GSM Basics by Essar Cellphone

8/2/2019 GSM Basics by Essar Cellphone

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WhatisCommunication?

Theexchangeofinformationis

calledcommunication

(The

Tx

or

Rxofinformation)


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WiredCommunication

WirelessCommunication


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WhatisWiredCommunication?

Communicationwithphysical

connectivit between Transmitter and

Receiver.


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qu pmen so

re

Communication

NormalTelephoneCommunication(PSTN)

TelexCommunication


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WhatiswirelessCommunication?

Communicationwithout

actual

physical

connectivitybetweenTransmitterand

Receiver


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'Communication

Cordlessphones

Pagers

DECTphones

Radio

Television

GSM

CDMA


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Advantageofwireless

Mobility

Availability

Reliability


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sa van ageso

w re ess

communication

PoorvoiceQuality(Attimes)

CommunicationdependsuponSignalQuality

PowerrequireforHandset


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WhatisGSMCommunication?

COMMUNICATIONS iscalledGSM

Communication GSMSpecificationsdesignedbyEuropean

TelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute

Committee

(ETSI

)


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GSM is the international standard in Euro e Australia

and much of Asia and Africa. In covered areas, cellphoneusers can buy one phone that will work

.the specific service providers in these different

countries, GSMusers simply switch subscriber

identification module (SIM) cards. SIM cards are smallremovable disks that slip in and out of GSM cell

.identification numbers you need to access a particularwireless service provider.


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States are not compatible with the

.

States and need to have a cell phone access

' ,

is buy a GSM 900MHz/1800MHz cell phone

.


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GSM uses 13 kbps voice communication. In 20MHz of total spectrum (paired spectrum of

10MHz each way), 400 channels are available. When using nonsectorised cells, at best a reuse

e c ency o . s poss e. s mp es, a ou x0.33 or 135 channels per cell implying a trunking

efficiency of about 0.85.

be approximately 766. For a cell radius of 10 kms, 3kms and 1 km, of the subscriber density served givenb 766/ r2 will be 2.4, 27, and 245 subscribers/s

km, respectively.


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TheGSMnetworkcanbedivided

intofourmainparts

The Mobile Station, which is carried by the subscriber

The Base Station Subsystem, which controls the radio link

The Network and Switching Subsystem, the main part of

which is the Mobile Services Switchin Center and which

performs the switching of calls between the mobile and

other fixed or mobile network users, as well as

management o mo i e services, suc as aut enticationThe Operation and Support Subsystem, which oversees

.


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WIRELESSWIRELESS

Wireless is a term used to describe

electromagnetic waves (rather than

part or all of the communication path.


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SMS (Short Message Service) A service for

sending messages of up to 160 charactersto mobile phones that use Global Systemfor Mobile (GSM) communication.

SMS messages do not require the mobilephone to be active and within range. They

can a so e sent rom a we site.


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adaptationof

the

Short

Message

Service

,

melodies,pictures,sounds,andanimationsto

.


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based wireless communication service that promisesdata rates from 56 up to 114 Kbps and continuous

connection to the Internet for mobile phone and

computer users. As GPRS becomes available, mobileusers o a v r ua pr va e ne wor w e a e o

access the private network continuously rather than

.


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Class2 oneup 812kbps,2down1624kbps(2+1) Class4 oneup8 12kbps,3down24 36kbps

Class6 twoup16 24kbps,threedown 24 36kbps

Class8

one

up

8

12

kbps

,four

down

32

40

kbps

class10 oneup8 12kbps,fourdown32 48kbpsortwoup16 24,

Class12 oneup8 12kbps,fourdown3248kbpsortwoup16 24kbps,threedown24 36kbpsorthreeup24 36kbps,twodown16

