 x (1000 ρ/A)whereby ρ = specific resistivity Ω mm2/m und A = core cross-section mm2.

Table 4.5 list examples for the PROFIBUS-PA cable available from variousmanufacturers.

Power supply Type A Type B Type C

Application EEx [ia/ib] IIC EEx [ib] IIB Standard

Supply voltage* 13.5 V 13.5 V 24 V

Max. power* 1.8 W 4.2 W 9.1 W

Max. current consumption* ≤ 110 mA ≤ 280 mA ≤ 400 mA

Max. loop resistance ≤ 40 Ω ≤ 16 Ω ≤ 39 Ω

Max. bus segment length 1000 m (EEx ia) 1900 m 1900 m

Max. spur length 30 m 30 m see Table 4.4

Table 4.3Standardised power supplieswith max. loop resistance andbus length for various applications

No. of field devices 25-32 19-24 15-18 13-14 1-12

Spur length ≤ 1 m 30 m 60 m 90 m 120 m

Table 4.4Max. spur lengths for non-hazardous

Manufacturer Order No. Application Specific resistance

Siemens 6XV1830-5BH10 Standard ≤ 44 Ω/km

Siemens 6XV1830-5AH10 EEx ia/ib IIC ≤ 44 Ω/km

Kerpen CEL-PE/OSCR/PVC/FRLA FB-02YS(St)Y# Standard

Kerpen CEL-PE/OSCR/PVC/FRLA FB-02YS(St+C)Y# EEx ia/ib IIC

Belden 3076F (used in Turck products) Standard 45.4 Ω/km

Table 4.5Loop resistance of variousPROFIBUS-PA cables



4.3 Calculation of current consumption

The primary factors in determining the number of devices on a segment are the currentsupplied by the segment coupler and the current consumption of the field devices. Forthis reason, the current consumption must be calculated for every segment. As a rule ofthumb for general planning:

• Max. 32 devices per segment are permissible in non-hazardous areas (A repeater allows more devices on the segment).

• Max. 10 devices are permissible in hazardous areas of category ia.

For the calculation, the current supplied by the segment coupler Is, the basic current ofevery device IB and the fault current of every device IFDE must be known. From theelectrical point of view, a segment is permissible when:

Is ≥ ISEG whereby ISEG = ∑IB + max. IFDE

Table 4.6 lists the basic current, the fault current and other specifications ofEndress+Hauser and Metso devices. The following examples illustrate how thecalculation should be made. Empty forms can be found in Appendix A.

Type Application ID code Type of protection Basic current IB

Fault current IFDE

Auxiliary energy

Cerabar S Pressure 1501 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

Deltabar S Differential pressure

1504 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

Deltapilot S Level 1503 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

Micropilot Level 150A EEx ia IIC 12 mA 0 mA from bus

Mycom II pH/Redox 1508 EEx em [ia/ib] IIC* 11 mA 0 mA local

Conductivity (cond).

1509 EEx em [ia/ib] IIC* 11 mA 0 mA local

Conductivity (ind)

150B EEx em [ia/ib] IIC* 11 mA 0 mA local

Promag 33 Flow 1505 EEx de [ib/ia] IIC* 12 mA 0 mA local

Promag 35 12 mA 0 mA local

Promass 63 Flow 1506 EEx de [ib/ia] IIC*EEx d [ib/ia] IIC*

12 mA 0 mA local

Prowirl 77 Flow 1510 EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

Prosonic T Level 1502 EEx ia IIC 13 mA 0 mA from bus

FMU 232 EEx d# 17 mA 0 mA

TMD 834 Temperature 1507 EEx ia IIC 13 mA 0 mA from bus

Mypro Conductivity 150C EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

pH/Redox 150D EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

Liquisys Conductivity 1515 None 11 mA 0 mA local

pH 1516 11 mA 0 mA

Turbidity 1517 11 mA 0 mA

Oxygen 1518 11 mA 0 mA

Chlorine 1519 11 mA 0 mA

FXA 164 Level limit 1514 EEx ia IIC 30 mA 0 mA from bus

RID 261 Display EEx ia IIC 11 mA 0 mA from bus

ND800PA Positioner 052d EEx ia IIC/T5/T6 23,45 mA 3,55 mA from bus

Table 4.6PROFIBUS-PA data of E+H and Metso devices



4.4 Voltage at last device

The resistance of the cable causes a voltage drop on the segment that is greatest at thedevice which is farthest from the segment coupler. It must be checked whether anoperating voltage of 9 V (for FEB 20 in Zone 0 9.6 V) is present at this device.

Ohm's law is used:UB = US – (ISEG x RSEG)

whereby: UB = Voltage at last deviceUS = Output voltage of the segment coupler (manufacturer's data)ISEG = Current consumed on the segment (as calculated in Section 4.2)RSEG = Cable resistance = bus length x specific resistivity

4.5 Calculation examples for bus design

Example 1,non-hazardousapplication

Specimen calculation for a bus operating in a safe area with the architecture shown inFig. 4.1.Standard segment coupler: Siemens, Is = 400 mA, Us = 19 V. Cable: Siemens, 44 Ω/km

Cable length

T

T

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

15m

20m

7m

5m

Standard segment coupler:Us = 19 VIs = 400 mA

Trunk cable 60 m

7m

20m

15m

5m

7m

20m

20m

spur

UB = 17.64 V

Fig. 4.1Example 1: Bus installed innon-hazardous area

Max. loop resistance, standard segment coupler (see Table 4.2) 39 Ω

Specific resistance of cable (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km

Max. length (m)= 1000 x loop resistance/specific resistance1000 x (39 Ω/44 39 Ω) =

886 m

Length of trunk cable 60 m

Total length of spurs 141 m

Total length of cable (= trunk cable + spurs) LSEG 201 m

Total length of cable 201 m < Max. length 886 m OK!



Current consumption

Voltage at last device

Conclusion Result of the calculations:• Cable length: OK• Current consumption: OK• Voltage at last device: OK

From the point of view of the architecture, the segment in Example 1 can be operatedwith a standard segment coupler with an output current of 400 mA. In this case, twoadditional tanks with identical instrumentation could be operated on the same segment.

No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current Fault current

1 Promass 63 Endress+Hauser FIC122 12 mA 0 mA

2 ND800PA Metso VIC121 23.45 3.55 mA

3 Deltapilot S Endress+Hauser LIC124 11 mA 0 mA

4 TMD 834 Endress+Hauser TIC123 13 mA 0 mA


6 ND800PA Metso VIC125 23.,45 3.,5 mA


8 ND800PA Metso VIC221 23.45 3.55 mA




12 ND800PA Metso VIC225 23.45 3.55 mA

Max. fault current (max. IFDE) 3.55 mA

Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE 193.35 mA

Output current of segment coupler Is 400 mA

Is ≥ SIB + max. IFDE ? yes OK!

Output voltage of segment coupler US (manufacturer´s data) 19.00 V

Specific resistance of cable RK (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km

Total length of cable LSEG 201 m

Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK 8.844 Ω

Current consumption of segment ISEG 193,45 mA

Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG 1.71

Voltage at last device UB = US - UA 17.29

UB ≥ 9 V?** OK!



Example 2, EEx iaIn Examples 2 and 3, the PROFIBUS-PA segment is to operate in an explosionhazardous area. In accordance with the FISCO model, the devices are operated on twoseparate segments with type of protection EEx ia for Zone 0 and EEx ib for Zone 1.Calculations are made for both segments.Specimen calculation for a bus operating in a hazardous area Zone 0 with thearchitecture shown in Fig. 4.2. Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC: Siemens, Is = 100 mA, Us= 13 V.Cable: Siemens 44 Ω/km, max. bus length = 1000 m

Cable length:

Current consumption

Zone 1 Zone 1

Zone 0 Zone 0

T

T T

T

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

Segment coupler [EEx ia] IICIs = 100 mAUs = 13 V

EEx ib

EEx ia.

5m

15m

5m

15m

trunk cable

50 m

spur

UB = 12.77 V

Fig. 4.2Example 2: Calculation of thesegment EEx ia.Bus installed with routing toZone 0 (EEx ia) andZone 1 (EEx ib)

Max. loop resistance, EEx ia (see Table 4.2) 40 Ω

Specific resistance of cable (e.g. Siemens) 44 Ω/km

Max. length (m)= 1000 x loop resistance/specific resistance1000 x (40 Ω/44 Ω) =

909 m










Max. fault current (max. IFDE) 0 mA

Current consumption ISEG = SIB + max. IFDE 48 mA

Output current of segment coupler Is 100 mA

Is ≥ SIB + max. IFDE ? ja OK!




Conclusion Result of the calculations:• Cable length: OK• Current consumption OK• Voltage at last device OK

From the point of view of the architecture, the segment in example 2 can be operatedwith an EEx ia segment coupler with an output current of 100 mA.

Example 3, EEx ib Specimen calculation for a bus operating in a hazardous area Zone 1with thearchitecture shown in Fig. 4.3. Segment coupler [EEx ia/ib] IIC: P+F, Is = 100 mA, Us =13 V.Cable: Siemens, 44 Ω/km

Cable length:

Output voltage of segment coupler US (manufacturer´s data) 13.00 V




Current consumption of segment ISEG 48 mA

Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG 0.19 V

Voltage at last device UB = US - UA 12.81 V

UB ≥ 9 V?* OK!

Zone 1 Zone 1

Zone 0 Zone 0

T

T T

T

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

EEx ib

EEx ia.

7m

20m

7m

Trunk cable 60 m

7m

20m

7m

20m

20m

Segment coupler [Ex ia/ib] IICIs = 100 mAUs = 13 V

spur

UB = 12,22 V

Fig. 4.3Example 3: Calculation of thesegment EEx ib,Bus installed with routing to Zone 0(EEx ia) and Zone 1 (EEx ib)

Max. loop resistance, EEx ib (see Table 4.2) 16 Ω

Specific resistance of cable (e.g. Siemens) 44 363 Ω/km

Max. length (m)= 1000 x loop resistance/specific resistance1000 x (16 363 Ω/44 363 Ω) =

363 m







Current consumption


ConclusionResult of the calculations:

• Cable length: OK• Current consumption EEx ia not permissible, EEx ib OK• Voltage at last device OK

The result for a segment with type of protection EEx ib and a segment coupler EEx ia IICis negative. A segment coupler with type of protection EEx ib IIB would be permissiblebut at the moment there is none on the market. Two possible alternatives are shown inFig. 4.4:

• Version A:two segments with type of protections EEx ib are routed to one tank each. In thiscase, the current consumption is reduced to 56 mA. A segment coupler with typeof protection EEx ia IIC is adequate for this requirement.

• Version B:only circuits with type of protection EEx ia are connected to the bus. The plantcan then be equipped with two segments with type of protection EEx ia.The current consumption per segment is 80 mA.

No. Device Manufacturer Measuring point Basic current Fault current


2 Positioner — VIC121 13 mA 4 mA







Max. fault current (max. IFDE) 6 mA

Current consumption ISEG = SIB + max. IFDE 106 mA

Output current of segment coupler Is (EEx ia IIB) 100 mA

Is ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE ? no Impossible!

Speisestrom eines Segmentkopplers Is (EEx ib IIB) ≤ 280 mA

Is ≥ SIB + max. IFDE ? yes OK!

Output voltage of segment coupler US (manurer´s data) 13 V




Current consumption of segment ISEG 106 mA

Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG 0.78 V

Voltage at last device UB = US - UA 12.22 V

UB ≥ 9 V?* OK!



Zone 1

Version A

Version B

Zone 1

Zone 1

Zone 1

Zone 0

Zone 0

Zone 0

Zone 0

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

T

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

Segment coupler. 3x [EEx ia] IIC

EEx ib

EEx ia.

EEx ib

EEx ia.

EEx ia.

Segment coupler. 2x [EEx ia] IIC

Fig. 4.4Example 2:Alternative architectures:

Version A – two segments withdegree of protection EEx ib IIC

Version B – two segments withdegree of protection EEx ia IIC

T: Terminator



4.6 Data quantity

If the participants communicate directly with the PROFIBUS-DP master through asegment coupler, then the amount of data exchanged sets no limits to the design of thePROFIBUS-DP segment. If a link is used as interface to the PROFIBUS-DP system,however, the amount of data that can be stored in the I/O buffer is limited. The maximumtelegram length that can be handled by the PLC must also be taken into consideration.Table 4.7 summarises the measured values, amount of data and cycle times associatedwith Endress+Hauser and Metso devices. Table 6.3 in Chapter 6.4 lists the telegramlengths of various PLCs.

Example: Data quantityTake Example 1 in Fig 4.5: can a link be used?

• 4x devices deliver 4x 5 bytes = 20 bytes• 4x Promass deliver 4x 6 to 51 byte = 24...204 bytes• 4x positioners deliver 4x 0 to 15 byte = 0...60 bytes•

Depending upon the device configuration, from 44 bytes to 284 bytes are periodicallyexchanged with the PLC. In the case of a link, the data are transmitted to the PLC in atelegram. The telegram length is limited:

a) by the buffer size of the link, e.g. 244 bytes,b) by the max. telegram length of the PLC, e.g. 122 bytesc) by the PROFIBUS-PA specification 244 bytes.

It can seen that the use of a link is determined by the configuration of the field devicesand the system components used. Should the maximum configuration be required, alink could not be used.

T

T

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

11 12

5 0...1

5

0---

15

5

Link,non-hazardousarea

Specifications in bytes

6...5

1

6...5

1

6...5

1

0...1

5by

tes

per

devi

ce

50..1

5

6...5

1

5

Amount of data 44...284 bytes to PLC

Fig. 4.5Example 1: Bus installed innon-hazardous area



Type Cyclic data Data amount Response time Function blocks

Cerabar S Pressure 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB pressure

Deltabar S Differential pressure 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB pressure

Deltapilot S Level 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB level

Micropilot Level 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB level

Mycom II pH WertTemperature

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB

Conductivity (ind.)Temperature

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB

Conductivity (cond.)Temperature

5....10 byte 10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB

Promag 33/35 FlowTotalisatorControl

5...10 byte+ 1 byte output data5 byte ... 50 byte+ 1 byte output data

10 ms ...11,3 ms AI, PB, TB flowTB totalisor

Promass 63 Mass flowTotalisator 1TemperatureDensityTotalisator 2Volumetric flowSatndard volumetric flowTarget medium flowCarrier medium flowCalculated densityControl

10 ms ... 23 ms 8x AI, PB, TB flow2x TB totalisor

Prowirl 77 FlowTotalisatorControl

5 byte ...10 byte+ 1 byte output data

10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB, TB flowTB totalisor

Prosonic T Level 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB level

TMD 834 Temperature 5 byte 10 ms AI, PB, TB temp.

Mypro Conductivity, Temperature

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

pH valueTemperature

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

Liquisys pH valueTemperature

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

O2, Temperature 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

Cl2, Temperature 5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

Turbidity, Tempera-ture

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

Conductivity Temperature

5...10 byte 10 ms ...11.3 ms AI, PB

FXA 164 Level limit 2...8.byte 10 ms...13.9 ms DI, PB

RIB 261 Display 0 byte 0 ms Listener function

ND800PA SP, READBACK, POS_D, CHECKBACK

5...15 byte 10 ms AO, PB, TB positioner

Table 4.7PROFIBUS-PA data of E+H and Metso devices



4.7 Cycle times

In addition to the amount of data, the cycle times must also be considered when thePROFIBUS-PA segment is planned. Data exchange between a PLC (a Class 1 master)and the field devices occurs automatically in a fixed, repetitive order. The cycle timesdetermine how much time is required until the data of all the devices in the network areupdated.

The more complex a device is, the greater the amount of data to be exchanged and thelonger the response time for the exchange between PLC and device. Table 4.7summarises the amount of data and the response times for Endress+Hauser and Metsodevices. The total cycle time for the updating of network data is calculated as follows:

Total cycle time = Sum of the cycle times of the field devices+ internal PLC cycle time+ PROFIBUS-DP transmission time

Examples can be found in Section 4.9.

LinksThe total cycle time of a system can be reduced considerably by the use of links. Thelimitation placed on the transmission rate of the PROFIBUS-DP side by a segmentcoupler is eliminated.

4.8 Addressing

Every device in the bus system is assigned a unique address. Valid addresses lie in therange 0...126. If the address is not set correctly, the device cannot communicate.

PROFIBUS-DP network The PLC is able to assign up to 126 addresses to individual devices. A device addressmay appear only once within a particular PROFIBUS-DP system. If a segment coupleris used, then the addresses assigned to the PROFIBUS-PA devices count asPROFIBUS-DP addresses. For a typical bus configuration with PLC and PC, theaddresses are assigned as follows:

• the PLC is assigned an address (Class 1 master)• the PC or operating tool is assigned an address

(Class 2 master)• the other addresses are assigned to the field devices.

Addressing with a link If one or more links are in use, these are considered to be on the PROFIBUS-DP network.The field devices connected to link, however, form a separate PROFIBUS-PA system. Inthis case, the PROFIBUS-DP addresses are assigned as follows:

• the PLC is assigned an address (Class 1 master)• the PC or operating tool is assigned an address

(Class 2 master)• every link is assigned an address:

The field devices connected to the link are assigned a unique address for thePROFIBUS-PA segment of which they are part. They are not counted as part ofthe PROFIBUS-DP system.

• the rest of the addresses are assigned to the other field devices that areconnected to transporent segment couples or directly to the PROFIBUS-DPsystem.

On the PROFIBUS-PA side, every device is assigned an address between 3 and 126,(the addresses 0 and 1 are reserved). Address 2 is reserved for the link.

Three examples for addressing are to be found in Section 4.9.



4.9 Example calculations for addressing and cycle times

Example 1:Siemens segmentcoupler

Siemens segment couplers can be used by any PROFIBUS-DP master (PLC or processcontrol system) that supports a baudrate of 45.45 kbit/s. In the example, two couplersfor hazardous areas and one for non-hazardous areas are used.

• A maximum of 126 (0 - 125) addresses can be given to the participants, since the segment coupler is transparent.

• 124 addresses are available for assignment to the field devices.• The addresses 3 - 19 are used.• The transmission rate is 45.45 kbit/s.

The cycle time for the following example is:

• ∑ (cycle time of the devices) + PLC cycle time (ca. 100 ms)= 17 x 10 ms + 100 ms= 270 ms

Note!• For PROFIBUS-DP alone, the DP transmission time must also be considered.

Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC/IIB Non-hazardous area

Device designation 6ES7-157-0 AD00-0XA0 6ES7-157-0 AC00-0XA0

max. output current 100 mA 400 mA

Note!

power supply DP masteraddress A 1

Operating tooladdress A 2

45.45 kbit/s

Standard segment coupler Ex segment coupler Ex segment coupler

Explosion hazardous areaSafe area

PR

OFI

BU

S-

PA

PR

OFI

BU

S-

PA

PR

OFI

BU

S-

PA

PROFIBUS-DP

CPU100 ms

A14

A15

A16

A17

A18

A19

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

Fig. 4.6Example of network for Siemenssegment coupler



Example 2:Pepperl + Fuchssegment coupler

The Peppert + Fuchs segment coupler can be used by any PROFIBUS-DP master (PLCor process control system). It can thus be used in all common configurations. In theexample, two couplers for hazardous areas and one for non-hazardous areas are used.

• A maximum of 126 (0 - 125) addresses can be given to the participants, since the segment coupler is transparent.

• 124 addresses are available for assignment to the field devices.• The addresses 3 - 19 are used.• The transmission rate is 93.75 kbit/s.


• ∑ (cycle time of the devices) + PLC cycle time (ca. 100 ms)= 17 x 10 ms + 100 ms= 270 ms


Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC/IIB Non-hazardous area

Device designation KFD2-BR-EX1.2PA93 KFD2-BR-1PA.93

max. output current 100 mA 400 mA

Note!

power supply DP masteraddress A 1

Operating tooladdress A 2

93.75 kbit/s

Standard segment Ex segment coupler Ex segment coupler

Hazardous areaSafe area

PR

OFI

BU

S-

PA

PR

OFI

BU

S-

PA

PR

OFI

BU

S-

PA

PROFIBUS-DP

CPU100 ms

A14

A15

A16

A17

A18

A19

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

Fig. 4.7Network example for P+Fsegment



Example 3:Siemens PA-link

The Siemens PA-link can be used by any PROFIBUS-DP master (PLC or process controlsystem). Three links are used in the example: two links for hazardous areas and one fornon-hazardous areas. Two segment couplers for non-hazardous areas are connectedto the link for non-hazardous areas. Similarly two segment couplers for hazardous areasare connected to the hazardous area link.

• A maximum of 126 addresses can be assigned to the participants on thePROFIBUS-DP system.

• A maximum of 30 addresses (address range 3 - 126) can be assigned in thePROFIBUS-PA segments connected to the link.

• The PROFIBUS-DP addresses 3 -5 are used to address the links.• In the PROFIBUS-PA segments, the addresses 2 -11, 2 - 10 and 2 - 9 are used,

whereby address 2 is reserved for the link in each case.• The transmission rate may be up to 12 Mbit/s.


• ∑ (cycle time of the devices) + cycle time per link + PLC-cycle timePROFIBUS-PA segment 1: 9 x 10 ms + 3 x 1 ms + 100 ms = 193 msPROFIBUS-PA segment 2: 8 x 10 ms + 3 x 1 ms + 100 ms = 183 msPROFIBUS-PA segment 3: 7 x 10 ms + 3 x 1 ms + 100 ms = 173 ms


Segment coupler [EEx ia] IIC/IIB Non-hazardous area PA Link (IM157)

Device designation 6ES7-157-0 AD00-0XA0 6ES7-157-0 AC00-0XA0 6ES7-157-0 AC00-0XA0

max. output current 100 mA 400 mA —

Note!

power supply CPU

100 ms

DP masteraddess A1

...12Mbit/sPROFIBUS-DP

Standard segment Ex segment coupler Ex segment couplerA 4 A 5

Explosion-hazardous areaNon-hazardous area

PA 4

PA 3

PA 11

PA 10

PA 9

A 3

PA 5

PA 6

PA 7

PA 8

PR

OF

IBU

S-P

A

PR

OF

IBU

S-P

A

PR

OF

IBU

S-P

A

Link Link Link

PA 3

PA 4

PA 5

PA 6

SubnetworkSubnetwork Subnetwork

PA 5PA 9

PA 8

PA 7

PA 6

PA 3

PA 4

PA 9

PA 10

PA 8

PA 7

Operating tooladdress A2

PA 2 PA 2 PA 2

Fig. 4.8Network example for Siemens link



5 Installation

When installing a PROFIBUS-PA segment, particular attention must be paid to the wiring.The customer has two choices:

• T-box with screw terminals• Cord sets with M12 connector.

In both cases, care must be taken regarding the continuity of the screening and thecorrect termination of the segment.

PROFIBUS-DP systems are usually connected together by means of Sub-D connectors,since there are currently no special components.

The correct installation of the field devices is also important. Since this is beyond thescope of these guidelines, the information should be taken from the correspondingdevice instructions. Finally, the address must be set. The way in which this is done hasan influence on how the segment is subsequently commissioned.

The chapter contains the following sections:

• Cabling in safe areas• Example: screening in safe areas• Example: screening in explosion hazardous areas• Termination• Overvoltage protection• Installation of the devices• Addressing

Note!• Endress+Hauser devices that are suitable for use in explosion hazardous areas are

designed such that the circuit that is connected to the bus exhibits the type of protection "intrinsic safety" category ia.

• In contrast to loop-powered devices, four-wire devices have further types of protection. This must be taken into account when the device is installed. Since the connection compartment for the intrinsically safe circuits are designed with type of protection EEx d or EEx e, the M12 connector cannot be used for EEx d devices and only under certain conditions for EEx e devices.

Note!



5.1 Cabling in safe areas

Screened cable must always be used, see Chapter 3.2. In order to obtain the optimaleffectiveness, the screening should be connected as often as possible to ground.

• The external ground terminal on the transmitter must be connected to ground.• The screening must be grounded at each end of the cable.• In the event of large differences in potential between the individual grounding

points, only on point on the screening should be connected to the ground. All other screening ends are connected to ground via a capacitor that is suitable for HF applications. (Recommended: ceramic capacitor 10 nF/250 V~)

Screening the spur/T-box

Use cable glands with good electromagnetic compatibility, if possible with all-roundcontacting of the cable screening (iris spring). A prerequisite is small potentialdifferences, if necessary with equipotential bonding.