24kbps

or

four

up

32

48

kbps

one

down

8

12

kbps

NOTE

UPmeanstransmit


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PACKETSWITCHINGGPRS involves overlaying a packet based air interface on theexisting circuit switched GSM network. This gives the user anoption to use a packetbased data service. To supplement a circuitsw tc e networ arc tecture w t pac et sw tc ng s qu te a

major upgrade.With GPRS, the information is split into separate but related" "receiving end. Packet switching is similar to a jigsaw puzzle theimage that the puzzle represents is divided into pieces at themanufacturin factor and ut into a lastic ba . Durintransportation of the now boxed jigsaw from the factory to the enduser, the pieces get jumbled up. When the recipient empties thebag with all the pieces, they are reassembled to form the original

image. A t e pieces are a re ate an it toget er, ut t e waythey are transported and assembled varies. The Internet itself isanother example of a packet data network, the most famous of

.


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fora

set

of

communication

protocols

to

standardize

thewaythatwirelessdevices,suchascellular

telephonesandradiotransceivers,canbeusedfor

Internet

access,

including

email

and

the

World

Wide

e .


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HSCSDHSCSD

enhancement of data services ("Circuit SwitchedData CSD) of all current GSM networks. It allows

you to access nonvoice services at 3 times faster,

which means subscribers are able to send andrece ve a a rom e r por a e compu ers a a

speed of up to 28.8 kbps; this is currently being

43.2 kbps.


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telecommunications industry specification thatdescribes how mobile hones com uters and

personal digital assistants can easily interconnect

with each other using a shortrange wireless

connection. Bluetooth requires that a transceiver

chip be included in each device.


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electromagnetic radiation spectrum atwavelen ths lon er than those of visible li ht but

shorter than those of radio waves. Infrared is

used in a variety of wireless communications,monitoring, and control applications.


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EDGEEDGE

EDGE or Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution

datacom capacity of GPRS

(General Packet RadioService) enhanced GSM networks, enabling GSMoperators to provide highspeed Mobile Internetservices over existing infrastructure. Operators can

individual user data rates by three times, or to servethree times the number of datacom users, or to free

up capacity for stillexpanding voice traffic.


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RAD E N LRAD E N L

What different services will be available on third generationsystems?

Video on demand, high speed multimedia and mobile Internetaccess are just a few of the possibilities for users in the future.3GSM Services will expand the possibilities of information andcommun ca on.

The main benefit is that they will offer highend service

capabilities, which includes substantially enhanced capacity,.include the concurrent usage of multiple services.

3GSM Services will also bridge the gap between the wireless,

operation apparently seamless.


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machine

or

program

to

receive

and

interpret

dictation,ortounderstandandcarryoutspoken

commands.


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This service facilitates high speed of datatransmission and uses the Packet SwitchingTechnology offering air interface transfer rates

at much higher speeds than normal datatrans er epen ing on mo i e terminacapabilities and Carrier interference. GPRS

interface resources.


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G P R SGPRS is a boon to that segment of customers who

would like to transmit data intermittently which

offers them at the most economical prices as

compared to the conventional mode of Data transfer

.

experience data transfer speeds up to 43 Kbps, which

can now surf Internet, view their Companys Intranet

databases, Mails using their Handsets. Because of its

characteristics, GPRS has found itself a place in theforay of building of tremendous Value Added

erv ces, w c w e p rea ze e reams o a a

hungry users


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BENEFITS OF GPRS

High Speed Data Access: As the name

,

longer is the Data transfer restricted to the. . ,

upto 43 Kbps can be experienced by a user

.

However, these speeds can be increased

.


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BENEFITS OF GPRS

Always ON: With GPRS, users now no

longer be worried of connecting and

disconnecting with the prevailing mindsetof coughing up huge amounts for airtime,

which was so till date. Once logged, the

user needs to only worry about the data,which is transferred, thereby making GPRS

a viable bearer for cost effective data

communication.


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ng e e wor or o ce a a:

uses e same ne wor , w c was

supporting for Voice. This benefit is

rans erre o e user w en e s rece v ng

or making any voice calls. This is basically

poss e ue o e ec no ogy e nGPRS.


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MMS

pictures,pictures, texttext andand voicevoice atat oneone gogothroughthrough MMSMMS HandsetHandset..

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