• The continuity of the PA cable screening between tapping points must be ensured.• The connection to the screening must be kept as short as possible.

Ideally, cable glands with iris spring should be used to connect the cable screening toT-boxes. The iris spring within the gland connects the screening to the T-box housing.The woven screening lies under the iris spring. When the gland is tighten, the spring issqueezed tight onto the screening, producing good electrical contact between thescreening and the metal housing.

A T-box is to be seen as part of the screening (Faraday cage). This applies in particulardrop-line boxes, when they are connected to a PA device via plug and cable. In suchcases, a metal plug must be used, in which the cable screening is in direct contact withthe plug housing, e.g. a cord set.

BSA

A S B

1µF

100

T-box (E+H Order Nos.)Aluminium housing IP 67 with 4-pin connector• 017481-0130 with special Pg9 (Iris spring)switchable bus terminator

• 017481-0110 with standard Pg,switchable bus terminator,internal grounding capacitor 10 nF(for capacitive grounding)

Depending upon the T-box, the cable screening is grounded via a 10 nFcapacitor or a special Pg cable gland. If necessary, the capacitor can bereplaced by a wire jumper.

plant ground

next T-box

jumpercable gland with iris spring and/orconnected screening

bus terminatorOFF

Bus cable

bus terminatorON

connector

PROFIBUS-PAdevice via M12connector

Bus cable

Fig. 5.1Optimal EMC connection whenvoltage differences between thegrounding points are small



5.2 Example: screening in safe areas

Note!• These suggestions may deviate from existing standards (IEC 61158-2) and

guidelines, but produce optimal installation from an EMC point of view.•

Example 1Optimal installation when an equipotential bonding system exists

• When the device is not connected directly to the T-box or junction box, use a cord set ➀ with M12 connector.

Example 2Isolated installation when no additional grounding is allowed or when the potentialdifferences between the grounding points are too great (the customer's groundingconcept must be observed).

• The segment coupler is the preferred point to fully connect the screening (i.e. notvia a capacitor)


Note!

T-box

cable gland withiris spring

plug with groundconnection

field devicefield device

ground connectionas short as possible

Plant grounding system (German practice shown here)

powersupply/segmentcoupler

T-box

Fig. 5.2Optimal installation when anequipotential bonding systemexists

T-box

standard Pg 9

capacitors:max. 10 nF/250 V~



T-box

➀

Fig. 5.3Alternative installation forisolated version



5.3 Example: screening in explosion hazardous areas

The examples which follow reflectGerman practice - when adapting them forinternational use, please observe your national regulations.T-boxes and junction boxes must be certified for use in hazardous areas (light bluecolour), type of protection EEx ia. E+H order number: e.g. 017481-0100

Example 1 Common grounding of all devices


• The connection between the screening/housing is not routed into the T-box ➁ and must be pulled in afterwards.

Example 2 Separate grounding of the devices between safe and hazardous areas.


• The connection between the screening/housing is not routed into the T-box ➁ and must be pulled in afterwards.

• Use a small capacitor (e.g. 1 nF/1500 V dielectric strength, ceramic) ➂. The total capacitance connected to the screening must not exceed 10 nF.

T-box

standard Pg 9


Non-hardardousarea

plant grounding system (German practice shown here)


T-box

terminatorE+H Order No.017481-0001

➀

Fig. 5.4Common grounding of all devices

T-box

standard Pg 9


Non-hardardousarea

plant grounding system (German practice shown here)


T-box

terminatorE+H Order No.017481-0001

➀

screeningisolatedfromhousing

Fig. 5.5Separate grounding of thedevices between safe andhazardous areas.



5.4 Termination

The start and end of every PROFIBUS-PA segment must be fitted with a bus terminator.For non-hazardous areas, some T-boxes have an integrated terminating element thatcan be switched in when required. If this is not the case, a separate terminator must beused.

• The segment coupler at the beginning of the segment has a built in terminator.• The terminator in the T-box at the end of the segment must be switched in, or a

separate terminator must be used.• T-boxes with switchable terminators may not be used in explosion hazardous areas.

The terminator requires the corresponding FISCO approval and is a separate unit.• For a segment with a tree architecture, the bus ends at the device that is the furthest

from the segment coupler.• For a junction box, the termination can be made at the box, provided that none of

the connected spurs exceeds 30 m in length.• If the bus is extended by the use of a repeater, then the extension must also be

terminated at both ends.

The beginning and end of the PROFIBUS-DP segment must also be terminated, seeChapter 2. The terminating resistors are already built into most of the connectors on themarket and must only be switched in.

5.5 Overvoltage protection

Depending upon the application, the PROFIBUS-PA segment can also be protectedagainst overvoltages.

• An overvoltage protector is installed immediately after the segment coupler.• An overvoltage protector is installed immediately before every device

(between the device and the T-box).• In the case of hazardous applications, each overvoltage protector must have the

corresponding approval.• The manufacturer's instructions are to be observed when installing.

The overvoltage protectors HAW 560 (standard) and HAW 562 Z (hazardousapplications) are available from Endress+Hauser or direct from the manufacturer (Dehnund Söhne, Neumarkt, Germany)

field device

Segment coupler

Overvoltageprotection

Fig. 5.6PROFIBUS-PA overvoltageprotection system



5.6 Installation of the devices

The devices must be installed in accordance with the following operating manuals.

Explosion-hazardousareas

All components used in explosion-hazardous applications must have a FISCOapproval. If this is not the case, the PROFIBUS-PA segment must be specially approvedby the responsible authorities. All the Endress+Hauser and Metso devices listed abovehave been certified in accordance with the FISCO model.

Note!In addition to the general installation guidelines, any special guidelines for installationin explosion-hazardous areas as well as the guidelines in Chapter 4.1 regarding theinterconnection of devices in explosion hazardous areas must be observed.

Electrical connection Connect up according to the instructions in the device operating manual.

For devices with integrated polarity protection of the bus line, the correct polarity isautomatically selected. If a device without polarity protection is incorrectly wired, then itwill not be recognised by the PLC or operating program. Such an incorrect connection,however, has no damaging effect on the device or the segment.

All Endress+Hauser and Metso devices have integrated polarity protection and can becommissioned independent of the actual polarity.

ID Code Device Operating instructions

1501 Cerabar S BA 168P/00/de

1502 Prosonic T BA 166F/00/de

1503 Deltapilot S BA 164F/00/de

1504 Deltabar S BA 167P/00/de

1505 Promag 33/35 BA 029D/06/de

1506 Promass 63 BA 033D/06/de

1507 TMD 834 BA 090R/09/de

1508 Mycom II pH BA 143C/07/de

1509 Mycom II conductivity (ind.) BA 168C/07/de

150A Micropilot FMR 230 V BA 202F/00/de

Micropilot FMR 231 BA 176F/00/de

150B Mycom II conductivity (cond.) BA 144C/07/ de

150C Mypro conductivity BA 198C/07/de

150D Mypro pH BA 198C/07/de

1510 Prowirl 77 BA 037D/06/de

1515 - 1519 Liquisys in Vorbereitung

1514 FXN 164 TI 343F/00/de

RID 261 BA 098R/09/a3

052d ND800PA 7ND72en.pdf

Note!



5.7 5.7 Addressing

Address switch The device address can be set either locally via DIP switch, via local operating elementsor by the appropriate software, e.g. Commuwin II.

• If future extensions to the network are planned, it makes sense to assign addresses for the devices that are not yet connected. These can then be connected per plug and play at a later date.

All Endress+Hauser devices except the temperature sensor TMD 834 are fitted with anaddress switch.

• Switches 1 - 7: Hardware address• Switch 8: Hardware addressing (OFF) or

Software addressing (ON) is used.

The default setting is the software address 126.

Local user interfaceND800PA address can be changed by using the local user interface.

Hardware addressingHardware addressing has the advantage that the device can be installed in the segmentimmediately.

1) Set switch 8 to OFF.2) Set an address with switches 1 - 7: the associated values are shown in the table.

Software addressingA software address can be set by calling the DPV1_DDE server in Commuwin II or byusing a PROFIBUS-DP operating tool.

• The device leaves the factory set for software addressing: Default address 126.• This address can be used to check the function of the device and to connect it into

an operating network.• Afterwards, the address must be changed to allow other devices to be connected

to the network.

SWHW

onoff

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2 + 8 = 10

Switch No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Value in position "off" 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Value in position "on" 1 2 4 8 16 32 64



Commuwin II To set an address with Commuwin II proceed as follows:

1) Select software addressing at the device: set switch 8 of the address switch to ON2) Start the DVP1 server with a double click on the DPV1 icon in the Commuwin II pro-

gram group.3) Select the item Set Address in the menu Configure.4) If a type IM 157 Siemens DP/PA link is being used, enter its DP-address under PA

Link Addr.5) Enter the current address under Old Addr. (= 126 when commissioning).Check the

address entered by clicking on Check Old Address. If a device with the entered address is found, a message to this effect appears under Device ID. Otherwise the error message "unknown" appears.

6) Enter the new address in New Addr.Check that there is no address conflict by clicking on Check New Address. When the button Set Address becomes active, click on it to assign the new address to the device.

7) When the procedure is completed correctly, the following message appears:"Address successfully changed!"

xx

Pa-Link Addr.:

Device Id:

New Addr.:

Device Id.:

Old Addr.:

Set Device Address

Help

34

TMD 834

UNKNOWN

Check Old Addr.

Cancel

Check New Addr.Check New Addr.

Set AddressSet Address

xx

Pa-Link Addr.:

Device Id:

New Addr.:

Device Id.:

Old Addr.:

Set Device Address

Help

34

10

TMD 834

UNKNOWN

Check Old Addr.

Cancel

Check New Addr.

Set Address



6 System Integration

This chapter is concerned with the information that is required for the system integrationof PROFIBUS-DP and PROFIBUS-PA devices. The chapter is structured as follows:

• Device database files• Data format• Notes on network design• Bus parameters• Tested integrations

6.1 Device database files (GSD)

A device database file contains a description of the properties of the PROFIBUS-PAdevice, e.g. the supported transmission rates and the type and format of the digitalinformation output to the PLC. The bitmap files also belong to the .gsd files. These allowthe measuring point to be represented by an icon. The device database file andcorresponding bitmaps are required by the network design tool of the PROFIBUS-DPnetwork.

Every device is allocated an identity code by the PROFIBUS User Organisation (PNO).This appears in the device data base file name (.gsd). For Endress+Hauser devices,the identity code is always 15xx, where xx is device dependent. The identity codes ofthe various devices are listed in Table 4.5 in Chapter 4.3.

The full set of device data base files for Endress+Hauser and Metso devices can beobtained as follows:

• INTERNET:Metso Automation → www.metsoautomation.comEndress+Hauser → http://www.endress.comProduct Avenue → Downloadstreet → Field Communication StreetPNO → http://www.PROFIBUS.com (GSD library)

• As diskette direct from Endress+Hauser: Order No. 943157-0000

Working with GSD files The .GSD files must be loaded into a specific subdirectory in the PROFIBUS-DP networkdesign software of your PLC.

• GSD files and bitmaps that are located in the directory "Typdat5x", for example, are required for the planning software STEP7 used by the Siemens S7-300/400 PLC family.

• x.200 files and bitmaps that are located in the directory "Extended" are required for the planning software COM ET200 for the Siemens S5.

• The GSD files located in the directory "standard" are for PLCs that support the "identifier byte" (0x94) but not the "identifier format". These are for use e.g. with the Allen-Bradley PLC5.

More details about the directories used for storing the GSD files can be found in Chapter6.4, which describes the network design.

Device name ID code.: GSD Type file Bitmaps

Micropilot FMR 23x

150A(hex)

EH__150A.gsd EH_150Ax.200 EH150A_d.bmpEH150A_n.bmpEH150A_s.bmp



6.2 Data format

By using the data exchange service, a PLC can transmit its output data to a field deviceand read the input data from the response telegram. The output data is not evaluatedby all devices, see the device operating instructions.

Analogue values If the input/output data contains analogue measured or setpoint values, these areusually transmitted in 5 bytes to the PLC.

If a device delivers more than one measured value, the measured value telegram isincreased accordingly, see Chapter 2.4. The number of measured values that a devicetransmits is set with the network design tool. Table 4.7 in Chapter 4.6 as well as thedevice operating manuals summarise the measured values that can be transmitted byEndress+Hauser devices.

The measured value is transmitted as a IEEE 754 floating point number, whereby

Measured value = (–1)Sign x 2(E – 127) x (1 + F)

Example: 40 F0 00 00 hex = 0100 0000 1111 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 binary

Value = (–1)0 x 2(129 – 127) x (1 + 2–1 + 2–2 +2–3)= 1 x22 x (1 + 0.5 + 0.25 + 0.125)= 1 x 4 x 1.875= 7.5

Not all PLCs support the IEEE 754 format. For this reason a conversion module mustoften be used or written.

Level limit signals If the field device outputs a level limit signal, e.g. FXA 164 with Liquiphant, theinformation is transmitted in 2 bytes as follows.

An exact description of the transmission format is to be found in the operatinginstructions.

byte 1 byte 2 byte 3 byte 4 byte 5

Measured value as IEEE 754 floating point number Status

D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0

Sign Exponent (E) Fraction (F)

27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7

Fraction (F)

2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-18 2-19 2-20 2-21 2-22 2-23Fig. 6.1IEEE-754 floating point number

bytes 1 bytes 2

Digital value (USGN8) Status



StatusTable 6.2 lists the status messages that can be transmitted by Endress+Hauser andMetso devices. The status codes correspond to the PROFIBUS profiles "PROFIBUS-PAProfile for Process Control Devices - General Requirements" V 2.0.

The full table is supported by the flowmeters Promag, Promass and Prowirl. All otherdevices support only Codes 00Hex, 40Hex and 80Hex.

Status-Code

Significance Device status

Implemented

Flow Other

00 Hex Non-specific BAD x x

04 Hex Configuration error BAD x

08 Hex Not connected BAD x

0C Hex Device failure BAD x

10 Hex Sensor failure BAD x

14 Hex No communication (last usable value) BAD x

18 Hex No communication (no usable value) BAD x

1C Hex Out-of-order BAD x

20 Hex Configuration error "variable not" BAD x

40 Hex Non-specific (Simulation) UNCERTAIN x x

44 Hex Last usable value UNCERTAIN x

48 Hex Substitute set UNCERTAIN x

4C Hex Initial value UNCERTAIN x

50 Hex Sensor conversion not accurate UNCERTAIN x

54 Hex Engineering unit range violation UNCERTAIN x

58 Hex Subnormal UNCERTAIN x

5C Hex Configuration error, value adapted UNCERTAIN x

80 Hex OK GOOD x x

81 Hex LOW_LIM (alarm active) GOOD x

82 Hex HI_LIM (alarm active) GOOD x

84 Hex Active block alarm GOOD x

88 Hex Active advisory alarm GOOD x

8C Hex Active critical alarm GOOD x

90 Hex Unacknowledged block alarm GOOD x

94 Hex Unacknowledged advisory alarm GOOD x

98 Hex Unacknowledged critical alarm GOOD x

9C Hex good local operation possible GOOD x

AC Hex Initiate fail-safe GOOD xTable 6.1Status messages



6.3 Notes on network design

In general, the design of a PROFIBUS-DP network proceeds as follows:

1. The network participants are stipulated in a PROFIBUS-DP network design program.The network is configured off-line with the planning software To this end, the GSDfiles are first loaded into the specified directory of the program.

2. The PLC application program must now be written. This is done using themanufacturer's software. The application program controls the input and output ofdata and determines where the data are to be stored. If necessary, an additionalconversion module must be used for PLCs that do not support the IEEE 754 floatingpoint format. Depending upon the way the data is stored in the PLC (LSB or MSB),a byte swapping module may be required.

3. After the network has been designed and configured, the result is loaded into thePLC as a binary file.

4. When the PLC configuration is complete, the system can be started up. The masteropens a connection to each individual device. By using a Class 2 master, e.g.Commuwin II, the devices parameters can now be set.

System Master PROFIBUSconfigurationsoftware

System-Programming-software

IEEEconv.-block

bytes swap

Siemens S5 Ö seriesS7 Ö series

COM PROFIBUSHW ConfigHW Config

Step 5Step 7PCS 7

FB 201______

no

Allen Bradley PLC-5SLC-500

SST PROFIBUS Configuration Tool

RS Logix-5RS Logix-500

______

no

Schneider TSX Premium Sycon Hilscher PL7 Pro ___ yes

Schneider Quantum Modicon Quantum Sycon Concept ___ yes

Klckner-Moller PS 416 CFG-DP S 40 ___ yes

ABB Freelance Field controller Digitool Digitool ___ yes

Bosch ZS 401 Win DP Win SPS ___ yes

Table 6.2Examples of network designsoftware



6.4 Tested system integrations

Table 6.3 lists those PROFIBUS-DP systems that have been successfully tested byEndress+Hauser. A detailed description of the network design as well as information onother systems is available on request.

PLC Interface DP/PA-Coupler

Siemens S7-300 315-2DP P+F

Siemens S7-300 315-2DP Siemens

Siemens S7-300 315-2DP Siemens DP/PA link

Siemens S7-400 414-2DP P+F

Siemens S7-400 414-2DP Siemens

Siemens S7-400 414-2DP Siemens DP/PA link

Siemens S5-135U IM 308C P+F

Siemens S5-135U IM 308C Siemens

Siemens S5-155U IM 308C P+F

Siemens S5-155U IM 308C Siemens

Siemens S5-155U IM 308C Siemens DP/PA link

Allen Bradley PLC-5 SST-PFB-PLC5 P+F

Allen Bradley PLC-5 SST-PFB-PLC5 Siemens DP/PA link

Allen Bradley SLC 500 SST-PFB-SLC P+F

Mitsubshi Melsec AnS A1S-J71PB92D P+F

Schneider TSX Quantum 140 CRP 81100 P+F

Schneider Premium TSX PBY 100 P+F

HIMA H41 (MODBUS) PKV 20-DPM P+F

Klckner-Mller PS 416 PS416-NET-440 P+F

ABB Freelance 2000 Fieldcontroller P+F

Softing OPC Server Profiboard/Proficard P+F

Bosch CL 350 P BM DP12 P+F

Bosch CL 350 P BM DP12 Siemens DP/PA linkTable 6.3Summary of tested systems



Table 6.5 summarises the most important DP-parameters of various systems.

1) dependent on the telegram length of the slaves

PLC/interface DP/PA coupler No of slaves per DP interface

DP telegram length

Siemens S7-300315-2 DP

P+F 64 244 bytes

Siemens 64 244 bytes

Siemens DP/PA link max. 64 links withmax. 24 slaves each1)

122 bytes read122 bytes write

Siemens S7-400 414-2 DP

P+F 96 244 bytes

Siemens 96 244 bytes

Siemens DP/PA link max. 96 links withmax. 24 Slaves1)


Siemens S5-135U IM 308C

P+F 122 244 bytes read244 bytes writeSiemens 122

Siemens S5-155UIM 308C

P+F 122 244 bytes read244 bytes writeSiemens 122

Siemens DP/PA link max. 20 links withmax. 24 slaves each1)


Allen Bradley PLC-5 SST-PFB-PLC5

P+F 125 244 bytes read244 bytes writeSiemens DP/PA link max. 125 links with

max. 48 slaves each1)

Allen Bradley SLC 500 SST-PFB-SLC

P+F 96 244 bytes read244 bytes write

Mitsubishi Melsec AnS A1S-J71PB92D


Schneider TSX Quantum + 140 CRP 81100


Schneider Premium +TSX PBY 100

P+F 125 max. 244 bytes

HIMA H41 (MODBUS) + PKV 20-DPM

P+F 125 max. 244 bytes

Klckner-Mller PS 416 +PS416-NET-440

P+F 30, 126 with repeaters 244 bytes read244 bytes write

ABB Freelance 2000 + Fieldcontroller


Bosch CL 350 P + BM DP12

P+F 125 244 bytes read244 bytes writeSiemens DP/PA link max. 125 links with

max. 48 slaves each1)Table 6.4Summary of tested systems



6.5 Bus parameters

Baudrate,PROFIBUS-DP devices

Endress+Hauser's PROFIBUS-DP devices support baudrates up to 12 Mbit/s. Thebaudrate is automatically adjusted to that used by the master.

Operating programCommuwin II.

If Commuwin II is used as a Class 2 master to transmit acyclic values, then the busparameters of the DPV1 DDE server must be matched to those of the segment coupler(or those of the network for PROFIBUS-DP applications).

Depending upon the segment coupler, the corresponding PROFIBUS-DP baudratemust be set in the network design software.

Pepperl + Fuchs 93.75 kbit/sSiemens 45.45 kbit/sPA Link (Siemens) 9.6 kbit/s – 12 Mbit/s

The baudrate of Commuwin II must be set in the DPV1 DDE server.

1. Start the server DPV1 from the File Manager or Explorer by a double click on theDPV1 icon in the Commuwin II program group.

2. Open the item Parameter Settings in the Configure menu. The baudrate can nowbe adjusted.

3. After the baudrate has been entered, update the bus parameters by clicking onDefault.

4. If necessary optimise the parameters as per Table 6.3 or the manufacturer'sspecifications.

1) The segment coupler has the label 12-3-982) Value must be set in all masters.

Segment coupler Siemens P+F "old" P+F "new"1)

Slot time 640 10000 4095

Max. station delay time 400 1000 100

Min. station delay time 11 255 22

Setup time 95 255 150

GAP update factor 1 1 1

Max. retry limit 3 5 5

Target rotation time2) (TTR) TTR calculated by master + 20 000 bit times

xx

Local Station Addr.:

Baudrate [kBd]:

Slot Time [TSL]:

Bit Times

Min St Delay [minTSDR]:

Max St Delay [max TSDR]:

Setup Time [TSET]:

Target Rotation Time [TTR]:

Higest Station Addr. [HSA]:

Gap Update Factor:

Max. Retry Limit::

Communication Parameter Settings

Default

Help

1

45,45

640 [6882 µs]

[119 µs]

[4302 µs]

[1022 µs]

[107527 µs]

11

400

95

10000

126

1

3

Cancel

OK

Table 6.5Bus parameters for Commuwin II



7 Device Configuration

There are two reasons for configuring a PROFIBUS-PA device:

• the adjustment of the operating parameters of the device to calibrate it for the application at hand. In this case the corresponding operating instructions should be used.

• the adjustment of the profile parameters of the device in order to e.g. scale or simulate the cyclic measured value output to the PLC.

The operating parameters can be set using the local operating elements of the device,if it is so equipped. This is not described in this manual. These parameters can also beadjusted by the acyclic services of the PROFIBUS-DP system, e.g. with the CommuwinII operating and display program. Profile parameters are accessible only through thecyclic services of the PROFIBUS-DP system.

This chapter describes the operating concept of the PROFIBUS-PA devices. It issubdivided as follows:

• PROFIBUS-PA block model• Device management• Physical block• Transducer block• Function block• Operating program Commuwin II.• Oprating Simatic PDM

Note!The figures and tables in this chapter mostly refer to PROFIBUS-PA Profile 3.0 which willbe released shortly.

Note!



7.1 PROFIBUS-PA block model

The PROFIBUS-PA profile describes several parameters that can be used to realise adevice. Mandatory parameters must always be present, Optional parameters are onlypresent when required, e.g. for a particular transmitter type. Manufacturer-specificparameters are used to realise device functions that are not in the standard profile. Amanufacturer's operating tool or a device description is required for their operation.

In the case of PROFIBUS-PA devices that conform with the standard, these parametersare managed in block objects. Within the blocks, the individual parameters aremanaged using relative indices.

Fig. 7.1 shows the block model of a simple sensor. It comprises four blocks: devicemanagement, physical block, transducer block and function block that are describedin detail in the following sections. The sensor signal is converted to a measured valueby the transducer block and transmitted to the function block. Here the measured valuecan be scaled or limits can be set before it is made available as the output value to thecyclic services of the PLC.

For an actuator, the processing is in the reverse order, see Fig. 7.2. The PLC outputs asetpoint value that serves as the input value to the actuator. After any scaling, thesetpoint value is transmitted to the transducer block as the output value of the functionblock. It processes the value and outputs a signal that drives the valve to the desiredposition.

Device management

Physical block

measured value

sensor signalTransducerblock

Functionblock

output value oftransmitter/input value of PLC

Fig. 7.1PROFIBUS-PA block model of asensor

Device management

Physical block

output value

signal to valveTransducerblock

Functionblock

input value ofactuator(set point)/output value of PLC

Fig. 7.2PROFIBUS-PA block model of anactuator



Block structure The parameters assigned to the individual blocks use the data structures and dataformats that are specified in the PROFIBUS standard. The structures are designed suchthat the data are stored and transmitted in an ordered and interpretable manner.

All parameters in the PROFIBUS-PA profile, whether mandatory or optional, areassigned an address (slot/index). The address structure must be maintained, even ifoptional parameters are not implemented in a device, This ensures that the relativeindices in the profile are also to be found in the devices.

Standard parameters With the exception of the device management, the standard parameters are to be foundat the beginning of every block. They are used to identify and manage the block. Theuser can access these parameters using the acyclic services, e.g. by means of theCommuwin II operating program. Table 7.1 lists and briefly explains the standardparameters.

R = Read, W = Write, M/O = Mandatory/Optional parameter

Rel. Index

Parameter Description R/W M/O

1 BLOCKOB-JECT

Contains the type of block, e.g. function block, as well as further classification information in the form of three storey a tree struc-ture.

R M

2 ST_REV Event counter: Counts every access to a static block parameter. Static parameters are those device parameters that are not influ-enced by the process.

R M

3 TAG_DESC Text for unambiguous identification of the block: In the physical block, TAG_DESC is used as the measuring point tag.

R, W M

4 STRATEGY A code number that allows blocks to be grouped together. R, W M

5 ALERT_KEY Identifies the part of the plant where the transmitter is located. Helps in the localisation of events.

R, W M

6

MODE_BLK Describes the operating mode of the block. Three parameters are possible:actual modepermitted mode andnormal modeMODE_BLK allows a functional check of the block. If the block is faulty, a default value can be output.

R, W M

7 ALARM_SUM Contains the current status of the block alarms. At the moment only the following are signalled: the change of a static parameter (10 s) and the violation of the advisory and critical limits in the analog input block.

R, W M

8 BATCH Provided for batch processes as per IEC 61512 Part 1. Is only to be found in function blocks.

R, W MTable 7.1Standard block parameters



7.2 Device management

The device management comprises the directory for the block and object structure ofthe device. It gives information about:

• which blocks are present in the device• where the start addresses are located (slot/index)• how many objects each block holds.

By using this information, the application program of the master can find and transmitthe mandatory and optional parameters of a profile block, see Fig. 7.3.

The device management is always located in slot 1 starting at index 0. It contains thefollowing parameters:

DIRECTORY_OBJECT_HEADER

Device Management (Slot 1) Slot x Slot y

DIR_ID

Index j Index m

Index k Index n

Index l

INDEX_PB

REV_NUMBER

FUNCTION BLOCK 1 FUNCTION BLOCK 2

PHYSICAL BLOCK 1 TRANSDUCER BLOCK 2

TRANSDUCER BLOCK 1

NUM_PB

NUM_DIR_OBJ

INDEX TB

NUM_DIR_ENT

NUM_TB

FIRST_COMP_LIST_DIR_ENTRY

INDEX_FB

....

NUM_COMP_LIST_DIR_ENTRY

NUM_FB

BLOCK_PTR_#

COMPOSITE_LIST_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES

BLOCK_PTR_1BLOCK_PTR_2BLOCK_PTR_3BLOCK_PTR_4

COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES

COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES_CONTINUOUS

Fig. 7.3Structure and function of thedevice managementDevice management block

Abs. Index


8 SOFTWARE_REVISION Software version implemented in device R M

0

DIRECTORY_OBJECT_HEADER Header comprising (see Fig. 7.3 for parameter names)

Directory code (=0)Directory version numberNumber of directory objectsNumber of directory entriesIndex of the first directory entryNumber of block types

R M

1 COMPOSITE_LIST_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES/

COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES

Pointer:Abs. index + offset, 1st physical blockNumber of physical blocksAbs. index + offset, 1st transducer blk.Number of transducer blocksAbs. index + offset, 1st function blockNumber of function blocksPointer 1 to 1st blockPointer 2 to 2nd block.....Pointer # to #th block

M

2 COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES_CONTINUOUS

Continuation of COMPOSITE_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES or start of the pointer entries

W M

Table 7.2Device management parameters



7.3 Physical block

The physical block contains the properties of the field device. These are deviceparameters and functions that are not dependent upon the measurement method. Thisensures that the function and transducer blocks are independent of the hardware.

The physical block contains the following parameters:

R = Read, W = Write, M/O = Mandatory/Optional parameter

Rel. Index


8 SOFTWARE_REVISION Software version implemented in the device R M

9 HARDWARE_REVISION Hardware version implemented in the device

R M

10 DEVICE_MAN_ID Manufacurerís identity code W M

11 DEVICE_ID Manuafacturerís name for the device R M

12 DEVICE_SER_NUM Serial number of the device R M

13 DIAGNOSIS Bit-coded uniform diagnostic messages R M

14 DIAGNOSIS_EXTENSION Manufacturerís diagnostic messages R O

15 DIAGNOSE_MASK Bit mask that indicates the DIAGNOSIS bits supported.

R M

16 DIAGNOSIS_EXTENSION_MASK Bit mask that indicates the DIAGNOSIS_EXTENSION bits supported

R O

17 DEVICE_CERTIFICATION Text describing the device certification R, W O

18 WRITE_LOCKING On/off switch for write protection R, W O

19 FACTORY_RESET Command that resets the device e.g. to its factory settings

W O

20 DESCRIPTOR User text that describes the function of a device within an application

R, W M

21 DEVICE_MESSAGE User text that describes the function of the device within its application or device unit

R, W M

22 DEVICE_INSTAL_DATE Installation date of the device R, W M

23 LOCAL_OP_ENA Enable/Disable of local operation R, W M

24 IDENT_NUMBER Specifies the configuration behaviour of the device on acknowledgement of the device identity code.dar

R, W M

25 HW_WRIE_PROTECTION Shows the setting of a hardware jumper that activates ageneral write protection

R, W MTable 7.3Physical block parameters



Diagnostic messages The diagnostic messages are divided into standard (DIAGNOSE) and manufacturer-specific blocks (DIAGNOSE_EXTENSION). A diagnostic message is supported when a"1" is to be found in the corresponding bit mask (_MASKE). The following statuses areto be found in the standard diagnostics.

In the case of Endress+Hauser devices, a device error message is available when Bit7 of Octet 4 is set (=1). They are stored as 6 bytes in slot 1. For further information, seethe corresponding field device.

Octet Bit Parameter Description

1 0 DIA_HW_ELECTR Fault in device electronics hardware

1 DIA_HW_MECH Mechanical device fault

2 DIA_TEMP_MOTOR Motor temperature too high

3 DIA_TEMP_ELECTR Electronics temperature too high

4 DIA_MEM_CHKSUM Memory error

5 DIA_MEASUREMENT Measured value error

6 DIA_NOR_INIT Device not initialised

7 DIA_INIT_ERR Intialisation error

2 0 DIA_ZERO_ERR Zero point error

1 DIA_SUPPLY Load supply error

2 DIA_CONF_INVAL Invalid configuration

3 DIA_WARMSTART Warm start in progress

4 DIA_COLDSTART Cold start in progress

5 DIA_MAINTENANCE Maintenance necessary

6 DIA_CHARACT Invalid characteristic

7 IDENT_NUMBER_VIOLATION Violation of identity number

3 0 - 7 reserved

4 0 - 6 reserved

7 EXTENSION_AVAILABLE Manufacturer's diagnostic messages availableTable 7.4Standard diagnostic messages



7.4 Transducer blocks

Transducer blocks stand as separating elements between the sensor (or actuator) andthe function block. They process the signal from the sensor (or actuator) and output avalue that is transmitted via a device-independent interface to the function block.

The transducer blocks reflect the measurement (or actuator) principles. Moreover,blocks also exist for devices with a binary input or output signal- Fig. 7.4. shows thetransducer blocks that are currently available. A description of the parameters can betaken from BA 124F (Commuwin II) or the appropriate device operating instructions.

Fig. 7.5 shows an example for a hydrostatic level transmitter. The functions indicatedcan be operated via the acyclic services. When Commuwin II is used Endress+Hauserdevices can also be operated with the E+H matrix or graphic operation interface.

Measurement equipment

A (Analysis) L (Level)P (Pressure, ∆p) T (Temperature)F (Flow)

Differentialpressure

Electromagnetic

Vortex

Ultrasonic

Positive displacement

Coriolis

Thermal

Resistancethermometer

Thermocouple

Pyrometer

Hydrostatic

Displacement

Ultrasonics

Microwave

Capacitance

Vibration

Fig. 7.4Summary of measuring methodsimplemented in transducerblocks (1999)

p

l

EM

PT

Y_C

AL

FU

LL_C

AL

DE

NS

ITY

_FA

CTO

R

PR

ES

SU

RE

(MA

X_P

RE

SS

UR

E)

(MIN

_PR

ES

SU

RE

)(U

NIT

)

LEV

EL

VO

LUM

ES

TAT

US

ZE

RO

_OF

FS

ET

LIN

_TY

PE

LIN

EA

RIS

ATIO

NM

AX

_NU

M_S

UP

PO

RT

ED

MA

X_N

UM

_NE

ED

IND

EX

INP

UT

_VA

LUE

OU

T_V

ALU

E

LIN

EA

RIS

ATIO

NC

YL_

DIA

ME

TE

RC

YL_

VO

LUM

E

l

v

l

v

Parameters can be read and written using the acyclic services

Fig. 7.5Example for the transducer blockof a hydrostatic level transmitter



7.5 Function blocks

The function blocks contain the basic automation functions. Since the applicationprogram demands that a cyclic value always behaves in the same manner, the blocksare designed to be as independent as possible from the actuator/sensor and thefieldbus. For transmitters there are currently three function blocks, which are describedin more detail in the following pages.

Analog input block The analog input block is fed by the transducer block of a particular transmitter. The firstfunction in the processing chain allows the measured value to be replaced by asimulated value when required. Then the input value is normalised to a value between0 and 1. Normally, the lower and upper range values of the transducer block are usedfor scaling. No limits are set on the scaling values, and values beyond the end-valuesare correctly scaled.

The resulting value can now be linearised if required. Depending upon the setting, forexample, a root function, a linearisation table or a preset linearisation might beactivated. For Endress+Hauser devices with Profile 2.0, these functions are currentlymapped on the transducer block. For devices with Profile 3.0 (available early in 2000)the linearisation will be mapped on the analog input block as described here.

The normalised value is now scaled. If the "OUT" value offered to the PLC is to beidentical with the input value of the transducer block, then the lower and upper rangevalues from the transducer block must again be used for scaling. Alternatively, othervalues can be used, e.g. 1 – 32768 (20 – 215) in 15-bit resolution.

An integration time and limits can now be assigned to the output value. Violations of thelimits are signalled in the status byte. Finally the status of the output value is checked.The safety functions are activated when the status "BAD" or the mode "out of service" isdetected. On fault condition a default value can be used as output value. The cyclicmeasured value made available to the DP master comprises the output value OUT andthe status.

Fig. 7.6Schematic diagram of the analog input block

1

1

1

0

PV OUT

0

PV

_SC

ALE

PV

_SC

ALE

_UN

ITP

V_S

CA

LE_M

INP

V_S

CA

LE_M

AX

OU

T_S

CA

LEO

UT

_SC

ALE

_UN

ITO

UT

_SC

ALE

_MIN

OU

T_S

CA

LE_M

AX

HI_

HI_

LIM

HI_

LIM

LO

_LIM

LO_L

O_L

IMA

LAR

M_H

YS

HI_

HI_

ALM

HI_

ALM

LO_A

LMLO

_LO

_ALM

SIM

ULA

TIO

NV

ALU

ES

TAT

US

ON

_OF

F

LIN

_TY

PE

CH

AN

NE

L

NO

RM

AL_

MO

DE

PE

RM

ITT

ED

_MO

DE

AC

TU

AL_

MO

DE

FS

AF

E_T

YP

EF

SA

FE

_VA

LUE

MO

DE

_BLK

MA

N

MAN

PV

_TIM

E

1

τ FAILSAFE

OUT

MODE/STATUS

AUTO

O/S


Alarms are indicated in the status byte



Totalisor block The totalisor block is used when a process variable must be summed over a period oftime. This is the case for flowmeters, whereby for Endress+Hauser devices totalisorscan be activated for both volume and mass measurements. The block is fed by thetransducer block of a particular transmitter, which provides a measured value andstatus.

The first function in the processing chain is a safety logic that checks the status of theinput value. If the status is "BAD", the safety function is activated. Three options are nowavailable: the bad value can be used for totalising, the last valid value can be used orthe totaliser can be switched off. The safety function remains active until the statuschanges to "OK".

The next function is the selection of counting mode. Four options are available: allvalues, positive values only, negative values only, no values at all. The value is nowtotalised by the counter. The counter can be set to work with equidistant timing or overtime differences. It can also be reset to a preset value or zero.

Limits may also be assigned to the totalisor. Violations of the limits are signalled in thestatus byte. Finally the status of the output value is checked. If the mode "out of service"is detected, the safe functions are activated. On fault condition a default value can beused as output value. The cyclic measured value made available to the DP mastercomprises the output value TOTAL and the status.

Fig. 7.7Schematic diagram of the totaliser block

SE

T_T

OT

PR

ES

ET

_TO

TU

NIT

_TO

T

HI_

HI_

LIM

HI_

LIM

LO

_LIM

LO_L

O_L

IMA

LAR

M_H

YS

HI_

HI_

ALM

HI_

ALM

LO_A

LMLO

_LO

_ALM

MO

DE

_TO

T

CH

AN

NE

L

NO

RM

AL_

MO

DE

PE

RM

ITT

ED

_MO

DE

AC

TU

AL_

MO

DE

FAIL

_TO

T

MO

DE

_BLK

MAN

MA

N_V

ALU

E

ΣFAILSAFE

MEMORY

HOLD

RUNTOTAL

MODE/STATUS

AUTO

BALANCEDPOS_ONLYNEG_ONLYHOLD

O/S


Alarms are indicated in the status byte



Discrete input block The discrete input block is used for limit switched, e.g. the Liquiphant (in connectionwith the FXA 164 NAMUR/PROFIBUS-PA interface). The analog input block is fed by atransducer block of a particular transmitter.

The first function in the processing chain allows the measured value to be replaced bya simulated value when required. Afterwards the resulting signal can be inverted.

Finally the status of the output value is checked. The safety functions are activated whenthe status "BAD" or the mode "out of service" is detected. On fault condition a defaultvalue can be used as output value. The cyclic measured value made available to thePROFIBUS-DP master comprises the output value OUT_D and the status.

SIM

ULA

TIO

NV

ALU

ES

TAT

US

ON

_OF

F

CH

AN

NE

L

NO

RM

AL_

MO

DE

PE

RM

ITT

ED

_MO

DE

AC

TU

AL_

MO

DE

FS

AF

E_T

YP

EF

SA

FE

_VA

L_D

MO

DE

_BLK

INV

ER

T

MA

N

MAN

FAILSAFE

OUT_D

MODE/STATUS

AUTO

O/SINVERT


Fig. 7.8Schematic diagram of thediscrete input block



7.6 Operating program Commuwin II.

PROFIBUS-PA devices can be operated by the operating program Commuwin II (fromsoftware version 2.0 upwards) A full description of Commuwin II is to be found inoperating instructions BA 124F. All the standard functions of Commuwin II aresupported excepting envelope curves for ultrasonic and microwave devices. Thedevice settings can be made using the operating matrix or graphic operating interface.

Requirements Commuwin II runs on an IBM-compatible PC or Laptop. The computer must beequipped with a PROFIBUS interface, i.e. PROFIBOARD for PCs and PROFICARD forlaptops. During the system integration, the computer is registered as a Class 2 master.

Operation The PA-DPV1 server must be installed. The connection to Commuwin II is opened fromthe PA-DPV1 server.

• Generate a live list with "Tags"

• E+H operation is selected by clicking on the device name, e.g. CERABAR S.• Profile operation is selected by clicking on the appropriate tag,

e.g. AI: PIC 205 = Analog input block Cerabar S.• The settings are entered in the device menu.

Device menu The device menu allows matrix or graphical operation to be selected.

• In the case of matrix operation, the device or profile parameters are displayed in a matrix. A parameter can be changed when the corresponding matrix field is selected.

• In the case of graphical operation, the operating sequence is shown in a series of pictures with parameters. For profile operation, the pictures Diagnosis, Scaling,Simulation and Block are of interest.

The device parameters are set in accordance with the corresponding operatinginstructions. Tables of profile functions are also to be found here. The parameter blocksare adapted to the transmitters: not all the functions shown in Fig 7.5 to Fig. 7.8 need beimplemented.

Devices from other vendors can also be operated via the profile parameters. In thiscase, standardised transducer, function or physical blocks appear.

Off-line operation(E+H, Samson)

Commuwin also allows the devices to be configured off-line. After all parameters havebeen entered, the file generated can be loaded into the connected device.

Up-/download(E+H, Samson)

This function allows the parameters of an already configured device to be loaded andstored in Commuwin II. If several devices (with the same software version) have to beconfigured in the same way, the parameters can now be downloaded into the devices.

007 - FEB 24

008 - CERABAR S

PHY_20: LIC 123LEVEL: LIC 123AI: LIC 123

PHY_30: PIC 205Pressure PIC 205AI: PIC 205

....

....

Selection of thedevice operation

Selection of profileoperation



Fig. 7.9 shows the graphic operation picture for the basic calibration of the Deltapilot S.

Fig. 7.10 shows the graphical operation for the scaling of the Deltapilot S. By selectingthe device profile "AI transmitter block" (acknowledge with ) the parameters PV_SCALEand OUT_SCALE can be set. Please note that for DPV1 Version 2.0, the unit is nottransmitted with the measured value. The setting of the PV unit also has no effect on theoutput value OUT.

The operating picture "Diagnosis" shows the current status of the device. "Simulation"allows a measured value to be simulated, "Block" displays the current setting of themode block.

Fig. 7.9Basic calibration of the Deltapilotusing Commuwin II

Fig. 7.10Scaling of the PA output of alldevices using Commuwin II



7.7 Operating Simatic PDM

With Siemens Simatic PDM, it is possible to fully utilize the advanced diagnostic featuresof the Metso ND800PA positioner. For example the ND800PA key diagnostic trend, loadfactor, is presented in PDM as shown in the the figure 7.11

Fig 7.11 shows the load factor of the actuator as a percentage. In the case of a singleacting actuator, the load factor shows the actuator load with respect to the presentspring force, i.e., a load factor of 100% indicates that the actual load may exceed thespring force. For double acting actuators, the load factor shows the actuator load withrespect to the user-given supply pressure level, i.e., a load factor of 100% indicates thatthe actual load may exceed maximum´attainable pressure difference being equal to thesupply pressure. The trend can be used for analysing the condition of the control valve.A high load factor indicates the presence of high friction or an undersized actuator if thegiven supply pressure is equal to actual supply pressure level. The load factor is notupdated when the valve is appropriately fully open or closed.

Fig 7.11 ND800PA Actuator load factor trend



8 Trouble-Shooting

This chapter contains a summary of the most frequent faults and questions concerningPROFIBUS that have been dealt with by our service department. It is subdivided asfollows:

• Commissioning• PLC network design• Data transmission• Commuwin II

8.1 Commissioning

Question/Fault Cause/Remedy

How can I assign an address to a device?

With the exception of the temperature sensor TMD 834, all Endress+Hauser devices have an address switch that allows hardware or software addressing.

For software addressing (or for the TMD 834) a PROFIBUS-DP operat-ing tool is required, e.g. the DPV1 server in Commuwin II. Its use is described in Chapter 5.7

Where is the device termination switch?

There is no termination switch on the device itself.

The bus is terminated by using a separate terminator or a T-box with a switchable terminating element.

In the case of explosion hazardous applications, a separate, certi-fied terminator must be used!

When a device is added to the bus, the segment fails.

The segment coupler supplies a defined maximum output current to the segment. Every device requires a particular basic current (see Chapter 4.2). If the sum of the basic currents exceeds the output current of the coupler, the bus become unstable.

Diagnosis: Measure the current consumption of the devices with an ammeter.

Remedy: Reduce the electrical load on the segment concerned, i.e. one or more devices must be disconnected.

PROFIBUS-PA slave with address 2 cannot be found.

If a Siemens DP/PA-link Type IM 157 is used, the internal address must be taken into consideration. On the PROFIBUS-PA side, the link has the fixed internal address 2. For this reason, the address 2 may not be assigned to any of the PROFIBUS-PA slaves connected to the link.



8.2 PLC planning

Question/Fault Cause/Remedy

The measured value in the Sie-mens S5 is incorrect

The Siemens S5 PLC cannot interpret the IEEE floating point format.

A conversion module is required that transforms the IEEE floating point value into Siemens KG format. This can be obtained from Siemens.

The module is for Types 135 U and 155 U but not for 115 U and 95 U.

The measured value in Siemens S7 PLCs is always zero

The function module SFC 14 must be used.

The SFC 14 ensures that e.g. 5 bytes can be consistently loaded into the SPS. If the SFC 14 is not used, only 4 bytes can be consistently loaded into the Siemens S7.

The measured value at the device display is not the same as that in the PLC.

The parameters PV_SCALE and OUT_SCALE are not set correctly.

Instructions on how to adjust the parameters PV_SCALE and OUT_SCALE in the function block can be taken from Chapter 7.6 or the device operating instructions.

No connection between the PLC and the PROFIBUS-PA network.

1. The bus parameters and baudrate were not set when the PLC was configured. The baudrate to be set depends upon the segment coupler used.

Pepperl + Fuchs 93.75 kBit/sSiemens 45.45 kBit/sPA Link (Siemens) freely selectable

2. The bus parameters require adjustment? 3. The polarity of the PROFIBUS-DP line is reversed (A and B)? 4. PROFIBUS-DP bus not terminated?

Both the beginning and the end of the bus must be terminated.



8.3 Data transmission

Question/Fault Remedy

How are data transferred to the PLC?

The measured values are transmitted in 5 byte long data blocks. 4 bytes are used to transmit the measured value. The fifth byte contains standardised status information. Error codes for Endress+Hauser device faults, e.g. E 641, are not transmitted with the status.

For limit switches, the information is transmitted in two bytes: Signal condition and status information. See Chapter 2.4 and 3.4.

What does status information mean?

See Table 6.1 in Chapter 6.2.

How is data transmitted from the Promag 33/35 to the PLC?

Information regarding the function of the cyclical services can be found in the operating instructions of the Promag 33/35. Depending upon the device settings, up to two measured values can be transmitted.

If the totalisor is not required, its position must be reserved (FREE PLACE).

How can the totalisor of the Promag 33/35 be reset?

The output word of the cyclical services is used. The procedure is described in Chapter 2.4, Table 2.3 using the Promass 63 as an example.

How can the PLC switch on the positive zero return of the Promag 33?

The output word of the cyclical services is used. The procedure is described in Chapter 2.4, Table 2.3 using the Promass 63 as an example.

How is data transmitted from the Promass 63 to the PLC?

Information regarding the function of the cyclical services can be found in the operating instructions of the Promass 63. The first 4 blocks (measured values) in the device are always activated. If any of these measured values are not required, the PROFIBUS master (SPS) must transmit the code FREE_PLACE for the appropriate block(s). The FREE_PLACEs are set during the configuration of the PLC. If other measured values are required, e.g. standard volume flow, these must be activated in the device. See also chapter 2.4.

How can the totalisor of the Pro-mass 63 be reset?

See Table 2.3 in Chapter 2.4 or the device operating manual.

How can the PLC switch on the positive zero return of the Pro-mass 63?


How can the PLC adjust the zero point of the Promass 63?




8.4 Commuwin II

Question/Fault Remedy

Commuwin II cannot open the connection to the PROFIBUS-PA devices.

Commuwin II is a Class 2 master that allows the transmission of acyclic values. The PROFIBUS-DP baudrate to be set depends upon the seg-ment coupler used.

See also Chapter 6.4.

The connection to the devices cannot be opened.

1. If the PLC and Commuwin II are used in parallel, the busparameters must be mutually compatible. The bus parameters must be identical for all connected masters.

If Commuwin II is used, the Token Rotation Time (TTR) calculated by the PLC configuration tool must be increased by 20 000 bit times and the corresponding value entered in the Commuwin II DDE server, see Chapter 6.4.

In the case of a Siemens S5 system with ComProfibus, the Delta TTR must be increased by 20 000 bit times.

2. The HSA parameter (Highest Station Address) must permit the Commuwin II address. The HSA specifies the highest address per-mitted for active participants (masters) on the bus. Slaves can have a higher address.

3. Is the Commuwin II address free or is it being used by another device?

4. Is the correct baudrate set?

5. Have the drivers and cards been correctly installed? Is the green LED on the TAP of the Proficard or Profiboard lit?

6. Is the GAP update to high (the result is longer waiting times)?

A device does not appear in the live list.

1. Device is not connected to segment.

2. Address used twice.

Device cannot be fully operated.

1. The device version is not supported by Commuwin II.A full device description is necessary (see Chapter 6.1).The default parameters of the PROFIBUS-PA profile are offered.

2. Full operation is possible for Endress+Hauser devices and Samson positioners only.

A change of unit at the device has no effect on the value on the bus.

If the measured value at the device display is to be the same as that transmitted to the PLC, the parameters PV_SCALE and OUT_SCALE must be matched.

OUT_SCALE_MIN = PV_SCALE_MINOUT_SCALE_MAX = PV_SCALE_MAX

See Chapter 7.6 and the device operating instructions.



9 Technical Data

9.1 PROFIBUS-DP

Identification Designation PROFIBUS-DP

Application Fieldbus for factory automation and process control

Function and system design Bus access method Multimaster with logical token ring

Topology See Chapter 3

No of participants max. 127 per Bus, but max. 32 per segmentSegments can be connected together with repeaters

Baudrate up to 12 MBit, dependent upon transmission medium and cable length

Signal coding RS-485

Response time Dependent upon the data transmission rate

Electrical connection Bus cable copper: screened, twisted pairs, screening grounded at both ends. Cable specifications, see Chapter 3.1Fibre optics: see PROFIBUS-DP specifications

Cable length copper: up to 1200 m, depending upon baudrate, see Chapter 3.1

Spur length Total length of all spurs max. 6.6 m, for baudrates > 1.5 MBit/s none

Bus connection Connecting elements: 9-pole Sub-D connectors

Bus termination At both ends of every segment

Repeater Max. 3 between 2 participants

Human interface Local operation If appropriate, via keys or touch keys

PC operation Via operating program, z. B. Commuwin II, and PROFIBUS interface card

Bus address Set with DIP switch, local operating elements or softwareSoftware/hardware addressing selectable

Documentation PROFIBUS-DP EN 50 170, Part 1 - 3, DIN 19 245, Part 1-3 PNO Guidelines for PROFIBUS-DP

Intrinsic safety None

Physical layer RS-485



9.2 PROFIBUS-PA

Identification Designation PROFIBUS-PA

Application Intrinsically safe fieldbs for process engineering

Function and system design Bus access method Master-slave

Topology See Chapter 3

No. of participants max. 32 for non-hazardous applicationsmax. 24 for EEx ib IIBmax. 10 for EEx ia/ib IICThe actual number is dependent upon the the segment coupler and the current consumption of the participants

Baudrate 31.25 kBits/s

Signal coding Manchester II

Update time Dependent upon the number of devices on the bus:t = n x 10 ms + PLC program run time + DP transmission time

Electrical connection Bus power supply EEx ia/ib IIC: 13.5 V, 128 mAEEx ib IIB: 13.5 V, 280 mAStandard: 24 V, 380 mA

Bus cable Preferred: screened, twisted pairs, screening ground at both sidesCable specifications (and other types), see Chapter 3.2

Cable length Dependent upon application and bus coupler, Kapitel 3.2

Spur length Max. 30 m each for hazardous applications, otherwise as in Chapter 3.2

Bus connection Connecting elements: T-pieces

Bus termination At both endsSpecications: R = 100 W ± 2 %, C = 1 mF ± 20 %

Repeater Max. 4 per bus segment

Human interface Local operation If appropriate, via keys or touch-keys

PLC operation Via common parameters and profile commands

PC operation Via operating program, z. B. Commuwin II, and PROFIBUS interface card

Bus address Set at DIP switch or via softwareSoftware/hardware addressing selectable

Documentation PROFIBUS-PA EN 50 170, Part 4, DIN 19 245, Part 4PNO Guidelines for PROFIBUS-PA

Intrinsic safety EN 50 020, FISCO model, IEC 79-14

Physical layer EN 61158-2 or IEC 61158-2



10 PROFIBUS-PA Components

10.1 Endress+Hauser and Metso field devices

Cerabar S

ND800PA

Product Cerabar S

Process variable Pressure

PROFIBUS ID code 1501

Auxiliary energy 9º32 VDC

Max. basic current 11 mA

Fault current 0 mA

Start-up current < basic current

Local operation yes

Device address DIP switch, software

Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Pressure

Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Pressure

Additional signals None

Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6

Certificate PTB 98 ATEX 2178

PNO certificate Z00408

PROFIBUS-DP version available No

0 - 10 bar0 - 10 bar

Product ND800PA

Description Digital valve controller

PROFIBUS ID code 052d

Auxiliary energy 9…32 VDC

Max. basic current 23.45 mA

Fault current 3.55 mA

Local operation yes

Device address Local user interface and remote software

Cyclic data SP, READBACK, POS_D, CHECKBACK

Acyclic profile data Analog output, Physical, Transducer

Profile version 3.0

Additional signals Limit switches

Diagnostics Load factor trend, travel deviation trend, valvetravel vs. time trend, travel counters

Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T5/T6

PNO certificate no

PROFIBUS-DPversion available

no



Prosonic T

Deltapilot S

Product Prosonic T

Process variable Level



Max. basic current 13 mA; for FMU 232 max. 17 mA

Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Level

Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Level


Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T6 (not FMU 232)




Product Deltapilot S



Auxiliary energy 9º32 VDC, fr FEB 24P 9,6...32 VDC


Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes











Deltabar S

Promag 33/35

Product Deltabar S

Process variable Differential pressure




Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (5 bytes) Differential pressure

Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Pressure






Order C

ode XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

XX

Ser.-N

o. XX

X X

XX

X

Mat. 1.4571 / A

l3 O2 / F

PM

IP 65

P -1 ... 2 bar

U 10,5 ... 45 V

DC

P 20 bar

4...20 mA

Intensor

P S

pan 100 mbar

min

max

Patented

Product Promag 33/35

Process variable Flow

PROFIBUS ID code 1505,

Auxiliary energy (local) 16...62VDC; 85...260VAC; 20...55VAC

Min. bus voltage 9 V


Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes

Device address DIP switch, Local operation, software

Cyclic data to PLC (5...10 bytes) Flow, Totaliser

Cyclic data from PLC (1 byte) Control for resetting totaliser, zero point adjustment

Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Flow, Totaliser

Additional signals 1x 4...20 mA Flow

Degree of protection EEx e [ib] IIC T4-T6EEx de [ib] IIB/IIC T4-T6

Certificate BVS 95.D.2077XBVS 95.D-2078X


PROFIBUS-DP version available yes, ID code 1511

DP-baudrate up to 12 Mbit/s, automatically adjusted



Promass 63

TMD 834

Product Promass 63



Auxiliary energy (local) 16...62 VDC; 85...260VAC; 20...55 VAC



Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (5...50 byte) Mass flow, Totalisator 1, Temperature, Den-sity, Totalisator 2, Volumetric flow, Standard volumetric flow, Target medium flow, Car-rier medium flow, Calculated density

Cyclic data from PLC (1 byte) Control for resetting of totalisor, zero point adjustment, Zero point return

Acyclic profile data 8x Analog Input, Physical, Flow, 2x Total-iser

Additional signals 1x 4...20 mA (Mass, Density, Temperature)

Degree of protection EEx [ia/ib] IIC/IIB

Certificate SEV No.96.1 10394


PROFIBUS-DP version available yes, ID code 1512

Baudrate up to 12 Mbit/s, automatically adjusted

Product TMD 834

Process variable Temperature




Fault current 0 mA


Local operation No

Device address software

Cyclic data to PLC (5 byte) Temperature

Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Temperaturee


Degree of protection EEx ia IIC T4 - T6

Certificate CESI Ex-97.D.074

PNO certificate Z004xx




Mycom II

Micropilot FMR 23x

Product Mycom II

Process variable pH-value, Conductivity

PROFIBUS ID code 1508: pH-value1509: Conductivity (ind.)150B: Conductivity (cond.)

Auxiliary energy (local) 20...30 VDC; 24/100/115/200/230VAC



Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (10 bytes) pH-value, Temperature Conductivity, Temperature

Acyclic profile data None

Additional signals 2x 4...20 mA, pH-value, Temperature or2x 4...20 mA, Conductivity, Temperature

Degree of protection EEx e m [ia/ib] IIC T4

Certificate BVS 95.D.2098


1 2

HOLDCAL.1CAL.2

V H

E

+

MYCOM-P∞C pH%

V0 H0

Product Micropilot FMR 230V/FMR 231


PROFIBUS ID code 150A

Auxiliary energy 9 … 32 VDC


Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes






Certificate FMR 231PTB 98 ATEX 2119PTB 98 ATEX 2110XFMR 230VPTB 98 ATEX 2119





Mypro

Prowirl 77

Product Mypro

Process variable pH-value, Conductivity

PROFIBUS ID code 150C: Conductivity150D: pH-value

Auxiliary energy 9...32 VDC



Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (10 bytes) pH-value, Temperature or Conductivity, Temperature



Degree of protection EEx ia/ib IIC T4



Product Prowirl 77



Auxiliary energy (extern) 9...32 V


Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (5...10 bytes Flow, Totaliser

Cyclic data from PLC (1 byte) Control for resetting of totalisor, zero point adjustment

Acyclic profile data Analog Input, Physical, Flow, Totaliser


Degree of protection EEx ia/ib IIC T2-T6






Liquisys S

RID 261

Product Liquisys

Process variable pH-value, Conductivity, Turbidity, Oxygen, Chlorine

PROFIBUS ID code 1515 Conductivity1516 pH1517 Turbidity1518 Oxygen1519 Chlorine

Auxiliary energy (local) 20...30 VDC; 24/100/115/200/230VAC


Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes


Cyclic data to PLC (10 bytes) Measured value + Temperature


Additional signals Relay

Degree of protection None

Certificate None

PNO certificate in preparation

PROFIBUS-DP version available in preparation

Product Display RID 261

Process variable Display function

PROFIBUS ID code None



Fault current 0 mA


Local operation Setting of the address of the monitpred slaves and offet via DIP-switch

Cyclic data to PLC None, Listener function

Input and output data (5 bytes) Process value + limit value display 4 bytes IEEE-754 + 1 byte status to PROFIBUS-PA V 3.0



Degree of protection EEx ia IIC

Certificate in preparation




FXN 164

Product PA/NAMUR-interface FXA 164

Process variable 4 x level limit

Input NAMUR, e.g. Liquiphant with FEL 56




Fault current 0 mA


Local operation yes

Device address DIP switch, local operation, software

Cyclic data to PLC(2 byte pro Kanal)

Grenzstand

Acyclic profile data 4x Discrete Input, Physical,4x Level limit


Degree of protection EEx ia IIC

Certificate in preparation




10.2 Network components

A complete list of the components that are available from Endress+Hauser is to befound in the price list or the accessory program SD 096F.

Component Description E+H Order No..

Segment coupler StandardEEx ia/ib IIBSiemens PLC: use Siemens coupler

017039-1000017039-0000

Cable Kerpen IEC 1152-2Siemens 6 XV 1830 - 5 AH 10Beldon 3976FCord sets with M12 connector, length 1 m, 2.5 m or 10 m, yellow or blue.

———see accessory programSD 096F

Terminator Weidmller (for Ex and Nicht-Ex)Turck (for Ex and Nicht-Ex, M12 connector)

017481-0001520001028

T-boxes Weidmller (various)Turck (various)

see accessory programSD 096F

Junction boxes Weidmller (various)Turck (various)

see accessory programSD 096F

Display unit

Memograph: - indicates measured value, status and tag number of connected device, - with PROFIBUS-DP protocol- Listener function

RSC10-xxxxxxxxxx

Operating program Commuwin II FXS113-xxx

Computer interfaces(for Commuwin)

Softing PROFICARD (PCMCIA card) 016570-5200

Softing PROFIBOARD (ISA board) 016570-5300

Device database files (GSDs)

Required for PLC integration 943157-0000or download via Internet http:\\www.endress.com

12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00



10.3 Supplementary documentation

Profibus StandardEN 50 170 Part 1, 2DIN 19 245, Teil 1 - 4Beuth Verlag GmbH, Berlin

PROFIBUS Product CataloguePROFIBUS User OrganisationHaid- und Neu-Straße 7D76131 KarlsruheInternet:www.profibus.com

Cerabar STechnical Information TI 216P/00/enTechnical Information TI 217P/00/en

Deltabar STechnical Information TI 256P/00/en

Deltapilot STechnical Information TI 257F/00/en

FXN 164Technical Information TI 343F/00/en

Memograph RSG 10Technical Information TI 054R/09/en

Micropilot FMR 231Technical Information TI 281F/00/en

Mycom II (pH, conductivity measurement)Technical Information TI 143C/07/enTechnical Information TI 144C/07/en

Mypro (pH, conductivity measurement)Technical Information TI 172C/07/enTechnical Information TI 173C/07/en

Promag 33Technical Information TI 027D/06/en

Promass 63Technical Information TI 030D/06/en

Prowirl 77Technical Information TI 031D/06/en

Prosonic TTechnical Information TI 246F/00/en

TMD 834Technical Information TI 201T/02/en

LiquisysTechnical Information TI xxxC/07/enin preparation

RID 261Technical Information TI xxxR/09/enin preparation

Commuwin II Operating ProgramSystem Information SI 018F/00/en

ND800PAUser's Guide ND800PAIMO 7 ND 72 en



11 Terms and Definitions

This chapter contains a selection of terms and definitions to bemet in fieldbustechnology. It is subdivided as follows:

• Bus architecture• Components• Data exchange• Miscellaneous terms

11.1 Bus architecture

• TopologyThe structure of the communication system, e.g. linear (bus), tree, ring, star. ForPROFIBUS, linear and tree structures are permissible

• ParticipantA device that is connected to and recognised by the communication system. Everyparticipant has a unique address.

– active communication participant = masterA device that has the right to initiate communcation.

– passive communication participant = slaveA device that may communicate only when it receives the right to do so from a master.

• Physical layerThe cable and associated hardware that connects the participants together. Amongother things, the physical layer defines how a signal is to be transmitted over the bus,how it is to be interpreted and how many participants are allowed on a segment. Thefollowing transmission methods are relevant to PROFIBUS applications:

– RS-485Standard for transmission on shielded two-core cable that is used for PROFIBUS-DP.

– IEC 61158-2International fieldbus standard with data transmission and power supply on shieldedtwo-core cable that is used for PROFIBUS-PA.

– Fibre opticsAlternative to two-core cable for PROFIBUS-DP applications when operating inenvironments with heavy electrical interference or when long buses and hightransmission rates are required. Can also be used as a basis for redundantstructures.

• SegmentIn the case of a tree structure, a network section that is separated from the trunk lineby a repeater, segment coupler or link.

– Trunk cableThe longest bus cable, which is terminated at both ends with a terminator.

– SpurLine connecting the field device to trunk cable.For PROFIBUS-PA, the number and length of the spurs is limited by the physics andapplication (standard or explosiion-hazardous area)(spur cable °‹ 30 m, splice °‹ 1 m).



11.2 Components

• Process-near component (PNC)A PNC is in direct contact with the fieldbus and manages the communication with thefield devices (= bus master). It can be either a PLC or an operating programm runningon a personal computer.

• Signal couplerThe interface between a PROFIBUS-DP system and a PROFIBUS-P A segment. Thesignal coupler converts the signal from RS-485 to IEC 61158-2 format and adapts thetransmission rate.

• Bus power unitSupplies the devices on the PROFIBUS-PA segment with power (except those whichare externally powered). Normally the signal coupler and bus power unit arecontained in a signal unit, e.g. as the segment coupler. The can also be designed asa PLC interface card.

• Segment couplerA device that serves as both signal coupler and bus power unit. In these guidelines,a segment coupler is considered to be "transparent", i.e. its existence is notrecognised by the communication system. The master communicates directly with theconnected devices. The coupler includes a terminator and in the case of Ex-versions,a barrier.

• LinkPROFIBUS-DP/PROFIBUS-PA interface for the connection of one or more PROFIBUSsegments. A link is not "transparent", i.e. there is no direct communication between themaster and the PROFIBUS-PA slaves. Their data are collected by the links and madeavailable as a whole to the PROFIBUS-DP master. A link is a slave in a PROFIBUS-DPsystem but a master to the connected PROFIBUS-PA segments.

• RepeaterA repeater amplifies the communication signal, thus allowing the bus length to beextended. Up to 4 repeaters are allowed per bus segment (PROFIBUS-PA). Arepeater is a bus participant.

• Field devicesActuators and sensors that are connected to a PROFIBUS-PA/PROFIBUS-DPsegment. Field devices are normally slave.

• T-boxMeans of connecting individual field devices to the trunk cable. The field devices canbe connected directly to the T-box or via a spur. T-boxes are used for distribution onlyhad have no intelligence.

• Junction boxMeans of connecting several field devices to the trunk cable. Normally, the fielddevices are connected to the junction box by a spur. Junction boxes are used fordistribution only had have no intelligence.

• TerminatorComponent that terminates the beginning and end of the bus segment, in order toavoid interfering reflections. For PROFIBUS-PA, one terminator is built inot thesegment coupler. Various T-boxes have a built-in terminator that can be switched onwhen the box is at the end of the segment. For explosion-hazardous applications aseparate bus terminator must be used.



11.3 Data exchange

• Bus access methodThe mechanism that is used to ensure proper communication between theparticipants on the network.

• Logical token ringA bus access method for communication systems with several masters (multimastersystem). During the network design stage, a central list containing every master withits assigned access time is compiled . The master with the token has the right totransmit for this period of time. Afterwards, the token is passed on to the next masterin the list. After the list has be worked through, the procedure is started over again.

– Token rotation timeThe time required until all the masters in a token ring have been worked through.Normally, the token rotation time also corresponds the update time for the plant database.

• Master-slave methodA bus access method in which the right to transmit is assigned to one participant only(the master), whereas all the other participants (slaves) can only transmit whenrequested to do so.

• Hybrid methodA mixture between two bus access methods, e.g. for PROFIBUS-DP the masters arelinked together in a logical token right, but communicate directly with their slavesusing the master-slave method.

• Cyclic data transfer (polling)The regular exchange of data between a master and its slaves. For measuringinstruments, this concerns the measured value and status signals.

• Acyclic data transferThe irregular exchange of data between a master and a slave. For measuringinstruments, this usually concerns the adjustment of process-relevant deviceparameters during commissioning or operation. Alternatively a detailed errormessage may be transmitted when a bad status is detected.

• Update timeThe time required in cyclic data exchange to collect the complete set of data availableon a bus segment.

• Bus addressA unique device code used to identify a bus participant, which enables the master totransmit data to a particular slave on the network. The bus address is normally set viaDIP switch or software.



11.4 Miscellaneous terms

• FISCO modelBasis for the use of PROFIBUS-PA devices in explosion-hazardous areas.

• Fault disconnection electronics (FDE)Measures aimed at preventing an impermissible current consumption in the event ofa fault, so that a defective bus participant cannot detrimentally affect the function ofthe rest of the system.

• Fault currentThe increase in the current consumption with respect to the basic current in the eventof a fault.

• Device database file (GSD)Device descriptions and bitmaps required be the master, in order that a device isrecognised as a bus participant. The device database files are required during thecommissioning of the communication system.



12 Appendix

Requirements The following data are required to design a PROFIBUS-PA segment:• Max. output current of the segment coupler Is mA• Output voltage of the segment coupler Us V• Specific resistance of the cable RK Ω/km• Total length of the spurs m• Length of the trunk cable m• Basic and fault currents of the field devices used

(for Endress+Hauser and Metso devices see Section 4.3, page 28).

12.1 Calculation sheets for explosion hazardous areas EEx ia

Current consumption

Cable length

No. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current IB Fault current IFDE

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Highest fault current(max. IFDE)

Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE

Output current of segment coupler IS

IS ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE? yes = OK

Max. loop-resistance, standard 40 12.0 pt

Specific resistance of cable RK Ω/km

Max. length (m) = 1000 x (40 W/ Specific resistance of cable) m

Length of trunk cable m

Total length of spurs m

Total length of cable LSEG m

Total length of cable < Max. length OK!




*for FEB 24P ≥ 9.6 V

12.2 Calculation sheets for explosion hazardous areas EEx ib

Current consumption

Output voltage of segment coupler US (Manufacturer´s data) V


Total length of cable LSEG

Resistance of cable RSEG = LSEG x RK Ω

Current consumption of segment ISEG

Voltage drop UA = ISEG x RSEG V

Voltage at last device UB = US - UA V

≥ 9* V? OK!


1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20


Current consumption ISEG = SIB + max. IFDE


IS ≥ ΣIB + max. IFDE? yes = OK



Cable length



Max. loop-resistance, standard 16 Ω

Specific resistance of cableRK Ω/km

Max. length (m) = 1000 x (16 W/ loop-resistance of cable) m












≥ 9* V? OK!



12.3 Calculation sheets for non-hazardous areas

Current consumptionNo. Device Manufacturer Tag Basic current Fault current

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32


Current consumption ISEG = ΣIB + max. IFDE


IS ≥ ΣI + max. IFDE? yes = OK



Cable length



Max. loop-resistance, standard 39 Ω


Max. length (m) = 1000 x (39 W/ Widerstandbelag of cable) m












≥ 9* V? OK!

Index PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines


Index

A

Address switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Addressing with a link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Analog input block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Analogue values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 9, 16Approved usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

B

Baudrate, PROFIBUS-DP devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Block structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Bus address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23Bus length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Bus parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23

C

Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 18Cable length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29, 31, 32, 89, 91, 93Category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Cerabar S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Commuwin II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30, 32, 33Current consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30, 31, 33, 89, 90, 92

D

Data Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 23Deltabar S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Deltapilot S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Device database file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23Device menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Diagnostic messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Discrete input block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

E

Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Electrical symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43, 44Example 1, non-hazardous application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Example 1: Siemens segment coupler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43, 44Example 2, EEx ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Example 2: Pepperl + Fuchs segment coupler . . . . . . . . . 39Example 3, EEx ib . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Example 3: Siemens PA-link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Example: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Example: Data quantity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Explosion group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Explosion hazardous area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Explosion-hazardous areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Explosion protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

F

Fault disconnection electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25FISCO model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24FXN 164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

G

Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

H

Hardware addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

I

Installation, commissioning, operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

L

Level limit signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 22, 37Liquisys S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Local user interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

M

Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Master class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Max. cable length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Micropilot FMR 23x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Mixed network PROFIBUS-DP/PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Mycom II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Mypro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

N

ND800PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

O

Off-line operation (E+H, Samson) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Operating principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Operating program Commuwin II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 66Optical network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

P

Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 16PROFIBUS-DP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7PROFIBUS-DP network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37PROFIBUS-PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7PROFIBUS-PA segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Promag 33/35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Promass 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Proof of intrinsic safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Prosonic T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Prowirl 77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

R

Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66, 89RID 261 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

S

Safety conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Screening the spur/T-box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Segment coupler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 21, 26Software addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Spurs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 20, 27Standard parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 20

PROFIBUS-PA Guidelines Index


T

Technical improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3TMD 834 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78Totalisor block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Transmission rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 23

U

Up-/download (E+H, Samson) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

V

Voltage at last device . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30, 32, 33, 90, 91, 93

W

Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Working with GSD files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Hauser+EndressThe Power of Know How

Metso Automation, Field SystemsEurope, Levytie 6, P.O. Box 310, 00811 Helsinki, Finland. Tel. +358 20 483 150. Fax +358 20 483 151

North America, 44 Bowditch Drive, P.O. Box 8044, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA. Tel. +1 508 852 0200. Fax +1 508 852 8172

Latin America, Av. Central, 181-Chácaras Reunidas,12238-430 São José dos Campos, SP Brazil.Tel. +55 123 935 3500. Fax +55 123 935 3535

Asia Pacific, 501 Orchard Road, #05-09 Wheelock Place, 238880 Singapore. Tel. +65 673 552 00. Fax +65 673 545 66

Middle East, Roundabout 8, Unit AB-07, P.O. Box 17175, Jebel Ali Freezone, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Tel. +971 4 883 6974. Fax +971 4 883 6836

www.metsoautomation.com

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